1、The Great WallKnown to the Chinese as the “Long Wall of Ten Thousand Li”， the formidable defensive structures built to ward off invasion of the Celestial Empire by barbarians is called the Great Wall or the Wall of China by Europeans.The principle of these extraordinary fortifications goes back to t
2、he Chunqiu period (722481 BC) and to the Warring States period (453221 BC)The construction of certain walls can be explained by feudal conflicts, such as that built by the Wei in 408 BC to defend their kingdom against the Qin.Its vestiges(残留部分), conserved in the centre of China, antedate by(先于) many
3、 years the walls built by the Kingdoms of Qin, Zhao and Yan against the northern barbarians around 300 BC.Beginning in 220 BC, Qin Shihuang, the founder of the Empire of the Ten Thousand Generations, undertook to restore and link up the separate sections of the Great Wall which had been built in the
4、 3rd century BC, or perhaps even earlier, and which stretched from the region of the Ordos to Manchuria.Towards the west, he had extended the fortifications(防御工事；加强), the first cohesive defense system of which significant vestiges still remain in the valley of the Huanghe all the way to Lanzhou shor
5、tly before the accession of the Han Dynasty(206 BC)During their reign the Great Wall was extended even further, and under the emperor Wudi (14087 BC) it spanned approximately 6,000 km between Dunhuang in the west and the Bohai Sea in the east.The danger of incursion along the northern Chinese border
6、 by the federated Mongols, Turks and Tunguz of the Empire of the Xiongnu, the first empire of the steppes, made a defense policy more necessary than ever.After the downfall of the Han Dynasty (AD 220), the Great Wall entered its medieval phase.Construction and maintenance works were halted(停止)；China
7、 at that time enjoyed such great military power that the need for a defense policy was no longer felt.1Why was the Great Wall built in ancient days?_2Which kingdom built the earliest wall? And when was it built?_3In which dynasty did the Great Wall reach its longest span?_【答案】1.To ward off invasion
8、of the Celestial Empire by barbarians.2The Wei in 408 BC.3The Han Dynasty.Section Reading Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary(1).词义搭配1archaeologyAa kind of heavy earth that becomes hard when it is dry2warrior Ba hole in the ground3clay Cstick, make fast, with glue4unify Dthe study of cultures of t
9、he past, and of periods of history by examining the remains of buildings5pit Ecarve, cut, or etch into a material or surface6glue Fa soldier or experienced fighter7inscribe Gmake (parts) into one (whole)【答案】1.D2.F3.A4.G5.B6.C7.E.用下列短语的适当形式填空describe.as.；think of；in order to；so as to；rob.of.；work on；
10、every time；be proud of 1Did you ever_discussing these problems heart to heart with your parents?2The students have been_their composition for hours.3She_her childhood_ a time of wonder and discovery.4He kept himself busy working_stop thinking about her.5He goes through the whole performance of check
11、ing the oil and water_he drives the car.6The thieves _the passengers_all their money and jewels.【答案】1.think of2.working on3.described；as 4so as to5.every time6.robbed；of.阅读P30课文内容，完成下面表格Why the writer is at the site The writer is an 1._student from London, England, and he is in northwest Chinas Shaa
12、nxi Province, 36 kilometres east of Xian.Hes working on one of the most famous archaeological 2._in the world.Emperor Qin Shihuang and histombMost Chinese children will be able to tell you that Qin Shihuang was the emperor who first 3._ China over 2,000 years ago.When he became king of the state of
13、Qin at the age of 13, he immediately ordered workers to 4._an underground tomb for him.the discovery of the warriorsIts interesting the way the 5._warriors were discovered.In 1974 some peasants were digging a well when one of them dug up the head of a 6._warrior.description of what the warriors look
14、 like Its so strange to see them standing there in 7._， all dressed and ready for battle.They were made to look as real as possible and are as tall as most soldiers today.How the soldiers weremadeAll the soldiers were built using the same 8._.The legs were made of solid clay.The other body parts wer
15、e all made separately and were 9._ inside.the men who made thewarriors The name of the man who made each soldier is 10._somewhere on the warriors.【答案】1.archaeology2.sites3.unified 4construct5.terracotta6.clay7.columns 8methods9.hollow10.inscribed.阅读P39课文内容，判断正(T)误(F)1Many terracotta warriors made of
16、 clay were discovered 3,000 years ago.()2All the Chinese children will be able to tell you that Qin Shihuang was the emperor who first unified China over 2,000 years ago.()3When Qin Shihuang became king of the state of Qin at the age of 13，he ordered workers to construct the Great Wall.()4Over 7,400
17、 warriors were made using the same methods.()5The soldiers uniforms show their position in the army.()【答案】15FFFTT.阅读P31课文内容，完成课文缩写1_， my greatest pleasure is being able to enter the underground 2._and see the soldiers.Its so strange to see them standing there in 3._， all dressed and ready for 4._.Th
18、ey were made to look as real as possible and are as easy to imagine that they are a real army.The 5._carry weapons, and wear different 6._depending on their 7._in the army.The uniforms were painted many different8_red, blue, green, yellow, brown.Each soldier has a different 9._， and there are many different 10._and types of caps.【答案】1.Undoubtedly2.pits3.columns 4battle5.warriors6.uniforms7.position 8colours9.facial expression10.hairstyles
