1、Vocabulary&Vocabulary&Grammar&FunctionGrammar&Function VocabularyRead,learn and match.Read,learn and match.apartment autumn elevator fall first floor flashlightflat garbage ground floorgasholidaylift stand in line lorry pavement petrol queue rubbish sidewalk torch truck vacationBritish EnglishAmeric
2、an EnglishBritish EnglishAmerican Englishflatapartmentautumnfallliftelevatorground floorfirst floortorchflashlightKeys:British EnglishAmerican Englishrubbishgarbagepetrolgasholidayvacationqueue upstand in linelorrytruckpavementsidewalkRewrite the sentences using British words.1.We really like going
3、on vacation in the fall.We like going on holiday in the autumn very much.2.You dont need to take the elevator.Our apartment is on the first floor.You dont need to use the lift.Our flat is on the ground floor.3.Did you see that truck come out of the gas station?Did you see that lorry come out of the
4、petrol station?4.Pass me a flashlight,Eddie.Ive lost my wallet.Pass me a torch,Eddie.Ive lost my wallet.Grammarreview of verb formsComplete the sentences with the correct form of the words.1.All languages _ over a period of time.2.English _ very rapidly.3.How many people _ Chinese?4.I _American Engl
5、ish is very different from British English.change develop speak think watch grow studychangeis developingspeakdont think5.Millions of people _ satellite TV every day.6.The percentage of non-English web pages _.7.What languages _ people _ in China?8.What _ you _this year?watchis growingdostudyarestud
6、ying现在时态主要包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时和现在完成进行时。本模块主要复习了前三种时态。下面就近年来高考试题中出现的这三种时态的考点进行归纳。现在时态用法归纳，总结【考例1】The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.(辽宁2006)A.is going B.go C.goes D.are going【考例2】The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold fro
7、nt _ to arrive.(2008全国卷I)A.is expectedB.is expecting C.expects D.will be expected【考例3】The house belongs to my aunt but she _ here any more.(2006全国卷I)A.hasnt lived B.didnt live C.hadnt lived D.doesnt live【考例4】Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea,which _ the Pacific,and we met
8、no storms.(辽宁2005)A.was called B.is called C.had been called D.has been called【自我归纳】1.一般现在时可以用来表示_的动作，如考例1；2.在时间、条件、让步状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来时，如_;3.一般现在时可以用来表示现在的情况或状态，如考例3；经常性、习惯性考例24.一般现在时可以用来表示_,如考例4；5.另外，一般现在时还可以用来表示主语的特征、性格或能力；还可用于begin，come，leave，go，arrive,start,stop,return等转移动词，表示按计划、规定、时刻安排好的要发生的动作
9、。普遍真理和客观存在的事实【考例5】Whats that noise?Oh,I forgot to tell you.The new machine _.(浙江2008)A.was tested B.will be tested C.is being tested D.has been tested【考例6】Teenagers _ their health because they play computer games too much.(重庆2008)A.have damaged B.are damaging C.damaged D.will damage【考例7】Ladies and g
10、entlemen,please fasten your seat belts.The plane _.(福建2006)A.takes off B.is taking off C.has taken off D.took off【自我归纳】1.现在进行时表示说话时_的动作，如考例5；2.现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行的动作，如_；3.现在进行时也可用于begin，come，leave，go,arrive,start,stop,return等转移动词，表示按计划、安排、打算要发生的动作，如考例7。考例6正在进行或发生【考例8】So far this year we _ a fall in house
11、 prices by between 5 and 10 percent.(福建2008)A.saw B.see C.had seen D.have seen【考例9】Though we dont know what was discussed,yet we can feel the topic _.(陕西2008)A.had changed B.will change C.was changed D.has been changed【考例10】I like these English songs and they _ many times on the radio.(安徽2008)A.taug
12、ht B.have taught C.are taught D.have been taught【考例11】_ leave at the end of this month.I dont think you should do that until _ another job.(北京2006)A.Im going to;youd found B.Im going to;youve found C.Ill;youll find D.Ill;youd find【自我归纳】现在完成时表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)的动作或
13、状态。现在完成时可以和以下时间状语连用：till now，up to now,so far,in the past/last.years,these few.，for.,since.等，如_；考例82.现在完成时可以和already,yet,before,recently,lately等表示不确定的过去的时间状语连用,如考例9；3.现在完成时还可以和表示_的时间状语连用,如:often,sometimes,rarely,ever,never,once,.times等，如考例10；4.另外,现在完成时还可以用在_或条件状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的动作,如考例11。时间频度【即学即练】翻译下列
14、句子。1.我们见面时我会和你讨论此事。2.对不起,你不能把这本字典拿走。我正在用它。Ill discuss this matter with you when we meet.Sorry,you cant take the dictionary away.Im using it.3.当我完成这本书的时候我会给你写信。Ill write to you when I have finished the book.Activity 3 on p 5.Complete the sentences with since and for.1.English grammar has not changed
15、much _ the time of Shakespeare.2.The American spelling system has existed _ about 200 years.3.I have been studying English _ I was in primary school.sincesincefor4.We have an American teacher.He has been here _ January.5.CNN has been on the air _ more than 20 years.6.Monita Raipal has worked for CNN
16、 _ the year 2000.sinceforsince一.现在完成时既可以与since引导的时间状语从句连用，又可以与since构成的短语连用。1.since作连词，后跟句子，它所表示的时间是“从某一点开始”。若从句谓语为终止性动词，主句的时间则从这一“时刻”算起。由since和for构成的句子或短语是现在完成时的常用状语。现就它们的用法作以下归纳。如:He has lived here since he lefts Shanghai.若从句为延续性或状态性动词，则从其动作结束“那点”算起。例如：(1)It is six years since he was a teacher.(2)(
17、2)I havent heard from her since she(3)lived there.2.since作介词，后跟表示时间的名词，必须是表示“时间的一点”，不能表示时间的一段。例如：He has taught at this school since 1965.二.现在完成时与介词for构成的短语连用。1.介词for构成的短语，表示时间的长度，后跟一段时间，不能跟时间的一点。例如：(1)We have studied English for two years.(2)They have known each other for five years.2.终止性动词不能与表示一段时间
18、的介词for连用，但它的否定式可与介词for连用。例如：1)I have not received his letter for two2)months.2)He has had the dictionary for two weeks.(buy 用 have代替)3)My father has been in the Party for ten years.(join 用 be in)Complete the sentences with since and for.1.English grammar has not changed much _ the time of Shakespear
19、e.2.The American spelling system has existed _ about 200 years.3.I have been studying English _ I was in primary school.4.We have an American teacher.He has been here _ January.5.CNN has been on the air _ more than 20 year.6.Monita Raipal has worked for CNN _ the year 2000.sincesincesincesincesinces
20、incesincesinceforforforfor1.I like Leeds because theres more going on here than back home in the States.2.Since English is spoken all over the world,there are lots of varieties.3.As I was the only British person in the school,they made a fuss of me.4.Im getting on just fine,now that I understand the
21、 local accent.Function:Giving reasonsUnderline the words which introduce reason.1.Which word do we use more often to introduce a reason?2.Which expression shows that a situation has changed?3.Which two words often come at the beginning of a sentence?BecauseNow thatSince and asAnswer the questions1)b
22、ecause语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题,是句子中的重要部分,常放在句末,不能用其它三个替换。逗号可加可不加。You can trust those products becausethe quality never changes.I havent been to the cinema lately,because I am too busy.because,since,as,for 辨析2)当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或 since。since稍正式一些。Since/As the weather is so bad,we have to delay
23、our journey.3)由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。He is absent today,because/for he is ill.He must be ill,for he is absent today.4)当because引导的从句与否定的主句连用,而主句又位于句首时,之前不用逗号,因为主句动词否定的是其后的全部内容。为了突出because从句,because前常加上副词,如:just,only,simply,chiefly等。You should not despise
24、a man just because he is poorly dressed.She is not marrying Bill,because he is poor.Complete the sentences with because,since/as or now that.1.It is useful to learn English _it is spoken all over the world.2._ they see lots of American films,the British are used to American accents.because/asSince/As3.Americans like the British accent _ they think it is cute.4.Its easier to compare British and American English _ we have the Internet.becausenow thatHomework Activities 1,2,3 and 4 on p 67.
