1、教学知识细解码UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD1refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫求助于_n指称关系；参考2_ vt.以为据点；以为基础 n.底部；根据based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以为重要部分(或特征)的3vary vt.&vi.使多样化；变化_ n(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化various adj.不同的；各种各样的referencebasevariety4globe n球体；地球仪；地球_ adj.全球的；全世界的5_ vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值appreciation n欣赏；感激；感谢6_ n同等的人；
2、相等物 adj.相同的；同样的equally adv.相同地；同样地equality n平等7describe vt.&vi.描述；描写_ n描写(文字)；形容global appreciate equal description 1major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究Li Ming wants to major in physics at college._Environment protection is a major event._He is a major in French at Stanford._主修重要的主修学生2charact
3、er n文字；符号；角色；品质；特点An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a persons character;however,they are not always permanent._By opening a novel,I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character._The whole character of the village has
4、changed since the last time I was here._Last night，I had an interesting dream.In the dream I accidentally got a magic pen with which I could write beautiful Chinese characters._性格角色特点文字3specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的 n细节；详情Is this game meant for a specific age group？_He gave us very specific instruction._
5、I cant go into specifics，but I can tell you that we have an agreement._特定的明确的细节Words and Phrases知识要点 1 nativeadj出生地的；本地的；土著的n本地人(教 材 P60)How many billion people speak the UNs official languages as their native or second language?有多少亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言？例 1 As a matter of fact，French is not my nat
6、ive language.事实上，法语不是我的母语。例 2 Is her uncle a native of Shanghai，or just a visitor?她叔叔是上海本地人，还是只是一名游客？知识拓展(1)sb.s native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语be native to 原产于(2)be a native of.的人；生长于的动物或植物即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子During their visit to that country，they communicated with _(native)there happily.The r
7、esearcher says the tiger is native _ India.You can tell from his blue eyes that he _ China.你可以从他的蓝眼睛看出他不是中国本地人。小片段填空French is not my _ tongue.Im a _ of this place.(native)natives to isnt a native of native native 知识要点 2 refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅(教材 P60)Pronouns refer to something or somebody mentioned e
8、arlier.代词指的是前面提到的某件事或某个人。例 1 You can refer to my notes if you review what you have studied.你如果复习你所学功课的话，可以参考我的笔记。例 2 The regulations refer only to children.这些规定只适用于儿童。知识拓展(1)refer to.as.把称作(2)reference n.言及；提及；参考；查阅即学即练写出下列句中黑体部分的含义No one referred to the matter again._When I said some people were st
9、upid I wasnt referring to you._The new law does not refer to land used for farming._提及指的是有关；适用于If you dont know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary._People refer to Wuyuan as one of the most beautiful village in China._查阅把称作是知识要点 3 base vt以为据点；以为基础n底部；根据(教材 P62)At the begin
10、ning，written Chinese was a picture-basedlanguage.起初，书写汉语是一种基于图画的语言。例 1 Please do remember that success is based on hard work.请一定要记住，成功基于艰苦的努力。例 2 He used the house as a base for his printing business.他把房子用作印刷业的基地。知识拓展(1)base.on/upon 把建立在的基础上be based on/upon 以为基础/依据(2)basis n.基础，主要成分(3)basic adj.基本的；
11、基础的(4)based adj.以为基础的，以为重要部分的即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译We always base our idea _ facts.The suggestion was made on the _(base)of second-hand information.The right to work is a _(base)right of the citizens.on/upon basis basic 这家餐厅以信任为基础，运转良好。aThe restaurant _,and it is working all right.b_,the restaurant is work
12、ing all right.小片段填空_ on the different technologies，tea is divided into three _types.(base)is based on trust Based on trust Based basic 知识要点 4 date back(to.)追溯到(教材 P62)It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu.它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期例 1 As far as I know，the old town dates from/back to the e
13、arly Tang Dynasty.据我所知，这个古老的城镇可追溯到初唐时期。例 2 There is a wooden tower dating back to the Qing Dynasty in the village.村子里有一座清朝的木塔。知识拓展(1)date back todate from 追溯到(2)out of date 过时的，陈旧的(3)up to date 最新的，最近的名师点津(1)date from 与 date back to 都用主动语态，不用被动语态和进行时态，但可用动词-ing 形式作定语、补语、状语等。(2)谈论现存的物品或建筑物时，虽然这一事物建造于
14、过去某一时期，但 date from 和 date back to 却用一般现在时。即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译Our friendship _(date)back to 1960.A lot of new words go _ of date very quickly.I am very _ to date on this sort of thing because I listen to the news.dates out up 追溯到唐朝的古老建筑保存得很好。aThe old building _ the Tang Dynasty is in good condition.b.The
15、 old building which _ the Tang Dynasty is in good condition.dating from/back to dates from/back to 知识要点 5 variety n(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化(教材 P62)Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and cha
16、racters.随着时间的推移，书写体系发展成不同的形式，因为那时人们居住在不同的地理区域，导致了多种方言和文字的形成。例 1 In my free time，Id like to take exercise，such as swimming，running and a variety of ball games.在业余时间，我喜欢锻炼，例如：游泳、跑步和各种各样的球类运动。例 2 Susans idea of freedom was to have variety in her life style.苏珊心目中的自由就是拥有多样的生活。知识拓展(1)a variety ofvarieties
17、 of 多种多样的(2)various adj.不同的；各种各样的for various reasons 由于种种原因(3)vary vt.&vi.使多样化；变化vary from.to.从到不等；在到之间变动即学即练单句语法填空The author gave _(vary)resons for having written the book.We have _(variety)of flowers in our garden.Teaching methods vary greatly _ school to school.various varieties from 小片段填空A wide
18、_ of activities have been offered to _ students after class in the last three months.These activities _ from playing table tennis to playing chess.(vary)variety various vary 知识要点 6 means n方式；方法；途径(教材 P62)Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its
19、 past.书写汉语也成为联系中国现在与过去的一种重要形式。例 1 There is no doubt that WeChat is an important means of communication.毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。例 2 Students build up their vocabularies by means of reading.学生通过阅读的方法增加词汇量。知识拓展(1)a means of communication一种通讯/交流工具(2)by this means 通过这种方法by means of 用办法；借助by no means 决不，一点也不(位于
20、句首时，句子用部分倒装)即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Every possible means _(try)，but none has worked.All possible means _(try)，but none has worked.The firefighters put out the big fire _(借助)this scientific method._(绝不)can you give up when you are in trouble.has been tried have been tried by means of By no means 知识要点 7 regard
21、 n尊重；关注vt把视为；看待(教材 P62)The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.中国人对中国书写体系的高度重视体现在汉字的发展中，汉字作为一种艺术形式，被熟知为中国书法，已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。例 1 I regard this
22、novel as one of the best one I have ever read.我认为这是我读过的最好的小说中的一部。例 2 My roommate shows little regard for others.我的室友很少关心别人。知识拓展(1)regard/consider.as.认为是(2)have high/no regard for.高度关注/无视with/in regard to sth.关于某事give ones regards to sb.向某人致意；代向某人问候(3)regarding prep.关于，至于即学即练单句语法填空No one showed the l
23、east regard _ his feelings.The giant panda is regarded _ the symbol of Chengdu.If you ever see George,give him my kind _(regard)The government has declared its strong position _(regard)the prevention of river pollution.to/for as regards regarding 知识要点 8 appreciatevt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值(教材 P62)As China
24、plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this amazing language.随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。例 1 Many people cant fully appreciate the importance of regular exercise
25、.许多人没有充分认识到定期锻炼的重要性。例 2 I would appreciate you calling back this afternoon.I would appreciate it if you could call back this afternoon.如果今天下午你能回电话，我将不胜感激。知识拓展(1)appreciaten./pron./v.-ing 重视/感激I would appreciate it if.假如，我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n.欣赏；感激即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子I appreciate _(give)the opportunity
26、to work in your company two years ago.I greatly appreciate your _(bring)me so much enjoyment.being given bringing Here I sincerely express my _(appreciate)if you could give me some advice on how to learn English._ you let me know whether you are free in advance.如果你提前告知我你是否有空我将不胜感激。appreciation Id ap
27、preciate it if 小片段填空Have you ever dreamed of performing in front of thousands of people at a concert，at which everyone is clapping and _ your music？This _ surely can motivate you to do your best.(appreciate)appreciating appreciation Sentence Patterns重点句式 1“of抽象名词”结构(教材 P62)That writing system was of
28、 great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.该书写体系对于统一中国人民和中国文化都具有重要意义。句式分析of great importance 属于“of抽象名词”结构，相当于 very important。例 1 What you are saying is of no interest(not interesting)to me.你说的话让我提不起兴趣。例 2 His opinion is considered to be of great value(very valuable)大家一致认为他的观点很有价值。知识
29、拓展(1)名词是 use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/benefit/necessity 等时，相当于其名词所对应的形容词，这类名词前可用 no，some，any，little，much，great 等词修饰。(2)名词是 age/shape/colour/size/kind/type/price/height/depth/width/length/weight 等时，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，这类名词前可用the same，different，good 等修饰。即学即练句型转换/完成句子Smoking is of no benefit to
30、 you.Smoking is _ to you.This line is as long as that one.The two lines are _.I feel happy that the work Im doing is _.我很高兴，我做的这项工作非常有价值。not beneficial of the same length of much value Your skirt is_ with mine but _.你的裙子和我的裙子大小相同但颜色不同。These flags are _.这些旗帜颜色不同。Having the answers ready _.准备好答案会很有帮助。
31、of the same size of different colours of different colours will be of great help 重点句式 2 no matter where/what.引导让步状语从句(教材 P62)Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or whatdialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。句式分析No matter how/w
32、hat/when.，引导让步状语从句。例 1 No matter how difficult the problem is，we should not lose heart.无论问题有多难，我们都不应该丧失信心。例 2 No matter what/Whatever you say，I wont believe you any longer.无论你说什么，我再也不相信你了。知识拓展(1)no matter how 意为“不管；无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，相当于 however。(2)“no matter特殊疑问词(如 who/what/where/when 等)”均可引导让步状语从句，可与特
33、殊疑问词-ever 等词互换。(3)“疑问词ever”可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。即学即练句型转换/完成句子However late it is,his mother is always waiting for him._，his mother is always waiting for him._，you must obey the law.不论你是谁，你必须遵守法律。I would like to read _.无论你推荐哪本书，我都想读。No matter how late it is Whoever/No matter who you are whichever book
34、you recommend 1China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times，despite the many ups and downs in its history.分析 本句为复合句，which 引导定语从句，修饰 civilisation；despite 是介词，构成介词短语作状语。译文 尽管在历史上经历了多次盛衰，但一直延续至今的古老文明让中国闻名世界。2Over the years，the system devel
35、oped into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.分析 本句主句为：the system developed into different forms;as引导原因状语从句，原因状语从句包含一个 when 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 time；leading to many varieties of dialects and characters 为v.-ing 作结果状语。
36、译文 随着时间的推移，书写体系发展成不同的形式，因为那时人们居住在不同的地理区域，导致了多种方言和文字的形成。教材 高考1.At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture-basedlanguage.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.(2020全国卷)教材 高考2.It dates back several thousand years to the use of l
37、ongguanimal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.Orange trees are more than decoration;they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.(2020全国卷)3.I must make my request longerand I must make it a question，not a demand.Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激)，demand
38、ing jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.(2020浙江卷).单句语法填空1.Youd better learn some _(base)Chinese before you come to our school.Only in this way can you get used to the life here soon.2Did you enjoy yourself last night?Yes.I appreciate _(invite)to your birthday party.basic being
39、invited 3As a result，we often take part in_(various)of after-school activities.4Chinese writing was first done by _(carve)symbols on bones and shells.5Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming，_(regard)as one of the best forms of exercise.6We need to hold back _(globe)warming and prepare for
40、its bad effects.varieties carving is regarded global 7Sometimes I enjoy _(play)the piano，but sometimes I find it really boring.8All possible means will _(try)to find a way to settle the problem.9What is your attitude _ senior high students taking up a part-time job?10As is known to us，the panda is n
41、ative _ China.playing be tried towards/to to.短语填空ups and downs，of great importance，based on，a number of，date back to，refer to，varieties of，by means of，regarded as，according to1Its _ to study English well.2The company has undergone many _.3_ books are being sold at this bookshop.4The marathon _ a war
42、 between the Persian Empire and the Greeks.of great importance ups and downs Varieties of race dates back to 5This novel is _ historical facts.6I was not _ her when I said so.7_ students are planting trees on the hill.8The teacher explained the problem _ an example.9He was later _ a sea god by the p
43、eople in Fujian and Taiwan.10They both played the game _ the rules.based on referring to A number of by means of regarded as according to.课文语法填空The main reason 1._ Chinas ancient civilisation has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system.At the beginning，wri
44、tten Chinese was a picture-based language，which 2._(date)back several thousand years to the use of longgu.why dates Symbols 3._(carve)on animal bones and shells by ancient Chinese people.Over the years，there was 4._ time when the Chinese people were divided geographically，5._(lead)to many varieties
45、of dialects and characters.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states 6._ one unified country，making the Chinese writing system begin to develop in one direction.It was of great 7._(important)in uniting were carved a leading into importance the Chinese people and culture.People in modern time
46、s can read the classic 8._(work)which were written by Chinese in ancient times.Nowadays，Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture.As China plays a greater role in 9._(globe)affairs，a large number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this 10._(amaze)language.works global amazing 点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 谢谢观看 THANK YOU!
