1、虚 拟 语 气概念：虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、或推测。一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中虚拟条件从句(If)主 句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设过去式be-wereshould/would/could/might+dohad doneshould/would/could/might+have done过去式（be-were）should dowere to doshould/would/could/might+doIf you had studied hard before,you would have passed the exam
2、.（过去虚拟）1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议（现在虚拟）2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。（将来虚拟）3.如果你以前好好学习，你会通过考试的。If I were you,I would accept his advice.If it rained（should rain/were to rain）tomorrow,I would stay at home.You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.A.drove;didnt getB.drove;wouldnt getC.were driving;wouldnt getD.had
3、 driven;wouldnt have got1.if从句中，省略if，were，had，should可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），否定词not不能放在前面。1.If I were you,I would accept his advice.2.If it should rain tomorrow,I would stay at home.3.If you had studied hard before,you would have passed the exam.Had you studied hard before,Were I you,Should it rain tomorrow,
4、._ it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will If it should rain tomorrow(省略if，用部分倒装）2.错综时间虚拟语气当从句与主句时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。If you _(follow)my advice just now,you _(be)better now.If you _(study)hard before,you _(be)a college student
5、 now.had followedwould behad studiedwould beIf you _ with George earlier,you _ so angry now.A.talked;would not beB.had talked;would not beC.would talk;would not beD.had talked;would not have beenIf we had taken such effective measures much earlier,the river _ so seriously now.A.is not pollutedB.woul
6、d not be pollutedC.had not been pollutedD.would not have been polluted3、含蓄虚拟语气在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有otherwise，or，without，but for（倘没有，要不是）等。1.I was ill that day.Otherwise,I would have taken part in the sports meeting.=If I hadnt been ill that day,I would have taken part in the sport
7、s meeting.2.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday,or I would have known nothing about it.3.Without/But for your help,we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.=If it had not been for your help,Without electricity,human being life _ quite different today.A.isB.will beC.would have beenD.wo
8、uld beBut for his help,I _.A.should not have succeededB.have not succeededC.did not succeedD.had not succeededHe hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball,otherwise he _ a goal.A.had scoredB.scoredC.would scoreD.would have scoredIt is strange that_.他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。It is necessary that_.有必要派他去北京。二、
9、虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用1，Its necessary/strange/natural/important/impossible that 主语+(should)+动词原形he(should)say sohe be sent to Beijing2.It is a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder that 主语+(should)+V原形It is a great pity that_.他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。he(should)think so3.It is/was suggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/（1234）
10、+that+主语+(should)+V原形Its suggested that the plan should be carried out.It is suggested that_.有人建议，晚会周六举行。the party（should）beheld on Saturday一个坚持 insisted 两道命令 ordered,commanded三条建议 advised,suggested,proposed四点要求 demanded,required,requested,desired1.It is required that you _ at six.A.will arrive B.ar
11、rive C.arrived D.would arrive2.It is strange that the lazy boy _ pass the exam.A.has B.should C.would D.might 3.It is necessary that our drinking water _ cleaner.A.should be made B.is made C.would be made D.was made三.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用1.在wish 引导的宾语从句中与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来 事实相反过去时（were）过去完成时、had+donecould hav
12、e done Should/would/could/might+动词原形I wish(that)he_(visit)us tomorrow.I wish(that)he_(visit)us today.I wish he_(visit)us yesterday.would visitvisitedhad visited I wish I _ the meeting last week.A.could attend B.attended C.have attended D.had attended2.在表示坚持，要求,命令,建议的宾语从句中一个坚持 _两个命令 _三个建议 _四个要求 _ +th
13、at 主语+（should）+V原形The doctor suggested that he(should)try（try）to lose his weight.He insisted that we(should)tell（tell）him the news.insist order,commandadvise,suggest,propose demand,require,request,desire 注意：suggest:表明，暗示 陈述语气建议虚拟语气Her pale face suggested that she _（be)ill.Her friends suggested that
14、she _(send)to hospital immediately.Insist：坚持说，陈述语气坚持要求虚拟语气He insisted that he _(not steal)the money.He insisted that he _ (set)free.was(should)be senthadnt stolen(should)be set3.在 would rather宁愿 would preferwould sooner +宾语从句中had rather would as soon与现在或将来事实相反过去时动词过去式/were与过去事实相反过去完成时had doneI would
15、 rather you _(come)here now.I would rather you _(come)here tomorrow.I would rather you _(not tell)me the truth yesterday.camehadnt toldcame四、虚拟语气的其他用法1.as if/as though（好像）+从句(与wish一样)if only(要是就好了）If only I _(be)a birdIf only you _（listen)to our advice!If only I _（be）a superstar some day.He looks as
16、 if he _an artist.He talked about the accident as if he _it.werehad listenedwould bewerehad seen2.It is(high/about)time+(that)从句动词过去式should（不可省略）+do该是某人做某事的时候了。It is high time that you got up/should get up.Im getting tired;its time we _ home.A.go B.are going C.went D.should be going 3、在for fear that
17、,in case,lest引导的从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：（should）+do。并且should能省略（for fear that，lest），in case不能省略 She examined the door again for fear that a thief _ (come)in.她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。He started out earlier lest he _ (be)late.他早早的就出发了以防迟到。(should)come(should)be 4、在so that/in order that 所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为：may(migh
18、t)can(could)+do should He goes closer to the speaker so that he _him clearer.(hear)他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。He read the letter carefully in order that he _ a word.(miss)他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个字。can hearshould not miss 5.用于“May+主语+动词原形+其他”May you have a long and happy life！祝您快乐长寿！May you make greater progress!祝你取得更大进步！6.supposing /providing 假如，如果even if /even through 即使的虚拟与 if 相同 7.情态动词+have done (1)could/might have done 表示过去本来可以(能够)做某事，但实际上没有做到。(2)should(ought to)have done“本应该”，表示过去应该做而没做(3)neednt have done 必要做某事，但实际做了8.(1234)名词后定语从句-陈述语气同位、表语从句虚拟语气Homework:完型江海名师同步练习
