1、二十二 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 1Science and Scientists(限时35分钟).阅读理解A(2021青岛模拟)Many people hate the idea of having to sleep on a plane.But Swedish entrepreneur Oscar Dios thinks they can be persuaded otherwise and he has created a new kind of hostel to prove it.Dios says it is the worlds first jumbo jet hostel,a
2、n actual jet-plane at Swedens main airport outside Stockholm which has been converted(改装)into a 25-room guesthouse that sleeps as many as 72 people.“I learned about this plane that was standing abandoned at Arlanda airport and Ive been trying the concept of hostels in many different houses and build
3、ings,”he told reporters.“I thought,Why not a plane?”Jumbo Hostels opened for business on Thursday,giving customers the chance to check in and sleep in a room that can best be described as cozy.“The most challenging part with this project is trying to build something inside a metal hull(外壳)its just r
4、eally,really tight.”The jet,which was originally produced for Singapore Airlines,was taken out of service in 2002.One thing the hostel has going for it is pricea room starts at 350 Swedish crowns(about41),which is a lot less than hotel rooms outside of major airports.Another feature:customers can ge
5、t married on the wing of the plane and live in the planes more luxurious honeymoon room situated in the cockpit(驾驶舱).Instead of walking down the aisle(走廊),lovebirds can take what Jumbo Hostels calls the“wing walk”,where they can be joined in great joy at the wing tip.The hostel has someone ready to
6、perform the ceremony.But in some respects,this hostel remains a planemost customers have to share the jets nine bathrooms and staff only wear air steward and stewardess clothes.The only room that has its own bathroom is the honeymoon suite.【文章大意】本文属于说明文,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了一种新的飞机宿舍,能够带给人比较舒适的休息环境,使旅行者得到
7、一种拥有宁静夜晚的新方法。1.Swedish entrepreneur Oscar Dios creates a new kind of jet hostel in order to_.A.make people more comfortable B.earn more money from people C.change peoples idea of not sleeping on the plane D.explore the sources of the universe【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段Many people hate the idea of having to
8、 sleep on a plane.But Swedish entrepreneur Oscar Dios thinks they can be persuaded otherwise and he has created a new kind of hostel to prove it.“很多人不喜欢必须在飞机上睡觉的想法。但瑞典企业家Oscar Dios认为他们会被说服,因此,他创造了一种新的宿舍去证明它。”可知,C选项是正确的。2.According to the passage the jet hostel is_.A.flying in the skyB.hung in the sk
9、y C.lying on the airportD.buried underground【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段I learned about this plane that was standing abandoned at Arlanda airport and Ive been trying the concept of hostels in many different houses and buildings“我知道这架飞机在阿兰达机场废弃,并且我一直在尝试在许多不同的房屋和建筑物中建立宿舍的概念。”可知喷气式飞机宿舍是在机场的,所以C选项是正确的。3.This ab
10、andoned plane originally belongs to_.A.Stockholm AirlinesB.Singapore Airlines C.Sweden AirlinesD.Oscar Dios Airlines【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第六段The jet,which was originally produced for Singapore Airlines“这架喷气式飞机最初是为新加坡航空公司生产的”可知这架废弃的飞机是新加坡航空公司的,所以B选项是正确的。4.Which statement of the following do you think can
11、best describe this passage?A.A new fashion of wedding in the plane.B.For travelers,a new way to get a restful night.C.A new way to enjoy yourselves.D.How to change a plane into a hostel.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲了一种新的飞机宿舍,能够带给人比较舒适的休息环境,使旅行者得到一种拥有宁静夜晚的新方法,所以B选项是正确的。B(2021济南模拟)We humans love to stare
12、into our smart devices.We gaze for hoursabout 10 hours and 39 minutes a dayat our computers,smartphones,tablets and televisions.Is all this staring bad for us?It might be,mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.Blue light is a type of electromagnetic radiati
13、on with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy.While its true that light can damage our eyes under certain circumstances,theres no scientific evidence suggesting that blue light is harmful to our eyes.But many people still think it is,which is why blue-light-blocking glasses a
14、re so popular.So,do the glasses work?“Everyone is very concerned that blue light may be causing damage to the eye,but theres no evidence that it may be causing serious damage,”Dr.Rahul Khurana,a clinical spokesman,told Business Insider.Blue light exposure is nothing new.In fact,the sun is the larges
15、t source of blue light.Moreover,blue light is also present in LED light.But if blue light isnt harmful,then why are we constantly rubbing our eyes when were looking at our screens?The answer is eyestrain(眼疲劳).More than 60 percent of people experience eye problems associated with digital eyestrain.An
16、d blue light,it seems isnt the cause.Instead,our eyes are so strained because most of us blink less when we stare at our digital devices.So,if eyestrain is the real issue,blue-light-blocking glasses are probably of little use.5.What do we know about blue light?A.It has the shortest wavelength.B.Its
17、a kind of nuclear radiation.C.It consumes a great deal of energy.D.It may come from electronic devices.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据题干中的 blue light 可定位至文章第一段最后一句 It might be,mainly because as we stare at our devices we are exposing ourselves to blue light.和第二段第一句 Blue light is a type of electromagnetic radiation
18、with a very short wavelength that produces a high amount of energy.可知,蓝光是一种电磁辐射,波长很短,产生大量的能量,而且当我们盯着我们的设备时,我们会将自己暴露在蓝光下。由此推知,蓝光可能出自电子设备。故D项正确。6.What causes the popularity of blue-light-blocking glasses?A.Evidence of their benefits to eyes.B.Widespread use of smart devices.C.Belief in blue lights har
19、mful effect.D.Scientific understanding of blue light.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知,虽然在某些情况下光线确实会损害我们的眼睛,但没有科学证据表明蓝光对我们的眼睛有害。但很多人仍然认为是这样,这就是为什么遮蓝光眼镜如此受欢迎。由此可知是相信蓝光对眼睛有害致使遮蓝光眼镜的流行。故正确答案为C。7.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A.Rubbing eyes makes people strained.B.Blue light exposure is hardly avoidab
20、le.C.Blue light may connect with tired eyes.D.Eye problems are not easy to deal with.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第四段第二、三句 In fact,the sun is the largest source of blue light.Moreover,blue light is also present in LED light.可知,事实上,太阳是最大的蓝光源。此外,蓝光也存在于LED光中。因此蓝光照射在生活中是很难避免的。故B项正确。A项“揉眼睛使人紧张”,C项“蓝光可能与眼疲劳有关”,D项“眼睛的
21、问题不容易处理”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为B。8.According to the text,wearing blue-light-blocking glasses may be_.A.uselessB.harmfulC.tiringD.beneficial【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句 So,if eyestrain is the real issue,blue-light-blocking glasses are probably of little use.可知,所以,如果眼疲劳是真正的问题,那么遮蓝光眼镜可能用处不大。因此戴遮蓝光眼镜可能是无用的。故A项正确。B项“
22、有害的”,C项“累人的”,D项“有益的”,均不符合文意。故正确答案为A。.阅读填句(2021南昌模拟)Putting children in daycare helps working parents take their minds off childcare.1How daycare negatively affects children is related to many factors.One study has suggested that some children who spend long hours in daycare centers experience more s
23、tress than those who spend more time in a setting with a mother.Another study has shown that children who are shy have a higher level of the hormone cortisol(皮质醇)which is released when an individual shows signs of stress.2And as a result the child may not mix well with the other children and the tea
24、chers at the daycare center,a situation that can cause stress.Another negative impact of daycare is that there is less communication between a mother and her child.3So it is essential for a child to develop a deep bond with his or her mother,since this will lay the foundation for all the relationshi
25、ps he or she will form later on in life.Children who spend a lot of time with their mothers experience healthy social and emotional development,while long hours in daycare can disrupt this bonding.Children who lose out on precious mother-child bonding are observed to have behavioral problems as they
26、 grow older.Children in daycare centers also feel unprotected compared to children at home.In a daycare center,when one caregiver attends to more than one child at the same time,she may not be able to look deeply into why a child is mixing well or not.4Another negative aspect of daycare is that chil
27、dren there are more likely to fall ill if they come in contact with sick children.5Well-maintained daycare centers contribute a great deal to the overall development of a child by providing a structured environment.Children become more social by interacting with other children of the same age,and le
28、arn new activities that are not always available if they are brought up only at home.A.But daycare has its disadvantages.B.Look for a daycare center that is well-maintained.C.However,the advantages of daycare cannot be ignored.D.This is because a shy child will not open up freely in public.E.Babies
29、become extremely attached to their primary caregivers.F.In such cases,a child may become either completely quiet or aggressive.G.You can cut the time in daycare centers by making alternative childcare arrangements.【文章大意】文章介绍了日托对儿童成长的影响。1.【解析】选A。根据上文可知,把孩子送到日托中心可以帮助有工作的父母把他们的注意力从照顾孩子上转移开。根据文章第二段第一句 H
30、ow daycare negatively affects children is related to many factors.可知,日托对儿童的负面影响与许多因素有关。上文提到了日托的好处,下文具体论述了日托的缺点,故此空应该引出日托的缺点。A项意为“但是日托也有它的缺点”,承上启下,符合语境。故正确答案为A。2.【解析】选D。根据上文可知,另一项研究表明,当一个人表现出压力迹象时,体内会释放出荷尔蒙皮质醇,害羞的儿童的荷尔蒙皮质醇水平更高。故此空应该与解释为什么害羞的儿童体内会释放出更高水平的荷尔蒙皮质醇有关。D项意为“这是因为一个害羞的孩子不会在公共场合敞开心扉”,承接上文,符合语境
31、。故正确答案为D。3.【解析】选E。根据下文可知,因此,对一个孩子来说,与他或她的母亲建立深厚的关系是至关重要的,因为这将为他或她今后在生活中形成的所有关系奠定基础。故此空应该与为什么婴儿和母亲建立深厚的关系是至关重要的有关。E项意为“婴儿变得非常依恋他们的主要照顾者”,引出下文,符合语境。故正确答案为E。4.【解析】选F。根据上文可知,在日托中心,当一个看护人同时照顾多个孩子时,她可能无法深入了解为什么一个孩子过得好或不好。故此空应该与看护人无法深入了解为什么一个孩子过得好或不好的后果有关。F项意为“在这种情况下,孩子可能变得完全安静或好斗”,承接上文,符合语境。故正确答案为F。5.【解析】
32、选C。根据上文可知,日托的另一个消极的方面是,如果孩子们与生病的孩子接触,他们更有可能生病。根据下文可知,维护良好的日托中心通过提供精心设置的环境为孩子的全面发展做出了巨大贡献。上文阐述了日托的缺点,下文论述了日托的优点,上下文存在转折,故此空应该引出日托的优点。C项意为“然而,日托的好处是不能忽视的”,承上启下,符合语境。故正确答案为C。.应用文写作假定你是李华,你校即将举行“给农村小学捐书”(Donating Books to Rural Primary Schools)活动,现向全校招募志愿者,你的笔友Peter来信向你咨询有关情况,请你写一封回信,要点如下:1.简单介绍该项活动;2.志
33、愿者所需条件。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。_【参考范文】Dear Peter,Delighted to receive your letter inquiring something about Donating Books to Rural Primary Schools,I am writing to inform you of some detailed information.The activity is aimed to help rural primary schools by sending various kinds of books to th
34、ose students,which can not only broaden their horizons,but also cultivate their capabilities of thinking and learning independently and critically.Additionally,the volunteers should be diligent and optimistic,assuring them to face some setbacks during the process of this activity.If you have any questions about this project,please contact me without any hesitation.Yours sincerely,Li Hua
