1、专练(三)说明文Cloze 1Some children learn math very easily, but others struggle through the basics. If your children are having a _1_ time learning elementary school(小学) math, there is plenty that you can do to _2_. Here are some ideas：If your children are _3_ with schoolwork, too much parental pressure ca
2、n _4_ further discouragement. Instead, keep an encouraging _5_. If you check over their homework and _6_ that they made many mistakes, cheerfully and _7_ help them think through their errors.Dont ever suggest that they are just _8_ at math. Let them know that they will _9_ it if they just keep tryin
3、g.Cooking and baking _10_ your children allows them to get exposed to many tricky math concepts in a fun and relaxing _11_. Invite them into the kitchen to _12_ chocolate chip cookies with you, thus learning math in a very handson way. Cooking and baking are also good ways to _13_ your children to c
4、oncepts like weight and temperature.Video games have become so _14_ that many families never make time for an oldfashioned board game(棋类游戏). _15_， it can give your children the opportunity to work with many math concepts. _16_ a variety of board games is a great way to get your children more comfort
5、able with mathematical concepts.Take a trip to your local _17_ and check out some of the picture books dealing with math. _18_ youre sure where to begin, ask the librarian for _19_. A child who is tired of struggling over math problems, may _20_ sitting down with a wonderful picture book that presen
6、ts math concepts in a unique way. 1. A. wonderful B. easy C. hard D. spare2A. help B. escape C. warn D. learn3A. playing B. staying C. struggling D. combining4A. result from B. find outC. lead to D. put forward5A. option B. attitude C. dream D. altitude6A. realize B. ignore C. expect D. notice7A. wo
7、rriedly B. calmly C. hurriedly D. generously8A. good B. smart C. bad D. mad9A. beat B. forget C. get D. lose10A. for B. besides C. with D. without11A. movement B. environmentC. tone D. action12A. sell B. eat C. count D. bake13A. expose B. force C. introduce D. send14A. boring B. useful C. powerful D
8、. popular15A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Then16A. Inventing B. Playing C. Making D. Solving17A. school B. library C. kitchen D. party18A. If B. But C. Though D. Unless19A. agreements B. suggestionsC. conditions D. settlements20A. enjoy B. avoid C. practise D. mindCloze 2(2017河北衡水中学高三一调考试)Laz
9、iness is a state of inaction. It is something that you do, not something that you are. Being lazy means you have no _1_ to do anything. Many people are _2_ themselves to be someone who is lazy. In this article, I am going to _3_ with you something that will help you see this state of inaction in a (
10、n) _4_ way. Lazy people are often seen as useless. _5_， are they really being lazy or are they acting lazy? Acting lazy is suggesting that your laziness is _6_. But being lazy suggests that it lasts long. Many people are not really lazy；they _7_ are people who are temporarily acting that way. So wha
11、t _8_ a person to be inactive? The answer is a lack of goals. If you give someone a good enough _9_ to do something, he will do it. People who dont _10_ to do anything just havent found a good enough reason to do it. _11_ students dont study because they dont see the _12_ in studying. If you give th
12、em a reason, a strong enough reason, they will take _13_. For example, if you are too lazy to go to the gym, would you go if someone _14_ you a million dollars to go? If you are too lazy to clean out the garage，would someone _15_ a gun to your head help you take action? The reason can be positive or
13、 negative _16_ it is strong enough to help you take action. The bottom line of knowing how to _17_ laziness comes down to finding enough reasons to take action. Action will _18_ success while inaction will result in _19_. To motivate someone who is lazy, what you need to do is help him find enough _
14、20_ to work towards a certain goal. 1A. courage B. question C. time D. motivation2A. agreeing B. denying C. considering D. refusing3A. argue B. share C. compete D. compare4A. different B. interestingC. ordinary D. primary5A. Otherwise B. Besides C. However D. Therefore6A. correct B. false C. tempora
15、ry D. inspirational7A. simply B. occasionally C. often D. hardly8A. stops B. causes C. discourages D. demands9A. worry B. gift C. fear D. purpose10A. want B. devote C. take D. come11A. Hardworking B. LazyC. Young D. Confused12A. point B. success C. situation D. difficulty13A. part B. place C. action
16、 D. control14A. lent B. owed C. borrowed D. offered15A. firing B. pointing C. shooting D. hiding16A. so that B. as soon as C. in spite of D. as long as17A. win B. fight C. overcome D. ban18A. result from B. fight forC. ask for D. lead to19A. influence B. failure C. pressure D. happiness20A. reasons
17、B. money C. energy D. confidenceCloze 3(2017江西赣中南五校一模)Are you a team player?We hear a lot about team building these days. Teambuilding gurus (大师) are hired by some corporations to _1_ us on how to work more effectively with each other. And they organize awaydays (外出研讨日)a _2_ employees spend together
18、 away from their _3_workplace.Here in the UK, employees can _4_ activities such as Zombie Boot Camps where military instructors _5_ you how to fight walking “dead people”. For the brainier office workers amongst us there are _6_ investigations modelled on popular TV dramas like Sherlock Holmes and C
19、SI.Stressedout city workers might have ukulele _7_ made available to them. Why is that a good teambuilding exercise? Ukulele teacher Lorraine Bow says: “The fact that they can _8_ a musical instrument within an hour is quite a fulfilling thing, really. Its not competitiveits quite _9_ to do and a bi
20、t less intimidating (吓人的) than a guitar.”_10_， a horse might be a bit more intimidating than a(n) _11_. The animals are used by a company in Abu Dhabi which _12_ the leadership through horse training. Basically, you have to go in a yard with a _13_ and persuade it that youre the _14_ by using body l
21、anguage.Kelly Eide, cofounder of the True Leadership, says: “The horses dont _15_ if your hair is purple, if youre a man or a woman, if youre old or young. It transcends (超越) all of those _16_ boundariesage, gender, religion, tradition etc.so thats a perfect _17_.”And the horse _18_ instinctively wh
22、ether or not you are a natural leader. So _19_ after youve done a good presentation your boss _20_ you a carrot, youll know where he might have learnt it from. 1A. put B. urge C. inspire D. lecture2A. fortune B. money C. time D. force3A. general B. usual C. crowded D. comfortable4A. take part in B.
23、put up withC. look up to D. watch out for5A. train B. prepare C. tell D. show6A. access B. crime C. accident D. harm7A. orders B. words C. lessons D. results8A. use B. repair C. buy D. play9A. available B. convenient C. amazing D. easy10A. Surprisingly B. Curiously C. Actually D. Fortunately11A. tig
24、er B. instrument C. tool D. pig12A. teaches B. warns C. uses D. creates13A. horse B. person C. chair D. tree14A. worker B. boss C. waiter D. teacher15A. appreciate B. careC. indicate D. consider16A. personal B. diverse C. casual D. cultural17A. notice B. link C. fit D. treat18A. hopes B. chooses C.
25、thinks D. feels19A. if B. although C. since D. when20A. provides B. considers C. offers D. callsCloze 4Communication is an important part of any relationship. Many of us are _1_ to share our experiences or emotions with our friends. But when its our turn to lend a (n) _2_， we soon become bored or ar
26、e short of ideas on how to _3_ and offer advice.Thats because of what researchers call “listener burnout (精疲力竭)”. A friend might talk to us _4_， often complaining about the same _5_ problems. When we offer quick advice to _6_ the situation, we may be unconsciously trying to_7_ourselves from burnout.
27、 However, good listeners _8_ their natural tendency to solve the others problems hurriedly and to keep the conversation brief.To be a good _9_， you need to use “active listening”. It starts with the real _10_ to help others and think through their feelings. Dont _11_ things. You can start by putting
28、 your phone _12_ and sitting close to your friend. Let your facial expressions _13_ what he or she is saying. _14_ you are able to fully understand, acknowledge the other persons _15_ by reflecting them back：“That must be really hard for you.” Use _16_ words or even sounds such as “yes”，“right” and“
29、hmm” to _17_ the other person to continue.Of course, a _18_ can be extremely hard if the other person is too critical. But dont get defensive. Effective listeners dont _19_ negative criticism. Instead, they listen and understand what the person is trying to convey _20_ responding. 1A. afraid B. hesi
30、tant C. shy D. eager2A. shoulder B. hand C. ear D. eye3A. respond B. explain C. argue D. quit4A. aimlessly B. endlessly C. deliberately D. cautiously5A. difficult B. old C. acute D. sensitive6A. fix B. discuss C. create D. describe7A. forgive B. protect C. discourage D. prevent8A. follow B. display
31、C. form D. overcome9A. reader B. partner C. listener D. speaker10A. demand B. habit C. desire D. ability11A. skip B. rush C. overlook D. postpone12A. away B. off C. out D. up13A. record B. restrict C. reflect D. replace14A. Whether B. Since C. While D. If15A. suggestions B. purposesC. responses D. f
32、eelings16A. big B. tough C. strong D. short17A. force B. remind C. encourage D. convince18A. conversation B. suggestionC. problem D. lecture19A. give up B. make up C. leave out D. block out20. A. after B. before C. while D. onceCloze 1语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，作者主要向我们介绍了一些帮助孩子学好小学数学的方法。1C本段第一句话说有些孩子学习这些基础知识很吃力，
33、struggle与选项中的hard意义接近，这里是说孩子在学习小学数学上很困难。2A如果你的孩子学小学数学有困难，有很多办法可以来帮助他们。根据语境可知选择A项。3C根据空格后的“too much parental pressure”可知。此处表示如果你的孩子正在挣扎地做着家庭作业。struggle“奋斗，拼搏”。4C太多的来自父母的压力会导致孩子更大程度的泄气。根据语境可知，应选C项，lead to“导致”。result from“由造成”；find out“查明，弄清楚”；put forward“提出”。5B作者认为父母不应该给孩子过多的压力，相反，应该是采取鼓励的态度(attitude)
34、。6D此处表示如果你仔细检查他的作业时，注意(notice)到有很多错误。7B前文提到不能给孩子施加过多的压力，而应该鼓励他们，那么检查出他们作业中有一些错误时应该保持冷静。8C结合上一段的内容及空格后的内容可知，此处表示当发现孩子在作业中犯了很多错误时，不要暗示他们的数学不好。be bad at“在某方面不好”。9C此处表示应该让孩子知道如果他们努力，就一定能成功。get it指取得成功。10C和孩子一起烹饪和烘焙会让孩子学到很多难的数学概念。根据语境可知，应该选择C项。11B在有趣和放松的环境(environment)中让孩子学到很多难的数学概念。12D结合上文中的“Cooking and
35、 baking”和空后的“chocolate chip cookies”可知，此处指家长邀请孩子进厨房，和孩子一起烤饼干，用亲身实践的方式帮助孩子学数学。13A烹饪和烘焙会让孩子接触到像重量和温度等概念。expose sb. to.“让某人接触”。10空后的“get exposed to”也是提示。14D后文说许多家庭从来都不花时间玩老式的棋类游戏了，据此可知，此处是说视频游戏现在非常流行(popular)。15A这里的it指的是上文中的“an oldfashioned board game(棋类游戏)”。然而(However)，这种游戏给孩子学数学概念提供了机会。16B根据语境可知，此处是指
36、玩棋类游戏能够让你的孩子对数学概念更加的应对自如。17B根据空格后的“check out some of the picture books”及“librarian”可知，此处表示去当地的图书馆查阅一些图画书，应该选择B项。18D如果你不确定从哪里开始，你可以询问图书管理员，让他们提些建议(suggestions)。unless“如果不”，符合语境。19B参见上题解析。20A讨厌做数学题的孩子也许会喜欢(enjoy)坐下来看用独特的方式展现数学概念的图画书。Cloze 2语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了懒惰是一种无所事事的状态，分析了懒惰的原因，并提出了相应的改进措施。1D考查名词辨析。
37、根据语境可知，懒惰意味着你没有做任何事情的动力。根据文章最后一句中的“To motivate someone who is lazy”可推知，此处应选motivation，意为“动机，兴趣”，故选D。2C考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，许多人认为自己是个懒惰的人。consider sb. to be sth./sb.为固定用法，意为“认为是”，符合句意。故选C。3B考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处表示，在此文中，“我”将与你分享一些东西让你认清这种不作为的状态。share with为固定搭配，意为“与分享”，符合语境。故选B。4A考查形容词辨析。根据下文所讲的内容可知，此处表示“以不同的方式”与你
38、分享。A项意为“不同的”，符合语境。故选A。5C考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，懒惰的人常常被认为一无是处。然而，他们是真的懒惰还是表现得懒惰呢？前后表示转折，且用逗号隔开，故应用转折副词however连接。故选C。6C考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，不愿意做事表明你是一时懒惰，但是一直懒惰却表明懒惰是经常性的。由“But”一词可知，此处应与“lasts long”形成对比，且与下文“temporarily acting that way”照应。故此处应指“暂时的”，C项符合语境。故选C。7A考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，许多人并不是真的懒惰，他们只是暂时想懒散一下罢了。此处与上文中的“really”
39、形成对比。A项意为“只是”，符合语境。故选A。8B考查动词辨析。根据下文“The answer is a lack of goals.”可知，此处指的应该是其原因，即是什么让一个人变得不作为呢？B项意为“引起”，符合语境。故选B。9D考查名词辨析。上文说一个人不作为是因为缺乏目标，此处表示如果你给某个人足够明确的目标去做些事情，他一定会去做。D项意为“目标”，符合语境。故选D。10A考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，不想做事的人只是没有找到一个足够好的理由去做事。A项意为“想要”，符合语境。故选A。11B考查形容词辨析。上文主要讲的是懒惰的人及其懒惰的原因。根据上下文可知，不学习的学生应该是懒惰的学
40、生。故选B。12A考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，懒惰的学生不学习是因为他们没有看出学习的意义。the point in doing sth.意为“做某事的意义”，符合语境。故选A。13C考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，如果你给他们一个理由，一个有足够说服力的理由，他们肯定会采取行动。此处与上文的“he will do it”相照应。take action为固定搭配，意为“采取行动”，符合语境，故选C。14D考查动词辨析。句意为：比如，如果你太懒惰了以至于不想去体育馆，那么，有人主动给你一百万美元你愿意去吗？D项意为“主动提供”，符合语境。故选D。15B考查动词辨析。句意为：如果你太懒惰了以至于不愿意
41、清理车库，那么，有人拿枪指着你的头会让你采取行动吗？point.to意为“把指向”，符合语境。故选B。16D考查连词短语辨析。根据语境可知，无论原因是积极主动的还是消极被动的，只要理由充分，就足以让你采取行动。D项意为“只要，如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。故选D。17C考查动词辨析。上文分析了懒惰的表现和原因，文章最后一段讲的是如何克服懒惰情绪。根据语境可知，此处应表示如何克服懒惰，归根结底是要找到足够的理由采取行动。C项意为“克服”，符合语境。故选C。18D考查动词短语辨析。根据语境以及逻辑关系可知，行动会带来成功。D项意为“导致，引起”，符合语境。故选D。19B 考查名词辨析。根据语
42、境可知，此处应与上半句中的“success”形成对比，表示“不作为将会导致失败”。B项意为“失败”，符合语境。故选B。20A考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，为了激发懒惰的人，你需要做的就是帮助他找到足够的理由朝着目标奋斗。A项意为“理由”，在上文也多次出现，符合语境。故选A。Cloze 3语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些大公司是如何进行团队建设的。1D根据上文的“Teambuilding gurus (大师) are hired”可知，团队建设大师们被雇来讲授如何更加有效地合作。lecture意为“讲授”，故选D项。2C由“awaydays(外出研讨日)”可知，此处在解释外出研讨日的
43、含义，意为“一段时间”。故选C项。3B外出研讨日就是雇员们远离他们通常的(usual)工作场所一起度过的时间。故选B项。4A根据下文的“such as Zombie Boot Camps”可知，在英国，员工们能参加(take part in)许多活动。故选A项。put up with“忍受”；look up to“尊敬”； watch out for“密切注意”。5A根据上文的“military instructors(军队的教官)”以及下文的“how to fight walkingdead people”可知，此处表示的是“军队的教官训练你如何打行走的僵尸”。故选A项。6B根据下文的“mo
44、delled on popular TV dramas like Sherlock Holmes and CSI”可知，此处表示“对于我们中间的非常聪明的办公室员工而言，有模仿电视节目大侦探福尔摩斯和犯罪现场调查的犯罪调查活动”。故选B项。7C根据下文的“Ukulele teacher Lorraine Bow says”可知，焦虑的城市工人们可以上尤克里里课。故选C项。8D由“a musical instrument”以及上文内容可知，此处指的是“弹奏一个乐器”。故选D项。9D根据上文的“Its not competitive”可知，此处表示的是“弹起来相当容易”，故选D项。10C实际上，一
45、匹马可能要比一件乐器更吓人。故选C项。11B根据语境可知，此处拿马与乐器进行了比较。故选B项。12A根据下文的“horse training”可知，此处表示“Abu Dhabi的一家公司教领导阶层马术训练”，故选A项。13A上文提到了“horse training”，故可知此处应选A项。14B该句的意思为：你必须和马走进一个场地并且通过身体语言来说服它你是老板。故选B项。15B根据下文的“if your hair is purple, if youre a man or a woman, if youre old or young”可知，此处表示“马不关心你的头发是否是紫色的，你的性别和年龄”
46、。故选B项。16D根据下文的“age, gender, religion, tradition etc.”可知，这些属于文化的界限。故选D项。17C因为马超越了所有那些文化的界限年龄，性别，宗教，传统等。故可知那是一个完美的适合(fit)。故选C项。18D根据句中的“instinctively (本能地)”可知，此处表示“马本能地感觉你是否是一个天生的领导者”。故选D项。19A分析句子结构可知，此处表示条件关系，故选A项。20C根据上文的“youve done a good presentation”可知，此处表示“你的老板会给你好处”。carrot意为“报酬，好处”。故选C项。Cloze 4
47、语篇解读：交流在人际关系中起着重要的作用，许多人都愿意和朋友分享自己的经历或情感，但是如何做一个善听者呢？1D我们许多人都渴望和朋友分享自己的经历或情感。be eager to do sth.“渴望做某事”。2Clend an ear为固定短语，意思为“倾听”。3A根据下文的“and offer advice”可知，我们对如何作出反应(respond)和提供建议没有了主意。4B朋友可能会经常无休止地对着我们抱怨老掉牙的问题。endlessly“无休止地”符合语境。5B参见上题解析。6A由上文的“offer quick advice”可知，应选fix，表示“解决”。7Bprotect sb. /
48、sth. from sth. 表示“保护某人/某事免于某事”，符合语境。8D然而，好的倾听者会克服(overcome)他们的自然倾向来迅速解决他人的问题。9C由下文的“active listening”可知，此处指做一个好的倾听者(listener)需要积极地倾听他人诉说。10C开始时要有真正的要帮助别人的渴望(desire)，并认真考虑他们的感受。11Brush things表示“仓促做事”，符合语境。12A这里表示把你的手机收起来(putting your phone away)，紧挨着你朋友坐。13C由15空后的“by reflecting them back”可知，这里表示让你的面部表情对你朋友所说的话作出反应。14A作为一个倾听者不管(Whether)你是否能够完全理解对方，你都要对对方的感情(feelings)作出回应。15D参见上题解析。16D由下文的“yes”“right”和“hmm”可知，要用简短的(short)语言来鼓励(encourage)他人继续说下去。17C参见上题解析。18A由语境可知，这里说的是谈话(conversation)很难进行下去。19D善听者不会抹去负面评论，相反，他们会在作出反应之前倾听并且明白这个人试图传达的意思。block out“不去想，抹去”。20B参见上题解析。
