1、Section Warming Up&Reading课前 自主预习课堂 合作探究随堂 即时巩固课后限时训练课文预读释疑原文呈现A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTINGArt is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.Styles in Western art havechanged many times.As there are so many different styles of Western art,it would beimpossible to describe all of them in
2、such a short text.Consequently，this text willdescribe only the most important ones,starting from the sixth century AD.阅读清障faith/feI/n.信任；信心；信念faithfully/feIflI/adv.忠实地as 引导原因状语从句。consequently/knsIkwntlI/adv.所以；因而consequently 相当于 in consequence/as a consequence。现在分词短语 starting from.在句中作定语，修饰 ones。课文译
3、文西方绘画艺术简史艺术是受一个民族的生活习俗和信仰影响的。西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。因此，本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最重要的几种艺术风格。The Middle Ages(5th to 15th century AD)During the Middle Ages,the main aim of painters was to represent religiousthemes.A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature a
4、ndpeople as they really were.A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols,which created a feeling of respect and love for God.But it was evident that ideas werechanging in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paintreligious scenes in a more realistic way.the
5、 Middle Ages 中世纪aim/eIm/n.目标；目的 vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力represent vt.展现；代表conventional/knvennl/adj.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的typical/tIpIkl/adj.典型的；有代表性的evident/evIdnt/adj.明显的；明白的Giotto di Bondone/dt dI bndn/乔托(意大利画家、雕刻家、建筑师)realistic/rIlIstIk/adj.现实主义的；逼真的；现实的中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)在中世纪时期，画家的主要目的是把宗教的主题表现出来。这个时期的一个传统的艺术家无意于如
6、实地展现自然和人物。这个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的特征，体现出了对上帝的敬重与爱戴之情。但是很显然，在13世纪时，(人们的)思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始用一种比较现实的风格来描绘宗教场景。The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)During the Renaissance,new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in theMiddle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a moreh
7、umanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman andGreek ideas about art.They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.Richpeople wanted to possess their own paintings,so they could decorate their superbpalaces and great houses.They paid famous artists to
8、 paint pictures of themselves,theirhouses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.renaissance/rIneIsns；US rensns/n.新生；复兴；复活the Renaissance 文艺复兴(时期)过去分词短语 held in the Middle Ages 作定语，修饰 those。adopt/dpt/vt.采用；采纳；收养adopt 与 adapt(适应，改编)是形近词。humanistic/hjumnIstIk/adj.人道主义的as 在此处引导方式状
9、语从句，as 意为“按照，像”。possess/pzes/vt.拥有；具有；支配superb/supb；sjupb/adj.卓越的；杰出的；极好的possession/pzen/n.(尤作复数)所有；财产as well as 既又，也连接两个并列成分。当连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数由 as well as 前的名词或代词的数来决定。文艺复兴时期(15世纪到16世纪)在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。同时画家们回到了罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争如实地画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有自己的艺术品以便
10、用来装饰他们的高级宫殿和豪宅。他们出价聘请著名艺术家来为他们自己画像，画他们的房屋和财物，以及他们的活动和成就。One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective.This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428.When people first saw his paintings,they were convinced that21 they were looking through a hole in
11、a wall at a real scene.If the rules of perspective had not been discovered,no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.By coincidence22，oil paints were also developed at this time,which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.Without the new paints and the new tech
12、nique,we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces23 for which this period is famous.perspective/pspektIv/n.透视画法；透视图；观点technique/teknik/n.技术；方法；技能Masaccio/mstI/马萨乔(意大利画家)21 sb.be convinced of sth./that.某人确信If the rules of perspective had not been discovered,no one would have been.是含有虚拟语气的
13、复合句，表示与过去事实相反的情况。22 coincidence/kInsIdns/n.巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合by coincidence 巧合地过去分词短语 used in paintings 作定语，修饰 the colours。23 masterpiece/mstpis/n.杰作；名著这里 without 引导的介词短语表示非真实条件。for which.是“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句。在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事物。这一手法是1428年由马萨乔首先使用的。当人们第一次看到他的画时，他们还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。如果没
14、有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，它使得绘画中使用的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能够看到很多这一时期著名的杰作。Impressionism24(late 19th to early 20th century)In the late 19th century,Europe changed a great deal25，from a mostly26agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.Many people moved from the countrys
15、ide to the new cities.There were many new inventions and social changes.Naturally,these changes also led to new painting styles.Among the painters who broke away from27 the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists,who lived and worked in Paris.24 impressionism/ImprenIzm/n.印象主义；印象派impres
16、sionist/ImprenIst/adj.印象派的 n.印象派艺术家post-impressionist adj.后印象派的 n.后印象派艺术家25 a great deal 大量26 mostly adv.主要地；大部分27 break away from 脱离动词不定式短语 to work outdoors 作定语，修饰 the first painters。当中心词被 the first/last 等修饰时，通常用动词不定式(短语)作定语。印象派时期(19世纪后期到20世纪初期)19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁到了新城市。有着
17、许多新发明和社会变革。这些变革也自然而然地促成了新的绘画风格。在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。印象派画家是第一批室外写生的画家。他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。然而由于自然光的变化很快，印象派画家们必须很快地作画，他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。起初，许多人都不喜欢这种画法，甚至还怒不可遏。他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心、粗枝大叶，而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors.They were eager to show28 h
18、ow light and shadow29 fell on objects at different times of day.However,because natural light changes so quickly,the Impressionists had to paint quickly.Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters.At first,many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about
19、it.They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous30.28 be eager to do sth.渴望做某事29 shadow/d/n.阴影；影子in the shadow 在阴暗处shadow 指一个平面上的“影子”，shade 则指一个立体空间的“阴凉之处”。how 引导的从句作 show 的宾语。句子 Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters.中包含 not as.as 句式，表示“不如”
20、，those 指代前面提到的复数名词 paintings。30 ridiculous/rIdIkjls/adj.荒谬的；可笑的印象派画家是第一批室外写生的画家。他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。然而由于自然光的变化很快，印象派画家们必须很快地作画，他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。起初，许多人都不喜欢这种画法，甚至还怒不可遏。他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心、粗枝大叶，而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。Modern Art(20th century to today)At the time they were created,the Impressionist pai
21、ntings were controversial31，but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call“modern art”.This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.There are scores of32 modern art styles,but without the Impressionists,many of these painting styles mig
22、ht not exist.On the one hand,some modern art is abstract;that is33，the painter does not attempt34 to paint objects as we see them with our eyes,but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object,using colour,line and shape to represent them.On the other hand35，some paintings of modern art a
23、re so realistic that they look like photographs.These styles are so different.Who can predict36 what painting styles there will be in the future？31 controversial/kntrvl/adj.争论的；争议的what 引导的从句作介词 of 的宾语。what we call 译为“我们所说的；所谓的”。This is because.这是因为(because 后跟原因)；This is why.这就是为什么(why 后跟结果)。32 score
24、s of 许多，大量的33 that is 相当于 that is to say，意为“也就是说”。34 attempt/tempt/n.努力，尝试；企图 vt.尝试；企图现在分词短语 using colour,line and shape.作方式状语。35 on the other hand(可是)另一方面so.that“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。36 predict/prIdIkt/vt.预言；预告；预测prediction n.预言；预报现代艺术(20世纪至今)在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在争议的。但是如今它们已被人们接受而成为现在我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派
25、鼓励画家用崭新的视角看待他们的环境。现代艺术风格有好几十种，然而如果没有印象派，那么这许多风格也许就不会存在。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特性，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是如此写实，以至于看上去就像是照片。这些风格如此不同。谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格呢？课文阅读理解Step 1 Fast Reading1What does the passage mainly talk about?Styles inhavea lot with time going by.2
26、How many styles of Western painting are mentioned in the text?What arethey?答案：Four.The Middle Ages，The Renaissance，Impressionism，ModernArtWestern artchangedStep 2 Careful Reading.Choose the best answers according to the passage.1What themes did the main aim of painters represent during the MiddleAge
27、s?ANature.BPeople.CReligion.DPerspective.答案：C2When did people focus more on people and less on religion?AFrom 5th to 15th century AD.BFrom 15th to 16th century.CFrom late 19th to early 20th century.DFrom 20th century to today.答案：B3In the Renaissance，painters.Apainted religious scenes in a more reali
28、stic wayBfocused more on religion than on humansCbegan to paint outdoorsDreturned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art答案：D4Which of the following are the styles of paintings about Modern Art?AAbstract and realistic.BAbstract and natural.CReligious and natural.DPeople and objects.答案：A5Which o
29、f the following statements is true?APaintings in Middle Ages were very realistic.BWestern art has changed a lot since the 5th century.CImpressionist paintings were painted mainly indoors.DModern art began in the Renaissance.答案：B.Read the passage again and answer the following questions.1How did Masa
30、ccio paint his paintings?答案：He drew things in perspective.2Why did many people dislike the Impressionists style of painting at first?答案：Because they thought the painters were careless and their paintingswere ridiculous.3What were the artists interested in from the 5th to the 15th century AD?答案：They
31、were interested in creating a feeling of respect and love for God.4When did the Impressionists often paint outdoors?答案：In the late 19th to early 20th century.Step 3 Read the text again and fill in the blanks using the suitable words.Art is influenced by the customs and faith of 1.people.Styles in We
32、sternart have changed a lot.During the Middle Ages，the main aim of painters was2.represent religious themes.But it was evident that ideas were changingwhen painters began to paint in a 3.realistic way.People in theRenaissance 4.a more humanistic attitude to life.During this period，rich people paid f
33、amous artists to paint pictures of 5.，their housesand 6.as well as their activities and achievements.7.coincidence，oil paints were also developed.From the late 19th century，the Impressionists8.paintings were thought ridiculous drew quickly to show how light andshadow fell on objects.Today，they are9.
34、as the beginning of modernart.On the one hand，some modern art is abstract，but on the other hand，some is realistic.It is not easy to 10.the painting styles in the future.atomoreadoptedthemselvespossessionsBywhoseacceptedpredictStep 4 Explain difficult sentences.1A conventional artist of this period w
35、as not interested in showing natureand people as they really were.分析：本句为主从复合句。引导方式状语从句；of this period“这个时期的”，作。译文：这个时期的一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。as后置定语2But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century whenpainters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a morerealistic w
36、ay.分析：本句为主从复合句。句中it为，that引导的从句为真正的主语；而when引导的是一个，修饰先行词。译文：但是很明显，这些想法在13世纪时正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始以一种更加现实的风格来画宗教场景。形式主语定语从句the 13th century基础知识自测.重点单词1adj.抽象的；深奥的；n.摘要2n.信任；信心；信念adj.忠实的adv.忠实地3n目标；目的；vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力4adj.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的n传统；习俗abstractfaithfaithfulfaithfullyaimconventionalconvention5adj.典型的
37、；有代表性的6adj.明显的；明白的n证据；根据7vt.采用；采纳；收养8vt.拥有；具有；支配n(尤作复数)所有；财产9n巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合10adj.争论的；争议的11n努力；尝试；企图；vt.尝试；企图12vt.预言；预告；预测n预言；预报；预告typicalevidentevidenceadoptpossesspossessioncoincidencecontroversialattemptpredictprediction.重点短语1巧合地2大量3(可是)另一方面by coincidencea great dealon the other hand.重点句式1i
38、f引导的虚拟语气If the rules of perspective had not been discovered,no one(be)ableto paint such realistic pictures.如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。2含without的虚拟语气Without the new paints and the new technique,we(not，be)able tosee the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多这一时期
39、著名的杰作。would have beenwould not be3among短语位于句首引起的倒装Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting(be)the Impressionists,who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。4the first(n.)to do.The Impressionists were the first painters(work)outdoors.印象派画家是第一批在室外写景的画家。w
40、ereto work1faith nU相信；信任；信心(教材P1)Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.艺术是受一个民族的生活习俗和信仰影响的。归纳拓展(1)have faith in.信任，对有信心lose faith in.对失去信心break faith with.背弃keep faith with.对守信(2)faithful adj.忠诚的，忠实的be faithful to.忠实于(3)faithfully adv.忠诚地，忠实地(4)faithless adj.不忠实的，不忠诚的，不可 依赖的There ar
41、e a lot of difficulties in front of us,yet we still have faith in victory.尽管在我们面前有很多困难，但是我们对胜利仍有信心。Faced with failure,we shouldnt lose faith in ourselves.面对失败，我们不应该对自己失去信心。By no means should we break faith with the organization.我们绝不能背弃组织。If you dont keep faith with your friends,you cant expect your
42、friends to trust you.如果你对你的朋友不守信，你就不要指望他们会信任你。She has served the family(faithful)for 30 years.她已经为这个家忠心耿耿地操劳了30年。faithfully2aim n.C 目的；目标 vt.&vi.瞄准；对准；(向某方向)努力(教材P2)During the Middle Ages,the main aim of painters was to representreligious themes.在中世纪时期，画家的主要目的是表现宗教主题。归纳拓展(1)without aimaimlessly 漫无目的
43、with the aim of 以为目标；意在take aim at 向瞄准achieve ones aim 达到目标(2)aim(.)at(用)瞄准；力求达到aim to do sth./at doing sth.意欲/企图/力求做某事be aimed at(doing)sth.旨在/目的在于(做)某事He does everything without aim,which annoys his parents.他做任何事都漫无目的，这令他父母很生气。She went to Londonthe aim of finding a job.她去伦敦是为了找份工作。This activity is
44、 aimed at improving/aims to improve/aims at improving thestudents ability of listening and speaking.这项活动的目的是提高学生的听、说能力。withWe should aim at(do)something useful to the society.我们应当立志做一些对社会有益的事情。He aims(be)a successful doctor when he grows up.他的目标是长大后成为一名成功的医生。doingto be【高考典句】Though their ranges and t
45、ools differ,the babys investigationand the scientists experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about thenatural world),overall approach(gathering direct evidence from the world),and logic(are my observations what I expected？)虽然研究领域和工具不同，婴儿的研究和科学家的实验似乎有着同样的目的(了解自然界)、整体方法(从这个世界获取直接的依据)和逻辑(我的观察
46、结果如我所料吗？)。3typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；特有的(教材P2)A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols,whichcreated a feeling of respect and love for God.这个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的象征，体现出了对上帝的尊敬与爱戴。【高考典句】A typical pie graph looks like a circular pie.典型的饼图看上去像是圆形饼。归纳拓展(1)be typical of.是的特点It is typical of sb.to
47、 do sth.某人一向做某事(2)typically adv.典型地；有代表性地；一向；总是His childhood lacked the harmony that was typical of a happy family.他的童年缺少典型的幸福家庭所拥有的和谐。It is typicalher to be rude to people.(typical),she is rude to people.她这个人总是对人无礼。ofTypically4adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养(教材P2)People began to concentrate less on religious the
48、mes and adopt a morehumanistic attitude to life.人们开始更少的关注宗教主题，并且采用了一种更加人性的生活态度。【高考典句】The same cognitive(认知的)systems that make youngchildren feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted byadult scientists.年轻的孩子弄明白某些事情会感觉良好，而同样的认知系统也可能被成年的科学家采用。【高考典句】In recent years,however,young upper
49、 middleclass people inLondon,have begun to adopt some regional accents,in order to hide their classorigins.然而在最近几年，伦敦的上层中产阶级年轻人为了掩饰他们的高贵出身，已经开始采用一些地方口音(说话)。归纳拓展(1)adopt ones suggestion/advice 采纳某人的建议adopt a new policy 采取一项新政策(2)adoption n.收养；采取(3)adopted adj.领养的Now more and more Chinese people are a
50、dopting kids simply because theylove children.现在越来越多的中国人收养小孩仅仅是因为他们喜欢孩子。After much deliberation,the manager decided to.经理再三考虑之后，决定采纳她的建议。adopt her suggestion/suggestions/advice学以致用 单句语法填空These(adopt)children began to feel a sense of belonging.Three different approaches to the problem(adopt)sincethe
51、adviser gave us the speech.adoptedhave been adopted易混辨析 adopt/adapt一“字”之差，意义大不同adopt采用领养 adapt使适应改编；改写巧学助记The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan.After afew months,the child came to adapt to his new life.这对年轻的夫妇没有亲生的孩子，他们领养了一个孤儿。几个月过后，这个孩子渐渐地适应了他的新生活。5possess vt.拥有；具有；支配(
52、教材P2)Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings,so they coulddecorate their superb palaces and great houses.富人们想拥有自己的艺术品以便用来装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。【高考典句】They have a different kind of superpower that all of uspossess:the power to make a difference in the lives of others.他们有着一种不同的超能力，也就是对别人的生活产生影响的能力，这也是
53、我们都拥有的。【高考典句】They are potential powers we possess:energy,skill,soundjudgment,creative ideaseven physical strength greater than most of usrealize.它们是我们特有的潜能：能量、技巧、声音判断力、创意甚至体力都比我们所意识到的要强。温馨提示按英语习惯，possess通常用于好的事物，不用于坏的事物。譬如不说Healways possesses bad health.但可以说He always possesses good health.(他一直有着健康的身
54、体。)归纳拓展(1)be possessed of 有，拥有possess sb.to do sth.驱使/支配某人做某事(2)possession n.C，常用复数所有物；财产；U具有；拥有in possession of sth.占有(或拥有)某物in the possession of sb.in sb.s possession 为某人所有have/take possession of 占有；拥有；占领I wonder how he could manage to possess himself of that secret.我想知道他是怎样把那个秘密弄到手的。The flat is i
55、n the possession of Tom.Tom isthe flat.汤姆拥有这所公寓。Does the young man standing there have possession of the company?站在那边的那个年轻人拥有这家公司吗？in possession of温馨提示in possession of表示主动，意为“拥有；占有”，主语通常为表示人的词语；in the possession of表示被动，意为“被占有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。类似的有无冠词时意义不同的短语还有：in charge of 负责 in the charge of 由负责in cont
56、rol of 控制 in the control of 被控制6by coincidence 巧合地(教材P2)By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time,whichmade the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，它使得绘画中使用的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。归纳拓展It is/was a coincidence that.巧合的是What a coincidence!真巧！in coincidence with 与
57、一致Thats the most incredible coincidence Ive ever heard of!那是我听说过的最难以置信的巧合！It was rather a coincidenceshe appeared at that exact moment.她正好在那个时候出现真是巧合。that7a great/good deal 大量，许多(教材P2)In the late 19th century,Europe changed a great deal,from a mostlyagricultural society to a mostly industrial one.在十
58、九世纪晚期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。温馨提示a (1)a great deal of 通 常 用 于 修 饰 不 可 数 名 词，如 a great deal ofmoney/time/trouble/information等。(2)a great deal单独使用时，可用来修饰比较级、动词或动词ing形式等；但当形容词比较级用作名词的定语时，只能用much,far来修饰，不能用a greatdeal。如：误：This was a great deal easier job.正：This was a far easier job.b(1)修饰可数名词复数
59、：many,a good/great many,a great/large/small number of,hundreds/thousands/millions of,dozens/scores of.(2)修饰不可数名词：much,a great/good deal of,a large/great amount of,largeamounts of.(3)修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词：a lot of/lots of,plenty of,half of,part of,one third of.学以致用 单句语法填空I have accomplishedgreat deal in the
60、 last few months.As the New Year is approaching,we have a great dealpreparationwork to do.Therea great number of trees and flowers in the botanical garden.The young couple has travelled a greatcities since they got married.aofaremany8attempt n.努力；尝试；企图 vt.尝试；企图(教材P3)The painter does not attempt to p
61、aint objects as we see them with oureyes.画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来。【高考典句】Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremelyuncomfortable；therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)withconversation.在一些文化中，沉默可能会被认为是极其不舒服的；因而可能会在谈话的过程试图填补空白。归纳拓展(1)attempt to do sth.努力做某事；企图做某事(2)make an a
62、ttempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事at the first attempt 第一次尝试in an attempt to do sth.试图做某事；希望做某事(3)attempted adj.(犯罪等)未遂的；企图的The government launched the new“secondchild”policy in an attempt toincrease economic growth.政府实行新的“二孩”政策，试图促进经济增长。I passed my driving test at the third attempt.我第三次尝试才通过了驾驶考试。I wi
63、ll attempt(answer)all your questions.我将努力回答你的全部问题。to answer易混辨析 attempt/try/manage单词用法例句attempt为正式用语，常指一次的而不是连续的尝试，往往暗含去尝试自己希望成功的事情，常包含“冒险”意义，可能导致失败He attempted to speak but was told to be quiet.他试图发言，但却被告知保持安静。try为通俗用语，指为成功做某事而做出努力或付出代价，后接不定式表示“试图做、努力做某事”，后接动词ing形式表示“试着做某事”Well try to improve our t
64、eaching methods.我们要设法改进我们的教学方法。manage表示“成功地做某事”，强调结果How did you manage to get their approval?你怎么得到他们的同意的？9.on the other hand(可是)另一方面(教材P3)On the other hand,some paintings of modern art are so realistic thatthey look like photographs.另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是如此写实，以至于看上去就像一张张照片。归纳拓展(1)on(the)one hand.；on the
65、other hand.(引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等)一方面，另一方面(却)(2)first(ly).;second(ly).第一；第二(3)for one thing.;for another.一则；二则On the one hand,theyd love to have kids,but on the other hand,they dontwant to give up their freedom.一方面他们想要孩子，但是另一方面，他们又不想放弃自由自在的生活。I dont want to go to the supermarket.,I have no time；,I have
66、no money.我不想去超市。一方面我没时间；另一方面我没钱。Reading certain books,on the other hand,is a wellset task over which theyhave much more control.另一方面，读一定量的书是一个比较容易控制的确定的任务。On(the)one handon the other hand10predict vt.预言；预告；预测(教材P3)Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?谁能预测未来会有什么样的绘画风格呢？归纳拓
67、展(1)predictn./从句 预测Its predicted that.据预测(2)make a prediction 进行预测/预言(3)predictable adj.可预测的(4)predictor n.预言者(5)predictive adj.预言性的；预计的学以致用 单句语法填空It is now still impossible(predict)when and where anearthquake will break out.It(predict)that food prices will continue to go up in thenext few months.Wi
68、thout experience,you have no basis for any(predict)to predictis predictedprediction1(教材P2)But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th centurywhen painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a morerealistic way.但是很显然，到了13世纪时，(人们的)观念正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始以一种比较现实的风格来描绘宗教场
69、景。(1)it在句中充当形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。为了句子的平衡移到后面，可以避免句子结构的头重脚轻。(2)it作形式主语的常见句型1)It isadj.主语从句,(用于此句型的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，possible，important，impossible，necessary，bad，interesting，surprising等)2)It isn.主语从句,(用于此句型中的词汇有：a pity，a shame，ones duty，fun，good manners，bad manners等)3)It is及物动词的过去分词that从句,(此句型中常
70、见的及物动词的过去分词有：said，told，known，reported，thought，believed，considered等)4)It不及物动词主语从句,(此句型中常见的不及物动词有：seem，appear，happen等It is evident that the local government is trying to help the graduates withemployment.很明显，当地政府正试图帮助大学生就业。research indicates that 81%of teachers are dissatisfied withtheir salary.遗憾的是，研
71、究表明81%的教师对他们的薪水不满意。he is doing well in school.据说他在学校里表现很好。It seems that he is not willing to go there.看来他不愿意去那里。Its a pity thatIts said that2(教材P2)Without the new paints and the new technique,we would not be ableto see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能
72、看到很多这一时期著名的杰作。(1)句中介词短语without the new paints and the new technique取代了if引导的非真实条件状语从句，主句使用了虚拟语气，表示所说内容与事实相反。(2)除了without之外，but for，otherwise，but等词汇也常用来表示虚拟条件。Without your ticket，I wouldnt be able to go to the concert tomorrow.要是没有你的票的话，我明天就不能去听音乐会了。I wish to thank Professor Smith,without whose help I
73、 would never have got thisfar.我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我不会走这么远。But for your help,we(be)in trouble that day.要不是你的帮助，我们那天就有麻烦了。would have been3(教材P2)Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style ofpainting were the Impressionists,who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们生活和工作在巴黎。本句结构
74、为“介词短语系动词主语”，为倒装句式，正常语序为TheImpressionists，who lived and worked in Paris,were among the painters whobroke away from the traditional style of painting.Among all these flowers is included a kind of red rose,which was given bymy friend.一种我朋友给的红玫瑰花也包含在这些花中。1)若把out，in，down，up，away，here，now，then，there等表示方位
75、和时间的副词与表示地点状语的介词短语置于句首时，用完全倒装句2)当作表语的形容词、分词提到系动词前面时，句子也要全部倒装，构成“形容词/分词系动词主语”结构Into the dark apartment walked David,who was quite surprised wheneveryone shouted“Happy Birthday”大卫走进了黑暗的房间，当大家喊“生日快乐”时，他感到很惊讶。,wearing a white skirt with two long pigtails.进来一个小姑娘，留着两个长辫子，穿着白色裙子。Present at the evening par
76、ty was our favorable English teacher.出席晚会的有我们喜欢的英语老师。In came a girl温馨提示当主语是代词时，不倒装。on hearing the noise.他一听到响声就跑了出去。Out he rushed.单句语法填空1I was hoping(impress)my new boss with my diligence.2It was(evidence)that his faith in the government was shaken.3The old man lost all his(possess)in the big fire.4
77、Last summer holiday,I went to the countryside and worked with farmers.In this way I learntgreat deal from them.5History is the best teacher.It(faith)records the developmentpath of each country and foretells the future to us.to impressevidentpossessionsafaithfully6The education program(aim)at combini
78、ng brain work withmanual labor is being widely spread throughout the country.7They treated their(adopt)son as their own son.8coincidence,we arrived here at the same time.9Whatcoincidence!We are from the same place.10is obvious that China has made great progress in economy in the lastfive years.aimed
79、adoptedByaIt.完成句子1If he had followed my advice,he(就不会失去)his job.2The captain is(最后一个离开)the ship.3Id like to eat out,but(另一方面),I should be tryingto save money.4Hidden behind the door(是几个调皮的孩子)5Without air,human beings(将无法生存)wouldnt have lostthe last to leaveon the other handwere a few naughty childre
80、nwould not be able to survive.课文语法填空Art 1.(influence)by the customs and faith of a people.Styles in Western art have changed many times.During the Middle Ages,the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.A 2.(convention)artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and peo
81、ple 3.they really were.A 4.(type)picture at this time was full of religious symbols.However,during the Renaissance,new ideas and values 5.(gradual)replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a 6.(much)humanistic attitude to life.One of the mo
82、st important discoveries during this period was how 7.(draw)things in is influencedconventionalastypicalgraduallymoreto drawperspective.As Europe changed a great deal from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial 8.in the late 19th century,these changes led to new painting styles.The Impressionists were the first painters 9.(work)outdoors.There are scores of modern art styles,but without the Impressionists,many of these painting styles might not exist.No one can predict 10.painting styles there will be in the future.oneto workwhat课后 限时训练
