1、This is the VOA Special English Education Report.这里是美国之音慢速英语教育报道。Congress is studying how to change immigration policies in an effort to get more foreign students to stay and work in the United States. Many foreign students come to the United States to earn advanced degrees in science, technology, e
2、ngineering and math. But many are unable to get a visa to live and work here after they graduate.美国国会正在讨论如何整顿国家移民体系，试图让那些在美国获得高等学位的外国人留在美国工作，来帮助美国保持在全球的竞争力。许多外国大学生源源不断地涌入美国大学，攻读科学、技术、工程以及数学的硕士和博士学位，但是很多人在毕业之后无法拿到在美国工作和生活的签证。In two thousand nine, foreign students earned up to two-thirds of the physic
3、s and engineering doctorates awarded by American colleges and universities.2009年，在美国高等院校颁发的所有物理学和工程学博士学位中，三分之二是由外国学生获得的。Xiao Qin from Beijing is studying for a PhD in computer science at Georgetown University in Washington. He would like to work for Google, Yahoo or Microsoft.来自北京的秦晓正在乔治城大学攻读计算机科学博士
4、学位。他很想为谷歌、雅虎或者微软这类公司工作。XIAO QIN: Obviously, we prefer to stay here for several years, but if we cannot get any valid visa we have to leave.秦晓说：“很显然，我们愿意留在美国几年，但是如果我们不能拿到任何有效的签证，那我们就不得不离开。”So far no agreement has been reached on how to stop this so-called reverse brain drain. The loss of highly skill
5、ed workers usually involves developing countries losing them to wealthier ones.目前，尚无解决这种所谓逆向人才流失的办法，高科技人员的流失通常包括发展中国人才向富裕国家流失。 Critics say immigration policies in the United States are too restrictive. One of those critics is Representative Zoe Lofgren, a Democrat who represents parts of Silicon Val
6、ley in California. She spoke at a recent congressional hearing on the issue.批评家称美国的移民政策过于严格，民主党议员Zoe Lofgren就是一位代表加州硅谷的批评家，她在最近的国会听证会上就此事发表意见。ZOE LOFGREN: While we once asked the brightest minds in the world to come and make their homes here, we now turn them away. Having educated and trained the wo
7、rlds best students in our universities, we no longer welcome them to enrich this nation.Zoe Lofgren：“我们曾经邀请世界上那些最优秀的人才来美国并在这里安家，可是现在我们却将他们拒之门外。我们的大学教育训练了世界上最优秀的学生，然而却不再欢迎他们对这个国家作贡献。”High-tech companies look for workers at the nations top universities. Some companies, including Texas Instruments, say
8、 it can take ten years for their foreign workers to become permanent residents. Darla Whitaker is a senior vice president at Texas Instruments.美国高科技公司每年都在全国的一流大学招聘新人。但是其中一些公司，比如德州仪器公司，表示，他们的外国员工要等至少10年，才能成为美国的永久居民。Darla Whitaker是德州仪器公司的高级副总裁。DARLA WHITAKER: This is not sustainable. It hurts our comp
9、any and our industry and it places burdens and stresses on our employees.Darla Whitaker：“不能这样下去了。这不仅伤害到了我们的公司和产业，还给我们的员工造成负担和压力。”The United States limits the number of immigrants from other countries on a country-by-country basis. Students from countries with large populations generally have to wait
10、 the longest for a green card, or proof of permanent residency. A group called the National Foundation for American Policy says a highly skilled Indian worker could have to wait up to seventy years.美国政府对不同国家有不同的移民人数限制，来自大国的学生，为拿到“绿卡”或永久居住证明等待的时间往往比较长。美国国家政策基金会的最新研究结果显示，一个高技能的印度人可能要等70年才能获得永久居留权。Vive
11、k Wadhwa studies immigrants who start their own companies. He says the United States needs to change its immigration policies.Vivek Wadhwa研究了自己开办公司的移民，他说，美国必须改变移民政策。VIVEK WADHWA: Were out of touch. We are in a knowledge economy. It is all about competition. If we dont keep these people, if we dont c
12、ompete, were going to lose. Were going to become a third world country and theyre going to become like us.Vivek Wadhwa：“我们脱节了。我们已经进入知识经济时期，一切都要竞争。如果我们不留住这些人才，如果我们不竞争，那么我们就会失败。我们很有可能变成第三世界国家，而第三世界国家会变成我们。”And thats the VOA Special English Education Report. You can watch a video on this subject at . And you can share your own experiences with studying or working in the United States. You can also find transcripts and MP3s of our programs and now PDFs for e-readers. Im Christopher Cruise.这里是美国之音慢速英语教育报道，你可登陆观看本话题的有关视频，你也可以跟我们分享你在美国的学习或工作经历，我们的网站上还有节目的音频和PDF文件，我是Christopher Cruise。
