1、倒装句一.概说 1.通常英语中句子的顺序是主语+谓语，这是正常语序，但是为了句子语法结构的需要，把谓语或其他成分放在主语之前，叫做“倒装语序”.2.倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装.二.全部倒装 谓语动词全部位于主语之前的，叫“全部倒装”，也叫“完全倒装”.用法如下：1.地点介词短语作状语位于句首时，主语为名词，且谓语动词为不及物动词的陈述句，句子用全部倒装,常用动词有be,lie,stand等，倒装方法如下：地点介词短语+谓语+主语（名词）At the foot of the hill lies a lake.Beside the village stand many hills.In the f
2、ront of the house sits a little boy.Under the table sleeps a brown cat.2.由副词here,there,now,then,away,down,in,up,off,out,under,back等开头的句子，且主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装，谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run等.倒装方法如下：以上副词+谓语+主语（名词）Here comes the bus.车来了.Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了.There goes the train.火车开走了.注意：如果句子中的主语不是名词，而是人称代词，
3、主语和谓语语序不变，如下：地点介词短语/副词+主语（代词）+谓语The girl went away.Away went the girl.Away she went.She went away.3.当表语位于句首时，其倒装结构为：“表语+连系动词+主语”，表示强调.Hanging on the wall is a painting.Near our school are many shops.Present at the meeting are the scientists from all over the world.来自全世界的科学家出席了这次会议.4.there be句型是全部倒装（
4、其中be动词可换成exist,lie,live,remain,stand,appear,used to等.）Once upon a time,there lived a prince.There exist many serious problems.There used to be many fish in the lake.三.部分倒装只有一部分位于主语之前，其他成分留在主语之后的，叫部分倒装.（一）部分谓语倒装只有一部分，通常是be动词、助动词或情态动词等位于主语之前，其他谓语留在主语后的，叫部分倒装.1.否定词或否定短语放句首时，句子用部分倒装，常用的否定词有：no,not,never
5、,never before，seldom,hardly,barely,scarcely,little,few,nowhere,at no time,in no time,by no means=in no case=in no way(立刻)倒装方法：否定词+助/情/be+主语+谓语其它部分如原句中无助动词，根据时态和人称，在主语前加did/do/does,原谓语变成原形留在原位置.否定词+did/do/does+主语+do Never did I think so.Not a word did she say.Nowhere did/could I find the wallet.By no
6、 means shall I change my mind.几种特殊用法1).Hardly/Scarcely No sooner when than 一.就 Hardly had I entered the room when the phone rang.+had+主语+done+一般过去时句子2).not onlybut also.前倒后不倒 Not only did he cleaned the room,but also he cooked some dishes.3).not until.后倒前不倒（主句倒装）Not until a week later did he realize
7、 the painting was lost.2.only+状语，位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，倒装方法同上.副词 Only+介词短语+主句（倒装）状语从句 Only then did I know where he came from.Only by working hard can we succeed.Only when one is away from home does he realize how nice home is.3.在so/suchthat句型中,so/such的部分位于句首时，用部分倒装，that后的句子不倒装，方法同上.The work is so hard that
8、 nobody can do it.=So hard is the work that So loudly did he speak that everyone can hear him.Such a serious mistake did he make that he was punished.4.so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语，表示一种肯定情况适用于另一个人 neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语，表示一种否定情况适用于另一个人e.g.-I like reading -So does he.(二).其它成分的部分倒装1.as引导的让步状语从句，需要倒装，此时，a
9、s可用 though替换，方法如下：1).n(其前无冠词)/adj.+as/though+主语+系动词，+主句 Child as he was,he had to make a living.Pretty as he is,she is not clever.Old man as he is,he is in good health.2).副词+as/though+主语+谓语，+主句 Fast as he ran,he couldnt catch up with me.3).动词原形+as/though+主语+谓语，+主句 Try as he may,he will never succeed.2.no matter how however No matter how difficult the task is,I will finish it.However hard he worked,he didnt satisfy his boss.+adj./adv.+主语+谓语,+主句几种特殊用法1).Hardly/Scarcely+had+主语+done+when+过去时句子No sooner+.+than+.一.就.
