1、山东省潍坊市2022届高三英语上学期1月期末考试试题第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAt the time of year when the suns daily appearance is often short-lived, the following warm places in Washington State are your first choice. Alderbrook Resort & SpaLess than a two-hour drive from
2、Seattle, located on the edge of the Hood Canal, a nature-filled retreat（休养处）is waving. Seals slide along the waters of the Alderbrook dock（码头）, playing a game of “Go Fish”with dive-bombing seabirds. As you sit on the shaking dock just minutes after arrival,you are already in a quieter world. Suncadi
3、a ResortA mountain escape awaits just over the pass on 1-90, about 80 miles east of Seattle. The resorts annual Winterfest lasts through January 2, full of holiday celebrations and winter recreation, from cross-county skiing and snow mobile tours to ice skating and snowshoe tours. Willows LodgeTwent
4、y miles from Seattle,this luxury lodge is nestled into the centre of Woodinville Wine Country. Situated on five landscaped acres that border the Sammamish River, the Northwest-style lodge is within walking distance of more than 35 tasting rooms. When you step into the lodge, fire crackles and hot ap
5、ple rolls welcome your arrival with a celebratory air. Seattle-area RetreatsSalish Lodge & Spa is a scenic 30-minute drive from Seattle, bringing you to a lodge integrating Old World atmosphere and modern elegance. Get out to enjoy the surrounding nature, hiking near the rushing 270-foot-tall Snoqua
6、lmie Falls or trying activities like fly fishing and snowshoeing. Head to North Bend for a slice of Twedes Cafe strawberry pie. 1. Where can you get the leisure from sea life?A. Seattle-area Retreats. B. Suncadia Resort. C. Alderbrook Resort & Spa. D. Willows Lodge. 2. What can you enjoy at Suncadia
7、 Resort?A. Performances of animals. B. A month-long festival. C. An exhibition of snowshoes. D. Amusements with snow. 3. What do Willows Lodge and Seattle-area Retreats have in common?A. They feature wine tasting. B. They focus on outdoor activities. C. They serve food made from fruits. D. They comb
8、ine the ancient and modern trends. BTwo years ago,Nikki Tysoe rarely got on a bike. Today,though, shes become so addicted to the cycling world that shes even helping to bring pedal power to mental-health nurses at the hospital where she works. In April, the National Lottery-funded charity Access Spo
9、rt introduced a program that provides bikes to Tower Hamlets Royal London Hospital. Nikki pushed for this to be extended to Goodmayes Hospital，a mental-health facility in northeast London where shes a project manager. She says having the bikes not only enables nursing staff to travel safely to and f
10、romwork during the coronavirus crisis, but also lets them blow off steam during their breaks. Nikki wanted to do something to make life a bit better for the staff. Theres a lot of focus on the hospitals at the moment which are having an awful time but this is also an extra-stressful time for mental
11、health staff. The bikes provide a complement to a “wobble room” within the hospital. Its somewhere the staff can go when theyre really stressed, and the bikes are an extension of that. Junior doctor Aiman is very grateful for the program. “Using the bike means I can get to work safely,” she says. “T
12、his has taken out a lot of worries from my daily life and allows me to focus on my patients. Its definitely improved my mental wellbeing.” Stress levels are generally high in nursing and having bikes would make a big difference. While Access Sport has provided Nikki with bikes, her dream is to have
13、three or four bicycles permanently on site. Following the success of the bike loans, Nikki is working to extend the project beyond lockdown. 4. Why did Nikki want to extend the program to Goodmayes Hospital?A. To make her hobby known. B. To get nurses to cycle for health. C. To fight against the cor
14、onavirus crisis. D. To guarantee traffic safety. 5. What might a nurse feeling stressed do in a“wobble room”？A. Attend to patients. B. Reflect on the work. C. Listen to music and relax. D. Receive professional training. 6. What can we infer about the program according to doctor Aiman?A. It meets cha
15、llenges. B. It is a great success. C. It boosts sales of bikes. D. It is popular among patients. 7. Which of the following best describes Nikki?A. Caring. B. Demanding. C. Ambitious. D. Generous. CFor more than a decade，a team of researchers have studied the dynamics of the Greenland Ice Sheet as it
16、 responds to a warming climate. But while much of their focus has been on waters impacts on ice sheet change, their most recent research findings have overturned the order of their thinking. Meierbachtol, Harper and their team discovered that changes in the ice sheet have a real impact on the massiv
17、e groundwater system underlying Greenland. This latest discovery occurred thanks to a marriage of drilling techniques. International cooperators made an angled hole 650 meters through bedrock underneath a Greenland glacier （冰川）to measure groundwater conditions under the ice. Meanwhile, researchers d
18、rilled 32 holes from atop the glacier, through nearly a kilometer of ice, to measure water conditions at the area between ice and bedrock, which forms an important boundary controlling groundwater flow below. After drilling, the team fixed sensors in the ice column and at the ice sheet bed to measur
19、e ice dynamics and water conditions as water flows under the ice. “By studying areas covered by ice 10,000 years ago,we have known that the huge mass and vast amounts of water from melting ice can impact the underlying groundwater，” Meierbachtol said. “Its generally accepted that the groundwater is
20、sleeping over decades to centuries and its response to ice sheet change is long ： thousands of years. But what weve shown here is that it is immediate.”This new understanding could have important subsequent effects on how Greenlands thinning impacts the Arctic. The thinning ice could reduce the rate
21、 of groundwater flow to the ocean, changing the water temperature and salinity（盐度）balance that is important for ocean circulation（循环）patterns. “In thinking about the complex feedbacks from Greenlands ongoing change,we have really ignored the groundwater component,” Harper said. 8. How do the researc
22、hers feel about the result of the recent study?A. Satisfied. B. Disappointed. C. Surprised. D. Doubtful. 9. What contributes most to the new research about the Greenland Ice Sheet?A. Fixing sensors into ice sheet. B. Close international cooperation. C. Advanced rock drilling technology. D. A combina
23、tion of two drilling approaches. 10. What is a misunderstanding of the groundwater under glaciers?A. It has a very large volume. B. It is inactive for a long time. C. Its component is complex. D. Its temperature is changeable. 11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. Water Impa
24、cts the Greenlands Ice SheetB. Longlasting Effects of Global Warming on the ArcticC. Newly Discovered Groundwater Resources in GreenlandD. Greenlands Groundwater Changes with Thinning Ice SheetDMachine parts can easily wear or crack. If engineers had their way,machines would have no moving parts at
25、all. Perhaps just one moving component would be an acceptable solution. Such machines are now beginning to appear. Alloys of gallium （镓合金）that melt below room temperature are chosen. They have three properties： the highest surface tensions of any known liquid, good electrical conductivity, and extre
26、me chemical reactivity, in the form of a willingness to donate electronsa process known as oxidation（氧化）to nearby substances. Kourosh at the University of New South Wales used these properties to design a machine with a single moving part： a continuous-flow reactor. This device is a circular 14cm-lo
27、ng track, for reactants （反应物）to flow around. It was interrupted by a single cavity containing a droplet of liquid metal connected to an electrical power source. An electrical current applied to the droplet produces a change in its surface tension. That, in turn, leads to a pressure differencestrong
28、enough to pull reactants across, allowing electron donation to happen and the desired chemical reaction to occur. The deformation of the droplet as it tenses and relaxes within its cavity pumps the resultant chemical away, allowing fresh reactants to flow in and the process to begin again. The force
29、s produced by surface tension dominate at small scales. At larger scales they arent superior to those generated by electromagnetism（电磁）, on which conventional motors rely. This means that liquid metal engineering will be most useful for objects that are roughly centimetre-size and below. As this is
30、where maintenance and repairs are the most demanding and costly,such a feature is good news. And even though they will likely be limited to smaller devices, the appeal of liquid metals is easy to see. They experience none of the wear-and-tear that eventually causes machine parts to break down. Any d
31、amage they suffer is naturally self-healing. Gallium alloysmoreover, are easy to make,harmless to the touch. Just the ticket,in other words,for creative engineers. 12. Which is one of the characteristics of gallium alloys?A. Their surface tensions are low. B. They are always ready to attract electro
32、ns. C. Electric currents pass through them easily. D. They change to liquids only below room temperature. 13. What happens to the liquid metal when connected to electricity in paragraph 3?A. It is pulled away. B. It produces new chemicals. C. Its shape changes. D. It flows around the track. 14. What
33、 does the underlined word“those” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. Motors. B. Forces. C. Machines. D. Objects. 15. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning liquid metals?A. Their limitations. B. Their applications. C. Their advantages. D. Their functions. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短
34、文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。There is no escaping our evolution into a cashless society. The idea that all transactions（交易）can be completed digitally is becoming more realistic day by day. 16As it is, people increasingly demand low-touch or contactless payments with growing concerns over the spr
35、ead of viruses and diseases. A cashless society would give rise to a new era for financial deals. The key benefits would include lower crime rates,easier foreign transactions,and reduced risks and costs. The idea of a cashless society appears very common in our society.17 Economic inequality and inc
36、lusivity（包容性）are fundamental issues still present worldwide. 18 The unbanked and poor could face significant challenges with digital modes of payment. In fact,most of the unbanked view the cashless movement as an unfair act against those without bank accounts. For a cashless society, there needs to
37、be an understanding and acceptance by governments and payment providers of the financial inclusion issues currently in existence.19 There are also the elderly and the disabled who face their own challenges with rapid digitalization and technological advancement. There are still parts of society that
38、 lack trust in digital payments or have barriers to accessing mobile phones and the Internet. 20 It is also about to launch a national digital currency（货币）, the worlds first. Nearly everything can be transacted by digital means here. As we prepare for the consequence of COVID-19,and use the model se
39、t by China,other countries need to take it upon themselves to provide a harmonious, effective, and cashless societyone that does not leave anyone behind. A. However,this is far from reality. B. Several countries have entered cashless society. C. A cashless society might actually worsen these problem
40、s. D. COVID-19 has sped up the move away from physical cash. E. In China,four out of every five payments are now cashless. F. It isnt just the unbanked who are at risk of being left behind. G. So financial inclusion needs to be the core value in a cashless society. 第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分
41、，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。My love of laundry （洗衣）deepened as I grew older. I learned how to wash and dry my own clothes before I was ten. In my teens, I taught myself to 21 . With a love of dry-clean-only clothes while on a college-student 22 at the University of Kentucky, I 23
42、my textiles（纺织业）professors to find out if I could wash my wool sweaters and pants myself. I 24 I couldafter all,people had been wearing wool clothing since long before the 25 of dry cleaning. What I learned from my laundry teachers were not just the how-tos. In his books, author Gary Chapman teaches
43、 five “love languages” 26 to express and experience love. Mine is 27 . Thats what caring for clothes meant for my grandmother, for my mom, and 28 for me. Far beyond duty，service is the way I show others lovewhether Im ironing my husbands shirts, 29 decorating our home for Christmas. Changing our min
44、dsets from 30 cleaning clothes to caring for others is the 31 to changing our attitudes about laundry from hard work to love. My 32 is that caring for your loved ones clothes shows them love. When their clothes are 33 , smell wonderful, and lookgreat, your loved ones are going to feel as if they can
45、 take on the world, and their days are going to be all the 34 . Thats true for you and your clothes 35 . And dont you deserve that?21. A. ironB. sewC. displayD. measure22. A. salaryB. awardC. budgetD. holiday23. A. stood byB. thoughtofC. learned fromD. sought out24. A. confirmedB. jokedC. suspectedD
46、. imgained25. A. discoveryB. permissionC. inventionD. addiction26. A. storiesB. theoriesC. waysD. chances27. A. shareB. serviceC. interestD. appreciation28. A. nowB. soonC. neverD. once29. A. forB. andC. soD. or30. A. frequentlyB. completelyC. simplyD. directly31. A. keyB. endC. clueD. tendency32. A
47、. modeB. missionC. personalityD. philosophy33. A. newB. cleanC. dearD. right34. A. tidierB. longerC. brighterD. easier35. A. as usualB. as wellC. in timeD. in particular第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Oscars are held every March in the city of Los Angeles. Many of Hollywo
48、ods biggest 36 (celebrity) attend this event, 37 (hope) to win an Oscar award. Since the first ceremony in 1929, 38 only fifteen awards were given out,the Oscars have grown in sizeand popularity. Now,more than fifty of the gold-plated statues are made every year in the city of Chicago. They then 39
49、(transport) to Los Angeles for the awards show. However,on March 8,2000, someone stole the fifty-five Oscar statues that were made for that years ceremony. Soon after, the trucking company 40 (responsibility) for transportingthe statues offered a $50,000 reward for them. A few days later, Willie Ful
50、gear was looking for some boxes in a garbage can near his home in the Koreatown district of Los Angeles. Willie was moving out of his apartment and he needed boxes 41 (pack) his things in. Searching through the can, he found some whiteboxes. He opened one of them and found an Oscar inside. He had th
51、e other boxes 42 (tear) open and got fifty-two Oscars,all 43 perfect condition. He immediately called the police. Finally Willie Fulgear received 44 $50,000 reward and an invitation to the Oscarceremony. He didnt receive an award for his honesty 45 he did go from litter to glitter（闪光）in just one wee
52、k. 第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）请以“My Ideal School Canteen”为题写一篇介绍你心目中你学校理想校园餐厅的英语短文，准备在英语课上向同学们朗读，内容包括:1. 名称和位置；2. 就餐环境；3. 餐饮特色。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。My Ideal School Canteen第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifull
53、y wrapped present in my hands. I fumbled（抚弄）with the string and then,unable to contain my curiosity any longer，I opened it. It was a shiny,brand new laptop. I had scored straight As for my O level examination and this was my reward. I had always envied my friends who were exchanging news about “chat
54、 rooms”，“instant messaging” and“ e-mailing”，all of which I knew nothing about. Now I was going to find out. It started out simply enough. I was searching for some information online when I chanced upon a social networking site. Soon I became glued to my new-found electronic friend. I began to spend
55、more and more time on YouTube and became trapped by Facebook and Twitter. I had never imagined that the day would come when I would be addicted to the glowing screen before me. Whenever I was not glued to these social networking sites,I would be going through gossip or fashion websites. As time pass
56、ed,I realized that I was hooked on the Internet. During weekends,when I had more time on my hands, I could easily spend a few hours on my laptop. It came to a point where I chose to lock myself in my room, refusing to come out and take part in family discussions. I preferred to stay connected to the
57、 people I befriended in cyberspace although I had never met them. Soon I was spending the small hours of the morning glued to the Internet. Sleep was no longer complete and continuous but divided into small pieces. My grades at school also began worsening. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。It was about this time that my parents started voicing their disapproval. Then one day, my father took away my laptop.
