1、专题2名词考点具体语境中名词的使用真题解密Carbon dioxide，which makes a_between us and the sun，prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily，so the earth is becoming warmer.(2013湖北，22)Adifference BcomparisonCconnection Dbarrier答案D解析句意为：二氧化碳，在我们与太阳之间设置了一道屏障，阻止热量轻易地散发到大气层中，因此地球正变得更暖和。difference区别，不同；comparison对比，
2、比较；connection联系；barrier障碍，屏障。故选D项。变式训练Whenever I made mistakes，the teacher pointed them out with _.(2013江西，22)Acuriosity BsatisfactionCenvy Dpatience答案D解析本题考查名词词义辨析。curiosity 好奇心；satisfaction满意；envy忌妒；patience耐心。根据句意“每当我犯错的时候，老师总是耐心地指出我的错误”。可知D项意义合适。知识生成高考对名词的考查，以名词辨析为主，四个选项大多没有任何联系，旨在考查名词在语境中的应用，所以
3、对于名词的辨析题，一要掌握常见的几组名词的区别，二要注意不同名词在具体语境中所表示的特殊含义，三要会从该词的反义词、近义词角度去辨析，四要掌握名词的固定搭配，如set foot on，find fault with，keep pace with，put an end to等，这对于解答试题是很重要的。1Poetry written from the_of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.(2013湖北，21)Aperspective BpriorityCpartici
4、pation Dprivilege答案A解析考查名词辨析。句意为：从都市青年的视角写的诗歌倾向于反映他们因为缺乏归属感而产生的焦虑。A项意为“观点，看法”；B项意为“优先，优先权”；C项意为“参加，参与，分享”；D项意为“特权，优惠”。结合句意可知正确答案为A项。2With inspiration from other food cultures，American food culture can take a_for the better.(2013江苏，33)Ashare Bchance Cturn Dlead答案C解析句意为：受到了其他饮食文化的启发，美国的饮食文化正朝更好的方向发展。t
5、ake a share分担，为出力；take a chance冒险；take a turn转变，转弯；take a lead领先，带头。3The accident caused some_to my car，but its nothing serious.(2013辽宁，23)Aharm Binjury Cruin Ddamage答案D解析考查名词辨析。句意为：这次事故对我的车造成一些损伤，但不严重。根据but its nothing serious可知损伤不严重，用damage表示可以修复。harm一般指对人的无形伤害；injury指对人体部位的挫伤；ruin指不可修复的严重伤害。4Whil
6、e she was in Paris，she developed a _for fine art.(2013天津，7)Away Brelation Ctaste Dhabit答案C解析考查名词辨析。句意为：在巴黎期间，她喜欢上了艺术。develop a taste for.意为“养成爱好；喜欢上；爱上”。way方法；relation关系；taste爱好；habit习惯。5As the worlds population continues to grow，the _ of food becomes more and more of a concern.(2013浙江，4)Aworth Bsup
7、plyCpackage Dlist答案B解析句意为：随着世界人口持续增长，食品的供应成了人们越来越关心的事情。worth价值；supply供应；package包装；list名单。根据句意知，B项为正确答案。6My first _ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.(2012山东，24)Aexpression BattentionCsatisfaction Dimpression答案D解析expression表情，词语；attention注意(力)，专心，关注；satisfaction满意，满足；impression印象
8、。由题干中的关键信息“he was a kind and thoughtful young man”可推知这是“我”对他的“印象”。句意为：他给我的第一印象就是，他是一个和善且关心别人的年轻人。7Can I help you with it?I appreciate your_， but I can manage it myself.(2012江苏，21)Aadvice BquestionCoffer Didea答案C解析句意为：我可以帮你吗？我感激你主动提供帮助，但我自己能完成。offer出价，(主动提供)帮助，符合题意。advice建议，劝告；question问题；idea想法，主意。8Y
9、our_as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.(2012浙江，7)Aoperation BgrowthCperformance Dcharacter答案C解析句意为：作为一名学生，如果你能够养成对所学的东西进行思考的话，你的成绩会很棒的。performance成绩，表现，符合句意。operation操作，手术；growth增长；character人物，角色。9Why do you choose to work in an international travel
10、agency?Well，you know，English is my _.So it is my best choice.(2012福建，25)Astrength BtalentCability Dskill答案A解析strength长处；talent天赋；ability能力；skill技能。句意为：你为什么选择在家国际旅行社工作？噢，你知道的，英语是我的强项，所以那是我最好的选择。根据句意可知A项最符合。10You are working too hard.Youd better keep a_between work and relaxation.(2012天津，3)Apromise Bl
11、eadCbalance Ddiary答案C解析句意为：你工作太努力了。你最好保持工作和休息之间的平衡。keep a balance保持平衡，符合句意。keep a promise遵守诺言；lead带头，领先的地位；diary日记。活页练(二)_多项选择阅读理解完成句子.多项选择1The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a visa.(2012湖北，30)Apattern BprocedureCprogram Dperspective答案B解析句意为：这位官员坚持认定Michae
12、l没有按照正确的程序申请签证。B项意为“程序”，符合句意。A项意为“模式”；C项意为“节目”；D项意为“视角”，都与句意不符。2He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later.Its just a matter of _.(2012四川，15)Aluck BvalueCtime Dfact答案C解析本题考查名词辨析。句意为：他迟早会理解你付出的努力的。这只是时间问题。根据句意选C。3Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future_.(201
13、2江西，29)Apurpose BreferenceCprogress Dmemory答案B解析记下电话号码是以备日后参考，for future reference是字典中的典型表达。4Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday，they bring in a cake for us all to share.(2011山东，34)Atradition BbalanceCconcern Drelationship答案A解析句意为：在我们办公室有一个传统，那就是在某一个人过生日时，那个人就带一个蛋糕到办公室和大家一起分享。t
14、radition传统；balance平衡；concern关心；relationship关系。根据句意知选A。5The lack of ecofriendly habits among the public is thought to be a major_of global climate change.(2011福建，26)Aresult BcauseCwarning Dreflection答案B解析句意为：公众缺乏环境保护的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。result结果；cause起因；warning警告，告诫；reflection反映。由语境和句意可知：lack是原因，chan
15、ge是结果。故B项正确。6We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into _.Afact BrealityCpractice Ddeed答案C解析put.into/in practice 为习惯用语，意思是“把付诸实施”。7The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients，so he has a very good _.Aexpectation BreputationCcontribution D
16、civilization答案B解析expectation期望；reputation名声，声望，声誉；contribution贡献；civilization文明。结合句意可知答案应为B项。8He kept sending her presents in an attempt to win her _.Arespect BfavorCadmiration Dpleasure答案B解析句意为：他不停地送礼物给她，试图获得她的好感。favor喜爱，宠爱，好感，欢心。9Any help from you will be greatly appreciated.Please give me a reply
17、 at your earliest_.Aconvenience BconsiderationCinterruption Dimagination答案A解析at ones convenience在某人方便的时候。句意为：你们所提供的任何帮助我们都很感激，请在方便的时候尽早联系我们。10It is wellknown that Jinan is _ its 72 springs.Aknown as Bknown toCfamous for Dfamous as答案C解析句意为：众所周知济南因其72泉而闻名。be known as (be famous as)作为而出名；be known to为所熟
18、知；be famous for因而闻名。由句意可知选C。.阅读理解AADDIS ABABA，EthiopiaOne of the worlds most famous fossils (化石)the 3.2 millionyearold Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States，officials said Tuesday.Even the Ethiopian public has onl
19、y seen Lucy twice.The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital，Addis Ababa，is a_replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston，Texas，spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the US.tou
20、r，which will start in Houston next September.“Ethiopias rich culture of both the past and today，is one of the best kept secrets in the world，”said Joel Bartsch，director of the Houston museum.The sixyear tour will also go to Washington，New York，Denver and Chicago.Officials said six other US.cities ma
21、y be on the tour.But they said plans had not yet been worked out.Traveling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.Lucy，her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery，is part of the skeleton of what was once a 3 foottall apeman(猿人)(2012大纲全国，D)1The author writes this
22、text mainly to_.Aintroduce a few US.museumsBdescribe some research workCdiscuss the value of an apemanDreport a coming event答案D解析主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章可知，这篇报道主要介绍了将在美国巡回展出世界上最著名的化石之一“Lucy”。故为“报道一件即将到来的事件”。2What do the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AA painting of the skeleton.BA photograph of Lucy.
23、CA copy of the skeleton.DA written record of Lucy.答案C解析词义猜测题。本题可以根据划线词后的“while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom”进行推测。“while”表示转折，所以画线词肯定与“real”语意相反，故答案应为C，意为“一个骨骼的复制品”。A项为“骨骼的画像”；B项为“Lucy的照片”；D项为“Lucy的书面记录”。3How many cities has Lucys US.tour plan already included?AFour. BFiv
24、e. CSix. DEleven.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“.which will start in Houston.”和第四段中的“.will also go to Washington，New York，Denver and Chicago.”可知已经确定的展出城市为5个。4What was the skeleton named after?AAn apeman. BA song.CA singer. DA camp.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Lucy，her name taken from a Beatles song.”可知化石的名字来自于甲壳虫乐队的一首
25、歌。BThe technology is great.Without it we wouldnt have been able to put a man on the moon，explore the oceans depths or eat microwave sausages.Computers have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge.But sometimes this power can create more problems than it solv
26、es.Every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients whove come into their surgery waving an Internet printout，convinced that they have some rare incurable disease，say，throat cancer.The truth is usually far more ordinary，though: they dont have throat cancer，and its just that their throats
27、 are swollen.Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate selfhealthchecks.One day Mrs.Almond came to my hospital after feeling faint at work.While I took her blood sample and tried to find out what was wrong，she said calmly，“I know whats wrong; Ive got throat ca
28、ncer.I know theres nothing you doctors can do about it and Ive just got to wait until the day comes.”As a matter of routine I ordered a chest Xray.I looked at it and the blood results an hour later.Something wasnt right.“Did your local doctor do an Xray？” I asked.“Oh，I havent been to the doctor for
29、years，” she replied.“I read about it on a website and the symptoms fitted，so I knew thats what I had.”However，some of her symptoms，like the severe cough and weight loss，didnt fit with itbut shed just ignored this.I looked at the Xray again，and more tests confirmed it wasnt the cancer but tuberculosi
30、s (肺结核)something that most certainly did need treating，and could be deadly.She was lucky we caught it when we did.Mrs.Almond went pale when I explained she would have to be on treatment for the next six months to ensure that she was fully recovered.It was certainly a lesson for her.“Im_so_embarrasse
31、d，”she said，shaking her head，as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested.She listed up to about 20，and then I went to my office to type up my notes.Unexpectedly， the computer was not working，so I had to wait until someone from the IT
32、department came to fix it.Typical.Maybe I should have a microwave sausage while I waited？(2013湖北，D)5Mrs.Almond talked about her illness calmly because_.Ashe thought she knew it wellBshe had purchased medicine onlineCshe graduated from a medical schoolDshe had been treated by local doctors答案A解析细节理解题。
33、由文章第三段“.she said calmly，I know whats wrong; Ive got throat cancer.I know theres nothing you doctors can do about it and Ive just got to wait until the day comes.”可知答案为A项。6It was lucky for Mrs.Almond_.Ato have contacted many friendsBto have recovered in a short timeCto have her assumption confirmedDt
34、o have her disease identified in time答案D解析细节理解题。由文章第六段可知更多的检查表明她得的不是癌症而是肺结核，由最后一句“She was lucky we caught it when we did.”可知她的病及时被发现所以她是幸运的。故正确答案为D项。7Mrs.Almond said “Im so embarrassed”(Para.7) because_.Ashe had distrusted her close friendsBshe had caused unnecessary troubleCshe had to refuse the do
35、ctors adviceDshe had to tell the truth to the doctor答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段第三句话“Im so embarrassed，she said，shaking her head，as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested.”可推知答案为B项。8By mentioning the breakdown of the computer，the author probabl
36、y wants to prove_.Aits a must to take a break at workBits vital to believe in IT professionalsCits unwise to simply rely on technologyDits a danger to work long hours on computers答案C解析推理判断题。最后一段中作者提到了电脑出故障了，这与第一段要揭示的主题相呼应，主要证明不能完全依赖科技，故选C项。.完成句子1It_wasnt_long_before he realized that he was not fit f
37、or that kind of work.(it)没过多久他就意识到，自己不适合做那种工作。2Proper nutrition can help you reduce stress，so_can_enough_sleep and physical exercise.(so)合理的营养能帮你减压，同样，充足的睡眠和身体锻炼也可以。3Ive heard that the meeting has been put_off till next Tuesday，and Im calling to confirm it.(put)我听说这次会议被推迟到下周二了，我想现在打电话确认一下。4I cant agree more with you.His proposal is_the_more_practical of the two.(practical)我非常同意你的看法。在这两个方案中，他的更实用。5In the two weeks as many as 400 suggestions reached_them，some of which were very practical.(reach)在那两个星期里，他们收到多达400份建议，其中有些很实用。
