1、 Units 12.单词默写1politician n政治家，政客2smoothly adv.平稳地；顺利地；平滑地3squeeze n拮据，紧缺；挤压4bookworm n书虫，酷爱读书的人5power vt.给提供动力，驱动6alternative adj.可供选择的，二选一的7tentative adj.尝试的，试探的，实验性的8changeable adj.易变的；可变的9preferential adj.优惠的，特惠的；优先的10closed adj.封闭的，排外的；封闭的，关闭的11yearly adv. & adj. happening every year or once a
2、year12conventional adj. thinking and behaving in the normal and traditional way13casual adj. without any clear aim or serious interest14partner n. one of the people who owns a business15submit vt. to formally send something in writing to someone for them to consider.词汇拓展1import vt.进口；输入 n进口；输入export
3、(反义词)2dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的depend v依赖3repay vt.偿还；报答，回报repayment n偿贷，还债4casual adj.随意的，非正式的；不经意的，漫不经心的casually adv.不经意地，随便地5adjustment n调整，调节adjust v调整，调节语境助记词不离句，句不离段African politicians submited a tentative and alternative plan that they must change the closed policy to end up the repayment.They al
4、so suggested that the government should adjust measures to increase the import and preferential policy.短语落实1take advantage of/make use of 利用2put pressure on 给施加压力3on top of 另外，此外4without doubt 毫无疑问5be dependent on 依靠，依赖；随而定6put_into_practice 将付诸实施7submit_to 服从，顺从，听任8take_to 开始从事；喜欢，沉溺于9in_large_numb
5、ers 大量地10word of mouth 言传，口口相传.句子翻译1Today, some developing countries in Africa, Asia and South America stand at a crossroads.(Page 2)今天，非洲、亚洲和南美洲的一些发展中国家正处于关键时刻。2These countries collected the Roma and sent them to other countries, often without a fair hearing.(Page 31)这些国家将罗姆人集中起来，通常未经公正的申诉就把他们遣送到其他
6、国家。3它们是授人以渔的成果，让一个人可以一生填饱自己的肚子。(Page 3)They_are_the_result_of_teaching_a_man_to_fish_so_that_he_can_fill_his_belly_for_a_lifetime.4这就是许多人强烈要求使用替代能源的原因。(Page 14)This_is_why_many_people_are_pushing_for_the_use_of_alternative_energy_sources.5现在，所有的年轻人甚至我的亲人都搬走了。(Page 19)Now,_all_the_young_peopleeven_my
7、_own_flesh_and_bloodmove_away. target vt.把作为目标 n靶子，目标【课本原句】 The FoodforGrowth programme, which targets people most at risk, such as babies, pregnant, women and the elderly.(P2) 健康成长粮食计划它主要以身处危险中的人群作为目标，比如婴儿，孕妇，妇女和老人。【联想拓展】target sb/sth把作为目标target sth on/at sth/sb目的在于hit a target 完成指标set a target for
8、 sth为制定目标meet a target 达到目标on target 按目标an easy target 很容易击中的目标；容易受攻击的人看看高考怎么考翻译句子Such aggressive targets are difficult because design requirements like natural light for students go against the realities of a desert climate.(2009湖北卷阅读理解D)像这种侵略目标很难实现，因为设计要求为学生有足够的光线，这和沙漠气候的现实相矛盾。What type of reader
9、is the new magazine targeting?这本新杂志把什么样的读者视为目标？The programme is targeted at improving the health of women of all ages.这个食谱旨在提高各个年龄段的妇女的健康。The book will be the target of bitter criticism.这本书将成为尖锐批评的对象。 switch vi. vt. & n转换，转变【课本原句】 Developing countries can do this if they switch from importing food t
10、o producing it.(P3)如果发展中国家能从进口食物转换为生产食物，那么他们也能做到。【联想拓展】switch on 打开switch off 关掉switch over 转换(电台或电视频道)；(方法、产品等)完全改变switch with sb与(同事)调班switch to sth转换到看看高考怎么考我们换频道3看蜗居好吗？Shall we swith_over Channel 3 for Dwelling Narrowness? 我把毯子掀开，又跑去开灯。 I lifted the blanket and went to_swith_on_ the light. repay
11、 vt.偿还；报答，回报【课本原句】 In fact, most of them have debts that can never be repaid.(P9)事实上，大多数发展中国家都有很多不能偿还的债务。【联想拓展】repay sb sth(repay sth to sb) 归还；偿还repay sb for sth因(为)某事回报某人repayable adj.可偿还的，应偿还的 repayment n偿还 看看高考怎么考我非常想把他们借给我的钱还给他们。 I fully intend to repay_the_money_they_lent_me我怎么才能报答你为我所做的一切？ Ho
12、w can I ever repay_you_for_what_youve_done_to_us? interest n. 利息；利益；兴趣v. 使感兴趣【课本原句】 However, very high interest rates have created a situation where countries in the developing world now spend $13 on debt repayment for every $1 that they receive.(P9)然而，高利率已经出现了一些国家每赚1美元就要花13美元来还债这样的情况。【联想拓展】show/los
13、e interest in sth表现出/失去对的兴趣have no/some/much/little interest in sth对没有/有些/很有/没有多少兴趣with interest有兴趣地in the interest(s) of为了的利益 interest sb in sth使某人对某事感兴趣be interested in 对感兴趣看看高考怎么考翻译句子我们有各式各样的夏令营活动，你可以根据你的爱好来选择一个。(2011福建卷单项填空)We_have_various_summer_camps_for_your_holidays；you_can_choose_one_based_
14、on_your_own_interests他对此失去了兴趣。Hes_lost_interest_in_it.The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.Why? Its _ than the films I have ever seen.(2011江西卷单项填空24)Afar more interesting Bmuch less interestingCno more interesting Dany less interesting答案AYou are looking out of the window again.Why are y
15、ou so _ about what is happening outside？(2011邵东创新实验学校11月月考)Aeager BinterestedCanxious Dcurious答案D alternative adj.可供选择的，二选一的 n(二者当中)选一个，供选择的东西【课本原句】 This is why many people are pushing for the use of alternative energy sources.(P14)这就是许多人正在强烈要求使用替代能源的原因。【联想拓展】have no alternative but to do.别无选择只好做alt
16、ernatively adv.两者挑一地alternate v交替；轮流alternate.with/and.使交替发生/出现；轮流安排看看高考怎么考You can see changes in their life that are connected with their alternative(可供选择的) break experiences.(2011天津卷阅读表达)我们别无他法只有辞退汤姆。We_have_no_alternative_but_to_fire_Tom. choose v选择，决定；挑选【课本原句】 Where would you like to move if you
17、 could choose a place to move to？(P17)如果你可以选择的话你会去哪里？choose sth选择，选取，选中choose to_do sth选择做(宁愿做)，决定做choose.from 从中选出There is little to choose from A and BA和B不相上下，难以取舍辨析 elect/pick/selectelect 强调选举、推选，即通过投票选择某人担任某职位。pick 强调拾起、采集、挑选、窃取、偷。select 指“精选”，即有所淘汰。看看高考怎么考根据句意，选用choose，elect，pick，select的正确形式完成句
18、子When I am faced with a difficulty, I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or Web pages.(2011安徽卷写作范文)He looked through a suit and selected the cheapest one for me.The children were picking tomatoes in the garden.He had his pocket picked yesterday. age n年龄【课本原句】 Throughout the Midwe
19、st and the Northeast, people aged 60 and over are packing their bags and heading south along the freeway to state like Florida.(P18)在整个中西部和东北部地区，60及60岁以上的人们正在收拾行囊，沿着高速公路向南行进到像佛罗里达这样的州去。aged adj.岁的；年迈的children aged 12 and over 12岁及12岁以上的儿童the aged (the old) 老年人aging/ageing building 老化、陈旧的建筑【联想拓展】at t
20、he age of 在岁时at an early age 在很小的时候act/be your age 成熟点吧be sbs age 与某人同龄reach the age of.达到年龄with age 随着年龄的增大for ages 好久come of age 达到法定年龄be over age 超龄be under age 未成年，不足年龄看看高考怎么考Everyone is forgetful, but, we as_we_age(当我们变老时) start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a ve
21、ry annoying thing.(2011 辽宁卷 七选五)根据句意填介词He found he could not enter for the scholarship, as he was over age.John was rejected by the army because he was under age.People in Japan enjoy a long life；women can live to the age of 89 while men to 84. submit vi.服从，顺从，听任 vt.递交，呈递；提议，主张，认为【课本原句】 By refusing
22、to submit to any government, the Roma cannot vote, but they also cannot be forced to pay taxes.(P30)由于拒绝屈从于任何政府，罗姆人不能投票，但他们也不能被强迫缴税。【联想拓展】submit (oneself) to.服从，顺从submit sth to.向提交submitthat 认为submit an entry报名参加 submission n服从，屈服；提交in submission to 服从，顺从，听从看看高考怎么考You are free to submit(呈递) the arti
23、cle elsewhere at the same time.(2011北京卷阅读理解B)We cant _ global warming.Instead, both developed countries and developing countries should shoulder the responsibility in the fight against climate change.(2011邵阳县一中11月月考) Asubmit to Bcorrespond toCsubscribe to Dpromise to答案A put pressure on/upon sb 给施压【课
24、本原句】 The concert also received so much attention around the world that it put great pressure on politicians and statesmen to do something about the famine.(P2)音乐会还受到了全世界的极大关注，这给政客们施加了巨大的压力，迫使他们为这次饥荒做一些事情。【联想拓展】ease off the pressure of sb为某人减轻压力exert pressure on sb to do sth迫使某人做某事relieve/reduce pres
25、sure on sb/sth减缓的压力under pressure 在压力之下give in to pressure 屈从压力high blood pressure 高血压air pressure 大气压看看高考怎么考He also gave me some _ on dressing and speaking.I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very satisfied.(2011安徽卷完形填空)Apressures BagreementsCimpressions Dsuggestions答案DThe pressure that t
26、he bank has _ on our company is to reduce its borrowings.(2012株洲二中10月份月考)Amade Bgiven Csent Dput答案DSome people work well _ while others get nervous and do badly.(2012湖南石门一中高三摸底考试)Aunder way Bunder pressureCunder control Dunder repair答案B account for (在数量和比例上)占，占据；是的原因；对作出解释或说明【课本原句】 The group account
27、ed for nearly 18 percent of the states population.(P18)这个人群大约占到该州人口的18%。【联想拓展】take (no) account of.(不)考虑，(不)重视take.into accounttake.into consideration 考虑on account of 因为on no account 决不(位于句首时，句子要倒装)看看高考怎么考Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University, North Carolina states that although the elderly represe
28、nt about 13% of the US population, those aged 65 and over account_for_the_consumption_of_one_third_of_all_drugs(占了所有药物三分之一的消费)(2010上海卷六选五)离开住宅时千万要锁门。On_no_account should the house be left unlocked.By 2020, the United Nations estimates that urban populations will _ 55% of the total human population.(
29、2011澧县一中摸底考试)Amake for Bcount onCaccount for Dconsist in 答案C so.that 如此以至于【课本原句】 The concert also received so much attention around the world that it put great pressure on politicians and statesmen to do something about the famine.(P2)音乐会还受到了全世界的极大关注，这给政客们施加了巨大的压力，迫使他们为这次饥荒做一些事情。so.that引导结果状语从句。【联想拓
30、展】so.that.句型中，so后面应加一个形容词或副词，“如此以至于”。so that 主要用来引导目的状语从句。其从句中的谓语动词常和can, may, should等情态动词连用，而且主句和从句之间不使用逗号，意为“以便能够”。看看高考怎么考All we assume(推测)is that some early men invented certain sounds, in one way or another, to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things，so_that_they_could_talk_with_each_o
31、ther(以便他们能够彼此交流) .(2011全国阅读理解E)他们早早出发以便按时赶到。They_set_out_early_so_that_they_might_arrive_in_timeI have seldom seen my mother _ pleased with my progress as she is now.(2012邵东创新实验学校10月份月考)Aso Bvery Ctoo Drather答案AThere are _ many people in the street that we couldnt move on.There are _ a lot of people
32、 in the street that we couldnt move on.(2012长沙同升湖实验学校高三期中考试)Aso；so Bsuch；such Cso；such Dsuch；so that答案C There is a saying that goes.【课本原句】 There is a saying that goes “Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day.Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime.”(P3)有句俗语是这样说的：“授人以鱼，三餐之需；授人以渔，终生
33、之用。”辨析 go/read/say/write(1)go意为“(文句等)表达为”，强调(诗或歌词/调)唱，说或指(故事等)发生情况如何。(2)read意为“应读作，写着。写成是”，强调的是“告示、信或段落等书写的内容”。(3)say意为“写道，说，指示”，强调“书面材料或可见的东西”所提供的信息，很多情况下能与read互换。(4)write意为“写道”，强调“书面陈述，以(文字)说”。看看高考怎么考选词填空(go，say，write，read)Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they say so goes far beyo
34、nd the work they have in school.(2011 广东卷 完形填空)The story goes that shes been married for five years.The book doesnt say where he was born.In his latest book he writes that the theory has since been disproved.单词拼写1American art reached a peak of creativity(创造力) in the 1950s.2Heavy rainfall(降雨) flooded
35、 the lowlands.3The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative(可供替代的) road.4He was unemployed(失业的) for two months after leaving college.5Changeable(多变的) weather makes it difficult to carry out the program.6If you want to go abroad, it is your responsibility to be in possession of a valid passport
36、and a visa.7A 32yearold man from London is the prime suspect in the murder investigation.8Local banks give better rates for converting our travelers checks into forging currency9Have you got the latest edition of the magazine Readers?10The weather in England is very changeableThats why weather is a
37、popular topic to start a conversation.选词填空in particular；seize control of；associate.with.；(in) the years to come；in other words；be charged with；in terms of；without permission；meet the deadline1People always associate the Great Pyramid with Egypt.2Nobody knows what will happen in_the_years_to_come3We
38、expect to meet_the_deadline for completing the project.4He was_charged_with murder.5She took the car without_permission.6The army has seized_control_of the country.7The job is great in_terms_of salary, but it has its disadvantages.8She loves science fiction in_particular9They asked him to leavein_ot
39、her_words he was fired.10After carefully preparing our plan, we put it into_practice11They are pushing_for a quick solution to the problem.12If we go to war, innocent lives will be put at_risk13A childs development is_dependent_on many factors.14Immigrants have contributed_to British culture in many
40、 ways.翻译句子1他取得的成就部分归功于一直支持和鼓励他的妻子。(in part)His_achievements_were_in_part_due_to_his_wife,_who_had_been_supporting_and_encouraging_him.2要取得成功，你必须学会利用你可利用的时间。(make use of)To_achieve_success,_you_should_learn_to_make_use_of_your_available_time.3家长的不满迫使学校提高教学质量和服务。(put pressure on)Parents_complaints_put
41、_great_pressure_on_the_school_to_improve_its_teaching_quality_and_services.4毫无疑问，这家公司处于发展的关键时期，它需要引进大量的人才。(stand at a crossroads)This_company_without_doubt_stands_at_a_crossroads_in_terms_of_its_development,_so_it_needs_to_bring_in_large_numbers_of_talents.5他非常想看到他的计划很快实施。(put into practice)He_would
42、_very_like_to_see_his_plan_put_into_practice_soon.单项填空1What supplies the aircraft with the energy that makes it fly?It is _ by a jet engine.Aswitched BoperatedCpowered Drun答案Cpower在此用作动词，意为“驱动，推动，为提供动力”。 2Song Zuying _ the charm of Chinas culture through a folk song in the Great Hall of the People,
43、which drew the attention of the foreign minister.Apointed out Bfocused onCshowed off Dtargeted on答案Cshow off在此句中意为“展示，表现”。 3Bob spent five months traveling around the world.His wife Anne, _， took care of their five children on her own.Ameanwhile BfurthermoreCbesides Dnevertheless答案Ameanwhile表示“与此同时”
44、，此句中可译成“在这段时间里”。 4The real _ of a man may lie in how he behaves, not in what he has.Adignity BwealthCfinance Dcreativity答案Bwealth财富。句意：一个人真正的财富可能在于他的举止而不在于他拥有什么。5What will we use to _ our vehicles if the fuels _？ Arun；run out Bstart；used upCpower；run out Dmanage；are used up答案Crun out用完；无被动形式。句意：如果燃料
45、被用完，我们用什么给车辆提供动力？6Cultural exchange between the two countries help to _ the understanding and friendship between the two peoples.Aincrease BraiseCpromote Dstrengthen答案C句意：两国之间的文化交流有助于增进两国人民之间的了解和友谊。7When can we come to visit you?Anytime you feel like _.Aone BitCso Dthat答案Bit指代上句中提到的事情。句意：我们什么时候来拜访你？
46、想来随时可以来。8Dogs have a very good _ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.Asense BviewCmeans Didea答案Aa sense of smell嗅觉。句意：狗嗅觉灵敏，经常被用来搜寻地震中的幸存者。9You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady.(2009株洲统考)Amight BneedCshould Dwould答案Cshould表示“竟然，居然”。10
47、What did you say to the young man over there just now?Nothing.I _ to myself.Ahad only talked Bhave only talkedCam just talking Dwas just talking答案D此处表示刚才正在进行的动作，指“我刚才只是在自言自语”。11_ abroad for a tour can be a great honor for an ordinary person like me.ATaken BBeing takenCTaking DHaving been taken答案B此题为
48、动名词短语作主语。12I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good _.Ato be breathed Bto breatheCbreathing Dbeing breathed答案B在“主语be adj.to do”的结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表被动意义。13I often hear quite a few sons and daughters say they never fully appreciated their parents _ it was too late to tell them.Aun
49、til BafterCwhen Das答案A此题为“not.until.”结构。14I used to swim with my friends in this river summer and fall, but not once since I left my hometown in 1998 _.AI have swum BI swamCdid I swim Dhave I swum答案D否定词not置于句首，主句用倒装语序。从since从句中可推断出主句应该为现在完成时态。15Well have to think twice before we decide to buy a product an advertisement _.Asuggests Bshows Cmakes Dpraises答案Asuggest在本句中意为“推荐，举荐”。
