1、欢迎来到英语课堂Subjunctive Mood(2)Learn Grammar“Subjunctive Mood”虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测、或建议。而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。EgEg;1.If I were you,I would go there.2.If I had time yesterday,I would have gone there.2.If I had time yesterday,I would have gone there.3.I wish I had not done this terrible thing.3.I wi
2、sh I had not done this terrible thing.4.I suggested she(should)buy this book.4.I suggested she(should)buy this book.如果我是你，我将去那儿。（但我不是你）如果我有时间，我就会去那儿的。（但昨天我没有去）我真希望我没做这件可怕的事。（已经做了，表示不可能实现的愿望）我建议她买这本书。（可能买也可能不买，只表示建议）（一）虚拟语气用于条件从句主句谓语形式主句谓语形式从句谓语形式从句谓语形式与现在事实相反与现在事实相反would(shouldwould(should,could,mig
3、htcould,might)+)+动词原形动词原形过去式过去式(be(be的过去的过去式用式用were)were)与过去事实相反与过去事实相反would(shouldwould(should,could,mightcould,might)+have+have+过去过去分词分词had+had+过去分词过去分词与将来事实相反与将来事实相反would(shouldwould(should,could,mightcould,might)+)+动词原形动词原形过去式或用过去式或用were were to(shouldto(should)+)+动词原动词原形形1.If I were you,I shoul
4、d study English。2.If he had time,he would attend the meeting.3.If they had reached the beach,they would probably have been killed.4.If you came tomorrow,we would have the meeting.5.If it were to rain tomorrow,we would not go outing.与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反注意几点：注意几点：11。有时，用。有时，用withoutwithout短语代替短语代替 if
5、 if 从句虚拟语气。从句虚拟语气。Without water,there would be no living things.Without water,there would be no living things.22。有时条件从句的谓语动词的动作发生的时间不一致，。有时条件从句的谓语动词的动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。A.If you A.If you had listenedhad listened to the doctor,you to the doctor,you would bewould be
6、all right now.all right now.如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。B.If we B.If we hadnhadnt gott got everything ready by now,we everything ready by now,we shouldshould be be having a terrible time tomorrow.having a terrible time tomorrow.从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在。从句动作指过去，主句动作指将来。Practice 1 Match the two par
7、ts of the sentences1.If they had known it would start a war,2.She would not have written that letter.3.If he had not been badly wounded,4.If there had been enough UN peacekeepers,5.We would have put flowers on the grave,a.He could have escaped.b.They would not have invaded.c.They might have been abl
8、e to stop the war.d.If we had been able to find it.e.If she had not been so angry about the war.Practice 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs.1.If Hitler _ (not invade)Poland in 1939,perhaps Britain _(not declare)war.2.She_ (marry)in 1945,if her fianc _(not die)in Normandy.3.I
9、f I _(not see)that film,I _ (never know)terrifying war can be.4.The battle _ (finish)much sooner troops _(have)better guns.5.If we _(not have)sacrificed so many lives,we_ (not have)our freedom today.didnt invadewouldnt declarewould marryhadnt diedwould be finishedhadhadnt hadwould not havehadnt seen
10、would never knownPractice3:Read the sentences and choose the correct meanings1.1.Germany invaded Poland.The British declared war.A.If Germany hadnt invaded Poland,the British wouldnt have declared war.B.If Germany had invaded Poland,the British wouldnt have declared war.2.The soldiers reached the be
11、ach.They were attacked by the Germans.A.If the soldiers had reached the beach,they wouldnt have been attacked by the Germans.B.If the soldiers hadnt reached the beach,they wouldnt have been attacked by the Germans.3.The water was very deep.It was impossible for the soldiers 3.The water was very deep
12、.It was impossible for the soldiers to walk to the beach.to walk to the beach.A.If the water hadn A.If the water hadnt been so deep,it would havet been so deep,it would have been possible for the soldiers to walk to the beach.been possible for the soldiers to walk to the beach.B.If the water hadn B.
13、If the water hadnt been so deep,it would havet been so deep,it would have been impossible for the soldiers to walk to the beach.been impossible for the soldiers to walk to the beach.4.The invasion of Normandy was successful.The war4.The invasion of Normandy was successful.The war ended soon afterwar
14、ds.ended soon afterwards.A.If the invasion of Normandy hadn A.If the invasion of Normandy hadnt been t been successful,the war would have ended soon afterwards.successful,the war would have ended soon afterwards.B.If the invasion of Normandy hadn B.If the invasion of Normandy hadnt been successful,t
15、 been successful,the war wouldnthe war wouldnt have ended soon afterwards.t have ended soon afterwards.NMETNMET1.You didnt let me drive.If we _in turn,you 1.You didnt let me drive.If we _in turn,you _ so tired.(_ so tired.(全国卷）全国卷）A.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldnt getA.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldn
16、t get C.were driving;didnt get C.were driving;didnt get D.had driven;wouldnt have got D.had driven;wouldnt have got2.I didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she _,2.I didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she _,she would have met my brother.she would have met my brother.（全国卷）（全国卷）A.has come B.di
17、d come C.came D.had comeA.has come B.did come C.came D.had comeDD3.What would have happened,_,as 3.What would have happened,_,as far as the river bank?far as the river bank?（上海卷）（上海卷）A.Bob had walked farther A.Bob had walked farther B.if Bob should walk farther B.if Bob should walk farther C.had Bob
18、 walked farther C.had Bob walked farther D.if Bob walked farther D.if Bob walked fartherC4.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball,4.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball,otherwise he _ a goal.otherwise he _ a goal.A.had scored B.scored A.had scored B.scored C.would score D.would have scored C.would score D.would have scored5.The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for 5.The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years.years.A.should be B.would be A.should be B.would be C.have been D.had been C.have been D.had beenDD
