1、2020-2021 学年度大庆市第四中学高一年级英语开学验收试题满分：100 分考试时间：120 分钟一、阅读选择AAn endangered deer with vampire-like sharp teeth was spotted for the first time in nearly60 years,in a remote forest in northeastern Afghanistan.The creature is known as theKashmir musk deer,and it is native to the Himalayas of northern India
2、,Pakistans Kashmirregion and northern Afghanistan.Only the male deer have sharp teeth,and they use them during mating season to competefor females.A team of researchers searched Afghanistans Nuristan province during 2008 and2009,and recorded five sightings of the animal.This was the first time the s
3、pecies had beenspotted since 1948.During the survey,the researchers spotted a single male Kashmir muskdeer near the same area three separate times.The researchers also recorded one female andher baby,and saw a second single female that they think may have been the same deer,without her baby.These mu
4、sk deer are classified as an endangered species on theInternational Union for Conservation of Natures Red List.Musk-deer meat is a local delicacy,but the species is mostly hunted for its scent glands(香腺)that are more valuable by weightthan gold-some believe the glands have pharmaceutical(药学的)propert
5、ies,and they sellfor nearly$20,455 per pound($45,000 per kilogram)on the black market,according to theInternational Union for Conservation of Nature.Three decades of war have ravaged Nuristan province,and the continued violence andpolitical instability make the black-market trade of scent glands unc
6、ontrollable.Furthermore,the species is quickly losing suitable habitat.All of the musk deer were spotted on shelteredrocky outcrops around 9,843 feet(3,000 meters)high.In the summer,they regularly trek(跋涉)along steep slopes that make them almost impossible to approach and keep themrelatively safe fr
7、om hunters.However,heavy snowfall in the winter drives the species fartherdown,to more human-accessible slopes,and hunters come from all over the country to trackthe deer for their valuable scent glands.Due to violence and unrest,nongovernmental organizations like the WildlifeConservation Society ha
8、ve not been able to operate in the Nuristan province since 2010.TheWCS maintains contact with locals they have trained to survey and search for the musk deer.Once the situation in Nuristan improves,the WCS intends to return to the area to continueresearch and to formulate a conservation plan.1Why do
9、es male deer use sharp teeth in mating season?ATo fight for their land.BTo beat for females.CTo hunt for food.DTo frighten their enemies.2What can we learn from the passage?AAll of the Kashmir musk deer in the mountainous area have sharp teeth.BPeople hunt for the deer mainly because their meat is d
10、elicious.CIt is relatively easier for hunters to hunt the rare species in winter.DThe Kashmir musk deer are fierce animals because of their sharp teeth.3Which factor does not contribute to the uncontrollable trade in the black market?AGovernment control.BContinued violence.CPolitical instability.DYe
11、ars of war.4Which of the following statements about the Wildlife Conservation Society is true?AIt has been doing research on the musk deer in this area since 2010.BIt has sent a small group of people to search for the musk deer.CIt is one of the organizations sponsored by governments worldwide.DIt i
12、s making efforts to help and protect this rare species in the area.BFriday was Chatty Bus day,an experiment aimed at getting people to talk to eachother on public transport.This is not an idea that would appeal to those who commute in therush hour,because there is a smaller distance within which its
13、 just as uncomfortable to talk.Elbow(肘)room is a precondition for sociability.It is no coincidence that the first trulypersonal music player,the Sony Walkman,was invented in Japan where the commuter trainsare literally crowded with people.We will also not talk to strangers who are physically too far
14、 away,of course.No onewants to shout their small talk.Only on country buses or similar unhurried and uncrowdedforms of public transport can people reach out to their neighbors,confident that they aredoing so from a position of strength and autonomy.For all these drawbacks,the idea of talking to stra
15、ngers is still a good one,and thepromotion of sociability is good for society.Although it does seem to be a general rule thatpeople are friendlier the fewer there are of them and more hostile and indifferent as cities getmore crowded,there are still considerable cultural variations.And there is evid
16、ence thatfriendlier places are also healthier,and their inhabitants happier.It is true that the apparent loneliness of many people on public transport is a falseimpression.Many will be caught up with conversations with distant friends on their phones;somewill be talking to the people in books.Some m
17、ay be in willed solitude with their headphones.But there are always people who would be interested in an unexpected conversation with astranger.This need not go on for too long.It is not large and possibly life-changing conversations that are what most people inloneliness miss most.What they really
18、need is not deep thought but superficiality.The kind ofconversation that you could have with anyone reminds you that you yourself might be anyone.It is a release from the prison of the self,which is where lonely people serve their sentences,uncertain whether they ever can be paroled(假释).Friendship m
19、ay be too rare a gift to hopefor,but sometimes the kindest thing to say is also the simplest:Dont be a stranger-andsometimes thats also enough.5According to Paragraph 1,why the first Walkman appeared in Japan partly?Aits corporate cultureBits overcrowded public transportCits peoples creativityDits p
20、eoples desire for personal space6Which of the following belongs to these drawbacks underlined in paragraph 3?AChatty Bus day has not been introduced to other areas.BWalkman prevents passengers from talking to each other.CPassengers are unwilling to make small talk with strangers.DImproper physical d
21、istance discourages casual communication.7What is the author most likely to agree with?ASmall talk to strangers will help ease loneliness on the road.BLonely people are in desperate need of deep conversation.CPeople in less populated cities tend to be cold and distant.DIts inadvisable to talk to str
22、angers who are physically too close.8What is the authors main purpose in writing the text?ATo cast new light on human loneliness.BTo introduce an experiment and its effects.CTo advocate striking up conversations with strangers.DTo explore the relationship between physical distance and willingness to
23、 reach out.CEven with wonderful friends,family and a partner,I dont always want to besurrounded by people.“Table for one?Or will someone else be joining you?”A dinnerreservation for one person never fails to raise a few eyebrows.I actively choose to spend timealone when possible.But not everyone has
24、 the luxury of choosing to be alone,of course,many are forced into one-on-one time because they have no one.But for those of us who spend our days surrounded by colleagues in the workplace,ourevenings and weekends with family,friends and partners,all the while being constantlybombarded by WhatsApp,s
25、ocial media and email,time to ourselves can be a rare treat.Timeto yourself not only gives you the chance to do practical things you dont normally get roundto but also the activities your pals dont want to do.In a less real way,spending time alonealso allows-or perhaps forces-you to sit with your ow
26、n thoughts,to think about things thatmight normally be drowned out by conversation and the noise of companionship.Whenyoure alone you get time to think without purpose.It is worth noting that Im a real introvert(性格内向者）,so perhaps sitting alone with mythoughts-refilling my energy reserves-might just
27、be indulging personality traits that othersdont have.But I believe more people could benefit from it.Given this constant social conditioning since childhood that we should be surrounded bypeople,its no wonder many hesitate to press forward at the idea of spending time alone-asign weve failed at clim
28、bing that social ladder.And if youre an extrovert who gets theirenergy from other people,this must be even harder.But as someone who has come to lovespending time alone,even when there are many wonderful souls in my life I can spend timewith,I wish more people would give solo a go.Reservation for on
29、e,please.9What can we learn from the first paragraph?AThe author wants to be alone all the time.BThe author feels bored with family and friends.CSurrounded by people,the author still feels lonely.DReserving a table for one will draw disapproving looks.10What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
30、AThe benefits of alone time.BThe weaknesses of social media.CThe definition of being alone.DThe ways of spending time alone.11How does an introvert regain their energy according to the author?ABy eating delicious food.BBy reflecting on their own thoughts.CBy socializing with others.DBy reading their
31、 favourite books.12The last sentence Reservation for one,please.is intended to.Aquote others wordsBanswer the waiters questionCexcite the readers appetiteDstress the authors determination二、七选五（两篇）AChoose Action Over PerfectionImperfect progress realized is better than perfection imagined.13.A perfec
32、tlyoutline novel is unreadable until it moves out of the outline and into words,dialogues,conflicts and characters.Thats why we should choose action over perfection.Here aresome suggestions to help you act.Just do it.Whatever it is,just grab 5 minutes and put it into imperfect,beautiful,and flawed a
33、ction that will result in imperfect,beautiful,and flawed value.Dont thinktoo hard about it.14.Instead,just focus on the work you can do today.Were not goodat assessing our own competencies.Thats part of the reason that taking action is so scary,but dont hesitate.15.If you keep a journal,try logging
34、both your failures and your successes for aweek or so.Compare the two categories.Log your movement forward,no matter howsmall.Perspective matters.Failure teaches.Success follows.Some things simply arentworth it.Even an overwhelming sense of obligation doesnt change that fact.16.Work on your assignme
35、nt.Keep writing,sketching,painting or whatever it is youneed to be doing.Keep taking one small imperfect action after another.17 becauseyoull never be.Dont wait until its perfect,because its rarely going to happen.Dontwait at all.AExpect something perfectBThis may sound confusingCKeep track of what
36、you doDDont wait until youre readyE.Dont focus on the goals of perfectionF.So let go of the stuff that doesnt matterG.A perfectly imagined work of art is useless until it exists outside of your headBWhen you prepare to go mountain biking,there are a few things to keep in mind.18Work out whether you
37、plan on taking exciting trips far off the beaten path or ridingon more standard trails,and whether you want to complete long-distance mountain journeysor shorter ones.The next step is to make sure you have a good understanding of the InternationalMountain Bicycling Associations Rules of the Trail.19
38、 First,make sure to only ride onopen trails.This means staying away from private property,closed roads,and especiallywilderness areas.Be considerate of others who are using the same paths as you,be theymountain bikers,horseback riders,or mountain climbers.If the path is narrow,slow your bikeor walk
39、it to give your fellow travelers room.The third step is to make sure you have a bike that is appropriate for the type of ridingyou plan to do.20 Dont be afraid to shop around quite a bitafter all,this is somethingyoull be spending quite some time on,and a bad fit can make for a lot of suffering down
40、 thetrail.The type of bike you choose is entirely dependent on the style of mountain biking youwish to pursue,so think it through carefully.Finally,get gear together for your trip and choose some trails.Always make sure you areentirely self-sufficient on the trail.21 It is also important to carry a
41、sturdy helmet,and anytools or supplies youll need to do quick repairs or changes if the weather turns.22Just remember,this isnt a competitionunless of course youre racingso just stick towhat you find fun,and take it all at your own pace.Happy trails!ABe careful of animals on the path.BMake sure to c
42、arry enough water and food.CTest riding different bikes to find the right one for you.DChoose short runs that can help you get used to the sport.E.The first step is to decide what sort of riding you plan to do.F.In a word,dont get yourself in trouble and burden others.G.Make sure you look after your
43、 environment and get on with others along the way.三、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式.AComrades,friends,ladies and gentlemen,greetings to you all!The year 2021 is arriving.From Chinas capital Beijing,I extend my New Year wishes toyou all!2020 was 23 extraordinary year.Facing the sudden COVID-
44、19 pandemic,we putpeople and their 24(life)first to interpret the great love among humans.With solidarity(团结)and resilience(坚韧),we 25(write)the epic(史诗)of our fight against the pandemic.During the days when we managed to overcome the hardships together,we saw theheroic spirit of marching straight to
45、 the frontlines,holding posts with tenacity(顽强),takingresponsibility to get through thick and thin,sacrifices with 26(brave),and touchingmoments of helping each other.From 27(medicine)workers to the peoples army,from scientific researchers tocommunity workers,from volunteers to those 28 built the pr
46、ojects,from seniors to youthsborn after the 1990s and 2000s,a great number of people completed their tasks at the cost oftheir lives and protected humanity with sincere love.They pooled their drops of strength29 great power and built an iron wall 30(protect)lives.Many figures marched ahead without h
47、esitation,many relays were accomplished hand inhand,and many scenes showed touching moments.All these have 31(vivid)displayed thegreat spirit of fighting against the pandemic.Greatness is forged(铸造)in the ordinary.Heroes come from the people.Every personis remarkable!Our sympathy goes to all the unf
48、ortunate ones 32(infect)with the coronavirus!Wesalute(向致敬)all the ordinary heroes!I am proud of our great motherland and people,as well as the unyielding(顽强不屈的)national spirit.(Adapted from Chinese President Xi Jinpings speech made to welcome the New Year of2021.)B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The g
49、iant panda,also known as panda bear 33 simply panda,is a bearnative 34 south central China.In the past many years,the giant panda 35(drive)out of thelowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming,deforestation and other development.Wild population estimates vary:one estimate 36(show)that t
50、here are about 1,590individuals living in the wild,while a 2006 study estimated that this figure could be as high as2,000 to 3,000.Some reports also show that the number of giant pandas in the wild is on therise.The West first learned of the giant panda on March 11,1869,37 the Frenchmissionary(传教士)A
51、rmand David received a panda skin from a hunter.In 1936,RuthHarkness became the first Westerner to bring a live giant panda named Su Lin to theBrookfield Zoo in Chicago.38(protect)the pandas,in 2012,Earthwatch Institute,39 global nonprofit organization that teams volunteers with scientists to conduc
52、timportant 40(science)research,41(launch)a program called“On the Trail of GiantPanda”.This program,based in the Wolong National Nature Reserve,allows volunteers towork up close with pandas 42(care)for in captivity(圈养),and help them gradually adapt tolife in the wild.四、完形填空A loving person lives in a
53、loving world.A hostile(敌意的)person lives in a hostileworld.Everyone you meet is your mirror.Mirrors have a very particular43.They reflect the image in front of them.Justas a44mirror works as the vehicle to reflection45do all of the people inour lives.When we see something beautiful such as a flower g
54、arden,that garden46areflection.When we love someone,its a(n)47of loving ourselves.We have oftenheard things like“I love how I am when Im with that person”.That simply48into“Im able to love me when I love that other person.”49when we meet someone new,we feel as though we“click”.Sometimes its as if we
55、ve50each other for a longtime.That feeling can come from51similarities.Just as the“mirror”or other people can be a positive reflection,it is more likely thatwell52it when it has a negative connotation(内涵).53its easy toremember the times when we have met someone were not particularly54about.Wemay hav
56、e some criticism(批评)in our mind about the55.This is especially truewhen we get to know someone with whom we would rather spend56time.Often when we57qualities in other people,ironically(讽刺地),its usually themirror thats58to us.At times we meet someone59and feel distant disconnected or disgusted.60we d
57、ont want to believe it and its not easy or61to look further,it can be agreat learning lesson to62what part of the person is being reflected in you.Itssimply just another way to create more self-awareness.43AtargetBstyleCfunctionDcolor44AmedicalBphysicalCchemicalDmental45AsoBthenCnorDneither46Afocuse
58、s onBapplies toCworks withDserves as47ArewardBevaluationCreflectionDexample48AgrowsBtranslatesCentersDfalls49AObviouslyBStrangelyCFortunatelyDFrequently50AknownBsupportedCobservedDrecognized51AcreatingBlackingCsharingDcomparing52AignoreBkeepCtakeDnotice53AIn briefBIn additionCFor exampleDAs usual54A
59、crazyBanxiousCupsetDconcerned55AtimeBmirrorCgardenDperson56AlessBamazingCmoreDvaluable57AappreciateBdislikeCdescribeDdiscover58AshoutingBshiningCspeakingDpointing59AnewBnervousCfamiliarDfriendly60AIfBAlthoughCSinceDOnce61AterribleBnobleCreliableDdesirable62Afigure outBtake outCput outDgive out五、作文63
60、 以“春节”为题，写一篇 100 字左右的英语短文，内容包括以下几点：1春节是中国的传统节日之一，它也是中国最重要的节日；2庆祝春节的目的在于辞旧迎新；3在中国，人们以多种形式庆祝春节，如：放烟花，爆竹，吃团圆饭等；4春节时，家家户户吃饺子，以及给小孩压岁钱是中国人的习俗；5人们见面时，相互拜年，祝福大家在新的一年里的好运气。注：烟花 firework爆竹 frie-crackers答案第 1页，总 14页参考答案1B2C3A4D【分析】这是一篇说明文。在阿富汗东北部的一个偏远森林里，人们在近 60 年来首次发现了一只长着像吸血鬼一样锋利牙齿的濒危鹿。这种动物被称为克什米尔麝，原产于印度北部的
61、喜马拉雅山脉、巴基斯坦克什米尔地区和阿富汗北部。文章讲述了这种鹿可能灭绝的原因以及人们对其采取的保护措施。1细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Only the male deer have sharp teeth,and they use them duringmating season to compete for females.（只有公鹿有锋利的牙齿，它们在交配季节用它们来争夺母鹿。）”可知，在交配季节，公鹿运用它们的尖牙来争夺母鹿。故选 B 项。2细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“However,heavy snowfall in the winter drives the speciesf
62、arther down,to more human-accessible slopes,and hunters come from all over the country totrack the deer for their valuable scent glands.（然而，冬季的大雪将鹿群逼到了人类更容易到达的山坡上，全国各地的猎人都赶来追踪它们宝贵的气味腺。）”可知，夏天鹿们在比较高的地方觅食，猎人们不大可能靠近它们，但到了冬天，因为大雪使得这些鹿们不得不到更低的山坡上觅食，猎人们就更容易猎杀它们。故选 C 项。3细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句“Three decades of war
63、 have ravaged Nuristan province,andthe continued violence and political instability make the black-market trade of scent glandsuncontrollable.（三十年的战争蹂躏了努里斯坦省，持续的暴力和政治不稳定使得气味腺的黑市交易无法控制。）”可知，导致这种鹿在黑市交易失控的原因包括连年的战争、持续的暴力和政治不稳定，不包括政府的控制。故选 A 项。4细节理解题。根据最后一段“The WCS maintains contact with locals they hav
64、e trained to survey答案第 2页，总 14页and search for the musk deer.Once the situation in Nuristan improves,the WCS intends to returnto the area to continue research and to formulate a conservation plan.（野生动物保护协会与当地人保持着联系，他们接受过调查和寻找麝的训练。一旦努里斯坦的情况有所改善，WCS 打算返回该地区继续研究并制定保护计划。）”可知，WCS 是个无政府组织，他们一直在努力帮助保护这种珍稀动物
65、。故选 D 项。5B6D7A8C【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者介绍了在现代社会，陌生人之间建立沟通交流的阻碍因素以及这种陌生人之间随意的交谈带来的益处，最后呼吁大家敞开心扉，通过沟通交流积极打破这种陌生人之间的距离感。5细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is no coincidence that the first truly personal music player,theSony Walkman,was invented in Japan where the commuter trains are literally crowded withpeople.（第一台真正的个人音乐播放器索尼随
66、身听，是日本发明的这并不是巧合，日本的通勤列车是真的挤满了。）”可知，第一部随身听出现在日本是因为过度拥挤的公共交通。故选 B。6细节理解题。根据第二段中“We will also not talk to strangers who are physically too far away,ofcourse.No one wants to shout their small talk.（当然，我们也不愿意和离我们太远的陌生人说话。没有人想要大声说出自己的闲聊内容。）”可知，不恰当的物理距离会阻碍人与人之间正常随意的交流，这是横线处所指的“这些缺点”之一。故选 D。7推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I
67、t is a release from the prison of the self,which is where lonelypeople serve their sentences,uncertain whether they ever can be paroled(假释)。（孤独的人会给自己设置牢笼，宣判自己而且不确定自己是否可以被假释，这样一种闲聊对他们来说就是一种释放。）”可知，作者认为，与陌生人在路上的闲聊可以帮助缓解孤独。故选 A。答案第 3页，总 14页8推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Friendship may be too rare a gift to hope for,bu
68、t sometimes thekindest thing to say is also the simplest:Dont be a stranger-and sometimes thats also enough.（友谊可能是一份太稀有的礼物因而无法去期待，但是有时候最好的也就是最简单的，就是说出“不要成为一个陌生人”，这就够了。）”可知，作者在文章中叙述的阻碍陌生人之间的闲聊的因素以及这种闲聊的好处，都是为了提倡大家探索物理距离、积极地与陌生人之间建立起沟通交流。故选 C。9D10A11B12D【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文介绍了作者认为人都需要独处的时间，独处能让你远离社交软件的轰炸，留出
69、时间去做一些实事，整理自己的思绪，发展个人性格特质。9细节理解题。根据第一段“A dinner reservation for one person never fails to raise a feweyebrows.”作者认为一个人外出就餐时总是会引来别人的侧目，可知大多数人不赞成一个人外出吃饭。故选 D 项。10主旨大意题。根据第二段“Time to yourself not only gives you the chance to do practical thingsyou dont normally get round to but also the activities your
70、 pals dont want to do.”（独处的时间不仅能让你做一些实事，那些事情可能是平时无法做或朋友不爱做的事情。）“spending timealone also allows-or perhaps forces-you to sit with your own thoughts,to think about things（独处也允许或强迫你坐下来整理思绪，好好考虑事情）”和“When youre alone you get time to thinkwithout purpose.”(当你独自一人的时候，你有时间没有目的去思考。)可知作者在第二段主要介绍了独处的好处，故选 A 项
71、。11细节理解题。根据第三段“It is worth noting that Im a real introvert(性格内向者）,so perhapssitting alone with my thoughts-refilling my energy reserves-might just be indulging personality答案第 4页，总 14页traits that others dont have.”(值得注意的是，我是一个性格内向者，所以也许独自坐着思考补充我的能量储备可能只是满足于别人没有的个性特征。)可知性格内向者可以通过独处深思补充能量，发展个人特质。故选 B 项
72、。12推理判断题。最后一段“Reservation for one,please.”（请预定一个人的位置）与第一段独自一个人用餐会引来别人的侧目呼应，第二到第四段作者阐述了独处的益处及呼吁大家多留时间独处做些有意义的事情。所以最后一段“Reservation for one,please.”是为了强调作者的决心，故选 D 项。【点睛】概括段落大意的方法是：先看段首或段尾再看全段找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括。本篇是一篇议论文，考生可以寻找表达作者观点态度的词句。作者在第二段讲述独处的三个好处。因此，考生直接抓住第二段中三个句子即可找到段落大意。13G14E15C16F17D【分
73、析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助读者行动的建议。13上文“Imperfect progress realized is better than perfection imagined.(实现的不完美进步比想象中的完美要好)”说明想象中的完美并没有很好。下文“A perfectly outline novel is unreadableuntil it moves out of the outline and into words,dialogues,conflicts and characters.Thats why weshould choose action over perf
74、ection.(一部有完美轮廓的小说除非脱离轮廓，进入文字、对话、冲突和人物，否则是无法读懂的。这就是为什么我们应该选择行动而不是完美)”说明作品是需要行动而不是完美。G 选项 A perfectly imagined work of art is useless until it exists outside ofyour head.(一件完美想象的艺术品只有在它存在于你的头脑之外时才会有用处)说明艺术品的完美只存在于头脑之外时才有用处，符合上下文意。故选 G 项14答案第 5页，总 14页下文“Instead,just focus on the work you can do today.
75、(相反，只专注于你今天能做的工作)”说明人们应该专注面前的工作。E 选项 Dont focus on the goals of perfection.(不要专注于完美的目标)说明不能专注于完美的目标，与下文 instead 呼应，符合文意。故选 E 项。15下文“If you keep a journal,try logging both your failures and your successes for a week or so.(如果你坚持写日记，试着用一周左右的时间记录你的成功和失败)”说明我们需要记录自己的成功和失败。C 选项 Keep track of what you do.
76、(记录你所做的事情)符合下文文意。故选 C 项。16上文“Some things simply arent worth it.Even an overwhelming sense of obligation doesntchange that fact.(有些事情就是不值得。即使是强烈的责任感也改变不了这个事实)”说明我们应该放弃不值得的事情。F 选项 So let go of the stuff that doesnt matter.(所以，放开那些不重要的事情)符合文意。故选 F 项。17上文“Keep taking one small imperfect action after ano
77、ther.(不停地做一个又一个不完美的小动作)”说明我们需要不停地做每一个不完美的小动作，而不是等待。下文“Dont wait until itsperfect,because its rarely going to happen.Dont wait at all.(不要等到它完美了，因为它很少会发生。完全不要等待)”说明填空处与不要等待有关。D 选项 Dont wait until youre ready(不要等到你准备好了)符合上下文意。故选 D 项。18E19G20C21B22F【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就去骑山地自行车提出了一些建议和注意事项。18根据后文“Work out wh
78、ether you plan on taking exciting trips far off the beaten path or riding onmore standard trails,and whether you want to complete long-distance mountain journeys orshorter ones.(弄清楚你计划进行令人兴奋的旅行，远离人潮汹涌的道路或骑在更标准的小路答案第 6页，总 14页上，你是否想完成长途的山区旅行还是较短的)”可知，后文主要就骑车的环境进行了列举，可知第一个建议是决定在哪种环境下骑车。故 E 选项“第一步是决定你打算
79、在哪种环境下骑车”符合语境，故选 E。19根据后文“First,make sure to only ride on open trails.This means staying away from privateproperty,closed roads,and especially wilderness areas.Be considerate of others who are using thesame paths as you,be they mountain bikers,horseback riders,or mountain climbers.If the path isnarr
80、ow,slow your bike or walk it to give your fellow travelers room.(首先，确保只在开阔的小路上骑行。这意味着远离私人财产，封闭的道路，特别是荒野地区。要体谅和你走同一条路的人，无论是山地自行车手、骑马者还是登山者。如果道路很窄，放慢你的自行车或步行，给你的同伴空间)”可知，后文提到了注意骑车的周边的环境和同行的人和睦相处，故 G 选项“确保你能顾全好环境，并且一路上与他人和睦相处”符合语境，故选 G。20根据上文“The third step is to make sure you have a bike that is appro
81、priate for the type of ridingyou plan to do.(第三步是确保你有一辆适合你计划骑的自行车)”可知，上文提到要有一辆适合自己的自行车，C 选项中 the right one for you 对应上文中 appropriate for the type of ridingyou plan to do。故 C 选项“试骑不同的自行车，找到适合你的”符合语境，故选 C。21根据上文“Finally,get gear together for your trip and choose some trails.Always make sure youare ent
82、irely self-sufficient on the trail.(最后，为你的旅行准备好装备，并选择一些路线。一定要确保你在旅途中完全自给自足)”可知，上文提到了旅行要戴好装备，故本句承接上文具体说明要带的东西。故 B 选项“一定要带足够的水和食物”符合语境，故选 B。22根据上文“It is also important to carry a sturdy helmet,and any tools or supplies youll need to doquick repairs or changes if the weather turns.(同样重要的是要带上坚固的头盔，以及在天气
83、变化时快速维修或更换所需的任何工具或用品)”可知，上文提到要带上头盔和相关工具用品，可见是为了不让自己在旅行中遇到麻烦，故 F 选项“总之，不要让自己陷入麻烦，也不要给别人带来负担”符合语境，故选 F。23an答案第 7页，总 14页24lives25wrote26bravery27medical28who29into30to protect31vividly32infected【分析】本文是一篇演讲稿，节选自习近平总书记 2021 年的新年贺词。23考查冠词。句意：2020 年是不平凡的一年。根据句意“不平凡的一年”可知，此处是泛指，要用不定冠词，且 extraordinary(不平凡的)是
84、元音音素开头，应用 an。故填 an。24考查名词复数。句意：面对突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情，我们以人为本，以生命为先，诠释人类伟大的爱。根据空格前的形容词性物主代词 their 可知，此处需要填入可数名词 life(生命)的复数，表示“人们的生命”。故填 lives。25考查动词时态。句意：我们以团结和韧性谱写了抗击疫情的史诗。根据句意可知，此处讲述的是“2020 年抗击疫情”，为过去发生的事情，需要用一般过去时。主语 we 和谓语 write 是主动关系。故填 wrote。26考查名词。句意：在我们共同战胜艰难困苦的日子里，我们看到了挺进前线、坚守岗位、担当风雨、英勇牺牲、相互帮助的感人时刻的
85、英雄气概。根据空格前的介词 with，此处填入不可数名词 bravery，做介词 with 的宾语。故填 bravery。27考查形容词。句意：从医务人员到人民军队，从科研人员到社区工作者，从志愿者到工程建设人员，从老年人到上世纪 90 年代、2000 年代以后出生的青年，一大批人以生命为代价完成了自己的任务，用真挚的爱保护着人类。根据空格后的名词 workers 可知，此处应用形容答案第 8页，总 14页词修饰。故填 medical。28考查定语从句。句意见上一题。分析句子结构中可知，此处是限定性定语从句，先行词 those，指人，在从句做主语，应用关系代词 who 引导。故填 who。29
86、考查介词。句意：他们把自己的点滴力量凝聚成强大的力量，筑起一道铁墙来保护生命。根据句意可知，此处表达“把自己的力量凝聚成巨大的力量”，介词 into 译为“到里面，进入”的含义。故填 into。30考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据句意可知，此处表达“来保护生命”，应用不定式表目的。故填 to protect。31考查副词。句意：这些都生动体现了抗击疫情的伟大精神。此处修饰动词 display(展现)，应用副词。故填 vividly。32考查非谓语动词。句意：我们向所有不幸感染新冠病毒的人表示同情！infect 与逻辑主语 theunfortunate ones(不幸的人)是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去
87、分词，表被动。故填 infected。33or34to35has been driven36shows37when38To protect39a40scientific41launched42cared【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大熊猫的情况。答案第 9页，总 14页【详解】1.考查连词。句意：大熊猫，又称熊猫熊或简称熊猫，是一种产于中国中南部的熊。根据句子结构可知，“panda bear”和“simply panda”为并列成分，表示选择，意为“或者”，故答案为 or。2.考查介词。句意：大熊猫，又称熊猫熊或简称熊猫，是一种产于中国中南部的熊。be nativeto 为固定搭配，意为“
88、原产于”，故答案为 to。3.考查动词时态和语态。句意：由于农业、森林砍伐和其他发展，大熊猫离开了它曾经生活的低地地区。分析句子成分可知，drive 在句中作谓语动词，根据“In the past many years”可知，此处应该用现在完成时；主语“the giant panda”和谓语动词“drive out”之间为被动关系，且主语是单数，故答案为 has been driven。4.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：对野生动物数量的估计各不相同:一项估计显示，大约有 1590 只野生动物，而 2006 年的一项研究估计，这一数字可能高达 2000 至 3000 只。分析句子结构可知，sho
89、w 为谓语动词，一般现在时，主语是“one estimate”为单数，故答案为 shows。5.考查定语从句。句意：西方第一次了解大熊猫是在 1869 年 3 月 11 日，法国传教士(传教士)阿尔芒大卫接到一个猎人的熊猫的皮肤。分析句子结构可知，此句为非限定性定语从句，先行词为“on March 11,1869”，在从句中作时间状语，故答案为 when。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护大熊猫，2012 年，由志愿者和科学家组成的全球非营利组织地球观察研究所启动了一个名为“大熊猫踪迹追踪”的项目。protect 在句中表示目的，故答案为 To protect。7.考查冠词。句意：为了保护大熊
90、猫，2012 年，由志愿者和科学家组成的全球非营利组织地球观察研究所启动了一个名为“大熊猫踪迹追踪”的项目。句中“organization”为可数名词表单数，故前面应填冠词，“global”为辅音音素开头，故答案为 a。8.考查形容词。句意：为了保护大熊猫，2012 年，由志愿者和科学家组成的全球非营利组织地球观察研究所启动了一个名为“大熊猫踪迹追踪”的项目。分析句子可知，research 之前应该用形容词，故答案为 scientific。9.考查动词时态。句意：为了保护大熊猫，2012 年，由志愿者和科学家组成的全球非营利组织地球观察研究所启动了一个名为“大熊猫踪迹追踪”的项目。根据时间状语
91、 in 2012，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，故答案为 launched。10.考查非谓语动词。句意：这个程序中,总部位于卧龙国家级自然保护区,让志愿者与大熊猫近距离工作照顾被囚禁(圈养),并帮助他们逐渐适应生活在野外。分析句意可知，care 在句答案第 10页，总 14页中为非谓语动词，在句中作 pandas 的后置定语，panda 与 care 之间为被动关系，故答案为cared。43C44B45A46D47C48B49D50A51C52D53C54A55D56A57B58C59A60B61D62A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是我们遇到的人都是我们的“镜子”。一个充满爱的人生活在充满
92、爱的世界里。充满敌意的人生活在充满敌意的世界里。因此，弄清楚别人的哪些特质在自己身上有所体现是非常重要的。43考查名词词义辨析。句意：镜子有一个非常特别的功能。A.target 目标；B.style 风格；C.function 功能；D.color 颜色。根据下一句“They reflect the image in front of them.(它们能反映答案第 11页，总 14页出自己面前的形象)”可知，本句说的是镜子具有独特的功能。故选 C 项。44考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就像一个物理镜子作为反射的载体一样，我们生活中的所有人也是如此。A.medical 医疗的；B.physical
93、物理的，身体上的；C.chemical 化学上的；D.mental精神上的。由句意描述“反射的载体”可知，此处是现实中的，物理上的镜子。故选 B 项。45考查副词词义辨析。句意：就像一个物理镜子作为反射的载体一样，我们生活中的所有人也是如此。A.so 所以；B.then 然后；C.nor 也不，也没有；D.neither 也不。本句是把我们生活中的人比作镜子，因为前面的句子是肯定形式，因此选择 so，表示“某人或某物也”故选 A 项。46考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们看到美丽的事物时，比如一座花园，那座花园就起到了反射的作用。A.focuses on 专注于；B.applies to 应用于；
94、C.works with 与工作，对有效；D.serves as 担任，充当。由句意可知，结合下文提到“When we love someone,its a(n)5of loving ourselves.(当我们爱一个人时，这是爱我们自己的反映)”可知，此处描述镜子的积极作用，所以当我们看到漂亮的花园，花园就充当一面镜子。故选 D 项。47考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们爱一个人时，这是爱我们自己的反映。A.reward 奖励；B.evaluation 评价；C.reflection 反映；D.example 例子。由前文可知，看见美丽的花园，花园就充当一面镜子，反映积极的方面，由此可知，爱别人
95、就是爱自己的“反映”。故选 C 项。48考查动词词义辨析。句意：这句话可以简单地说成：“在我爱那个人的同时，我也能爱我自己。”A.grows 成长；B.translates 翻译；C.enters 进入；D.falls 坠落。由句意可知，这是对前文的解释，所以用“翻译”符合句意。故选 B 项。49考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，当我们遇见一个新朋友时，我们会觉得我们一见如初。A.Obviously 显然地；B.Strangely 奇怪地；C.Fortunately 幸运地；D.Frequently 经常地，频繁地。frequently 与下一句中的频率副词 sometimes 呼应，表示对陌生人
96、感到熟悉的这种情况经常发生。故选 D 项。50答案第 12页，总 14页考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候就好像我们已经认识很长时间了。A.known 认识，知道；B.supported 支持；C.observed 观察；D.recognized 识别，认出。由上文描述的“有时候我们遇到新朋友会觉得一见如初”可知，此处描述有时候“我们”似乎“认识”了很长时间，故选 A项。51考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种感觉可能来自于分享相似之处。A.creating 创造；B.lacking缺乏；C.sharing 分享，共享；D.comparing 比较。由 similarities(相似之处)可知应用“共享”
97、，表示由共同之处。故选 C 项。52考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像“镜子”或他人能映射出我们积极的一面一样，我们更有可能注意到自己消极方面的“镜子”。A.ignore 忽略；B.keep 保持；C.take 拿住；D.notice 观察。由下文的例子提到“我们更容易去记住不太喜欢的人”可推知，我们更容易去“观察”我们的消极方面。故选 D 项。53考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，我们很容易记住我们遇到自己不太喜欢的人的时候。A.Inbrief 简言之；B.In addition 此外；C.For example 例如；D.As usual 照例。由前文提出的论点“我们更容易去观察消极方面”可知，此处
98、举例说明此观点，故选 C 项。54考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，我们很容易记住我们遇到自己不太喜欢的人的时候。A.crazy 疯狂的；B.anxious 焦虑的；C.upset 难过的；D.concerned 关心的。根据下文“We mayhave some criticism(批评)in our mind about the13.(我们可能会在心中对这个人有一些批评)”可知，我们对“这个人”不太喜欢，be not crazy about 表示“不喜欢”。故选 A 项。55考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可能会在心中对这个人有一些批评。A.time 时间；B.mirror镜子；C.garden
99、花园；D.person 人。由前文提到“遇到我们不太像话的人”可知，此处 the person指代“我们不太喜欢的人”。故选 D 项。56考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们遇到不喜欢相处的人的时候，这一点尤其明显。A.less更少的；B.amazing 令人惊讶的；C.more 更多的；D.valuable 有价值的。由前文内容可知，此处描述的是我们不喜欢的人，所以应该是想与他们相处“更少”的时间，既不喜欢与他们相答案第 13页，总 14页处。故选 A 项。57考查动词词义辨析。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，通常当我们不喜欢别人身上的某些品质时，那往往是自己身上的镜子在对我们说话。A.apprecia
100、te 感激，欣赏；B.dislike 不喜欢；C.describe 描述；D.discover 发现。由前文内容提到“遇到我们不喜欢的人”可知，此处描述的是镜子的消极作用，所以我们“不喜欢”别人身上的某些品质，就是自己身上的镜子在对我们说话。故选 B 项。58考查动词词义辨析。句意：具有讽刺意味的是，通常当我们不喜欢别人身上的某些品质时，那往往是自己身上的镜子在对我们说话。A.shouting 喊叫；B.shining 闪耀；C.speaking 说；D.pointing 指。由前文可知，镜子的功能是“反映”，所以当我们不喜欢别人身上的品质，既自己的身上的镜子在“对我们说话”。故选 C 项。5
101、9考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我们会遇到新的人，感到疏远或厌恶。A.new 新的；B.nervous 紧张的；C.familiar 熟悉的；D.friendly 友好的。根据“feel distant disconnected ordisgusted.(感到疏远或厌恶)”可知，此处是遇到新的人。故选 A 项。60考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们不愿意去相信，不容易也不想去深究，但弄清楚别人的哪些方面反映在自己身上，这是很好的一课。A.If 是否，假如；B.Although 尽管；C.Since自从；D.Once 曾经。由句意可知，此处表示让步，应用“although(尽管)”引导。故选 B
102、 项。61考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们不愿意去相信，不容易也不想去深究，但弄清楚别人的哪些方面反映在自己身上，这是很好的一课。A.terrible 糟糕的；B.noble 高尚的；C.reliable可靠的；D.desirable 有欲望的，令人向往的。根据前面的 not easy 可知，深究这个问题是不容易的或者有时也不愿去深究，因此 desirable 贴切语境。故选 D 项。62考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然我们不愿意去相信，不容易也不想去深究，但弄清楚别人的哪些方面反映在自己身上，这是很好的一课。A.figure out 弄清楚，搞明白；B.take out 拿出；C.put ou
103、t 熄灭，出版；D.give out 分发。由前文内容可知，“他人是我们自己的反映”，所以弄清楚别人的哪些特质在自己身上有所体现是非常重要的一课。故选 A 项。答案第 14页，总 14页63范文：The Spring Festival is one of the Chinese traditional festivals.Its also the most important festivalof china.The festival is meant to celebrate the ending of the past year and the beginning of thenew ye
104、ar.The Chinese usually celebrate the Spring Festival in many different ways,setting offfivework or fire-crackers,getting together for a big meal and so on.Its customs for the Chinesefamilies to have dumplings and give children lucky money.When meating each other,peopleusually say“Happy New year”to each other in orde to wish others good luck in the coming year.
