1、2021高考英语一轮复习语法考点代词、介词和冠词专练（三）一、 基础达标测试（本题共30小题，每题1分，共30分）1.(2020.北京3月份质检) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.【答案】a 【解析】考查固定短语。介词短语for a while一会；本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和思维休息一会。2.(2020.沈阳5月份模拟)_ time, when the population grew, people
2、 began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.【答案】over 【解析】考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，当人口逐渐增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样可以煮的快一点。Over time意为“随着时间的推移”，故填over.3.(2020.浙江二模) In India, for example, most people traditionally eat their hands.【答案】with【解析】考查介词。句意：在印度，大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法用手拿，with表示具体工具的名词，故填with.4.(
3、2020山东省一模)You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself _ number of questions.【答案】a 【解析】考查固定短语。短语a number of许多，大量；该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用a number of修饰可数名词复数形式questions.故填a.5.However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard, and that his mother was a
4、 witch, both of _ （they）murdered by an evil wizard.【答案】them【解析】考查人称代词。句意：然而，他后来发现他的父亲是一个巫师，他的母亲是一个女巫，他们都被一个邪恶的巫师谋杀了。此处指代他的父母，应用人称代词，位于介词之后，用宾格。故填them.6.If you want to go to the party with me, you should behave (you) well.【答案】yourself【解析】考查反身代词。句意：如果你想和我一起去参加聚会，你应该表现得很好。动词短语behave oneself表现好，懂规矩，故填yo
5、urself.7.Generation after generation, our forefathers worked hard and created a splendid culture on this land of _(us).【答案】ours【解析】考查名词性物主代词。句意：一代又一代，我们的先辈们在这片土地上辛勤工作，创造了灿烂的文化。根据句意可知是在我们的土地上，of是介词，后边需要名词，根据句意，可知需要填名词性物主代词，故填ours.8.No matter when I go to a post office and no matter where the post off
6、ice is, I always find _ (me) standing in a line behind someone who has a lot of business to do.【答案】myself【解析】考查代词。句意：不管我什么时候去邮局也不管邮局在哪儿，我总是发现自己排在某个有许多业务要办理的人的后边。本句主语是I，根据语境，此处表示“发现自己”，find oneself doing sth.意为“发现自己在做某事”。故填myself.9.Can you make sense _ what this writer is saying?【答案】of【解析】考查固定短语和介词of
7、。句意：你能理解这位作者在说什么吗？结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语“理解”，make sense of意为“理解”。设空处需填介词of。故填of.10.Id appreciate it if you could make helpful comments _ my work.【答案】onabout【解析】考查介词。句意：如果你能对我的工作提出有益的意见，我将不胜感激。根据comments 与my work之间的关系，可知要用介词on/about。makecommentson /about.对.发表评论/意见，固定短语。故填onabout.11.The subject of the talk i
8、s announced a week _ advance.【答案】in【解析】考查介词。句意：谈话的主题提前一周宣布。in advance提前，是固定短语，故填in.12.It suddenly occurred _ him that he should adopt the homeless child.【答案】to【解析】考查固定搭配和介词。句意：他突然想到要收养那个无家可归的孩子。sth. occurtosb.某人突然想到某事，固定搭配。故填to.13.Nobody knew why he was often heavily _debt.【答案】in【解析】考查固定短语或介词in。句意：没
9、人知道为什么他经常债台高筑。in debt欠债，固定短语，故填in.14.Im writing to offer my congratulations to you _ winning the gold medal.【答案】on【解析】句意：我写信是为了祝贺你获得金牌。congratulations to sb. on sth.祝贺某人某事，固定短语。故填on.15.They left in such _ hurry that they forgot to lock the door.【答案】a【解析】本题考查冠词和固定短语。句意：他们走得如此匆忙，以至于忘了锁门。短语in a hurry“匆
10、忙，急促”，故填a.16.Michael is great to work for. I really couldnt find _ better boss.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：为迈克尔工作很好。我真的找不到一个更好的老板。空格后有boss，老板。可数名词单数，better以辅音开头的，要用不定冠词a.故填a.17.As _ child I started learning to play the piano but soon decided to stop so that I could concentrate more on my studies.【答案】a【解析】句意：作为
11、一个孩子，我开始学习弹钢琴，但很快就决定停下来，这样我就可以更多地集中精力学习。此处泛指一个，故用不定冠词。故填a.18.Studies in China have shown that a person who can write well should have _ good knowledge of between 3,000 and 4,000 characters.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词和固定短语。句意：中国的研究表明，一个写作好的人应该精通3,000到4,000个汉字。have a good knowledge of“精通，熟练掌握”，为固定搭配。故填a.19.Built in
12、 the Qing Dynasty, the temple has a history of 300 years. It was restored at the governments expense in _1990s.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：这座寺庙建于清朝，有300年的历史了。20世纪90年代在政府的资助下它被修复了。in the 1990s为固定用法，意为“在20世纪90年代”，故填the.20.China is a great country with _ area of more than 9,600 thousand square kilometers.【答案】an
13、【解析】考查冠词。句意：中国是一个面积超过960万平方公里的大国。此处泛指一个多大的面积，因此用不定冠词，且area是元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an.短语with an area of意为“有着多大的面积”。故填an.二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）1.（2019.全国卷III）We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _ dogs，seven to be exact. 【答案】of【解析】考查固定短语。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of.2.（2019.浙江卷）Everybody wears_ sa
14、me style of clothes. 【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the.3.（2019.浙江卷）But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer _ this question is not clear.【答案】to【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to .是固定搭配，意为：“的答案是”。故填to.4.（2018.全国卷II）Corn uses less water rice
15、and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. 【答案】than【解析】考查介词。句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。根据句中的less可知,此处表示比较,故填than.5.（2018.全国卷III）Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at top of her lungs.【答案】the【解析】考查固定短语。句意:出乎意料的是,我正与那只大猩猩面对面,它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。at the top of ones lungs意为“声嘶力竭地”。故填th
16、e. 6.（2018.全国卷III）I was searching these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. 【答案】for【解析】考查动词短语。句意:我正在搜寻这三只我一直在观察的西部低地大猩猩。search for为动词短语,意为“搜寻”。故填for.7.(2017.全国卷) This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side
17、effects such as overweight and heart disease【答案】as【解析】考查介词。句意：这种趋势是由医学界开始的，是一种对抗心脏病的方法，它产生了一些意想不到的副作用，如超重和心脏病。as在此处作介词,意为“作为”。故填as.8.(2017.全国卷) Asresult, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 【答案】a【解析】考查冠词和固定短语。句意:结果,人们会吃更多的东西来努力弥补所缺的东西。as a result结果。故填a.9.(2016全国卷I
18、 )On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _ (it) mother. 【答案】their【解析】考查物主代词。句意：在我最近的一次拜访中，我帮助了一个被它们的母亲拒绝的可爱的双胞胎之一。题干中表示“它们的母亲”，所以填their.10.(2016全国卷I )The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, _ othe
19、r is with mum-she never suspects.【答案】the【解析】考查固定用法。题干中表示“这样一个由人工喂养，另一个由熊猫妈妈喂养”，one the other一个另一个，该用法是固定用法，所以填the.三、代词、介词和冠词专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）My husband and I were paying a visit 1._my parents in Tucson.We went to 2._ fast food restaurant for dinner together. My husband went to the counter
20、to order dishes and I stood with my parents.My dad is 3_80-year-old man.He can hardly see very well and walks with a stickI was scanning the restaurant, waiting to sit at the first table that was more convenient 4._others.A woman who was sitting with her son made eye contact with me and asked me to
21、come to her. 5._ with a puzzled look on my face, I pointed to 6._(myself) and said, “Me？” She nodded and said, “Yes，you.” I walked to the table and she said, “Bring your family here.I can finish eating at the counter. My son is in 7._hurry to leave anyway.” My eyes were full 8._tears as she wiped do
22、wn the table and guided my dad to the seat.I always believe that there are naturally kind people in this world.This has set a good example 9._her son , who is 10._ really lucky guy.1.【答案】to【解析】本题考查固定搭配。句意：我和我丈夫去图森拜访我的父母。固定短语pay a visit to“看望某人”，故填to.2.【答案】a【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：我们一起去了一家快餐店吃晚饭。不定冠词表示泛指，故填a.3
23、.【答案】an【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：我爸爸今年80岁了。且80-year-old中eighty是元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an.故填an.4.【答案】than【解析】本题考查介词。句意：我正在扫视餐厅，等着坐在第一张桌子旁边，因为它比其它桌子更方便。根据句中的more convenient可知, 此处表示比较,故填than.5.【答案】With【解析】考查with短语复合结构。句意：我脸上露出困惑的表情，指着我自己说道。With+宾语+介宾短语，是一种复合结构，在句中作状语。置于句首首字母大写。故填With.6.【答案】myself【解析】本题考查反身代词。句意：同上句。主语和宾语表示
24、同一个人，需要用反身代词。故填myself.7.【答案】a【解析】本题考查冠词和固定短语。句意：我儿子急着要离开。固定短语in a hurry“匆忙，急促”， 故填a.8.【答案】of【解析】本题考查介词和固定搭配。句意：我的双眼充满了泪水。固定短语be full of“充满，装满”，故填of.9.【答案】to【解析】本题考查介词和固定搭配。句意：这为她的儿子树立了一个很好的榜样。固定短语set a good example to sb“给某人树立好榜样”，故填to10.【答案】a【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：这为她的儿子树立了一个很好的榜样，这个孩子真的是一个很幸运的家伙。此处不定冠词表示特指，且really lucky guy是辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a.故填a.
