1、1claim v.1)(根据权利)要求；认领；索赔Did you claim on the insurance after your car accident?你的车子出事之后，你要求领保险金了吗？I claimed the coat that the teacher found.我认领了老师找到的外套。2)声称；自称；主张He clamied that he hadnt done it,but I didnt believe him.他声称没有做这件事，可是我不相信他。Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in
2、 the sea.渔夫和水手有时声称看到过海里的怪物。n.1)(依据权利的)要求They made a claim for higher pay.他提出了更高报酬的要求。2)权利The poor have a claim to our sympathy.穷人值得我们同情。3)声明；声称The governments claim that the war was necessary was clearly mistaken.政府声称战争是必然的，这说法显然是错误的。4)索赔The insurance company cannot meet such enormous claims.保险公司不能支
3、付如此巨额的赔款。知识拓展claimable adj.可要求的；可索赔的claimee n.被索赔人claimer n.索赔者；申请者have a claim on/to 有对的要求权raise a claim 提出(所有权的)要求make a claim to 认为是属于自己的make a claim for 对(赔偿等)提出要求即学即用(1)Many people claimed_flying saucers.AseeingBhaving seenCto have seen Dto see(2)Every citizen in a democratic country may_the pr
4、otection of the law.Adeclare BclaimCask Dannounce答案：(1)C(2)B2calm adj.平静的The high wind passed and the sea was calm again.大风过后，大海又恢复了风平浪静。比较级：calmer；最高级：calmest辨析：calm,quiet,silent与stillcalm指物体不激烈运动，多用于天气、海洋等；亦指人的思想、情绪稳定，不受感情或激情的干扰，强调镇静。quiet主要指相对地没有明显的吵闹或骚乱的一种静的状态；用于人时，指人性情温和、文静，但也指人的悠闲。silent指没有影响，
5、如人的沉默不语或环境的寂静；指人时强调沉默。still指寂然不动，鸦雀无声，完全没有声响。多用于描绘景物，亦可指人或动物。强调静止。即学即用He did what he could_the girl.Acalm Bto calmCcalmed Dcalming答案：B3action n.行动；行为take action 采取行动Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。bring into action 使行动起来go into action 行动起来in action 在运转；在战斗中即学即用He insisted that the situation i
6、s got good and we_.Amust take action Btake actionCtaking action Dtook action答案：B4cover v.1)vt.占据；覆盖；走完；看完；报道；涉及The big garden covers an area of more than 100 mu.这个大花园占地一百多亩。The mountain is covered with snow all the year around.山上终年被雪覆盖。The review covered everything we learned last term.这次复习包括上学期我们所学
7、的全部课程。She covered 1 000 metres in less than 4 minutes.她在不到4分钟的时间内走了1 000米。He was sent to Greece to cover the Olympics.他被派往希腊报道奥运会的情况。2)n.遮盖物；盖子；罩子；(图书、杂志的)封面We have protected the bike with a plastic waterproof cover.我们已经用塑料防水蓬保护好了那辆自行车。知识拓展be covered with 盖满；覆盖；充满(羞愧，慌乱等)cover up 完全盖住；盖好from cover t
8、o cover 从头到尾一页不漏under cover 在遮蔽处；附在信中；秘密地；暗中under the cover of 在的掩护下；打着的幌子高考直击(2009山 东)Do you have enough to_allyour daily expenses?Oh yes,enough and to spare.Acover BspendCfill Doffer解析：本题考查词义辨析。cover此处为动词，意为“(钱)足够的”。答案：A即学即用The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _the desert.Acovering B
9、coveredCcover Dto cover答案：A5dive v.1)下潜；潜入；跳水He dived from the bridge and rescued the drowning child.他从桥上跳到水里，救起了那个快要溺死的小孩。2)跳入；冲进；窜进The eagle dived down on the rabbit.那只雄鹰向免子猛扑了下来。The goalie dived for the ball,but missed it.守门员一个鱼跃向球扑去，可是没有扑到。3)突然下降；暴跌The share price dived from 49p to an alltime lo
10、w of 40p.股价从49便士暴跌到40便士的历史最低位。知识拓展make a dive for 向冲去take a dive 突然下降；(市价)暴跌dive in(头朝下)跳进水里；开始吃；猛吃dive into 跳入；钻进；冲进；钻研；埋头于即学即用The moment the tiger saw the fox,he made a dive_it.Ato BatCfor Din答案：C6deep adj.深的；深厚的She showed deep feelings for her own country.她对祖国表现出深厚的感情。adv.深深地We often work deep in
11、to the night.我们经常工作到深夜。知识拓展deep与deeply两词都用作副词时，deep用本义“深”，deeply用引申义“深深地”。即学即用He worked very hard until_into the night.Adeeply BdeepClately Dlater答案：B1be likely to 很可能He is likely to be the best poet here.他很可能是这儿最好的诗人。1)反义短语：be unlikely to 不可能2)likely是以ly结尾的形容词，其他常见的以ly结尾的形容词：daily(每日的；日常的)；weekly(每
12、星期的；一周的)；monthly(每月的)；yearly(每年的)；early(早的)；friendly(友好的)；deadly(致命的)；lovely(可爱的)；lonely(孤独的)；lively(活泼的)；brotherly(兄弟般的)；sisterly(姐妹般的)；silly(傻的)；ugly(丑陋的)；elderly(上年纪的)；oily(多油的)高考直击(2010陕 西 卷，22)Studies show that people are more_to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer scre
13、ens for long hours.Alikely BpossibleCprobable Dsure解析：句意：研究表明如果人们长时间坐在电脑屏幕前，他们更可能遭受一些背部问题。A、B、C三个选项中只有likely 的主语可以是人；而D项sure 不符合句意。答案：A即学即用He is_to won the match.AlikelyBprobableCpossibleDpossibly答案：A2be similar to 与类似/相似His problem is similar to yours.他的问题和你的相似。知识拓展1)similar意为“相像的”；“类似的”；无比较级，可作前置定
14、语。表示“某物与另一物相似”，similar后接介词to；表示在“某方面相似”，similar后用介词in。2)similar与like,same的意思比较接近。但也有较明显的差别。like作形容词时，意思是指人或物相似到难以区分的地步。same指同一个人或物，也指在性质等方面完全相同的不同事物。similar指相似但不完全一致。3)similar的名词是similarity，作不可数名词时，意为“相似性”“类似性”，后常接介词between,in,to，with。similarity作可数名词时，意为“类似处”；“相似事例”。即学即用Plants and trees need water t
15、o grow,_(相似地),friendships need our heart and passion to develop.答案：similarly1The director of a local tourist office,Meng Fanying,said the monster,which seemed to be black in colour,was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting.据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎介绍，最近有人看见怪物就在离湖边十米的地方，怪物的颜色似乎是黑色
16、的。1)Meng Fanying作the director of a local tourist office的同位语，指同一个人；said后面是宾语从句，从句的主语是the monster，谓语是was ten metres from the edge of the lake。during the most recent sighting在从句中充当状语；which引导定语从句，修饰monster，which在定语从句中作主语。2)seem linkv.好像；似乎；仿佛知识拓展1)后跟形容词或名词作表语He seems a soldier.他好像是一个士兵。2)后跟不定式You seem t
17、o have caught a cold.You should go to see a doctor.你好像感冒了，应该去看医生。3)用于It seems that/as if.句型中It seems that he is telling lies.他好像在说谎。4)用于There seems.句型中There seems to be something wrong with my bike.我的自行车好像有毛病。5)用于It seems介词短语结构中It seems like years since I last saw you.从我上次看见你到现在好像几年了。辨析：seem,appear与
18、lookseem暗示判断有一定根据，比较接近事实。appear强调外表给人的印象，但事实不一定如此。look往往指外貌，目所能及，其后不跟不定式或that从句，但可用于It looks as if.结构中。即学即用He seems_the truth.Otherwise,he would not be so angry.Ato have known BknowCknowing Dto be knowing答案：A2 In another recent sighting,a group of soldiers claim they saw an animal moving on the surf
19、ace of the water.最近另有一次，一群战士证实：他们看见湖的水面上有东西在流动。本句使用了现在分词moving作宾语补足语，表示动作的正在进行，如果宾语与后面的宾语补足语存在逻辑上的主谓关系，且宾补所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，宾补就用现在分词，常见的用现在分词作宾补的 结 构 有：get/leave/keep/catch/have sb.doing;see/find/watch/feel/hear/listen to/discover sb.doing等。When I came in,I found him lying in bed.我进来时发现他正躺在床上。He
20、 kept me waiting the whole morning.他让我等了整整一上午。注意：如果把上述结构变为被动语态(get,have,feel除外)，则原来作宾补的现在分词就变成主补。The girl was caught stealing.这女孩偷东西时被抓住了。高考直击(2010湖 南 卷，21)Listen!Do you hear someone _ for help?Acalling BcallCto call Dcalled解析：句意：听！你听见有人在呼救吗？hear sb.do sth.听见某人干过某事；hear sb.doing sth.，听见某人正在干某事。答案：A即
21、学即用(2009厦门模拟)A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_in the kitchen.Asmoke BsmokingCto smoke Dsmoked答案：B3He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他说他看见圆形黑色的东西在湖面快速潜入水中。本句使用了不定式的完成式to have seen表示动作的完成。这种结构主要有下述几种方法：1)表示该动作或状态发生在谓语动作发生的时间之前。常见于下列结构中：(1)用作主
22、语或宾语Its my pleasure to have attended your lecture last night.昨晚能听你的报告是我的荣幸。(主语)(2)用于形容词后作原因状语Im sorry not to have come to your help last night.(Im sorry I didnt.)很抱歉昨晚没能来帮你。(3)用于seem,appear,happen,chance,pretend等动词之后They seem/appear to have known the fact.(It seems/appears that they have known the f
23、act.)他们好像已经知道了真相。(4)用于“besaid/thought/considered/reported/believed.”之后There is said to have been many people waiting to see him when he arrived.(Its said that there had been.)据说他到达的时候已经有很多人在等着见他了。(5)用于“besure/certain/likely.”之后You are sure to have known each other before.你们以前一定相互认识。2)用 于 hoped/wishe
24、d/wanted/expected/meant/planned等，以及promised/was/were/would like之后，表示未曾实现的希望或计划等。I hoped to have gone to his help yesterday,but I was too busy then.昨天我本想去帮他的，可我太忙了。3)用于表示“希望”等含义的动词的现在时之后，表示到将来某时，某事已发生或完成。I mean to have covered half of the story by ten oclock tonight.我打算今晚十点前看完故事的一半。4)用于情态动词ought之后，多表
25、示对已发生的事的评论：ought to have done表 示“本 该 做 却 未 做”；oughtnt to have done表示“本不该做却做了”。You oughtnt to have helped him yesterday.昨天你本不该帮他的。高考直击(2007辽宁)The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang,who was reported_the world record in the 110meter hurdle race.Abreaking Bhaving brokenCto have broken Dto break解析：sb./sth.is reported to do sth.为常用的表达方式，to do不能用doing形式，“打破世界记录”是已经发生的事情，故用不定式的完成式。答案：C即学即用(2006湖北)AIDS is said_the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.Athat it is Bto beCthat it has been Dto have been答案：D
