1、UNIT 9HUMAN BIOLOGYPeriod OneTopic Talk课前自主预习猜词意A创新；革新；改革 B生物学 C计算；核算；预测 D证明有道理；为辩护 E参加者；参与者1The participants in an activity are the people who take part in it.()2To justify a decision,action,or idea means to show or prove that it is reasonable or necessary.()3To innovate means to introduce changes
2、and new ideas in the way something is done or made.()【答案】1E2D3A4This is one of the most exciting developments in biology in recent years.()5 I believe I am capable of calculating the political consequences accurately.()【答案】4B5C猜单词拼写1capable adj.有能力的_n.能力；才能(参考：reliablereliability)2infer v.推断；推定_ n.推
3、断，推理；推断结果，结论(参考：insistinsistence)【答案】1capability2inference3physical adj.身体上的；物理的_adv.身体上地；肉体上地；实际上_n.物理学家 4innovate v.改革；创新；革新_n.创新，革新；新方法(参考：measuremeasurement)【答案】3physically;physicist4innovation预备话题素材1Anne was intelligent and _ passing her exams with ease.安妮很聪明，能够轻易地通过考试。2Mary was old enough to _
4、 by herself.玛丽年龄足够大，能够自己做出决定了。【答案】1capable of2make decisions3Although no one can _,we can always look at recent history as a guide.虽然没人能预测未来，但我们还是能以过去的经验作为指导。【答案】3predict the future4You have a little time to _,prepare technical expressions and so on.你有一些时间来做研究和准备术语表达等等。5_,shoppers who purchased clot
5、hing encountered the most problems.根据这项研究，衣服购买者们遇到的问题最多。【答案】4do research5According to the research课堂新知讲练1capability n.(完成困难事情的)能力，才能(P50)Capabilities of the Human Body【翻译】人类身体的能力 词汇拓讲【语言提升】capability to do sth./of doing sth.做某事的能力 Animals in the zoo have lost the capability to catch/of catching food
6、 for themselves.动物园的动物已经丧失了自己捕食的能力。capable adj.有能力的，能干的 be capable of doing sth.有能力做某事 The lecture hall is capable of holding two thousand people.这个报告厅能容纳两千人。incapable adj.无能力的【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)Her husband was such a fine,_(capability)man.(2)They have the capability _(destroy)the enemy in days rather t
7、han weeks.【答案】(1)capable(2)to destroy完成句子(3)He _ finishing the task on his own.他有能力独自完成这项工作。【答案】(3)is capable of2admire vt.钦佩；羡慕；欣赏；赞美(P109)I really admire people who use their minds for the betterment of mankind.【翻译】我真的很钦佩那些用自己的智慧来造福人类的人。【语言提升】admire sb.for sth.因某事钦佩/羡慕某人 The school is widely admir
8、ed for its excellent teaching.这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。admiration n.赞美；钦佩 admirable adj.令人钦佩的；令人羡慕的【归纳拓展】与admire sb.for sth.类似的搭配还有：thank sb.for sth.因某事感谢某人 praise sb.for sth.因某事表扬某人 blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)Im full of _(admire)for those who explore the unknown world.(2)As a matter of fact,what h
9、e has done is really _(admire).(3)We stood there for a few moments,_(admire)the view.【答案】(1)admiration(2)admirable(3)admiring完成句子(4)All those who know him will _ his work.所有认识他的人都会钦佩他的工作。【答案】(4)admire him for3cure n.治愈 vt.治愈；矫正(P109)For example,medical researchers conduct research to find cures for
10、diseases.【翻译】例如，医学研究人员通过研究来寻找疾病的治疗方法。【语言提升】a cure for 的治愈方法 This medicine is useful as a cure for colds.这种药可用来治感冒。cure sb.of sth.治愈某人病；使某人摆脱坏习惯 He finally cured himself of smoking.他终于摆脱掉了吸烟的坏习惯。incurable adj.不能治愈的【归纳拓展】动词sb.of sth.类似结构的还有：remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事 inform sb.of sth.告知某人某事 convi
11、nce sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)Hopefully,this medicine can cure him _ his high fever.(2)Cancer is no longer a(n)_(cure)disease nowadays,it can be remedied by using radioactivity.【答案】(1)of(2)incurable完成句子(3)Scientists around the world are working to discover _ AIDS.全世界的科学家都
12、在努力寻找治疗艾滋病的方法。【答案】(3)a cure for4react vi.反应；回应(P109)Youve been doing some research into how the human body reacts in extreme conditions.【翻译】你一直在研究人类身体在极端条件下的反应。【语言提升】react to 对反应/回应 How did he react to your suggestion?他对你的建议反应怎么样？react with 与发生反应 It shows us how iron reacts with air and water.它向我们展示
13、了铁如何与空气和水发生反应。reaction n.反应；回应 in reaction to 作为对的反应 A spokesman said the changes were not in reaction to the companys recent losses.一位发言人说，这些变动不是针对公司最近的损失而做出的反应。【归纳拓展】respond to 对反应/响应；回答 in response to 作为对的反应/回应【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)The decision caused an angry _(react)from local residents.(2)_ reaction
14、to the phenomenon,some people called for raising the air pollution tax.【答案】(1)reaction(2)In完成句子(3)The factory _ our complaints by improving the working conditions.工厂对我们的投诉的反应是改善了工作条件。【答案】(3)reacted/responded to5participant n.参加者，参与者(P109)When the participants started to feel tired,they stopped doing
15、 the exercises properly.【翻译】当参与者开始感到疲倦时，他们就会适当地停止锻炼。【语言提升】participate vi.参加，参与 participate in参加 They expected him to participate in the ceremony.他们希望他参加典礼。participation n.参加；参与【语境助记】Lots of participants have participated in this activity.Their participation made the activity more meaningful and inte
16、resting.许多参与者参加了这个活动。他们的参与使活动更有意义和有趣。【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)We won the game because of his _(participate).(2)40 of the course _(participant)are offered employment with the company.【答案】(1)participation(2)participants完成句子(3)Each child should _ extra-curricular activities at school.每个孩子都应该参加学校的课外活动。【答案】(3)part
17、icipate in(P51)Dr.Millhouse has been doing research into how the human body reacts in extreme conditions.【翻译】米尔豪斯博士一直在研究人体在极端条件下的反应。【句式剖析】本句中has been doing为现在完成进行时态。句式解读【归纳拓展】现在完成进行时态，其构成为：have/hasbeendoing。表示动作从过去的某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。Toms hands are very dirty.He has been repairing the
18、 car.汤姆的手很脏。他一直在修理汽车。I have been learning English since three years ago.三年以来我一直在学英语。【易混辨析】时态含义现在完成时(have/has done)强调的是某个刚刚完成的动作或某个动作对现在的影响或产生的结果现在完成进行时(have/has been doing)表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能延续下去，也可表示重复性动作，还可表示某种感情色彩I have been writing a letter.我一直在写一封信。(还在写)I have written a letter.我已经写了一封信。(已写完)【针对练习】
19、单句语法填空(1)Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School,where she _(learn)English for a year.【答案】(1)has been learning(2)Where is Peter?I cant find him anywhere.He went to the library after breakfast and _(write)his essay there ever since.(3)Excuse me,which movie are you w
20、aiting for?The new Star Wars.We _(wait)here for more than two hours.【答案】(2)has been writing(3)have been waiting随堂知能小练单词拼写1She has a degree in _(生物学).2 You should attempt to _(证 明 有 道 理)yourself.3 Youll need to _(计 算)how much time the assignment will take.【答案】1biology2justify3calculate4We are working
21、 for the _(改善)of society.5All the _(参与者)were required to sign in as they entered the hall to attend the meeting.6Much of the meaning must be _(推断)from the context.7Whoever passes here would stop to _(欣赏)the scenery.【答案】4betterment5participants6inferred7admire8Local residents have _(反应)angrily to the
22、 news.9 People experience differences in physical and mental _(能力)depending on the time of day.10We must constantly adapt and _(革新)to ensure success in a growing market.【答案】8reacted9capability10innovate单句语法填空1There is no cure _ the disease,although drugs can slow down its rate of development.2I want
23、 to invite you to participate _ the English speaking competition.【答案】1for2in3Anne was intelligent and capable _ passing her exams with ease.4Peoples _(react)to the film has varied greatly.5He jumped into the river and saved a child.I admire him _ his courage.【答案】3of4reaction5for完成句子1_ 11 oclock _ he
24、 came home from work.直到11点钟他才下班回家。【答案】1It was not until;that2_ bringing up the secret of nature,the young scientist has little time for entertainment.这位年轻的科学家致力于揭示大自然的奥秘，很少有时间娱乐。3People who do not smoke have less potential of _(遭受)lung cancer than those who do so.【答案】2Devoted to3suffering from4He _ since he was nine years old.他从九岁起就一直在踢足球。5_ my classmates fluent spoken English,I was determined to be as good as they were.惊讶于我同学们的流利的英语口语，我下定决心要和他们一样优秀。【答案】4has been playing football5Amazed at
