1、考点规范练16 Unit 1 Women of achievement.阅读理解A(2019云南高三第二次检测)“Acting is the least mysterious of all crafts,”Marion Brando once said.But for scientists,working out what is going on in an actors head has always been something of a puzzle.Now,researchers have said actors show different patterns of brain act
2、ivity depending on whether they are in character or not.Dr Steven Brown,from McMaster University in Canada,said,“It looks like when you are acting,you are suppressing(压制) yourself;almost like the character is possessing you.”Dr Brown and his colleagues report how 15 actors,mainly theatre students,we
3、re trained to take on a Shakespeare roleeither Romeo or Julietin a theatre workshop.They were then invited into the laboratory,where their brains were scanned in a series of experiments.Once inside the MRI scanner,the actors were asked to answer a number of questions,such as:would they go to the par
4、ty?And would they tell their parents that they had fallen in love?Each actor was asked to respond to different questions,based on two different premises(前提).In one,they were asked for their own perspective,while in the other,they were asked to respond as though they were either Romeo or Juliet.The r
5、esults revealed that the brain activity differed depending on the situation being tested.The team found that when the actors were in character,they use some third-person knowledge or inferences about their character.The team said they also found additional reduction in activity in two regions of the
6、 prefrontal cortex(前额皮质) linked to the sense of self compared with when the actors were responding as themselves.However,Philip Davis,a professor at the University of Liverpool,was unimpressed by the research,saying acting is about far more than “pretending” to be someoneit involves embodying(体现) th
7、e text and language.1.How did Dr Browns team conduct their research?A.By scanning the brain activity of some actors.B.By doing a survey with some theatre goers.C.By interviewing some theatre teachers.D.By consulting some experienced researchers.2.What is the finding of Dr Browns research?A.Acting is
8、 not as mysterious as people think.B.Actors brain activity differs when they are acting.C.Acting is far more than pretending to be the character.D.Actors brain activity is more active when they are in character.3.How did Philip Davis react to the research?A.He supported it.B.He doubted it.C.He expla
9、ined it.D.He advocated it.4.What is the text mainly about?A.A debate of how the brain functions.B.A play written by Shakespeare.C.A research on the brain activity of actors.D.A report of the cooperation of scientists and actors.B(2016全国)You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have hear
10、d of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?JaneAddams (1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of commun
11、ity(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.RachelCarson (1907-1964)If it werent for Rachel Carson,the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book SilentSpring
12、raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.SandraDayOConnor (1930-present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School,in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a wom
13、an.She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and,in 1981,the first woman to join the U.S.Supreme Court.OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.RosaParks (1913-2005)On December 1,1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a
14、bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year,and kicked off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was,was tired of giving in,”said Parks.5.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A.Her social work.
15、B.Her teaching skills.C.Her efforts to win a prize.D.Her community background.6.What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A.Her lack of proper training in law.B.Her little work experience in court.C.The discrimination against women.D.The poor financial conditions.7.Who made a g
16、reat contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A.Jane Addams.B.Rachel Carson.C.Sandra Day OConnor.D.Rosa Parks.8.What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A.They are highly educated.B.They are truly creative.C.They are pioneers.D.They are peace-lovers.七选五阅读It was the first
17、day of school,1961.Five-year-old Mae Carol Jemison was a confident kindergartner who could already read.When her teacher asked her,“1”Mae replied:“A scientist.”Her teacher looked surprised:Not many women became scientists then,and certainly few black women.2Maes love for science took her to the libr
18、ary.She read books about the universe.3 In sixth grade she read AWrinkleinTime and TheArmoftheStarfish.“Those books stand out because they had women scientists and girl heroines,”Mae remembers.4She was active in student government,acted in plays,and studied dance.“In dance class,I grew stronger and
19、gained an appreciation for hard work,physical strength,and grace (优雅),”she says.In college,Mae studied the physical and social sciences,and learned to speak Russian and the African language Swahili.She earned a degree in chemical engineering and African studies.After college,she studied medicine for
20、 four years,and became a medical doctor.5 She trained in Texas,learning about space exploration.She worked for NASA,and waited for a shuttle assignment.When the space shuttle Endeavour went into orbit in 1992,Mae became the first African-American woman to orbit the earth.Mae looked down from the shu
21、ttle and saw Chicago.She remembered visiting the library,making science fair projects,and dancing.“I felt like I belonged right there in space,”she remembers.A.She also enjoyed science fiction books.B.But that was Maes first and only choice.C.Books werent the only way Mae learned.D.What do you want
22、to be when you grow up?E.What do you know about your hero and why?F.Astronauts arent born;they go to school like everyone else.G.In 1987,Mae was accepted into NASAs astronaut program.书面表达(2019全国)假定你是李华,暑期在伦敦学习,得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者,内容包括:1.写信目的;2.个人优势;3.能做的事情。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.结束
23、语已为你写好。Dear Sir/Madam,_Yours,Li Hua考点规范练16(必修4Unit1).【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了一项对于演员大脑活动的研究。现在,研究人员表示,演员的大脑活动模式不同,取决于他们是否扮演角色。1.A推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句和第五段的第一句“OnceinsidetheMRIscanner,theactorswereaskedtoansweranumberofquestions,suchas:wouldtheygototheparty?”可知,Brown博士的团队是通过扫描一些演员的大脑活动进行他们的研究的。2.B细节理解题。根据第七
24、段可知,大脑活动的不同取决于所测试的情境。当演员在扮演角色时,他们会使用一些第三人称知识或对角色的推断。由此可知Brown博士的研究发现,演员在表演时大脑活动是不同的。3.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However,PhilipDavis,.wasunimpressedbytheresearch,sayingactingisaboutfarmorethanpretendingtobesomeoneitinvolvesembodyingthetextandlanguage.”可知,PhilipDavis对这项研究持怀疑态度。4.C主旨大意题。第二段“Now,researchershavesa
25、idactorsshowdifferentpatternsofbrainactivitydependingonwhethertheyareincharacterornot.(现在,研究人员表示,演员的大脑活动模式不同,取决于他们是否扮演角色。)”是全文的主旨句。结合全文内容可知,这篇文章主要介绍了一项对于演员大脑活动的研究。【解题导语】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了过去一百年中出现的四位伟大的女性,她们分别在社会工作、环境保护、法律事务、民权运动等方面做出了卓越的贡献。5.A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句内容可知,JaneAddams在历史上出名是因为她在社会工作方面做出了伟大的贡献。6.C细节理解题
26、。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“.becauseshewasawoman.”可知,OConnor不能在律师事务所找到工作是因为当时的社会对女性存在性别歧视。7.D细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“.andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.”可知,对美国的民权运动做出伟大贡献的是RosaParks。8.C推理判断题。文章主要介绍了过去的一百年中出现的四位伟大女性,她们的共同特点是在某个领域起到了先驱的作用。.【解题导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了史上第一位非洲裔美国女性的航天梦想成真的故事。1.D由下文的“Ascientist.”可以推断,老师是在问梅的梦想是什么
27、。2.BB项与上文的“Notmanywomenbecamescientiststhen,andcertainlyfewblackwomen.”是转折关系。3.A由本段首句可知,对科学的爱好使梅走进了图书馆,阅读各种与科学相关的书籍。故A项最恰当。4.CC项在此起承上启下的作用:上段讲梅通过阅读学习科学知识;下文讲她通过学生会的活动、话剧、跳舞等提高自己。5.GG项与下文的“ShetrainedinTexas,learningaboutspaceexploration.SheworkedforNASA.”相呼应。.DearSir/Madam,IamLiHua,astudentfromChinaf
28、orfurtherstudyinLondonthissummervacation.LearningfromthenoticethatyourlocalartmuseumisrecruitingsomevolunteersforanexhibitionofChinesepaintings,Igotdesperatelydelightedandthrilled.AndIamnowwritingtoapplyforthisposition.Ivebeenlongingforachancetoofferserviceinsuchafantasticplatformsoastoenhancemyorga
29、nizationabilityaswellascommunicationskills.Beingactive,enthusiasticandenergetic,Iamconfidenttobecompetentforthevoluntarywork.Furthermore,mypreviousexperienceasavolunteerenablesmetobequalifiedforthepositionwithlesstraining.Mostimportantly,asaChinese,IhavebeenexposedtoChinesecultureespeciallyChinesepaintingssinceIwasalittlechild,soIamconvincedthatIcanmakeavividdescriptionoftheprofoundmeaningbehindthosemasterpiecestothevisitors.IdohopethatIcanmeetyourrequirements.Iwouldbemuchobligedifyoucouldreplytomeatyourearliestconvenience.Yours,LiHua
