1、2012届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版选修六Module 6知识详解1.Abandon v& n放弃，抛弃，离弃，逃离；中止(回归课本P72)The situation at Omaha Beach was so bad that the US army commanders thought about abandoning the invasion.奥马哈海滩的形势非常严峻，以至于美军司令官都考虑放弃进攻了。【归纳总结】【例句探源】The old couple have brought up three abandoned children.这对老夫妇已经抚养了三个被遗弃的孩子了
2、。(朗文P2)The game had to be abandoned due to bad weather.由于天气不好，比赛不得不终止。(朗文P2)Imogen had abandoned all hope of ever seeing her brother again.伊莫金已经放弃了再次见到哥哥的全部希望。However，I think that one can abandon oneself to new experiences when overseas without treating ones training with abandon.不过，我想一个人在海外时不防让自己沉溺
3、于新的体验，只要不过于放纵而损于修养。【易混辨析】abandon，desert，leave，quit四者都含有“放弃，遗弃”的意思。(1)abandon强调“完全、永远地遗弃”，尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物。(2)desert强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”。(3)leave强调“离开(某地)或留下、遗忘(某物)”。(4)quit强调“突然或不经意地放弃”，常指“停止”。The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy.The 9yearold boy was abandoned by his alcoholic fat
4、her.She quitted her job.He left his wallet in the classroom.【即境活用】1The girl had to _ her journey because of her mothers illness.AabandonBleaveCdesert Dquit解析：选A。句意：由于这个女孩的母亲生病，她不得不放弃旅行。abandon指因外界压力或影响完全或永久地舍弃自己所感兴趣的事物或人；leave是一般用语，着重强调“离开，遗留下”的意思；desert指某人或某物在困难中或困境中被人背弃；quit指突然出其不意地放弃，往往也含有在感情上舍弃的
5、意味。2.The plan was _ when it was discovered just how much the scheme would cost.Areleased BdesertedCresigned Dabandoned解析：选D。句意：当发现这个方案将会耗费巨资时，它被放弃了。abandon和desert都有“放弃，抛弃”之意，desert表示抛弃自己的天职或应尽的义务，而abandon指因外界压力和影响而放弃自己负有责任或感兴趣的东西。release“解除，免除”；resign“辞去，辞职”。2.occupyvt.占领；占据；占用；占有(时间、空间)；承担，担任；使忙碌于(
6、做某事)(回归课本P72)During the war，Germany occupied many countries，including France.在战争期间，德国占领了许多国家，也包括法国。【归纳总结】【例句探源】While she waited，she tried to occupy her mind with pleasant thoughts of the vacation.等待的时候，她尽量让自己沉浸在对假期的美好想象之中。(朗文P1412)Fishing occupies most of my spare time.钓鱼占去了我大部分的闲暇时间。The Jackson fam
7、ily have occupied this apartment for the past six months.过去半年中， 杰克逊一家住在这套公寓里。The man was occupied with ordering computer parts.这名男子的时间都用于订购电脑配件了。She occupied herself in cooking.She was occupied in cooking.她正忙着做饭。Please state your name，address and occupation.请说明你的姓名，地址和职业。【即境活用】3Her interest in redec
8、orating the big house kept her _ for a whole week.AconstrainedBdominatedCrestricted Doccupied解析：选D。句意：她热衷于重新装修这间大房子，这使她忙碌了整整一周。occupied忙碌的，被占据的；constrained拘谨的，不自然的；dominated控制的，支配的；restricted受限制的，有限的。4.Danis is _ hunting for a new job and has no eye for his wife and children.Aoccupied in Bburied for
9、Cabsorbed to Dengaged to解析：选A。句意是：丹尼斯一心在找工作，没有关心他的妻儿。be occupied in 忙于；B项改为buried in(埋头于)；C项改为absorbed in(专心于)；D项的意思是“与某人订婚”，表示“忙于”时，要用engaged in/with。3.despiteprep.不管，不顾(回归课本P83)The UN couldnt stop a terrible civil war in the African state of Rwanda in 1995，despite warnings of the dangers from near
10、by states.1995年联合国没能制止非洲国家卢旺达境内的严重战争，尽管周边国家发出了危险警告。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Despite all our efforts to save the school，the county decided to close it.尽管我们竭尽全力想保住这所学校，县里还是决定把它关闭。Despite/In spite of the traffic jam，he arrived here on time.尽管交通堵塞，他仍然准时到达了这儿。(朗文P1982)Kelly loved her husband in spite of the fact that
11、 he drank too much.虽然她丈夫酗酒，凯莉仍然爱着他。He went ahead and did it，regardless of the consequences.他说干就干了，没有顾及后果。【即境活用】5_ scientists know where a storm will happen，winds will suddenly change，carrying the storm to a new direction.AEven ifBSinceCDespite DUnless解析：选A。句意为：即使科学家们知道暴风雨将要发生的地点，但风向会突然改变，使暴风雨转向一个新方向
12、。由前后语意可知为转折关系，故选A。carrying在此表示结果状语，despite是介词，不能直接引导从句。6._ the advances of science，the discomforts of old age will always be with us.AAs for BBesidesCExcept DDespite解析：选D。句意：尽管科学取得了巨大的发展，但年老的不适毫无疑问总会伴随着我们。despite尽管，不管，相当于in spite of；as for至于，说到；besides除之外(还有)；except除外(没有)。4.worthwhileadj.值得做的，有价值的，有
13、用的(回归课本P79)But the villagers treated us like heroes，and for a brief moment，I felt that all the fear and danger had been worthwhile.但村民们把我们当成英雄来对待，一时间我觉得所有的恐怖和危险都是值得的。【归纳总结】【例句探源】We had a long wait，but it was worthwhile because we got the tickets.我们等了很长时间，但这是值得的，因为我们买到了票。Thank you for making my visit
14、 so worthwhile.感谢你们使我的访问如此有价值。It is worthwhile discussing the question.(It is worthwhile to discuss the question.)这个问题值得讨论。【易混辨析】worth，worthy，worthwhile(1)worth意为“值(多少钱)”、“相当于的价值”或“值得”等。其后通常接表示钱数的名词或相当于“代价”的比喻性名词。be worth 后还可接动词的-ing形式，意为“值得做”，应使用主动结构表示被动意义。be worth不能接不定式。(2)worthy的结构是：be worthy of
15、sth./be worthy of doing sth./sth.is worthy to be done或sth.is worthy of being done。(3)worthwhile要与形式主语it并用，构成It is/was worthwhile doing/to do sth.，worth也可用于这个句式中。Guilin is worthy of being visited.Hangzhou is a beautiful place.It is worthwhile to go there.Is the exhibition worth a visit?【即境活用】7Because
16、 American parents believe that knowledge leads to a meaningful life，they try to give youngsters many opportunities to develop skills and _ interests.AworthBworthyCvaluable Dworthwhile解析：选D。句意：因为美国的父母们认为知识使生活更有意义，所以他们尽力为孩子们提供许多机会以发展他们的技能和值得花费精力的爱好。worthwhile值得花时间/精力的；worth后接动名词或名词；worthy有价值的，常作表语；val
17、uable值钱的，贵重的。8.We have worked together in harmony for many years, and I find it _ with them.Aworthy of working Buseless to workCworth of working Dworthwhile working解析：选D。句意是：我们已融洽合作很多年了，我发现与他们合作很值得。it 是find的形式宾语；worthwhile是宾补，working with them是真正的宾语。形式主语或形式宾语常与worthwhile连用。5.to ones astonishment令某人惊
18、讶的是(回归课本P79)To our astonishment，just two days after we had received our confidential orders to join the D-Day landing troops，and after a day fighting and seeing many of my friends killed by the enemy，we found ourselves outside a peaceful village in France.使我们吃惊的是，就在我们接到加入D日登陆部队的机密命令后两天，经过一天的战斗，并亲眼目睹
19、我的很多朋友被敌军残杀后，我们发现我们来到了一个宁静的法国村庄外面。【归纳总结】【例句探源】To his astonishment，the keys were in the door.To the astonishment of him，the keys were in the door.让他吃惊的是，钥匙就在门上。Much to everyones astonishment，the plan succeeded.大大出乎所有人的意料，那个计划竟然成功了。To the curiosity of everyone，his father was not angry over what he had
20、 done.使每个人好奇的是，他的父亲并没有因为他做的事而生气。【即境活用】9To our _，the computer doesnt function again.Adisappointment BdisappointingCdisappointed Ddelight答案：A句型梳理1.【教材原句】The operation was extremely dangerous and many soldiers were killed before they even got off the boats.(P72)军事行动特别危险，许多士兵甚至还没来得及下船就被杀死了。【句法分析】此句为一个主从
21、复合句，before引导一个时间状语从句，意为“还没有来得及就”。before用作连词句型归纳：(1)before sb.can/could.某人还没来得及Before I could get in a word，he had measured me.我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。(2)It will be时间before.还有多长时间才It will be 4 years before he graduates.他还有四年时间才能毕业。(3)had done some time before 才We had sailed four days and four nights befor
22、e we saw land.我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。(4)had not done.before.不到就We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.我们还没走到一英里路他就觉得累了。(5)It was not一段时间before不多久就It wasnt two years before he left the country.还没到两年他们就离开了那个国家。【即境活用】10Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up _ I could answer the phon
23、e.Aas BsinceCuntil Dbefore解析：选D。句意为：半夜有人给我打电话，但是在我应答之前对方就挂断了。before表示在之前，符合题意。11.It was not long _，his name became a household word.Awhen BafterCbefore Dsince解析：选C。考查句式It was not long before.，表示不多久就。句意为：不久之后，他的名字就家喻户晓了。it was not long beforeshortly。2.【教材原句】The survivors lay on the beach，exhausted an
24、d shocked.(P73)死里逃生的战士躺在海滩上，疲惫不堪，心有余悸。【句法分析】exhausted and shocked是形容词短语作状语，表示死里逃生的战士躺在海滩上时的状态。形容词的这种用法很常见。He arrived home，hungry and tired.他又饿又累地回到家里。He turned away，disappointed.他失望地走开了。In spite of the terrible weather，he landed all the passengers safe.尽管天气很糟糕，他还是使所有乘客都安全着陆了。Happy and gay，the little
25、 girl ran to her parents.这个小女孩兴高采烈地跑向她的父母。【即境活用】12(高考浙江卷)_ and short of breath，Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.ATo be tired BTiredCTiring DBeing tired解析：选B。考查形容词短语作状语。此处是形容词词组说明主语的状态，实际上它是一种省略结构，相当于“Although Andy and Ruby were tired and short of breath”，故B项正确。13.After his
26、journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，_.Aexhausting BexhaustedCbeing exhausted Dhaving exhausted解析：选B。句意是：从国外旅行之后，理查德琼斯疲惫不堪地回到了家。exhaust是一个使役动词，意为“使精疲力尽”。例如：My father is completely exhausted.我父亲精疲力竭。3.【教材原句】.he said，“Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so fe
27、w.”(P81)他说道，“在人类战争史上从来没有一次像这样，以如此少的兵力取得如此大的成功，保护如此多的众生。”【句法分析】(1)本句是一个由否定词never开头的倒装句，否定词或短语放在句首经常构成部分倒装，即把助动词提到主语的前面去。常见的否定词还有：nor，neither，no，not，seldom，little，hardly，at no time，in no way，not until，not only.but also，hardly(scarcely).when，no sooner.than等。Not only was everything he had taken away fro
28、m him but also his German citizenship.不仅他所有的东西都被带走了，就连他的德国国籍也被取消了。(2)在反意疑问句的陈述句部分中，如包含seldom，no，nothing，never，hardly，scarcely，little，few等否定副词，则这部分是否定，简短问句就应用肯定。He is seldom ill，is he？他很少生病，是吗？He was hardly twenty then，was he?他当时几乎没有二十岁，是吗？【即境活用】14(高考陕西卷)Little _ about her own safety，though she was i
29、n great danger herself.Adid Rose careBRose did careCRose does care Ddoes Rose care解析：选A。句意：虽然处境很危险，但罗斯几乎不关心自己的安全。little是具有否定意义的词，位于句首时句子用部分倒装，由后半句判断句子是过去时，故选A项。15.(高考全国卷)The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only _，but students became more interested in the lessons.Asaved was teachers energyBwas teachers energy savedCteachers energy was savedDwas saved teachers energy解析：选B。句意：计算机应用于教学，结果，不仅教师节省能量，而且学生对课程更感兴趣。not only.but (also)放在句首作状语，句子用部分倒装。not only后的部分倒装，but also后的部分不倒装。高考资源网w w 高 考 资源 网
