1、新知识预习探索基础练习.重点单词1voyage n航海，航行2base n基础 vt.以为依据3identity n身份4native adj.本国的，本土的5vocabulary n词汇，词汇量6latter adj.后来的，较后的7frequent adj.频繁的frequently adv.频繁地，常常8gradual adj.逐渐的gradually adv.逐渐地9actual adj.实际的actually adv.实际上10fluent adj.流利的fluently adv.流利地，流畅地.重点短语1more than one 不止一个2be different from.与不
2、同3in/on a team 在队里4at the end of.在的尽头；在的最后阶段；在快要结束时5because of 因为；由于6come up 走近；上来；提出7be based on 建立在之上，以为基础8at present 现在；目前9make use of 利用；使用10such as 例如；像这种的.重点句型1Which country do_you_think has the most English learners?你认为哪个国家拥有最多的说英语的人？信息提取 do you think 作插入语。仿写 你认为谁是目前最红的歌手？Who do_you_think is
3、the hottest singer at present?2At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.起初大约在公元 450 年和公元 1150 年间英国人所说的英语与人们现在所说的英语很不一样。信息提取“spoken.”此处为过去分词短语，充当后置定语，相当于定语从句“which was/is spoken.”。仿写 你读过郭敬明写的小说吗？Have you read the novel writt
4、en_by Guo Jingming?3This_is_because in the early days of radio,those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。信息提取 This is/was because.这是因为，用来解释某事的原因。仿写 被问起时，他说喜欢乘汽车旅行。这是因为它更安全。When asked,he said he liked travelling by bus,which_was_because it
5、 was safer.4Today the number of people learning_English in China is increasing rapidly.如今，在中国学英语的人数正在剧增。信息提取 learning English.为现在分词短语作 people的后置定语，可变为定语从句 who are learning English.仿写 正走上前来的女孩是我姐姐。The girl coming_up is my sister.语篇领悟.Read the passage and choose the best answers.1Why did the people in
6、 many other countries besides England begin to speak English in the 17th century?ABecause they wanted to trade with English people.BBecause people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world.CBecause they found English easier to speak.DBecause they wanted to conquer England.2Englis
7、h has/had the most speakers _.Aat the present timeBwhen the British ruled most of the worldCin the time of ShakespeareDin the 12th century3What will happen to the native English speakers if they speak different kinds of English?AThey can understand each other.BThey cant understand each other at all.
8、CThey may not be able to understand everything.DThey need an explanation.4Who gave a separate identity to American English spelling?AShakespeare.BSamuel Johnson.CNoah Webster.DBritish settlers.5From the last paragraph we know that _ has the largest number of English learners in the world.AAustralia
9、BChinaCIndia DBritain答案：1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.B.Fill in the blanks according to the text.All languages change when cultures communicate _1_ one another.The English spoken between AD 450 and 1150 was quite different from that spoken today.Actually,it was based more on German _2_ the English we speak at p
10、resent.Later,it became more like French.One big change in English usage happened when the American Dictionary of the English Language,_3_ gave American English its own identity,came _4_.Now India has a very large number of English speakers.This is because English became the language for government a
11、nd education during 1765 to 1947,_5_ Britain ruled India.English is also _6_(speak)in many other countries in Africa and Asia,such _7_ South Africa,Singapore and Malaysia.The number of people learning English in China is also _8_(increase)rapidly.Today we hear people _9_(speak)English on TV and the
12、radio.There is no such thing as standard English.When people from all over the world use words and expressions different from“standard English”，it is called a dialect.Geography also plays an important part in creating dialects.Although there are many differences,people have little _10_(difficult)in
13、understanding each other.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._5_ 6._ 7._ 8._9_ 10._答案：1.with 2.than 3.which 4.out 5.when 6spoken 7.as 8.increasing 9.speak 10.difficulty新课堂互动探究重点单词1.voyage n航行；航海 He made an around-the-world voyage last year.去年他进行了一次环球航海旅行。【词语比较】voyage,journey,travel,tour,tripvoyage指“乘船作水上和海上旅行”，也可指“空中旅行”jo
14、urney 指“长距离的陆路旅行”，特指“旅途”本身travel泛指“各地旅行”，表示旅行的路途远，时间长。指具体的旅行时常用复数，单数一般指“旅行”的抽象概念，其前不加冠词tour指“以游览、观察、购物等为目的的旅行”，常含有“最后回到原出发点”的意思。也可指“巡视”“巡回比赛”或“演出”trip指“短途短期旅行”，通常为往返旅行。在口语中可与journey 互换【即境活用】选词填空(voyage/travel/trip/tour/journey)(1)He is going to make a long train _ to Europe because he always gets se
15、asick when making a long sea _.(2)Having read the _ of Marco Polo,a most interesting book,John decided to make a round-the-world _.(3)They are planning to have a weekend _ to Hangzhou.答案：(1)journey;voyage(2)Travels;tour(3)trip2.native(1)adj.本国的；本地的They are native people.他们是本地人。(2)adj.(某地)特有的；原产的be n
16、ative to(动、植物)是地方特有的The giant panda is native to China.大熊猫原产于中国。(3)n.本国人；本地人；原产动、植物The cherry tree is a true native of Japan.樱花确实是日本的花木。【特别提醒】native 作形容词用作表语时，常与介词 to 连用，作名词时则常与 of 连用。【即境活用】单句改错Cherry trees are native from Japan._答案：fromto3.actually adv.实际上；事实上，真实地Actually,he never loves her from th
17、e bottom of his heart.事实上，他从来没有从心里喜欢过她。He may look young but hes actually 45.他可能看起来很年轻，但实际上已经 45 岁了。【归纳拓展】actual adj.真实的；实际的in factas a matter of factin realityactually实际上；事实上【即境活用】完成句子(1)客人们的确现在就来吗？Are the guests _ _ now?(2)他说他去过欧洲，但实际上他去过非洲。He said he had been to Europe but _ he had been to Africa
18、.答案：(1)actually;coming(2)actually4.base(1)vt.以为基础You should base your conclusion on facts.你应该使你的结论以事实为根据。The TV play is based on a true story.这部电视剧是以真实的故事为基础的。(2)n.基地，基部，基础At the base of the mountain we built a new house.我们在山脚下建了一所新房子。【归纳拓展】be based on/upon以为根据base.on/upon.以某事物作为另一事物的根据at the base o
19、f在的脚底；在的基点【即境活用】用动词的适当形式填空The film Let the Bullets Fly(让子弹飞)_(base)on a novel is well worth _(see)答案：based;seeing5.gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地Gradually,the children began to understand it.孩子们渐渐开始明白这件事了。They gradually improved their work.他们逐渐地改善了工作。【归纳拓展】gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的Recovery from the disease is very
20、 gradual.这种病的康复过程很缓慢。6.latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的nthe 后者Of maths and English,I prefer the latter(one)对于数学和英语，我更喜欢后者。Jane and Mary are good friends.The former is a teacher,the latter is a nurse.简和玛丽是好朋友。前者是位老师，后者是位护士。【归纳拓展】the former.,the latter.前者，后者【词语比较】latter,late,latest,latelylatteradj.&n表示“(两者
21、中)后者(的)”。lateadj.&adv.表示“迟的(地)；晚的(地)”。latestadj.表示“最新的；最近的”。latelyadv.表示“最近；近来”，相当于 recently。Have you heard the latest news?你得到最新消息了吗？What have you been doing lately?你最近在干什么？【即境活用】完成句子Of the two books,I prefer _(前者)to _(后者)答案：the former;the latter重点短语1.because of 因为；由于He failed his examination becau
22、se of his carelessness.由于粗心大意，他考试没及格。【词语比较】because,because ofbecause为连词，后接句子。because of为介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词。译他今天缺席，因为他病了。(a)He is absent today because of his illness.(b)He is absent today because he is ill.【归纳拓展】on account of由于/due to由于to为介词as a result of.由于原因thanks to由于；多亏to为介词【即境活用】完成句子(1)Im very ang
23、ry _ what you did.因为你所做的我很生气。(2)We were late _ it rained.因为下雨，我们迟到了。答案：(1)because of(2)because 2.even if 即使；纵然；虽然We have decided to visit the museum even if it rains tomorrow.我们已经决定明天即使下雨也要去参观博物馆。Controlling water-pollution is necessary even if it will be expensive.控制水污染是必要的，即便会很昂贵。【即境活用】语法填空The eng
24、ineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,_ they have the interest.解析：句意：工程师们如此忙以至于没有时间进行体育活动，即使他们有兴趣。even if“即使”。答案：even e up 上来；被提到，被提出；发芽；走近，走向前来Please come up to the second floor.请到二楼上来。The seeds I sowed last week have come up already.我上周种的种子已经发芽了。An very importan
25、t problem came up at the meeting yesterday.昨天在会上提出了一个很重要的问题。A stranger came up to me asking about direction.一个陌生人走近我问方向。【特别提醒】come upidea,opinion,suggestion 等做主语，其后 come up 用主动形式，意思是：被提出come upwith在 with 后加 idea,opinion,suggestion,solution等，意思是：提出put/bringforward及物动词，其后加宾语，提出提到，提出raise及物动词，其后加宾语，提出【
26、即境活用】单句改错As the project was came up at the meeting,it drew our attention._答案：去掉 was4.at present 现在，目前At present they are living in the country.目前他们正住在乡下。【归纳拓展】present n礼物adj.现在的，出席的，当面的vt.赠送；介绍；呈递；给present sth.to sb.present sb.with sth.把某物赠给某人be present at 出席be absent from 缺席Many officials were pres
27、ent at the opening ceremony.很多官员出席了开幕式。The children presented flowers to the guests.The children presented the guests with flowers.孩子们给客人们献花。All the people present were moved by his story.所有在场的人都被他的故事打动了。【特别提醒】present前置定语 现在的；当前的后置定语 出席的；到场的【即境活用】单句改错There are two thousand people attending the meeti
28、ng at the present._答案：去掉第二个 the 或在 present 后加 time5.make use of 利用；使用We should make full use of the Internet.我们应充分利用网络。We should make use of every chance to practise speaking English.我们应该利用每一次机会来练习说英语。How did you make use of your spare time?你是怎么利用你的业余时间的？【归纳拓展】make good/full use of好好/充分利用make the be
29、st use of充分利用不利条件make the most of充分/尽量利用有利条件make little use of几乎不利用；不充分利用make no use of没有利用【即境活用】(1)语法填空Good use that the villagers have been _(make)of the water resource has brought them a large income.(2)完成句子The use we _ coal is not full.我们对煤的利用不充分。(3)词组填空She wondered what use she would _ this opp
30、ortunity.Ten minutes has been made full _ of _(study)the problem.解析：(1)句意：村民们一直合理利用水资源，这给他们带来了很高的收入。在定语从句中考查 make good use of“好好利用”，此处为其现在完成进行时。(2)make use of 这一短语和定语从句结合起来考查时，把 use当作先行词，从句中引导词 that 或 which 作宾语，省略掉了。(3)考查“make use of sth.”结构。此句中的短语 make full use of 使用了被动形式，后接不定式作目的状语。“充分利用十分钟的时间来研究这
31、个问题。”答案：(1)making(2)make of(3)make of use;to study6.a number of 许多的；大量的Quite a number of young people believe that money is a passport to happiness.相当一部分年轻人认为金钱是获得幸福的通行证。【词语比较】a number of,the number ofa number of等同于 many，意为“许多的”，修饰可数名词复数形式，当其所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。the number of 意为“的数目”，后接可数名词复数形式，作主语时，谓
32、语动词用单数。A number of teachers are present today;the number of them is 300.许多教师今天都出席了，有 300 人。【即境活用】(1)词组填空There are _ students in the school.But I dont know _ the girls among them.(2)用正确的谓语动词形式填空The number of books missing from the library _ large.There _ a number of people out this afternoon.答案：(1)a
33、number of;the number of(2)is were7.such as 例如，像这种的I like drinks such as tea and coffee.我喜欢喝诸如茶和咖啡之类的饮料。English is also spoken in many other countries,such as South Africa,Singapore and Malaysia.在许多其他的国家，比如南非、新加坡、马来西亚等国，人们也说英语。【归纳拓展】such.as.像这样的sweet foods such as chocolatesuch sweet foods as chocola
34、te 像巧克力这样的甜食【词语比较】such as,for examplesuch as用来列举事物，置于所列举事物与前面名词之间，其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举之物，但数量总数不能等同于前面所提事物的总数for example用来举例说明前面说过的话或提出的观点，一般列举同类人或事物中的一个，位置灵活，可位于句首、句中和句末，往往用逗号隔开【即境活用】用 such as,for example 填空(1)They planted flowers _ roses in the garden.(2)Many countries,_，Mexico and Chile,have a lot of ear
35、thquakes.答案：(1)such as(2)for example经典句型1.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。more.than.与其说倒不如说He is more lucky than clever.与其说他聪明，倒不如说他幸运。I was more angry than worried when they didnt come home.他们没有回家，与其说我担心倒不如说我生气。【归纳拓展】1more than数词，“超过，多于”，
36、相当于over。People more than 18 years of age have the right to vote in China.在中国，年满18岁的公民有选举权。2more than名词，“不只是，不仅仅”。Modern science is more than much information.现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。3more than形容词/副词，“非常，很”。They were more than glad to help.他们非常愿意帮忙。4more thanthat从句，“远非，简直不”。That is more than I can understand.那
37、事我实在不明白。【即境活用】完成句子(1)To us,Mr.Li is _(不仅仅)a teacher.He is also a friend.(2)Im _(非常高兴)to take you there in my car.(3)Do you need any help,Lucy?Yes.The job is _(远非)I could do myself.解析：(1)more than名词，“不止，不仅仅”。(2)more than修饰形容词 happy，表示“非常开心”。(3)more than从句，表示“远非”。答句句意：这工作远非我自己能做的。答案：(1)more than(2)mor
38、e than happy(3)more than2.At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.起初大约在公元 450 年和公元 1150 年间，英国人所说的英语与人们现在所说的英语很不一样。Yesterday he received a package sent by his parents.昨天他收到他父母寄来的包裹。【即境活用】用所给单词的正确形式填空(1)A great number of stu
39、dents _(question)said they were forced to practise the piano.(2)Mrs.White showed her students some old maps _(borrow)from the library.解析：(1)过去分词作后置定语，表“被询问的”，修饰students。(2)borrowed 为过去分词，此处表被动和完成，作 maps 的后置定语。答案：(1)questioned(2)borrowed新思维随堂自测.根据提示写出单词的正确形式1An _(office)of the local government called
40、 to see him.2What is your _(nation)language?3What did he _(actual)say?4There has been a _(逐渐的)increase in the number of people owning cars.5How can I widen my _(词汇量)?6He is certainly improving in his _(spell)7The police asked him to show his _(身份)card.8He speaks _(流利的)German.9I prefer the former des
41、ign to the _(后者)10He comes to visit me _(frequent)答案：1.official 2.native 3.actually 4.gradual 5vocabulary 6.spelling 7.identity 8.fluent 9latter 10.frequently.选词填空 1The beauty of Guilin is _ I can describe.2He walked slowly _ his bad leg.3 Because of the flood,_ homeless people has increased rapidly
42、.4If you want to do this job well,you must _ speak English well.5This novel _ the family history of the writer.6While we were talking,a man _.7_ a great deal of research is being carried out to find a cure of AIDS.8They tried their best to _ the chance that their school offered to study hard.答案：1.mo
43、re than 2.because of 3.the number of 4be able to 5.is based on 6.came up 7.At present8make use of.翻译句子1我们班不止一人喜欢英文歌曲。(more than one)_2她的新书什么时候出版？(come out)_3对不起，她现在不在这儿。(at present)_4我可以说很流利的英语。(fluently)_5在美国学习汉语的人数正在迅速增加。(the number of；分词作定语)_ 答案：1More than one student likes English songs in our class.2When will her new book come out?3Sorry,she is not here at present.4I can speak English very fluently.5The number of people learning Chinese is rapidly increasing in America.
