1、课时分层作业(十)语言知识练习固基础单句语法填空1Mr.Smith used to_smoke (smoke) a lot, but he has given it up now.2If you do so, you can do more work with fewer (few) people.3You were working too hard.Youd better keep a balance between work and relaxation.4Either you or I am (be) going to be in charge of this matter.5Its m
2、y turn to_pick (pick) up my daughter from the kindergarten after work.6We Chinese have good reasons to be proud of our achievements in the past thirty years.7The closer (close) you stay to nature, the more you will appreciate her beauty.8You are supposed to_ask (ask) for permission if you want to ta
3、ke photos in the museum.9There is still room for improvement in the future, especial in the area of security.10The astonished expression on his face suggested that he knew nothing about the astonishing news.(astonish)高考题型练习提能力.阅读理解AThis is not something new.Youre sitting at the dinner table with you
4、r dog touching your feet.You know you shouldnt give dogs human food.But when you look down，you find that those lovely puppy eyes are almost impossible to say“no”to.So you give it some food.What is it about a dogs loving gaze(凝视) that makes is so lovely？A new study by a scientist Miho Nagasawa seems
5、to have found the answer.He found it has to do with something called the cuddle(拥抱) chemical.The cuddle chemical in the blood encourages bonding.Levels of it increase，for example，when a parent hugs a newborn baby.According to Nagasawas study，levels of the cuddle chemical can also go up when we look
6、deeply into the eyes of a dog.In order to better understand how the cuddle chemical works between dogs and humans，Nagasawa and his team did an experiment.They tested levels of the cuddle chemical in dogs and humans，and then put them in a room to interact(互动) with each other.While in the room，the hum
7、ans petted the dogs，spoke to the dogs，and looked into the dogseyes.Then the scientists tested their levels of the cuddle chemical again.They found that levels of the cuddle chemical were higher in both humans and dogs after they interacted.However，levels were the highest in the humans and dogs that
8、simply looked into each others eyes，without much petting or talking.Simply put，the longer the humans look into the eyes of the dogs，the more the cuddle chemical is produced，Nagasawa did the same experiment with humans and wolves，but it did not give the same results.【语篇解读】研究发现，当人和狗对视的时候，双方体内的“拥抱荷尔蒙”都
9、会增加，从而加深彼此的感情。1According to the author，the fact mentioned in Para.1 is _AspecialBsurprisingCcommonDboringC细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“This is not something new.”可知，作者认为这种现象很普遍。2Why did Nagasawa and his team do the first experiment?ATo find how the cuddle chemical affects humans.BTo help humans get along well wi
10、th animals.CTo make good use of the cuddle chemical.DTo learn more about the cuddle chemical.D推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“In order to better understand how the cuddle chemical works between dogs and humans.”可知，科学家们做这个实验的目的是要更好地了解“拥抱荷尔蒙”是如何发挥作用的，也就是说他们想要知道有关“拥抱荷尔蒙”更多的信息。3The level of the cuddle chemical in human
11、s will not increase when _Athey talk to a wolfBthey play with a dogCthey hug newborn babiesDthey look into a dogs eyesA细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，人类和狼之间的互动交流不会使人体内的“拥抱荷尔蒙”增加。4The passage is probably taken from _Aa story book Ba science magazineCscience fictionDa text bookB文章出处题。根据文章内容可知本文主要是讲一个科学研究的，由此可推断本文最有
12、可能摘自一本科学杂志。BMany gardeners believe that “talking” to their plants helps them growit turns out that they may not be crazy after all.According to the scientists from the University of Exeter, plants may keep communicating with each other through a secret “unseen” language.For their experiment, the sci
13、entists picked a cabbage plant that is known to send out a gas when its surface is cut.In order to get video evidence of the communication, they changed the cabbage gene by adding the luciferase(荧光素酶), which is what makes fireflies(萤火虫)glow in the dark.When the changed cabbage plant was in full bloo
14、m, they cut a leaf off with a pair of scissors, and almost immediately, thanks to the luciferase, they could see the plant sending out “methyl jasmonate(茉莉酸甲酯)”While this was a known fact, what was surprising was the fact that the minute this gas began to give out, the nearby cabbage plants seemed t
15、o sense some kind of danger and started to send out a gas that they normally have to keep enemies like caterpillars(毛虫)away.What the scientists are not sure is whether the plants are trying to warn the other leaves or the near plants about the dangersomething that will require further research.Howev
16、er, the team, which is led by Professor Nick Smirnoff, is quite excited about the findings because this is the first time it has been proved that plants do not live a passive life, but actually move, sense and even communicate with each other.【语篇解读】本文讲述的是植物也有自己的语言。5Whats the best title of the passag
17、e? APlants Can Send Some GasBPlants Can Communicate with Each OtherCThe “Unseen” Language of PlantsDPlants Cant Feel PainC主旨大意题。本文讲述的是以前园丁认为与植物说话， 会让它们长得更好， 现在科学表明植物之间也是有语言的， 可以进行沟通和交流。6What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 mean? AGardeners. BPlants.CScientists.DFireflies.A推理判断题。根据第一段提
18、到“Many gardeners believe thattalkingto their plants helps them growit turns out that they may not be crazy after all.”许多的园丁认为与植物说话， 能帮助它们生长， 事实证明园丁没有在说谎。7When the plant sent out methyl jasmonate, which of the following statements is NOT true? AThe nearby cabbage plants seemed to sense some kind of d
19、anger.BThe nearby cabbage plants started to send out a gas.CThe nearby cabbage plants tried to warn the near plants.DThe nearby cabbage plants communicated through a secret language.C细节理解题。根据第四段提到“the nearby cabbage plants seemed to sense some kind of danger and started to send out a gas that they n
20、ormally have to keep enemies like caterpillars(毛虫) away.”附近的圆白菜会发出一种危险气体， 使捕食者远离， 故C项错误。8According to the experiment, plants _Adont live a passive lifeBcan feel pain when they are cutCcan warn the other leaves about dangerDcan talk with each otherA推理判断题。根据最后一段提到“this is the first time it has been pr
21、oved that plants do not live a passive life, but actually move, sense and even communicate with each other.”证明植物不会过着被动的生活， 而是会移动， 感觉甚至能彼此交流。.阅读七选五As you know，it is a quite different experience being around positive people versus negative ones.If you are determined to be more positive yourself，here a
22、re some ways you can do so：1Failure is part of learning._1_They understand that failure is an event，and doesnt define who they are.Negative people are emotionally disabled by failure because they allow it to define who they are._2_2_3_Because they are team players，positive people will get behind and
23、 support ideas that are not theirseven if they might disagree with them.Negative people have a hard time fully supporting ideas that they feel wont be successful.When an idea that wasnt theirs doesnt succeed，they are sure to give their teammates the“Itoldyouso”expression.3Youre so good！_4_They pay c
24、lose attention to others when others do well，and they are quick to tell them.Negative people say，“Why would I praise people for things they are supposed to do？”Most importantly，its not about the praise._5_The simple praise can strengthen relationships and motivate the person to do even better.Positi
25、ve people dont underestimate(低估)the power of encouraging words.APositive people are all talkativeBTeamwork makes the dream workCPositive people like to spread positivityDNegative people know about failure very muchEIts about showing the other people that you notice themFPositive people view failure
26、as an opportunity to learn and get betterGThey fail to understand that its part of the learning and growing process【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了成为一个积极乐观的人的方法。1F根据上文中的“Failure is part of learning”可推知，积极乐观的人能够从失败中学习，从而成长，所以选F项。2G空处与上文中的“They understand that failure is an event，and doesnt define who they are.”形成对比，由此可
27、推知，消极的人不能真正理解失败的含义，从而不能从中得到学习，有所进步，所以选G项。3B根据下文中的“Because they are team players，positive people will get behind and support ideas that are not theirseven if they might disagree with them.”可推知，团队协作很重要，积极的人会互相支持以实现梦想，所以选B项。4C根据空前一句“Youre so good！”可推知，积极乐观的人说积极的话语，传递正能量，所以选C项。5E根据上文的“Most importantly，i
28、ts not about the praise.”及下文的“The simple praise can strengthen relationships and motivate the person to do even better.”可推知，积极乐观的人赞扬别人表明他们在乎对方，从而可以改善人际关系，激励他人做得更好，所以选E项。.语法填空Charlie studied chemistry in a famous college for four years.He studied hard and did well 1._all his subjects.He hoped to beco
29、me a good teacher. This year he left the college and 2._(begin) to work in a middle school.He likes his students and wants them to get good marks，3._he tries his best to make his classes lively and interesting.One day he explained a chemical 4._(react) to the students in the chemistry lab.“Be 5._(ca
30、re), everyone，” he said loudly.“Before I made the experiment, there were twenty five carbon atoms (碳原子), but now, therere twenty four carbon atoms 6._(leave) ！”He stopped to watch the classroom and hoped his students would go on 7._(explain) it. But the young men looked at each other and nobody answ
31、ered him.He had to ask, “What happened? What made the atom 8._(appear) ? ”The classroom was very quiet and none of the students looked at him.“Who can tell 9._(we)where it has gone？”Suddenly a soft voice came from 10._back row, “We did not see anybody leave the lab！”【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。化学老师想尽办法让学生学好化学，但学生
32、并不能理解化学教师的意图，从而引发了一场笑话。1in考查介词。do well in“在某方面表现很好”，为固定搭配。2began考查时态。此处表示发生在过去的动作，故用一般过去时。 3so考查连词。空处前后句之间为因果关系，且为前因后果，故填so。4reaction考查词形转换。根据空前的a可知，此处应填名词reaction，意为“反应”。5careful考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作表语。6left考查非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，carbon atoms与leave之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用动词ed形式作后置定语。7explaining考查非谓语动词。go on doing sth.“继续做某事”，指继续做同一件事，故填explaining。8disappear考查词形转换。根据语境可知，此处表示“消失”，故填disappear。注意：make后应用省略to的不定式结构。9us考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用代词的宾格作tell的宾语。10the考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示特指，故填the。
