1、Unit 4History and TraditionsReading for Writing【文本研读】.文本整体理解:快速浏览文章Whats the main idea of the text?A.Introduce Ireland and its traditions.B.Introduce Irelands snacks.C.Introduce Irelands history.D.Introduce Irelands scenery.答案:A.文本细节理解:关注特色表达1.Which of the following can not be seen in the“Emerald Is
2、le”?A.Many green counties.B.Rolling green hills.C.Sheep and cattle.D.Beautiful lakes.2.What should you do if you want to experience local culture and customs first-hand?A.Meet a local guide.B.Introduce yourself to a friendly face.C.Surf the Internet.D.Have a trip with your parents.答案:1、2.DB.文本梳理【写作指
3、导】【文体剖析】建议信是常考作文形式之一,作者需要就别人的问题给出合理的建议。在行文的时候,尤其要将理由部分作为重点来写,语气要委婉。【话题词汇】1.have a great influence on对有巨大的影响2.has a history of有的历史3.enjoy a delicious snack享受美味的小吃4.be likely to do sth.可能做某事5.experience local culture and customs体验当地的文化和风俗习惯6.not only.but also.不但而且7.with its rolling green hills dotted
4、with sheep and cattle绿油油的山上分布着牛羊8.with the beautiful scenery and fresh air美丽的风景和新鲜的空气9.feel the sun on your skin感受太阳照到皮肤上10.in conclusion 总之【话题句式】1.I am more than delighted to know that you are going to pay a visit to China.得知你要来中国参观,我非常高兴。2.As far as Im concerned,Xian is a good choice.据我所知西安是一个好的选择
5、。3.If you are lucky,you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and dancing,too.如果你幸运的话,你也可以欣赏一些传统音乐和舞蹈。4.With all this beauty,it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions.有着如此的美景难怪爱尔兰形成了一些浓厚的传统。5.I am writing to express my warm welcome and strongly recommend that you pay
6、a visit to Xian.我正在写信表示我的热烈欢迎并且强烈推荐你去西安。6.Hope youll have a good time in China.希望你在中国玩得愉快。7.First,as a world-famous scenic spot,the Great Wall attracts millions of travelers every day.首先,作为一个世界文明的景点,长城每天吸引了数百万人。8.As you enter the Forbidden City,you may be amazed at the grand halls and marvelous arch
7、itecture rich in historical and cultural meaning.当你进入紫禁城,看到宏伟的大厅和富有历史和文化内涵的奇妙的建筑的时候,你会非常震惊。【典题演练】假定你是李华,你的澳大利亚朋友 Martin想来中国旅游,希望你推荐一个合适的城市。你向他推荐了西安市。请根据以下提示写一封邮件。内容包括:1.推荐理由;2.你的祝愿。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:兵马俑 terracotta warriors and horses【谋篇】【遣词】1.渴望去中国旅游 _ 2.表达我的热烈欢迎_ 3.拜访西安_ 4.作为而出名_
8、5.旅游景点_ 6.愿意提供帮助 _ be eager to travel to Chinaexpress my warm welcomepay a visit to Xianbe well-known astourist attractionsbe willing to offer help7.在困难中的人们_ 8.使你的旅行舒服愉悦_ people in needmake your visit comfortable and pleasant【造句】1.完成句子(1)西安作为历史名城而出名。_(2)它是一个理想的目的地。_ Xian is well-known as a historic
9、city in China.It is really an ideal destination.(3)首先,西安是一个历史悠久的城市。_(4)它也是一个有很多旅游景点的地方。_(5)西安人们友好、善良并且乐于助人。_ First of all,Xian is a city with a long history.It is also a place with many tourist attractions.People in Xian are friendly,kind and willing to offeranyone in need help.(6)这会使你的旅行舒服愉悦。_ This
10、 can really make your visit comfortable andpleasant.2.句式升级(7)使用过去分词作状语,将(1)(2)句连接起来_(8)用表示递进意义的并列结构连接(3)(4)句_Well-known as a historic city in China,Xian is reallyan ideal destination.First of all,Xian is not only a city with a long historybut also a place with many tourist attractions.(9)用非限制性定语从句连接
11、(5)(6)句_ People in Xian are friendly,kind and willing to offeranyone in need help,which can really make your visitcomfortable and pleasant.【成篇】_ _ Dear Martin,Im glad to receive your letter and know that youare eager to travel to China.Im writing to express mywarm welcome and strongly recommend that
12、 you paya visit to Xian._Well-known as a historic city in China,Xi an isreally an ideal destination.First of all,Xian is notonly a city with a long history but also a place withmany tourist attractions,among which the terracottawarriors and horses are what you can never miss.People in Xian are frien
13、dly,kind and willing to offeranyone in need help,which can really make your visit_ _ comfortable and pleasant.Talking about the localfood,Xian enjoys a great reputation for its varioussnacks all over China.I do hope you can come and enjoy yourself to thefullest here!Looking forward to your coming.Yo
14、urs,Li Hua1.charge n.收费;指控;主管*What needs to be specifically noted is that the activity is free of charge.尤其需要指出的是这项活动是免费的。*The company is in the charge of Tom while the boss is away.Tom is in charge of the company while the boss is away.Tom takes charge of the company while the boss is away.汤姆在老板不在时
15、负责这家公司。*(2017江苏高考)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to$20,half of what it used to charge.我们选择这家宾馆,因为一晚的价格下降到20美元,是它以前收取价格的一半。【语块积累】(1)in charge(of.)主管/看管/负责()take charge of.负责/看管 in/under the charge of.=in ones charge 在的掌管之下free of charge 免费(2)chargev.收费;控诉charge(sb.)fo
16、r sth.为(向某人)收费/要价【熟词生义】1.Before use,the battery must be charged.()2.Police have charged Mr Bell with murder.()v.给充电v.指控【即学活用】(1)语法填空Im not going there again,because they charged me 1 pound _ a cup of coffee!She takes charge _ the day-to-day running of the business.Youre responsible to whoever is _ c
17、harge of sales.forofin(2)We need someone to _ _ _ our physical training.我们需要选一位负责体育训练的人。(3)Our class is _ _ _ _ our class teacher.我们班由班主任管理。take charge ofin the charge of2.approach n.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理 vi.靠近*The path serves as an approach to the boathouse.这条小路是通向那个船库的一条路径。*(2019天津高考)If a child ap
18、proaches him,he will pause to give that child his undivided attention.如果有孩子找到他,他将暂停下来把注意力放到孩子身上。*(2018北京高考)As I approached mile 23,I could see my wife waving a sign.当我接近23英里时,我能看到我的妻子挥舞着牌子。*All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops.通往宫殿的所有道路都有军队守卫。【易混辨析】approach 指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法、态度。常用a
19、pproach to sth.means指实现目的的任何手段,或使用某种交通工具的方式。常用by means ofmethod指有条理的、系统的办法,特别指新的办法。常用method ofway使用范围很广,但较多地用在具体的事情上或口语中。常用way of doing/way to do【熟词生义】*It might be possible to approach the problem in a different way.处理这个问题也许可以用一种不同的方法。()vt.处理,对付*The charity approached several stores about giving foo
20、d aid.慈善机构找了几家商店,请求他们给予食品援助。()vt.向提出要求,与接洽【即学活用】(1)用approach的适当形式填空The thief froze when he heard the footsteps _.All _ to the city were blocked.(2018天津高考)Unfortunately,just as I took out my camera,a woman _ from behind.approachingapproachesapproached(2)_ _ _,it is becoming cooler and cooler.随着秋季的到来,
21、天气越来越凉爽了。With autumn approaching3.eager adj.渴望的;热切的;热心的*Compared with adults,children are more eager to explore the world around them.和成年人比起来,孩子们更渴望探索周围的世界。*Please go on with your enthusiasm,your eagerness,and your high spirit.请保持你的激情,热心和昂扬的士气。*Children in the village are eager for knowledge.村里的孩子渴求
22、知识。【语块积累】(1)be eager for.渴望be eager to do.渴望做某事(2)eagerly adv.急切地;渴望地;热心地(3)eagerness n.渴望;热心【名师点津】be eager for=long for渴望be eager to do sth.=long to do sth.渴望做某事【即学活用】(1)He _ _ _ take up some job.他热切地要开始从事某种工作。(2)He _ really _ _ success.他渴望成功。(3)I was deeply touched by their _(eager)to learn.was ea
23、ger toiseager foreagerness4.roll vi.&vt.(使)翻滚;(使)滚动n.卷(轴);翻滚;面包圈;名单*(2018全国卷)We passed it,he tried to put it in his mouth,he tried bouncing it,rolling it,sitting on it,throwing it.我们传着球,他努力把球放到嘴里,他试着弹起球,滚动它,坐在上面或者扔球。*She looked at Ginny and tears rolled down her cheeks.她看着金尼,泪珠顺着脸颊淌下。*In mid-afterno
24、on,shopkeepers began to roll downtheir shutters.下午三点钟左右,店主们开始摇下百叶窗。*People may roll their eyes and talk about overprotective grandmothers.*人们可能会翻着白眼讨论过分呵护的祖母们。*He sipped at his coffee and spread butter on a roll.他抿了一口咖啡,将黄油涂在了面包卷上。【语块积累】roll out铺开;滚出roll in蜂拥而来roll up卷起;滚滚上升roll down摇下;滚下roll ones e
25、yes翻白眼rock and roll摇滚乐【熟词生义】Pro-democracy activists say a new electoral roll should be drawn up.()亲民主派活动分子们说应当起草一份新的候选人名单。n.名单【即学活用】(1)(2019全国卷)It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to _ _ _ _.几位年轻而勇敢的商人才开始行动。get the ball rolling(2)(2019浙江高考)Their victory in America was still remembered as a
26、 major turning point in the history of _ _ _.他们在美国的胜利仍然被认为是摇滚乐历史上的一个重大转折点。(3)_ _ your sleeves.把你的袖子挽起来。rock and rollRoll up(4)Offers of help are still _ _.帮助正在大量涌入。(5)He _ _ his car window and started shouting at them.他摇下车窗,朝他们大声喊起来。rolling inrolled down5.crowd n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使拥挤*(2019全国卷)Does Ki
27、limanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山,挤满了成群的游客,破坏了它宁静的气氛,它应得这样的声誉吗?*It took some two hours before the crowd was fully dispersed.用了大约两个小时才把人群完全驱散。*Hundreds of thousands of people have crowded intothe centre of the c
28、ity.几十万人涌进了市中心。【语块积累】(1)a crowd of 一大群;许多的(2)crowd into 涌入;挤入(3)crowded adj.拥挤的;塞满的be crowded with挤满了;充满【即学活用】(1)We all _ _ the stove to keep warm.我们都挤在炉子边取暖。(2)We have _ _ _.我们的日程排得满满的。crowded arounda crowded schedule(3)(2018全国卷)The city _ _ _ disappointed people with no interest in settling down.城
29、市里挤满了失望的人们,他们不想在这里定居。was crowded with(4)(2019浙江高考)Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests _ _ small trees that compete with big trees for resources.声势浩大的对野火的控制,使得加利福尼亚的森林,长满了一些小树,它们和大树竞争资源。crowded with6.With all this beauty,it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong tradi
30、tions that include music,dancing,and dining.有了这些美景,爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。【句式解构】句中it为形式主语,that引导主语从句,that仅起连接作用。英语中用it作形式主语的常见句型有:(1)It+be+adj.+主语从句*It is uncertain whether he can come to Jennys birthday party or not.他是否会来珍妮的生日派对还不确定。【名师点津】如若形容词为 important/necessary,good/wrong,natural.表达一种要求
31、,命令或者责备时,多使用虚拟语气(should+v.)。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情,完全可以用一般的陈述语气。*It is important that we(should)learn English well.我们学好英语是非常重要的。(2)It+be+过去分词+主语从句这类过去分词有:announced,believed,expected,hoped,decided,reported,said,shown等。*It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.据报道在这次地震中死了16人。*It is
32、not decided who will give the operation to the patient.还没有决定谁给病人做手术。*It is said that he has come to Beijing.据说他去北京了。【名师点津】如果主句中的过去分词是表示请求,建议,命令等词,如suggested/ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded等时,that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should 可以省略。*It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.有人建议推迟会议。*It
33、was ordered that we(should)arrive there in two hours.有人命令我们两小时内到达那里。(3)It+be+名词词组+主语从句这类名词有:a fact,a pity,a shame,an honour,a question等。*Its a pity that you missed the exciting football match.很遗憾你错过了那场刺激的足球比赛。*It remains a question whether he will come or not.他是否来依然是个问题。(4)It+不及物动词+主语从句这类不及物动词有:appe
34、ar,seem,happen,matter等。译为“好像/碰巧”。例如:*It seemed that he didnt tell the truth.他似乎没有说实话。*It happened that I was out when he called.他打电话的时候我碰巧出去了。【名师点津】当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时,为保持句子结构前后平衡,避免头重脚轻,因此常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。【即学活用】(1)_ _ _ _ the man who had developed communism sho
35、uld have lived and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事:这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过,并且在伦敦去世。(2)_ _ _ _ she will do well in her exam.她在考试中会做得好,这是确定无疑的。It seemed strange thatIt is certain that(3)句型转换He is reported to have won the game._he has won the game.It is reported that【导语】爱旅行爱自由的你,愿意因等待他人而耗费时间浪费掉假期不去出游吗?让我们爱上独自旅行,练就
36、强大的内心吧!Travel to Meet the Most Real yourself“Joe,did you book your ticket yet?”I asked.“No.I changed my mind.Im not going to go.”“What?You arent going to Australia?Weve been planning this vacation for months!”“Yeah,I dont feel like it.Well go some other time.”Over the coming weeks,I attempted to get
37、 my friend to reconsider,but to no avail.When Joe changed his mind,he changed his mind.Our trip to Australiaour big post-college adventurewas off.And none of my friends wanted to replace him.If I wanted to travel,it would have to be on my own.Its a pattern that has repeated itself over the years.Whi
38、le a few people have joined me along the way.But when it comes down to the wire,something always comes up,theyre suddenly too busy,or they get cold feet and change their mind.Its taught me that if I wait for others,Ill never go anywhere.But there are places I want to go,people to see,experiences to
39、have,and food to try and only so much time to accomplish it all.So I refuse to waitI wont let others keep me from realizing my dreams.It can be scary traveling aloneespecially when youve never done it before.But,to me,growing old without experiencing everything you want from life is scarier.If youve
40、 been putting off a trip because youre waiting for someone to go withstop.Just go.Dont let others hold you back from your dreams.Trust me,along the way youll make plenty of friendsfrom other solo travelers who thought“Screw it,if I dont go,Ill never go”to locals interested in meeting new people.Your
41、e never alone when you travel.More than that,solo travel gives you ultimate freedom.You wake up and its just youwhat you want,where you want,when you want.In that freedom and infinite space of possibility,you meet yourself.You hit the limits of what you like and dont like.Theres no one to pull you i
42、n any one direction or override your reasons.Want sushi?Get sushi.Want to leave?Leave.Want to try bungee jumping?Go for it.Its sink or swim and you have to learn how to survivewho to trust,how to make friends,how to find your way around alone.Thats the greatest reward of solo travel the personal gro
43、wth.Each time you go away,you learn to become a little more independent,confident,and in tune with your emotions and desires.Solo travel is not for everyone.Some people return home soon after departing,others cry for weeks before embracing it,and some just embrace it right away.But youll never learn
44、 that if you dont travel once by yourself.Whether a weekend away,a twoweek vacation or trip around the world,try it at least once.Dont wait for people or hold back from living your dreams.You could be waiting a long time until someone finally says“yes.”Theres only now and if you dont go,youll regret it.Because if I hadnt stopped waiting,Id still be in my cubicle,trying to convince Joe to go to Australia,and wondering if Id ever get to see the world.
