1、动词时态讲与练现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般进行完成完成进行各种时态一览表do doesdidwill doshallshould dowouldam is doingarewas doingwereshallwillshould be doing wouldhave done hashad doneshall have donewillshould donewouldhave been doinghashad been doingshall willhave been doinghave been doingshouldwouldbe doing一般现在时do/does一、表示现阶段经常性
2、的动作状态特 征。1.The director (be)at home.2.Our school (have)a big playground.3.Billy Crystal often (host)the Academy Award.4.She (like)stand-up comedy very much.二、表示客观真理，书报的标题，小说、戏剧、图、文等的介绍。1.Scientists told us the earth (move)around the sun.2.The scene (change)back to the park.3.Laughter (be)good for yo
3、ur health.ishashostslikesmoveschangesis三、用于计划、决定、时刻表、，句中常有时间状语，但仅用于少数几个表示“移动”的动词：come,go,arrive,begin,leave,return,start,stop,open,close 等,可表示将要发生的动作。1.The plane (leave)for Paris at eight this evening.2.The meeting (begin)at half past two tomorrow afternoon.3.What time the shops (open)?四、在时间、条件状语从句中
4、，用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作。1.When he(be)18 years old,he will join the army.2.Take an umbrella in case it (rain)tomorrow.3.I wont go to his party unless she(send)an invitation.leavesbegins do openisrainssends现在进行时am/is/are doing 一、表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now,at present 等连用。1.We (have)an English class now.2.the baby
5、(sleep)next door?3.At present the environment (pollute)seriously.二、少数动词如 come,go,arrive,begin,leave,return,start,stay 等，可以用进行时（也可以用一般现在时）表示按计划即将发生的动作。1.I(leave)for Beijing tomorrow.2.Sally (stay)in her aunts home when she is in Britain.are having Is sleepingis being pollutedam leavingis staying1.表示感
6、觉、情感、心理状态的感官动词动词如smell,taste,sound,look,feel,need hear,like,love,hate,know,want,wish,forget 等无用于进行时。2.特殊词语：happen,take place,come about,break out 表示发生的词，come into being形成，belong to 属于等词无被动注意：现在完成时 have/has done一、表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，句中没有具体时间，常与already,never,ever,yet,just,recently,so far 等连用。1.She al
7、ready(come)here.2.We never(be)in a palace.3.He(go)to Fuzhou.(去了还没回来)4.He(be)to Fuzhou.（去过已经回来了二、在时间/条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。I will go with you when I (wash)the clothes.has comehave beenhas gonehas beenhave washed三、表示过去开始的动作持续到现在，也许还继续持续下去，常和since,for 表示一段时间的状语，或so far,now ,recently,lately 等词连用。1.So fa
8、r,Crystal (host)the show eight times.2.We (study)English for seven years(since 1999).3.Now I (finish)my homework.have studiedhave finishedhas hostedsince 用法小结：1.引导的从只能用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时。如：We (be)friends ever since we(meet)at school.have beenmet你会翻译吗？.Its a long time since he joined the army.2.Its a lo
9、ng time since he was in the army.3.Its four years since my father worked in that factory.4.Its four years since my father started work in that factory.他参军已经很久了。（他还在部队）他不在部队已经很久了。我爸爸不在那工厂工作有四年了。我爸爸在那家工厂工作有四年了。2.since 从句中的短暂性动词可翻译为“自从做某事以来已经多久了”，但延续性动词则应译为“不做某多久了”现在完成进行时have/has been doing表示动作从过去某一时间开
10、始，一直延续到现在，而且很可能还要延续下去。与现在完成时的区别在于：它强调动作的延续性，在没有时间状语时，它表示动作（延续性动词）仍在进行，而现在完成时则表示动作已经结束。1.Look out!Jim(paint)the door.（强调油漆未干）2.Jim(paint)the door.(油漆可能已干了)3.I(wait)for him for an hour but he still hasnt come.4.There he is;I _ (wait)for him for an hour.5.They are tired;they _ (work)in the field.has be
11、en paintinghas paintedhave been waitinghave waitedhave been workingexercises()1.A:Are the Browns still in Australia?B:.Its years since they lived there.A.Yes B.No C.Im not sure.D.Of course().When tomorrow,I will serve tea to him.A.he will come B.does he come C.he comes D.will he come()3.The police s
12、earching our neighbors house.What do you suppose?A.are;has happened B.is;is happening C.is;would happen D.were;did happen()4.If you him,please go to his home early.A.will help B.helps C.help D.dont help()5.Why tired?I the house the whole morning.A.are you;have cleaned B.do you ;was cleaning C.do you
13、 look;have been cleaning D.are you looking;am cleaning BCAAC一般过去时did(didnt do)或 were(werent)/was(wasnt)记住常用的动词过去式和过去分词一、只表示动作发生在过去，或过去常发生，与现在无关。常与 yesterday,last week,two months/years ago 等连用。而现在完成时则强调过去发生的事情对现在产生的结果或影响。1.I(watch)the comedy before.2.I(watch)the comedy last year.have watchedwatched二、
14、一般过去时在虚拟语气中的应用用过去式表示对现在事情的假设固定句型：Its(high/about)time(that)sb.did sth./should do should不可省，表示“（早就）到了该做某事的时候了”1.If I(have)time,I would attend the lecture.2.I wish it(be)spring all the year round.3.He looks as if he(be)an artist.4.If it (be)not for the rain,the crops would die.1.Its(high)time we(that)(
15、leave).2.2.Its(about)time he(that)_(fetch)his son from school.hadwerewerewereleftfetched过去进行时was/were doing一、表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。1.What she(do)this time yesterday?She (practise)gym.2.In 2000 they (study)in a university.二、用于故事中情节、场面的描写。1.One morning,a hunter(walk)through a forest when he met a bear.
16、2.All the students were busy this afternoon.Some (sweep)the floor.Some(carry)water.Others(clean)the desks and the doors.was doingwas practisingwere studyingwas walkingwere sweepingwere cleaningwere carrying三、有些表示“移动”的动词：go,come,leave,arrive,set out,take off 等，的过去进行式常表示过去将来时。1.John told us they(leave
17、)for London the next week and that they (come)to say goodbye that evening.四、区别一般过去时和过去进行时：1.He was writing a letter yesterday evening.2.He wrote a letter yesterday evening.你知道这两句的意思有什么区别吗？1、他昨晚一直在写信。（可能还没写完）2、他昨晚写了一封信。（写完了）were leavingwere comingExercises 1.A:Look,where are you going?You are walking
18、 in the wrong direction.B:Oh,I .A.didnt notice B.wasnt noticing C.havent noticed D.am not noticing2.A:You neednt have paid for it.B:You are right.Nobody the tickets.A.was collecting.B.collected C.had collected D.will collect3.A:Ouch!You are standing on my foot.B:Im sorry,but I to A.dont mean B.haven
19、t mean C.am not meaning D.didnt mean过去完成时 had done一、表示过去某一时刻或某一事件之前已经发生或完成的动作、状态，即“过去的过去”，可译成“在那之前已经做了某事”。常用 by,before,when 等引起的时间状语。1.By the end of last week we(study)five books.2.I(reach)the station before six oclock.3.You(be)in this school for a years before/when I came here .had studiedhad reach
20、edhad been1.If you(come)yesterday,you would have met him.2.We wish we(arrive)there two hours earlier.3.He speaks English so fluently as if he(study)English in England before.4.Only if I(take)his advice.二、在虚拟语气中 had done 表示对过去事情的假设。三、在 no sooner than 和 hardly/scarcely/rarely when 句型中表示“刚就”，主句的谓语动词用 h
21、ad done(过去完成时)，从句中用did（一般过去时）。1.I hardly(enter)the room when I(hear)a loud noise.2.We no sooner(reach)home than it(begin)to rain.had comehad arrivedhad studiedhad takenhad enteredheardhad reachedbegan表示将要发生的动作或情况：1.When you(be)able to give us an answer?2.I(think)it over.3.We (not be)free tomorrow.4.
22、The agreement(come)into force next spring.5.The meeting(not last)long;just have a little patience.6.when I(make)the copy?一般将来时：六种表现形式一、shall第一人称表将来/will dowill bewill thinkshall/will not bewill comewont lastshall make二、be going to do表示打算、准备做的事1.How you(spend)your holidays?2.He (be)a host after he gr
23、aduates.1.Look at the clouds.I think it(rain)soon.2.Watch out!The basin of flowers(fall).3.I feel terrible;I(throw)up.4.There(be)a lot of trouble about this.are going to spendis going to beis going to rainam going to throwis going to fall表示现在已有迹象表明即将发生、肯定要发生的事is going to be与will区别：事先经过考虑的用 be going
24、to,否则就用will；will还可以可以表示情愿的意思三、be doing 表示将来时，主要表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作或事。四、be to do 表示按计划安排要发生的事或用来征求对方意见，也常用于宣传官方的计划或决定，以及禁止、命令等。用于if引导的从句，表将来或是想要做的事情后来将（注定）要发生的事1.If we(succeed),we must rely on the masses.are to succeed2.He(regret)this decision.（他将来一定会对这个决定后悔的。）is to regret六、be about to 表示即将发生某事，因为它本身带有“即
25、将”之意，所以不能与表示将来的时间状语连用，但常与when 引起的时间状语连用，表示“即将做某事时突然另一事发生了”。它也不带有说话人的主观打算。1.We(leave)when the telephone rang.2.Autumn harvest(start).下面哪种表达是正确的？（）1.A.The train is about to leave at 5:20.B.The train is about to leave.（）2.A.She is about to attend the meeting.B.She is about to attend the meeting this af
26、ternoon.were about to leaveis about to startBA将来进行时will be doing表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作。一般不表示意愿，常表示已安排好之事，给人一种期待之感。1.What you (do)this time tomorrow?2.The rocket(leave)in a second.3.I(wait)for you then.will be doingwill be leavingwill be waiting将来完成时 will/shall have done表示到将来某个时候已经完成的动作或已有的结果。1.I (finish)reading the book by the end of this week.2.When I have done that,I (do)all was supposed to do.3.If you come at 6 oclock,we(not return)from work.shall have finishedshall have donewill have not returned
