1、 定语从句定语从句:由关系代词_ 或关系副词_引导的句子用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词的从句,起着定语的作用.定语从句所修饰的词叫做_;定语从句跟在先行词的后面.构成方式:_.关系代词或副词的三重功能:连接主从句;指代先行词;在从句中作句子成分.that,which,who,whom,whosewhere,when,why先行词关系代词或副词陈述语序成分所指关系词主语指人指物宾语指人指物定语指人指物that/whothat/which(that/who/whom)(that/which)whose/of whomwhose/of which分析先行词在从句中充当成分需要注意两点一、定语从句的
2、谓语动词（及物动词还是不及物动词）二、定语从句中的双宾语问题，先行词充当介词宾语关系词的确定步骤1.找出先行词。2.看先行词指人还是指物，是否为特殊词，是否被特殊词修饰。3.分析关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分4.注意一些特殊情况1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.2.That is the day _Ill never forget.3.That is not the way _I do it.4.On the train I saw a student _wasyour sister.5.Is this the u
3、niversity _ you visited last time?6.Egypt is a country _ is famous for its pyramids.7.The policemen were sure that the murderer was the man _ gun was found lying beside the dead body.8.The man _ is speaking to his mother is our headmaster.which/that(which/that)in which/that/that/who(which/that)which
4、/thatwhosewho/thatvtvtvt系vvt系v系vvt1.The most important thing _ we should pay attention to is the first thing _ I have said.2.This is the very dictionary _ I am looking for.3.There is nothing _ can prevent him from doing that.1.4.Those _ break the rule will be punished.thatthatthatFill in the blanks
5、with the proper relative wordsthatwhoprepvtvtvtvt 5.Dont get too close to the house_ roof(屋顶)is under repair.6.I am looking for a box in _ I can put all my things.7.He is the only one of the students who _ passed the exam.8.I dont like the way _ you talk to your mother.whose(that/in which)haswhich系v
6、put sth in sth the one(that/which)which9.The song is _ I like best.10.Do you like the song _ we listened to before class?(that/which)11.Do you like the song to _ we listened before class?listen to sbI agree with the idea _ you approve of.(thatwhich)做of 的宾语I agree with the idea（主句）_ You approve of wh
7、ich .I agree with the idea _ you approve of .of which这就叫介词提前的关系代词，prep+关系代词请还原which 在从句中的位置can be left out This is the boy.I played tennis _the boy yesterday.We ll go to hear the famous singer.We have often talked _the famous singer.withaboutThis is the boy whom/that/who I played tennis with yesterd
8、ay.We ll go to hear the famous singer whom /who/that/we have often talked about.withabout This school is very famous.He once studied_this school.Tommorrow Ill bring here the magazine.You asked _the magazine.inforThis school which/that/he once studied in is very famous.Tommorrow Ill bring here the ma
9、gazinewhich/that/you asked for.infor1.I shall never forget the day.We first met on .I shall never forget the day that/which we first met on.I shall never forget the day on that that/which we first met.that daywhich2.He has lost the key to the drawer.The papers for the meeting were kept in .He has lo
10、st the key to the drawer which/thatthat the papers for the meeting were kept in.He has lost the key to the drawer which/that that the papers for the meeting were kept .inthe drawerwhich/thatCan you lend me the magazine which/thatthatyou talked yesterday?3.Can you lend me the magazine?You talked abou
11、t yesterday.Can you lend me the magazine which/that you talked about yesterday?itwhich/thataboutThe man to who/whom you spoke is our headmaster.The city in that/which she lives is far away.Are these two sentences right?介词+which（指物),不可省介词+whom（指人),不可省介词后不能用who、thatThe citywhich she lives is far away.
12、_The man whom you spoke is our headmaster._intoA.The farm _which we worked ten years ago is beautiful.B.This is the tree _which we used to play games.onunder preposition+which（指物）preposition+whom (指人）How to choose the right prepositions1.Dad is a person to who I can easily talk.()2.Dad is a person w
13、hom I can easily talk to.()3.Dad is a person I can easily talk to.()4.Dad is a person to that I can easily talk.()5.Dad is a person that I can easily talk to.()6.Dad is a person who I can easily talk to.()FFTTTTwhomwhich 介词which/whom 引导的定语从句:介词的选取原则是“一先，二从，三意义”，即:(1)一看先行词；(2)二看定语从句中的v./adj；(3)三看整句话的
14、含义。1.介词的确定方法The money _ which you were to buy dog food is gone.He will never forget the day _ which he failed in the exam.根据先行词来确定onwithbuy sth with the moneyon the day We thought you were a person _ whom we could expect good decisions.The West Lake,_ which Hangzhou is famous,is a beautiful place.根据
15、定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定forfromexpect sth from sbbe famous for sthAir,_ which man cant live,is really important.根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定withoutThe pen _which he is writing now was bought yesterday.withwrite with a penlive with/without sth 2.介词的位置 一般情况下，介词一般放在关系代词which和whom之前，也可放在动词后。This is the man _ I learned the n
16、ews from.This is the man _ I learned the news.from whom(who/whom/that)learn sth from sbThis is the room_ we lived last year.This is the room _ we lived in last year.(that/which)in whichlivelive in the roomIs this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.在固定短语中
17、介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前.常见的这类动词短语有:look for/after/forward to,care for(照顾，喜欢）hear of/about/from,take care of等.This is the right place Im looking for.The girl whom he is looking after is his sister.Practice介词+关系代词的使用1.Do you like the book _she spent$10?2.Do you like the book _she paid$1
18、0?3.Do you like the book _ shelearned a lot?4.Do you like the book _ she often talks?on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichpay 钱 for sthspend 钱on sthlearn sth from sth/sbtalk about sth/sb5.The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at writing.6.Glasses,_ I cant see clearly,are really imp
19、ortant for me.7.China is a beautiful country,_ we are proud.8.Do you remember the day _ you joined our club?to whomwithout whichof whichon whichspeak to sbsee with/without sthbe proud of sb/sthon the dayThis is the teacher whose daughter is a famous doctor.=This is the teacher_ is a famous doctor.1.
20、名词+介词+关系代词the daughter of whomwhose+名词=the+名词 of whom/whichof whom/which+the+名词 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase（花瓶）,_ was very reasonable（合理的）.A.which price B.the price of which C.its price D.the price of whose We have three foreign teachers,_are from Canada.(其中的两个）2.数词+介词+关系代词(含基数词，序数词，分数
21、和百分数）two of whom The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_ are sold abroad.A.of which B.which of C.of them D.of that 3.代词+介词+关系代词（代词有all,both,none,neither,either,some,any等）The old woman has two sons,_ are teachers.（两个都是）=and both of themboth of whom Last week,two persons cam
22、e to see the house,_wanted to buy it.A.both of they B.neither of whom C.both of them D.all of whom4.形容词最高级+介词+关系代词China has thousands of islands,_ is Taiwan Island.（其中最大的）the largest of which There are two buildings,_ stands nearly a hundred feet high.A.the larger B.the larger of them C.the larger o
23、ne that D.the larger of which 5.介词+关系代词+名词He spent four years in college,_ he studied medicine.（在那段时间内）during which time In the office,I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m.,_ time many people have gone home.A.whose B.that C.on which D.by which When did you come here?When did you come here?
24、When did you come here?When did you come here?We came here on Oct.12,2005.It was the day _ we were sent into the space.when(on which)Where do you work and live?Where do you work and live?Where do you work and live?Where do you work and live?hispace capsuleWe work and live in a space capsule(太空舱).It
25、is a place _ an astronaut works and lives.where(in which)What are you doing now?Im having my blood pressure(血压)taken.Im taking pictures.Can you tell me the reason_ you are taking pictures?why/for whichWe celebrate the 60th anniversary(周年纪念日)of the founding of the PRC on October 1st,2009.I will never
26、 forget the day _ we celebrate the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PRC.when/on whichHong Kong returned to China on July 1st,1997.The day _ Hong Kong returned to China will never be forgotten.when(on which)I often go shoppingin Times Supermarket.Times supermarket is the place_I often go shopp
27、ing.where(in which)Can you tell me the reason _ you are so late?why/for which Whether to use a relative pronoun or a relative adverb?要确定使用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词:(1)及物动词后面无宾语,用关系代词.常见的及物动词有visit,spend,expect,explain,etc,；(2)不及物动词后无介词时,用关系副词.常见的不及物动词有work,live,come,go,etc.This is the factory _ I work
28、ed before.This is the factory _ I visited before.This is the factory _ I worked in.This is the factory in _I worked.where/in which(which/that)(which/that)which I will never forget the days _ we worked together.I will never forget the days _ we spent together.I will never forget the days during _we w
29、orked together.when/during which(that/which)which This is the reason _ I was late.The reason _ he gave us was reasonable(合理的).why/for which(that/which)所指先行词引导词时间the time/day/week/moment/period/occasionwhen=at/in/on/during which地点the place/room/situation/case/point/activitywhere=in/at/on which原因the r
30、easonwhy=for which 1.Ill never forget the day _I joined the League.A.on which B.in which C.which D.at which2.Do you know the reason _he was late?A.that B.which C.for what D.for which3 The Second World War _millions of people were killed in 1945.A.during which B.in that C.where D.on which4.The first
31、time _ I saw Mr Li was in 1958.A.when B.where C.which D.that 5.Do you remember the name of the company _?A.where she works at B.in which she works C.for which she works in D.in where she worksComplete the following sentences using which/that,why,where,when or preposition+which(whom).1.Hangzhou is th
32、e place _ I went last summer.2.He read the book _ his sister had told him about.3.The reason _ Peter is so happy is that he passed the exam.where/to whichwhich/thatwhy/for which4.I remember the day _ my father died.I was only ten years old at that time.5.Please give me the reason _ you were late thi
33、s time.6.I will go back to the place _ I grew up and live there forever.when/on whichwhy/for whichwhere/in/at which1.China is a beautiful country,_ _ we are proud.2.Do you remember the day _ _ you joined our club?3.This is the house _ _ I lived two years ago.4.In the dark street,there wasnt a single
34、 person _ _ she could turn for help.5.In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ _ she could ask for help.of on which in which to whomfrom whomwhichIII.Fill in the blanks with“preposition+which/whom”:6.In his room,we saw a big table _ _ there were 3 magazines.7.Glasses,_ _I cant see clearly,ar
35、e really important for me.8.This is the man _ _ I learned the news.9.The pen _ _ I write every day is broken.10.The man _ _ I bought the picture is over 80.11.Can you give me some paper _ _ I can write a note?on without which from whom with which for/from whom onwhichwhich12.I think the way _ _ some of you learn English is not correct.13.Family fights are the things _ _ I feel upset.14.Do you know the woman _our teacher is talking?15.This is the desk _ Lu Xun used to sit studying.in whichabout which with/about whom at which
