1、考点归纳拓展基础知识通关考点归纳拓展基础知识通关必考话题21周围的环境()写 作 必 备基础词汇1energy n 能源2change n&v.变化3severely adv.严重地4renewable adj.可再生的5lowcarbon adj.低碳的6polluted adj.受污染的7ecological adj.生态的考点归纳拓展基础知识通关8run out 用完9adjust to 适应10a majority of 大多数11save energy 节约能源考点归纳拓展基础知识通关提分句型1 We have been cutting down too many trees，whi
2、chcauses birds and animals to lose their natural habitats.我们一直在砍伐过多的树木，这使鸟类和动物失去了它们自然的栖息地。2Water sources have become so badly polluted that some of the water is unfit to drink or to use.水资源已经被污染得如此严重，以至于一些水已经不适合饮用或使用。3Its high time that we paid much attention to protecting our environment.到了我们应该高度重视
3、环境保护的时候了。考点归纳拓展基础知识通关美 文 赏 析素材示例春节期间，你同你父母回乡下老家看望你爷爷奶奶，这是你时隔五年后的又一次回乡下，下面是你在乡下的所见所闻，请根据图画内容，写一篇120字以上的英语短文，描述乡村的变化。考点归纳拓展基础知识通关考点归纳拓展基础知识通关考点归纳拓展基础知识通关During the Spring Festival，I，together with my parents，went to the mountain village where my grandparents live.It is five years since I last went ther
4、e.Great changes have taken place in the past five years.It is far better than I expected.佳作播报考点归纳拓展基础知识通关Hardly had I got off the bus when a high water tower came into my eyes.Now every family can drink fresh running water.Villagers no longer use firewood for cooking.Marsh gas，a new cheap clean ener
5、gy，makes it very convenient to cook and light.All families have color TV sets.Their pastimes are enjoyable and colorful.What impressed me most was that the best building in the village is the school，where all children can receive good education.I was greatly shocked to have seen all the changes in t
6、he countryside.I believe theyll make even greater achievement with the new countryside policy.考点归纳拓展基础知识通关1Hardly had I got off the bus when.此句使用了部分倒装结构。hardly.when.刚就，如果hardly置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。模拟Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.我刚到家，就开始下雨了。2.，makes it very convenient to cook and light.此句中it作
7、形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式短语to cook and light.模拟I think it convenient for us to go to school by electric bike.我认为对我们来说骑电动车上学很方便。考点归纳拓展基础知识通关3What impressed me most was that.此句是what引导的主语从句作主语。模拟What we shall do next hasnt been decided.我们下一步将做什么还未决定。考点归纳拓展基础知识通关考点归纳拓展基础知识通关考点归纳拓展基础知识通关考点归纳拓展基础知识通关答案1.seek；seeker2.
8、postpone3.prohibit；prohibition4.rob；robber；robbery5.decline6.submit7minimum；maximum8.tolerate；tolerant；tolerance9.oppose；opposition；opposite；opposed10.violate；violent；violence11.faith；faithful；faithfully12.equip；equipment13.fortune；fortunate；fortunately14.enquiry；enquire15.submit；submission16.extens
9、ion；extend17.concern；concerned；concerning考点归纳拓展基础知识通关He is absorbed in useful and various information.He puts the former in storage and digests it.He never postpones treating us to a big dinner whenever making a fortune.He can defend himself by decreasing the loss.He cant tolerate being ignored.词不离句
10、，句不离段考点归纳拓展基础知识通关考点归纳拓展基础知识通关考点归纳拓展基础知识通关The womens volleyball team put up a desperate fight to win the world championship at all costs.We may miss the next bus,but at any rate well be there before midday.The government is trying to wipe out the illegal activites.Do remember：“Dont put off what you s
11、hould do today until tomorrow.”Its a shame that all her efforts are in vain.小试身手，聚焦短语考点归纳拓展基础知识通关.经典句式1Many contemporary amateur athletes would have broken world records if they had taken part in the first Olympic Games.许多当代的业余运动员如果参加了首届奥运会，他们会打破很多项世界纪录的。解读含有if条件句的虚拟语气模拟I would have attended the par
12、ty(如果当初被邀请的话)考点归纳拓展基础知识通关2 The Olympic spiritthe spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winninghas been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.人们不惜任何代价想获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。解读rather than而不是模拟Change your diet，(而不是)dieting,is a healthier alternative.考点归纳拓展基础知识通关3Unf
13、ortunately,it is not easy to catch athletes using illegal drugs.不幸的是，要检查出运动员服用违禁药物是不容易的。解读主语be过去分词不定式句型模拟(这本书据说已被翻译成)several foreign languages.考点归纳拓展基础知识通关4Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months,with a tendency to strike the young and fit rather than the old,the Spanish Flu is believed t
14、o have been the most acute epidemic in history.西班牙流感在18个月内使多达5千万人丧命，并且发病的倾向为：年轻力壮的而不是老年人容易发病，它被认为是历史上最严重的流行性传染病。解读It isadj.to do sth句式模拟(被录取是不可能的)to a key university with such a low score.考点归纳拓展基础知识通关5In the future,athletes who have their genes changed might be able to do the 100 metres dash in just
15、 8 seconds or the marathon in less than two hours.将来，改变基因的运动员有可能创下8秒跑完100米的纪录或不到两小时跑完马拉松的记录。解读have sth done结构模拟We must(完成工作)by Tuesday.考点归纳拓展基础知识通关答案 1.if I had been invited2.rather than3.The book is said to have been translated into4.It is impossible to be admitted5.have the work finished考点归纳拓展基础知识
16、通关.必背句法条件句与混合条件句用所给词的适当形式填空1If Mother(tell)me the truth when I was young,I would not make such mistakes so often now.2You could answer most of the questions now if you(review)the lessons last night.3If you had studied hard before,you(be)a college student now.4I didnt hear the phone.I must(be)asleep.
17、5I could(work)out the problem,but I was too nervous.考点归纳拓展基础知识通关答案 1.had told2.had reviewed3.would be4have been5.have worked考点归纳拓展基础知识通关完成句子If Iin your position，Ithe same.如果我处于你的位置，我也会这样做。If youearlier，youhim.如果你早点来，你就会见到他了。If hecome tomorrow，Igive him the dictionary.如果他明天来，我就把这本词典给他。条分缕析，步步为营考点归纳拓展
18、基础知识通关If youthe doctors advice，youbetter now.果你听从了医生的建议，你现在就好多了。Iso busy then.Otherwise Ihim the answer.那时我很忙，否则我会告诉他答案的。答案 were；would dohad come；would have metshould；wouldhad taken；would bewas；would have told考点归纳拓展基础知识通关seek(sought,sought)vt.寻找，寻求；追求；探求；探索；试图(教材原句)Doping is not only a problem in at
19、hletics,it is part of every sport where athletes seek to achieve beyond their natural limits and are prepared to cheat to do so.服用兴奋剂不仅仅是田径运动存在的问题，每个运动项目都存在这个问题，运动员为寻求取得超常体育成绩而准备欺骗。词 汇 精 解考点归纳拓展基础知识通关seek sth(from sb)(向某人)请求/寻求某物seek after/for sb(sth)寻求某人(某物)seek ones fortune寻找成功(致富)的机会seek out找出；寻出
20、seek to do sth试图做 考点归纳拓展基础知识通关The event was held for young people from around the world,to seek their views on how the future of youth and education should look.(2013福建卷，E)这次活动是为来自世界各地的年轻人举办，寻求他们对未来的青年和教育的看法。We are seeking to attain the most advanced technology level in the world.我们正设法达到世界最先进的技术水平。W
21、hy do modern peoplematerial possessions？为什么现代人追求物质财富？答案 seek after考点归纳拓展基础知识通关oppose vt.反对(教材原句)Genetherapy is very controversial and many people oppose further research into it.基因治疗是很有争议的，许多人反对进一步研究。(1)oppose(doing)sth反对(做)某事oppose sbs doing sth反对某人做某事(2)opposed adj.相反的；对立的be opposed to(doing)sth反对
22、(做)某事；与(做)某事对立考点归纳拓展基础知识通关Most Americans opposed/were opposed to Syria war.大部分美国人反对叙利亚战争。I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly.(2012广东卷，B)我一贯反对定时喂孩子。Shevery much.她很反对你出国。答案 is；opposed to your going abroad考点归纳拓展基础知识通关postpone vt.推迟，延期(教材原句)I decided not to postpone studying and
23、 got up early every morning to get down to work straight away.我决定不推迟学习，并每天早上早起直接准备去工作。postpone doing sth延缓做某事，推迟做某事postpone sth until/to.把推迟到考点归纳拓展基础知识通关We are postponing our trip to/until the weather is fine.我们推迟旅行直到天气晴好。Our school has decided tothe sports meeting because of the heavy rain.我们学校已决定推
24、迟运动会，因为雨太大。答案 postpone holding考点归纳拓展基础知识通关prohibit vt.禁止(教材原句)Since the SARS epidemic ended,scientists have been doing trials on treatments to prohibit any future outbreaks.从“非典”疫潮结束后，科学家们就在做治疗实验以防止将来的再次爆发。prohibit(doing)sth禁止(做)某事prohibit sb from doing sthprohibit ones doing sth禁止某人做某事考点归纳拓展基础知识通关1
25、4 departments are working together to prohibit the hunting of wild animals in the province.14个部门正在共同努力禁止在全省猎捕野生动物。The law prohibits tobacconists from selling cigarettes to children.法律禁止烟贩向儿童出售香烟。考点归纳拓展基础知识通关Some people think that its necessary to prohibit peoples using mobile phones in some places.(
26、句型转换)Some people think that its necessary tomobile phones in some places.一些人认为有必要禁止人们在一些场合使用手机。答案 prohibit people from using考点归纳拓展基础知识通关rob vt.使丧失；抢劫(教材原句)Terri had fallen into a coma in 1990 when a heart attack robbed her brain of oxygen causing permanent harm.1990年，特里心脏病发作，由于大脑缺氧造成了永久性伤害，陷入昏迷状态。ro
27、b sb/sp of sth抢劫某人/地某物robbery n抢劫；盗窃robber n抢劫者；强盗考点归纳拓展基础知识通关The tomb which dates back to the Ming Dynasty had been robbed of its treasures.这座可追溯到明朝时期的坟墓里的财宝已被盗。Her illness the chance to play for her school.生病使她失去了代表学校参加比赛的机会。答案 robbed her of考点归纳拓展基础知识通关decline vi.&vt.下降；衰退；谢绝，婉言谢绝n下降；衰退(教材原句)Even
28、though doctors dont fully understand comas and process of recovery,it is generally agreed that a patients chances of recovery decline the longer they stay in a coma.虽然医生们并没有完全明白昏迷及其恢复过程，但是他们普遍认为病人持续昏迷的时间越长，会降低他们恢复的可能性。考点归纳拓展基础知识通关观察句子，写出下列黑体部分的词性和含义I invited her to my wedding,but she declined my inv
29、itation.The company reported a small decline in its profits.The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10%last month.Industry in Britain has been in decline since 1970s.(1)decline to do sth婉拒做某事(2)decline in/of sth在某方面减少/下降on the decline走下坡路，在衰退中fall/go into(a)decline开始衰落，陷入衰退考点归纳拓展基础知识通关In sp
30、ite of many invitations,he would always decline to visit Oxford.(2012山东卷，B)尽管收到很多邀请，但他总是拒绝访问牛津。The number of people who run the red lights issince the new traffic regulation came into effect.自从新的交通规则实施以来，闯红灯的人数下降了。答案 v.谢绝n.下降 v.下降 n.衰退on the decline考点归纳拓展基础知识通关equip vt.使有准备；装备牛津The course is designe
31、d to equip students for a career in nursing.此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。(1)equip.with.用装备 equip.for sth/to do sth为了而装备 be equipped for/to do sth为装备好；做好准备考点归纳拓展基础知识通关(2)equipment Un.设备，设施Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others conversations.(2013辽宁卷，D)现在它意味着它是人们用
32、来偷听他人的谈话秘密的一小件设备。Please a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.请自己准备一枝削尖的铅笔和一块橡皮参加考试。考点归纳拓展基础知识通关The emergency servicesdeal with disasters of this kind.急救队配有装备，可处理此类灾难事件。答案 equip yourself withare equipped to考点归纳拓展基础知识通关submit vt.提交；使服从(教材原句)You were supposed to submit it on the 14th June.你本应该在6月14
33、日提交它(文章)。submit.to.把提交给；向提出submit sb/oneself to使某人/自己甘受，服从submit to服从于，屈服于考点归纳拓展基础知识通关They had to submit themselves to his judgement.他们不得不服从他的判决。Completed projects must the manager by 10 March.完成的方案必须在3月10号前交给经理。He the headmasters order finally that all teachers shouldthat reportthe headmaster.他最终服从
34、了校长的命令所有的老师都应将那份报告呈交给校长。答案 be submitted tosubmitted to；submit；to考点归纳拓展基础知识通关at all costs 不惜代价地，无论如何(教材原句)The Olympic spiritthe spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winninghas been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.人们不惜任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。at the cost o
35、f以为代价；牺牲at a cost of以的价格at any cost(at all costs)在任何情况下，无论如何考点归纳拓展基础知识通关Zhang Lili,a brave woman teacher,saved her students.张丽莉，一位勇敢的女教师，不惜任何代价救了她的学生。The hero saved the boys life out of the burning library his own life,which was put up one million dollars last year.英雄牺牲了自己的生命从燃烧着的去年耗资100万美元建起来的图书馆里救
36、出了那个男孩。答案 at all costs/at any costat the cost of；at a cost of考点归纳拓展基础知识通关句 式 诠 释(教材原句)The Olympic spiritthe spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winninghas been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.人们不惜任何代价想获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。(1)rather than为并列连词，意为“而不是，与其不如”
37、，这一表达方式通常用在平行结构中，连接相同的句子成分，即rather than前后两部分在成分和形式上应当一致。考点归纳拓展基础知识通关考点归纳拓展基础知识通关(3)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的词在人称和数上保持一致。Mary,rather than you，not finishing the work on time.是玛丽而不是你应为没有按时完成工作而受责备。答案 preferred to；rather thanis to blame for考点归纳拓展基础知识通关(教材原句)Unfortunately,it is not ea
38、sy to catch athletes using illegal drugs.不幸的是，很难抓住使用禁药的运动员。(1)本句为“It isadj.to do sth”句式，it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to catch athletes using illegal drugs。It is very difficult to walk such a long way in the snow.在雪地里走这么长的路是非常困难的。考点归纳拓展基础知识通关(2)在“It isadj.for sb to do sth”句式中，作表语的形容词说明不定式行为的性质和特点，常见的有：easy，dif
39、ficult,important,necessary,vital,possible等。而在“It isadj.of sb to do sth”句式中，作表语的形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格或性质，常见的有：kind,nice,good,clever,wise,careful,stupid,foolish,rude等。考点归纳拓展基础知识通关How silly it wasyou to give up such a good chance！放弃这么好的一个机会，你真是太傻了！It is bad manners the young to take up the seats for the old.年轻人占据老年人的座位是不礼貌的。答案 offor
