1、课时素养评价一Unit 1Warming Up & Reading. 用所给词的适当形式填空1. We can safely draw some conclusions (conclude)from our discussion. 2. The defending champion was defeated (defeat)by a weak team. 3. The school was attended(attend) almost entirely by local children. 4. This is a rather challenging (challenge)task, bu
2、t you made it! 5. I get so absorbed (absorb) in doing something that I am unaware of things happening around me. 6. It was suspected (suspect) that he had some connection with the matter. 7. The problem of pollution(pollute) arises along with the rapid development of industry. 8. She admitted to her
3、self she didnt know how to handle (handle) the problem. 9. She then decided right before the opening to make an exciting announcement(announce). 10. Before you take the medicine, you should read the instructions(instruction)on the bottle carefully. . 用适当的介、副词填空1. In the meeting, we put forward some
4、advice on how to improve our work. 2. My car slowed down, keeping a safe distance behind it. 3. The managing director was blamed for the accident, although it was not really his fault. 4. He was so absorbed in his work that he didnt notice a visitor came in. 5. I know how busy you must be and natura
5、lly I wouldnt want to take up too much of your time. 6. When linked to the subway, the city will be easy to get access to. 7. His son is very naughty and has formed some bad habits. I think he should cure him of them. 8. Good ideas floated around like leaves in autumn. 9. It is the sick person who b
6、ecomes interested in health. 10. Nowadays more and more people would like to live in the countryside. Yeah. Youd be exposed to a lot less pollution if you moved to a village with pure water and air. . 完成句子1. The tears were streaming so fast that she could not see. 泪水涌出如此迅速, 让她都看不见了。2. I can give you
7、 neither an opinion nor any advice. 我既不能给你一个意见, 也不能给你任何建议。3. Every time I ring her, she is always busy. 我每次给她打电话, 她总是很忙。4. I was proud of it, because it seemed that I was not a primary school pupil any more. 我很自豪, 因为我似乎不再是一个小学生。5. He announced to his friends that he would go home to accompany his pa
8、rents. 他向朋友们宣布他会回家陪父母。. 阅读理解AFranz Boas was born in Minden, Germany, in 1858. After studying at the Universities of Heidelberg, Bonn, and Kiel, he received a doctors degree in physics from the University of Kiel in 1881. His first fieldwork experience was among the Eskimo in Baffinland, Canada, in 1
9、8831884. In 1886, on his way back from a visit to the Kwakiutl Indians of British Columbia, Canada, he stopped in New York and decided to settle. Boass first teaching position in America was at the newly founded Clark University in 1888. Eleven years later, he became professor of anthropology(人类学) a
10、t Columbia University. From 1896 to 1905 he was also curator(馆长) of anthropology at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. There he organized and took part in the Jesup North Pacific Expedition of 1902, which suggested the possibility of a strong relationship between northern Asian and
11、northwestern Native American cultures. After guiding the Columbia Anthropology Department for 41 years, Boas became Professor Emeritus(荣誉退休教授) in 1937. Boass anthropological studies have become classics in the field. He showed the necessity of studying a culture in all its aspects, including art, hi
12、story, dance, language as well as the characteristics of the people. He pointed out that the differences in peoples were the results of historical, social and geographic conditions and all populations had completely and equally developed culture. He argued that no truly pure race exists, and that no
13、 race is superior to any other. In 1911 Boas published the Mind of Primitive Man, a series of lectures on culture and race. In the 1930s the Nazis in Germany burned the book. Boas revised the book in 1937 and put his anthropological ideas about racism into popular magazine articles. In 1942, Boas di
14、ed, having founded anthropology as a recognized social science. 【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍美国人类学之父弗朗茨博厄斯。1. In which year did Boas decide to stay in the US? A. 1883. B. 1886. C. 1888. D. 1896. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句In 1886, . . . he stopped in New York and decided to settle可知B为正确选项。2. According to the pa
15、ssage, Boas spent most of his life working at _. A. Columbia UniversityB. Kiel UniversityC. Clark UniversityD. the American Museum【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句After guiding the Columbia Anthropology Department for 41 years可知A为正确选项。3. What is the third paragraph mainly about ? A. Boass research on Native Am
16、erican cultures. B. Boass fight for freedom against the Nazis in Germany. C. Boass teaching and research career in America. D. Boass studies and views in the field of anthropology. 【解析】选D。段落大意题。本段主要介绍了博厄斯在人类学上的研究与观点。故选D。4. What do we learn about Boas from the passage? A. He became a doctor when he w
17、as 33 years old. B. He believed Western culture is better than all the rest. C. He is one of the founders of anthropology. D. He died at the age of 74 in his native country. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句In 1942, Boas died, having founded anthropology as a recognized social science. 可知, 博厄斯创立人类学, 并成为公认的社
18、会科学。从而可以推断出, 博厄斯是人类学的创始人之一。故选C。B(2020成都高二检测)Role models are important for inspiring scientists, but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more motivating (激励人心的) than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant. In a series of studies, researchers found tha
19、t young people were more motivated by scientists whose success was connected with effort than those whose success was because of born intelligence, even if that scientist was Albert Einstein. Danfei Hu, a doctoral student at Penn State, and Janet N. Ahn, an assistant professor of psychology at Willi
20、am Paterson University, said the findings recently published in Basic and Applied Social Psychology will help deal with certain secret about what it takes to succeed in science. According to the researchers, there is concern in the science community with the number of students who run after careers
21、in science during school only to drop out from those career paths once they graduate from college. To help solve the problem, Hu and Ahn wanted to research role modeling, which gives the students specific goals, behaviors or strategies they can follow. The researchers performed studies with 176 and
22、162 participants in each, respectively. In the first study, all participants read the same story about common struggles a scientist met in their science career. However, half were told the story was about Einstein, while half were told it was about Thomas Edison. Although the stories are the same, p
23、articipants were more likely to believe natural brilliance (才华) was the reason for Einsteins success. In addition, the participants who believed the story was about Edison were more motivated to complete a series of math problems. “This proved that people generally seem to view Einstein as a genius,
24、 with his success commonly linked to extraordinary talent, ” Hu said. “Edison, on the other hand, is known for failing more than 1, 000 times when trying to create the light bulb, and his success is usually linked to his effort. ” Hu added, “Knowing that something great can be achieved through hard
25、work and effort, more students will step into science confidently. ”【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了依靠勤奋和努力成功的科学家比天才型科学家更鼓舞人心。5. What kind of scientists are more motivating? A. Those who are famous around the world. B. Those who are famous for their hard work. C. Those who are viewed as naturally brilliant. D.
26、Those who are viewed as great inventors. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知, 那些以努力工作而闻名的科学家比那些天生才华横溢的科学家更能激励人心。6. What is the concern in the science community? A. Fewer students will work on science. B. The students will drop out of school soon. C. There are fewer role models for students to follow. D. Some sc
27、ientists can not give students specific goals. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知, 很多在校期间追求科学事业的学生, 大学毕业后就放弃了从事科学事业。也就是说从事科学事业的学生会更少, 这正是科学界所担忧的事情。7. Why were some participants motivated to complete a series of math problems? A. They knew the problems were given by Edison. B. They believed they were as intelli
28、gent as Einstein. C. They believed they could solve the problems by working hard. D. They knew they were to work together with Einstein and Edison. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知, 参与者完成数学题是受到爱迪生的鼓舞。再根据最后一段关键句“Edison, on the other hand, is known for failing more than 1, 000 times when trying to create the
29、light bulb, and his success is usually linked to his effort. ”可知, 爱迪生在尝试制造灯泡时失败了1 000多次, 他的成功通常与他的努力有关。综合上述句子可以得知这些相信爱迪生故事的参与者们相信通过努力工作可以解决问题, 所以才有动力去完成一系列数学题。8. What is the best title for the text? A. Einsteins Success StoryB. Edisons Achievements Are GreaterC. How to Be a Great ScientistD. Einstei
30、n Is Less Encouraging Than Edison【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章内容及文章第一段关键句“scientists who are known for their hard work are more motivating than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant. ”可知, 文章主要阐述的是那些以努力工作而闻名的科学家比那些天生才华横溢的科学家更能激励人心。D项中的Einstein代指天生才华横溢的科学家, Edison代指以努力工作而闻名的科学家, 意为“天生才华横溢的科学家没有以努力工作而闻名
31、的科学家鼓舞人心”, 能够表达文章主旨。【技巧点拨】主旨大意题的解题方法: 浏览全文, 抓住关键字眼, 把握主旨。例如本篇文章中的第8小题, 要求给文章选择合适的题目。首先, 浏览全文, 抓住关键字眼, 把握主旨。根据文章第一段关键句“scientists who are known for their hard work are more motivating than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant”可知, 文章主要阐述的是那些以努力工作而闻名的科学家比那些天生才华横溢的科学家更能激励人心。而文章中又分别列举了Einstei
32、n和Edison两位科学家的例子, 根据文章内容可知, Einstein代指天生才华横溢的科学家, Edison代指以努力工作而闻名的科学家, 故可推断出D项“Einstein Is Less Encouraging Than Edison”能够表达文章主旨。. 完形填空(2020合肥高二检测)Many of us dream of making all the differenceearning a lot of money. A great scientist has achieved that big success and 1 all the money to help others.
33、 Professor Nicola Curtin of the University of Newcastle successfully 2 a new drug for cancer, but when the time came for her big 3, she chose to give some of the profits away to help the 4 people to make their life better. The drug Rubraca is the 5 of 30 years of research and helps people who have a
34、 gene known to lead to an increasing 6 of breast cancer. Rubraca helps target the cancerous cells so as to repair their DNA and finally 7 tumour cells (肿瘤细胞). The University of Newcastle 8 rights of the medication (药物)for $40. 8 million to a company, which is a pretty penny. Instead of 9 herself, Cu
35、rtin used her $1. 2 million share to 10 The Curtin PARP Fund. The fund 11 to help the disabled, the homeless, and anyone experiencing a disadvantage. It helps them to develop the skills to 12 difficulties so that they can get education or employment. “Those peoples 13 makes me think about life. I ha
36、ve 14 had everything that I need in life 15 there are many people who are leading a hard life. 16, through The Curtin PARP Fund, I want to leave a(n) 17 legacy (遗产)by helping them master the basic skills for life. And I feel 18 of what I have done. ” said Curtin. What Curtin has done tells that we c
37、an help others in many 19 by using our talent to help, and by 20 and offering much assistance, etc. 【文章大意】本文是夹叙夹议文。纽卡斯尔大学的Nicola Curtin教授成功地研制出了一种治疗癌症的新药, 她用得到的报酬建立了Curtin PARP基金, 帮助残疾人和穷人掌握基本的生活技能。Curtin所做的一切告诉我们, 我们可以通过自身才能, 伸出援手帮助别人。1. A. madeB. passedC. donatedD. showed【解析】选C。根据下文give some of th
38、e profits away to help the_people to make their life better. 可知是把部分利润捐赠去帮助别人。make制造; pass 经过, 穿过; donate捐赠; show显示, 表现。故选C。2. A. exchangedB. tookC. acceptedD. created【解析】选D。根据内容可知, 纽卡斯尔大学的Nicola Curtin教授成功地研制出了一种治疗癌症的新药。exchange交换; take拿, 取; accept接受, 接纳; create 创造, 建立。此处指创造出新药。故选D。3. A. payoffB. ce
39、lebrationC. eventD. benefit【解析】选A。 根据下文some of the profits, 可知, 因为Nicola Curtin研制了治癌新药, 所以获得了报酬。payoff报酬, 结果; celebration庆典, 庆祝; event 事件; benefit 利益, 好处。故选A。4. A. honestB. needyC. friendlyD. important【解析】选B。根据内容可知, 当她得到丰厚回报的时候, 她选择把一部分利润给了有需要的人, 使他们的生活更好。 honest诚实的, 实在的; needy贫困的, 贫穷的; friendly友好的,
40、 亲切的; important重要的。此处指把利润捐给需要帮助的穷人。故选B。5. A. instructionB. improvementC. chanceD. result【解析】选D。根据内容可知, 药品Rubraca是她30年研究的成果, 它可以帮助那些有导致乳腺癌风险增加的基因的人。 instruction 指令, 命令; improvement改进, 改善; chance 机会, 际遇; result成果, 结果。此处指治癌药品Rubraca是Nicola研究了30年的成果。故选D。6. A. viewB. riskC. causeD. fact【解析】选B。view观察, 视野;
41、 risk风险, 危险; cause原因, 事业; fact事实, 实际。此处指增加患乳腺癌的风险。故选B。7. A. makeB. studyC. removeD. catch【解析】选C。根据内容可知, Rubraca帮助靶向癌细胞, 修复DNA, 最终清除肿瘤细胞。make 制造, 使得; study学习, 研究; remove移除, 除去; catch捕捉, 赶上。此处指治癌新药Rubraca最终目标是清除肿瘤细胞。故选C。8. A. soldB. offered C. ensuredD. achieved【解析】选A。根据内容可知, 纽卡斯尔大学以4080万美元的价格把这种药物的使用
42、权卖给了一家公司。sell卖, 销售; offer提供; ensure确保; achieve取得, 获得。此处指出售药物Rubraca的使用权。故选A。9. A. helpingB. praisingC. protectingD. treating【解析】选D。根据内容可知, Curtin没有善待自己, 而是用她的120万美元股份建立了Curtin PARP基金。 Curtin把钱用于建立基金, 没有用于自身。help帮助; praise赞美; protect保护, 防护; treat款待, 对待。故选D。10. A. raiseB. presentC. establishD. obtain【
43、解析】选C。根据内容可知, 此处指建立Curtin PARP基金。 raise 提高, 筹集; present提出, 出现; establish建立, 创立; obtain 获得。故选C。11. A. aimsB. affordsC. beginsD. competes【解析】选A。根据内容可知, 该基金旨在帮助残疾人、无家可归者和任何处于不利地位的人。空后是设立基金的目的, aim to“目的在于”。故选A。12. A. avoidB. realizeC. overcomeD. experience【解析】选C。根据内容可知, 该基金帮助他们发展克服困难的技能, 这样他们就可以得到教育或就业
44、机会。avoid避免; realize实现; overcome克服; experience 经历。和difficulties搭配, 此处指帮助他们发展克服困难的技能。故选C。13. A. actionB. admirationC. shameD. situation【解析】选D。根据内容可知, 这些人的处境让我思考人生。 此处指残疾人、无家可归者和处于不利地位的人的生活境况很糟, 触动了Curtin。action 行动; admiration钦佩, 赞赏; shame 羞耻, 羞愧; situation情况, 形势。故选D。14. A. everB. neverC. stillD. alrea
45、dy【解析】选D。根据内容可知, 我已经拥有了我生活中所需要的一切, 但是还有很多人过着艰苦的生活。Curtin没有把钱留给自己是因为她认为自己已经拥有了生活中所需要的一切。故选D。15. A. butB. soC. thoughD. if【解析】选A。根据内容可知, 我已经拥有了我生活中所需要的一切, 但是还有很多人过着艰苦的生活。前后句是转折关系。故选A。16. A. MoreoverB. HoweverC. MeanwhileD. Therefore【解析】选D。根据内容可知, 因此, 通过Curtin PARP基金会, 我想通过帮助他们掌握基本的生活技能, 来给他们留下一份长久的遗赠。
46、moreover 而且, 此外; however然而; meanwhile其间, 同时; therefore因此, 所以。看到许多人还过着艰苦的生活是Curtin创建基金会的原因, 前后是因果关系。故选D。17. A. thankfulB. carefulC. lastingD. interesting【解析】选C。根据内容可知, 因此, 通过Curtin PARP基金会, 我想通过帮助他们掌握基本的生活技能, 来给他们留下一份长久的遗赠。thankful感谢的; careful 仔细的; lasting持久的, 长久的; interesting有趣的。掌握了基本生活技能就能维持生活, 这是长
47、久的生活保障。故选C。18. A. afraidB. proudC. sickD. sure【解析】选B。根据内容可知, 我为我所做的一切感到自豪。 Curtin用自己的钱创建了Curtin PARP基金, 帮助了需要帮助的人, 使他们能维持生活, 所以Curtin为所做的事自豪。故选B。19. A. aspectsB. waysC. purposesD. attempts【解析】选B。根据内容可知, Curtin所做的一切告诉我们, 我们可以通过我们的才能, 通过伸出援手和提供帮助等许多方式来帮助别人。aspect方面, 方向; way方式, 方法; purpose目的, 意志; attem
48、pt企图, 试图。句中列举的by using our talent to help, and by_and offering much assistance, 都是帮助别人的方式。故选B。20. A. reaching outB. setting offC. looking backD. giving up【解析】选A。根据内容可知, Curtin所做的一切告诉我们, 我们可以通过我们的才能, 通过伸出援手和提供帮助等许多方式来帮助别人。 reach out伸出; set off出发, 动身; look back回首, 回眸; give up放弃。此处指伸出援手。故选A。. 阅读填句(2020
49、青岛高二检测)From old times, crows (乌鸦) have been famous for their cleverness. They use tools, work out problems, and even enjoy playing. 1To make tools, crows cut off leaves with their “mouths”, shape them, and use them to look for bugs in wood or plants. 2 When the leaf isnt needed for the moment, the b
50、ird stores the tool at its feet or somewhere else. To test wild crows abilities to work out problems, scientists placed food outdoors in covered bowls. They watched with interest as the birds smartly opened the bowls to get the food. Scientists also found out that crows can make use of the traffic.
51、34 Young crows will carry a stick or nut into the air, drop it, and fly to catch the object as it falls. So just how smart are crows? Perhaps a crow will never do tricks as a dog will. 5A. Many people dont like crows. B. Besides, crows seem to enjoy playing. C. Crows are cleverer than many other bir
52、ds. D. Scientists have studied carefully how crows go about these activities. E. But scientists agree that theres a lot going on in the brain of a clever crow. F. Just as a carpenter carries his tools with him, a crow will carry its tool around. G. For example, crows would drop a nut on the road and
53、 wait for a car to run over the nut to break it. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过乌鸦制造工具、解决问题的能力和利用交通等说明乌鸦是聪明的动物。1. 【解析】选D。根据空前句“They use tools, work out problems, and even enjoy playing. ”可知, 科学家已经细心地研究乌鸦如何进行这些活动。选项中的these activities就是前文提到的use tools, work out problems, and even enjoy playing。故选D。2. 【解析】选F。根据空前句“
54、To make tools, crows cut off leaves with their “mouths”, shape them, and use them to look for bugs in wood or plants. ” 可知, 就像木匠携带他的工具一样, 乌鸦也会携带它的工具。前后句谈论的都和乌鸦制作工具有关, 此外tools是关键词。故选F。3. 【解析】选G。根据空前句“Scientists also found out that crows can make use of the traffic. ”可知, 乌鸦会把坚果扔在路上, 然后等着一辆车碾过坚果把它弄碎。选项
55、G是前文的具体说明, 此外traffic和car是关键词。故选G。4. 【解析】选B。根据空后句“Young crows will carry a stick or nut into the air, drop it, and fly to catch the object as it falls. ”可知, 此外, 乌鸦似乎喜欢玩耍。 下文是选项的一个具体例子。故选B。5. 【解析】选E。根据空前句“So just how smart are crows? Perhaps a crow will never do tricks as a dog will. ” 可知, 但是科学家们一致认为, 在乌鸦聪明的大脑里有很多想法。前面部分都谈论乌鸦聪明的话题, 且构成明显的转折关系, 此外clever和smart是关键词。故选E。
