1、组合练(三十一)阅读理解阅读七选五.阅读理解A(2021广东六校高三联考)How cool can libraries be in an era of iPods and Kindles? More than you think. Only if you know where to go.Central Library：Seattle，Washington，United StatesThe Central Library in Seattle is modern and fashionable and has tourists from around the world paying visi
2、ts and taking tours. It was designed by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas and American designer Joshua Ramus. Tours began in 2006, two years after its opening. The library holds various art exhibitions, book signings and other events, while visitors can stop by the Chocolate cart for a coffee and scan th
3、rough the gift shop anytime.Trinity College Library: Dublin, IrelandThe Trinity College Library in Dublin is in Ireland, founded at the end of the 16th century by Queen Elizabeth . It is the largest single library in the world, also known as the Long Room, which contains more than 200，000 of the lib
4、rarys oldest books. The Long Room houses one of the oldest harps (竖琴) in Ireland. Dating to the 15th century, the old harp is the model for the symbol foreland.Geisel Library, University of California: San Diego, United StatesAt first glance, it looks like a spaceship. Architect William Pereira, who
5、 helped design actual space launch facilities at Cape Canaveral in Houston, Texas, designed the library in 1970. It has been featured in scifi films, short stories and novels. The library hosts “Dinner in the Library”， which invites readers for cocktails, and also special speeches from distinguished
6、 authors.TU Delft Library: The NetherlandsThe library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997 and has more than 862，000 books, 16，000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum. The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you cant really see the actual library. What makes
7、it interesting is the roof, which is a grassy hill. The roof covers 5，500 square meters. And it has become one of the most striking and greenest structures in the area.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个设计独特的图书馆。1Which of the four libraries has the longest history?ACentral Library.BTrinity College Library.CGeise
8、l Library.DTU Delft Library.解析：细节理解题。根据Central Library：Seattle，Washington, United States部分第三句“Tours began in 2006, two years after its opening.”；Trinity College Library：Dublin，Ireland部分第一句中的“The Trinity College Library in Dublin is in Ireland, founded at the end of the 16th century.”；Geisel Library,
9、 University of California：San Diego，United States部分第二句中的“designed the library in 1970”和TU Delft Library：The Netherlands部分第一句中的“was constructed in 1997”可知，Trinity College图书馆在16世纪末建立，是四个图书馆中历史最悠久的。故选B。答案：B2What makes Geisel Library different from the others is that Aa spaceship designer founded the li
10、braryBit has a roof of grassy hillCfamous writers often deliver speeches thereDit is the largest single library in the world解析：细节理解题。根据全文内容尤其是关键句“The library hosts Dinner in the Library，which invites readers for cocktails，and also special speeches from distinguished authors.”可知，Geisel图书馆会邀请一些著名作家在馆内
11、演讲，其他三个图书馆都没有此类活动。故选C。答案：C3In Central Library, you can .Adrink cocktailsBbuy souvenirsCcreate paintings Dbook events解析：推理判断题。根据关键句“The library holds various art exhibitions，book signings and other events, while visitors can stop by the Chocolate cart for a coffee and scan through the gift shop anyti
12、me.”可推知，游客在Central图书馆可以购买一些纪念品。故选B。答案：BBMost people probably wondered who would voluntarily choose to live in a cooperative house with 14 other people. Well I would, and for me, its one of the best decisions Ive made for myself.The house has three floors and 15 bedrooms. It has communal spaces such
13、as the kitchen, bathrooms, living room, and a big old dining room table, where we talk, laugh, disagree, play games, learn from each other, and most importantly break bread together.My housemates and I share the housework and do the cook cycle, which generally means cooking dinner for the house abou
14、t once every two weeks and we attend weekly house meetings where we make decisions about the operations of the house together.What I worried most about at first was how my son might feel about the new housing situation. To my surprise, he loved it by the first visit to the house! He has never compla
15、ined about this house being smaller than his dads. One of my housemates has two children at his age, so he now has two new friends. This is important for me as a parent because I want to teach him that happiness doesnt come from the size of your home, but from the love that is inside.When I lived wi
16、th a roommate in college, we never discussed about any agreements on quiet hours, cleaning up the communal areas and so on. Every cause of conflict during that time was due to lack of communication. On the contrary, in our house we talk about and have policies on almost everything.Besides less cost
17、on housing, Im more concerned about the connection with other people that I was longing for. Cooperative living isnt for everyone, but with increasing costs of living and decreasing connection with other people, it can definitely be a great option for more people.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者选择群租房的生活方式，并且喜欢
18、这种生活方式，强调沟通和规则的重要性，呼吁更多的人选择这种生活方式。4What might the underlined phrase “break bread” in paragraph 2 mean?AHaving dinner. BCooking dinner.CEarning bread. DBaking bread.解析：词义猜测题。根据后文“My housemates and I share the housework and do the cook cycle, which generally means cooking dinner for the house about on
19、ce every two weeks”可知，作者经常和室友一起吃晚饭，故画线短语意思为“吃晚饭”。故选A。答案：A5How does the son feel about living in this house?AIts fun with new friends.BIts small and crowded.CIts annoying in discussions.DIts tiring to do cleaning.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“To my surprise, he loved it by the first visit to the house！”可知，令我惊讶的是，他
20、第一次参观这所房子就爱上了它！由此可知，儿子觉得和新朋友住在这个房子里很有趣。故选A。答案：A6Why does the author mention her college life?ATo convey the gratitude to her roommates.BTo express the regret at those wasted days.CTo show the importance of good relationships.DTo stress the necessity of communication and rules.解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Every
21、 cause of conflict during that time was due to lack of communication.”可推知，作者提到她的大学生活是为了强调沟通和规则的必要性。故选D。答案：D7What matters most for the authors choice of cooperative living?ACutting down on living cost.BLearning to be independent.CGetting connected with people.DOffering a home for her son.解析：细节理解题。根据最
22、后一段中“Besides less cost on housing, Im more concerned about the connection with other people that I was longing for.”可知，作者选择合作生活，最重要的是与人交流。故选C。答案：CC(2021潍坊模拟)An infectious disease is a disease that is caused by the invasion of a host by pathogens (病原体) whose activities harm the host tissues and can b
23、e spread to other individuals.Microorganisms (微生物) capable of causing disease are called pathogens. A true pathogen is an infectious agent that causes disease in any possible host. The terms “infection” and “disease” are quite different. In order to cause disease, pathogens must be able to enter the
24、 host body, stick to specific host cells, multiply and invade and do damage to host tissues.Pathogens may be spread through either direct or indirect contact. Direct contact occurs when an individual is infected by contact with the infection source. It also includes taking in the infectious droplets
25、 released by sneezing or coughing. Indirect contact occurs when a pathogen can survive in the environment outside its host for a long period of time. So lifeless objects that are polluted by direct contact with the infection source may be the indirect contact for easily infected groups.Public health
26、 measures typically involve killing the pathogen from its source or from its route of spread. Those measures include ensuring a safe water supply, effectively treating waste water, and initiating animal control and vaccination (疫苗) programs, etc. Personally, the first line of defense is to keep path
27、ogens at bay by following good personal hygiene (卫生) habits. Prevent infection before it begins and avoid spreading it to others with some easy measures, such as washing hands, getting vaccinated and so on.Man never stops fighting against all kinds of infectious diseases. But in the past two decades
28、 at least a dozen “new” diseases have been identified, and traditional diseases that appeared to be “on their way out” are reemerging. Globally, infectious diseases remain the leading cause of death. Clearly, the battle has not been won. Nevertheless, it is increasingly difficult for most of us to d
29、eny the claims of science. We are continually presented with great amounts of relevant scientific and medical knowledge, which encourages us to take more responsibility for our own health.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了传染病的概念、起因、传染过程以及人们可采取的防护措施。8What does paragraph 2 focus on?AOrigin of true pathogens.BNature o
30、f infectious diseases.CStrategies for avoiding tissue damage.DDifferences between infection and disease.解析：段落大意题。第二段主要讲病原体的概念以及它导致传染病的原理，即解释了传染病的本质，故B项最能概括本段大意。答案：B9What is likely to cause disease spread through indirect contact?AGetting bitten by an infected dog.BPlaying with toys a sick child play
31、ed with.CBreathing in tiny drops from sneezing.DShaking hands with an infected person.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Indirect contact occurs when a pathogen can survive in the environment outside its host for a long period of time. So lifeless objects that are polluted by direct contact with the infection source
32、may be the indirect contact for easily infected groups.”可知，当病原体可以在宿主之外的环境中长期生存时，就会发生间接接触。因此，对易感染群体而言，因直接接触感染源而被污染的无生命物体可能会造成间接接触(传播)。由此可推知，间接接触传播指间接接触了被污染的物品所造成的传播，只有B项符合间接接触传播的特征。答案：B10Which of the following can best explain the underlined phrase “at bay” in paragraph 4?AAt risk. BOff course.CUnder
33、 control. DWithin reach.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句及下文中的“Prevent infection before it begins and avoid spreading it. and so on.”可推断，此处表示第一道防线是通过遵循良好的个人卫生习惯来控制病原体，阻止病原体的传播。故C项Under control“处于控制之下”能解释画线短语的意义。答案：C11What does the last paragraph imply?AMan is at a loss about infectious diseases.BTraditional infect
34、ious diseases are dying out.CScience counts in defeating infectious diseases.DThe battle against infectious diseases is in vain.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“it is increasingly difficult for most of us to deny the claims of science. our own health”可知，科学在战胜传染病方面很重要。答案：CD(2021闽粤赣三省十二校联考)When you dont have a car a
35、nd need to get around，are you more likely to call for an Uber or a Lyft，or a cab? Last Friday, Lyft, the ridesharing company, went public as its stocks (股票) started trading on the market. Lyft has become the first to make a big initial public offering of the “gig economy” age. While the company is n
36、ot making profits yet, it is changing the meaning of work. What is gig economy and what makes it so appealing?Gig work is similar to parttime jobs. In the gig economy, companies hire independent contractors instead of fulltime employees. This is different from traditional companies where fulltime wo
37、rkers have a lifetime career. In the past, only small companies hired contractors, while today, employers like Amazon rely on the temporary workforce. These companies save costs as they are not legally required to provide healthcare benefits, retirement savings or paid time off to gig workers.Gig wo
38、rk appeals to different people for different reasons. For some, it affords flexible timings and for others who are looking for fulltime jobs，it provides a source of income to support themselves. Some people work a fulltime job and supplement their salary with gig jobs such as driving for Uber or Lyf
39、t.Joining the gig economy may be simple, but maintaining a steady career is easier said than done. Gig work comes with unsteady pay and workloads. Youre your own boss. It sounds fun, but when you have no selfcontrol and an unsteady job，you might splurge all your money the first week and live on brea
40、d pieces for the rest of the month! Besides a strong sense of responsibility, gig workers have to stay up to date to get companies to hire them.Despite the challenges gig workers face，nearly 60 million Americans are part of this workforce. As this number grows, we have to see how society and compani
41、es adapt to this new world of work!语篇解读本文介绍了一种新型职业经济模式零工经济。由于其灵活性，吸引了不同的人群，但该经济模式也面临着很多挑战。12What can be learnt about Lyft from the passage?AIt has made a large fortune.BIt marks the arrival of the gig economy age.CIt employs a fixed number of fulltime drivers.DIt appeals to people as a means of publ
42、ic transport.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Lyft has become the first to make a big initial public offering of the gig economy age.”可知，Lyft已经成为“零工经济”时代的第一个大型的首次公开募股的公司，从而可推知Lyft标志着“零工经济”时代的到来。由第一段中的“the company is not making profits yet”可知A项错误；C项和D项文中未提及。答案：B13Who are most likely to become gig workers?APeople see
43、king for a steady income.BThose desperate to get paid vacations.CPeople in need of flexible working hours.DThose concerned about retirement accounts.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For some，it affords flexible timings and for others who are looking for fulltime jobs，it provides a source of income to support themse
44、lves.”可知，对一些人来说，它提供了灵活的时间安排，对那些正在寻找全职工作的人来说，它提供了一个收入来源来养活自己，由此可推知，需要弹性工作时间的人最有可能成为零工工作者。由第四段中的“Gig work comes with unsteady pay.”可知A项错误；由第二段中的“These companies save costs as they are not legally required to provide healthcare benefits，retirement savings or paid time off to gig workers.”可知，这些公司节省了成本，因
45、为他们不需要向临时工提供医疗福利，退休储蓄或带薪休假；由此可知，B、D两项错误。答案：C14What does the underlined word “splurge” in paragraph 4 mean?ASpend money randomly.BDeposit money automatically.CEarn money quickly.DAllocate money freely.解析：词义猜测题。结合画线词后的“and live on bread pieces for the rest of the month”可推测，“splurge all your money”意为“挥
46、霍完你所有的钱”。A项“随意花钱”，B项“自动存款”，C项“快速赚钱”，D项“自由分配钱”。A项切题。答案：A15What is the message mainly conveyed in the passage?AGig workers have to face some potential challenges.BGig workers have to possess some muchneeded qualities.CThe appearance of gig companies will solve the job problems.DPeople should adjust to
47、 new work trends with the rise of gig companies.解析：主旨大意题。结合最后一段中的“As this number grows，we have to see how society and companies adapt to this new world of work！”可知，随着这个数字的增长，我们必须看到社会和公司如何适应这个新的工作世界；再结合全文讲述“零工经济”的兴起可推知，随着“零工经济”公司的兴起，人们应该适应新的工作趋势。答案：D.阅读七选五(2021泰安高考模拟)How to live a happy life? The fol
48、lowing suggestions may be of great help to you.Keep positive. 16 Optimists have a 35% less chance of having a heart attack or stroke, are more likely to eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly, have stronger immune systems and even live longer. If you face a challenge or obstacle, youre more likel
49、y to see it as a temporary or even optimistic thing, allowing you to learn and grow.Start volunteering. 17 It can reduce the risk of cognitive (认知的) disorder. It can even help us live longer. Even if you have little time to offer, just the act of giving has been shown to improve your health, possibl
50、y by temporarily reducing your sense of pain.Be grateful. Counting our blessings protects us against anxiety and depression and boosts optimism. One of the best ways to make thankfulness a part of your life is to keep a journal. 18 Keeping gratitude and recording your good deeds may help you live ha
51、ppily. 19 People who are more socially connected with family, friends and the community are happier. Theyre physically healthier, and they live longer than people who are less connected. Highconflict marriages, without much affection, turn out to be very bad for health, perhaps worse than getting di
52、vorced. 20 AEat healthily and happily.BStrengthen social connections.CLooking on the bright side of life is really good for you.DInstead, living in good relationships is beneficial to health.EYou can set down some positive experiences in your diary.FYoull have no time to volunteer and give thanks in
53、 your life.GStudies show volunteering can reduce stress and depression.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何过上幸福的生活。16解析：根据本段的主题句“Keep positive.”及空后的“Optimists have a 35% less chance of having a heart attack or stroke.and even live longer.”“allowing you to learn and grow”可知，本段主要讲的是要保持乐观，空后内容说明了保持乐观的好处，故C项符合语境。答案：C
54、17解析：根据本段的主题句“Start volunteering.”可知，本段主要讲的是要开始志愿服务，再结合“It can reduce the risk of cognitive disorder.It can even help us live longer.”等内容可知，空处所填内容应与“志愿服务及其益处”有关，故G项符合语境。答案：G18解析：根据空前的“One of the best ways to make thankfulness a part of your life is to keep a journal.”可知，让感恩成为生活的一部分的最佳方式之一是写日记，因此，空处内
55、容应关于写日记。再结合空后的“Keeping gratitude and recording your good deeds may help you live happily.”可知，所记录的内容应是感恩之事、善行等积极的体验，故E项符合语境。答案：E19解析：根据空后的内容，尤其是“People who are more socially connected with family，friends and the community are happier.”可知，此处主要强调了社会关系的重要性，故B项符合语境。答案：B20解析：根据空前的“Theyre physically healthier, and they live longer. Highconflict marriages，without much affection，turn out to be very bad for health.”可知，有良好的社会关系的人更健康，活得更久，高冲突的婚姻有害健康，因此空处内容应陈述另一种情况，即良好的社会关系有益健康，故D项符合语境。答案：D
