1、山东省日照市2014高考英语阅读理解冲刺全程训练（8）及答案阅读理解Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard. “Ill be the first millionaire in Coleford!” Richard used to boast. “And youll be sorry you knew me,” George would reply “because Ill be the best lawyer in town!” George never did beco
2、me a lawyer and Richard never made any money. Instead both men opened bookshops on opposite sides of Coleford High Street. It was hard to make money from books, which made the competition between them worse. Now with only one bookshop in town, business was better for George. But sometimes he sat in
3、his narrow , old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window , thinking about his former rival （竞争对手）。Perhaps he missed him? George was very interested in old dictionaries, Hed recently found a collector in Australia who was selling a rare first edition. When the parcel arrived, the book was in perfec
4、t condition and George was delighted. But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in. He was astonishedthe smiling face was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading. “Bookends have bought ten bookstore
5、s from their rivals Dylans. The company, owned by multi-millionaire Richard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in Australia. ” ( ) 1. George and Richard were at school. A. roommates B. good friends C. competitors D. booksellers( ) 2. How did George feel about Richard after his disappearance? A. He
6、envied Richards marriage. B. He thought of Richard from time to time. C. He felt lucky with no rival in town. D. He was guilty of Richards death. ( ) 3. George got information about Richard from . A. a dictionary collector in Australia B. the latters rivals Dylans C. a rare first edition of a dictio
7、nary D. the wrapping paper of a book 65.C 细节理解题。由第一段“Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard.”可知从上学开始，乔治和理查德就是竞争对手。A、B、D三项没有根据，可排除。66.B细节理解题。由第五段“But sometimes he sat in his narrow , old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window , thinking about his former r
8、ival （竞争对手）, Perhaps he missed him?”可知理查德消失后乔治常常想起他来，故B项正确。A、D两项文中没有交代，属于主观臆测。C项也无从推断出乔治在没有了竞争对手后感到很幸运。67.D 细节把握题。由第六段“But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in.”一句可知乔治是从包书的一张报纸上得知理查德的消息的，故答案为D。阅读理解课堂练学案（7）Passage Seventeen (On the
9、Presidents Program)President Arling has put his long awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress. It provides a coordinated program of investment credits, research grants, education reforms, and tax changes designed to make American industry more competitive. This is necessary to reve
10、rse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six years.The most liberal wing of the Presidents party has called for stronger and more direct action. They want an incomes policy to check inflation while federal financing helps
11、 rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs.The Republicans, however, decry even the modest, graduated tax increases in the Presidents program. They want tax cuts and more open market. They say if federal money has to be injected into the economy, let it through defence spending.Both these
12、 alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem before us. It is not simply a matter of markets or financing. The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it. But it also threatens those who fail to adopt it with permanent second-class citizenship in
13、the world economy. If an industry cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances, then it will not be able to compete effectively. If it cannot do this, no amount of government protectionism or access to foreign markets can keep it profitable for long. Without the profits and
14、experience of technological excellence to reinvest, that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign competitors.So the crux is the technology and that is where the Presidents program focused. The danger is not that a plan will not be passed, it is that the ideologues of right and left w
15、ill distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology. The economic restructuring plan should be passed intact. If we fail to restructure our economy now, we may not get a second chance.1.The focus of the Presidents program is onA investment.economy.C technology.D tax.2.What is
16、 the requirement of the most liberal wing of the Democratic-party?A They want a more direct action.They want an incomes policy to check inflation.C They want to rebuild industry.D They want a wall of protective tariffs.3.What is the editors attitude?A support.distaste.C Disapproval.D Compromise.4.Th
17、e danger to the plan lies inA the two parties objection.different idea of the two parties about the plan.C its passage.D distortion.5.The passage isA a review.a preface.C a advertisement.D an editorial.Vocabulary1.reverse 逆转2.slide 滑坡3.plague 瘟疫；折磨，困扰4.tariff 关税5.decry 谴责，诋毁6.lever 杠杆；用杠杆撬动7.crux 症结
18、8.ideologue 空想家，思想家9.intact 原封不动的，完整无损的10.investment credit 投资信贷11.research grant 研究基金难句译注1.This is necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six years.【参考译文】这对扭转经济滑坡；滑到失业高，增长少和已经困扰经济达6年之久贸易赤字来说是必要的。写作方法与文
19、章大意这是一则有关总统向国会提交的经济计划评论。作者采用对比手法来突出其计划之正确性，第一段就讲了计划的涉及面：投资、研究、教育、税收等，目的是制止经济滑坡，提高美国工业竞争力。第二、三两段叙述了计划遭两方面的反对，总统党内的右翼要求更强硬，更直接的行动，而共和党对即使逐渐稍稍提高一点税收都予以谴责。第四段提出两者都忽略我们面临经济问题的独特性质。它不是市场或财政问题。掌握新技术的人大量增产，而不能采用新技术的人面临在世界经济中成为二等公民的危险。工业不能达到先进水平，就不能有效地竞争，那么任何保护主义或进入外国市场都不能长期奏效。没有技术优势的经验和利润的再投资，工业经济只能依然落后于外国竞
20、争对手。最后一段点出总统计划的要点就是工艺技术。作者提出：要求全面通过这一重新建设计划。如果我们不能重建经济，我们可能不会有第二次机会。答案详解1.C 工艺技术。最后一段第一句“问题的症结就在于工艺技术，这就是总统计划的要点所在。”第四段：“对掌握新技术的人来说，新技术使他们大大增产，而新技术对不能掌握它的人来说，在世界经济中他们面临沦为永久性的二等公民的危险。如果不能做到这一点，那么任何政府保护主义，进入国际市场都不能有效地竞争。如果不能有技术优势的利润和经验再投资，工业只能进一步落后于国外竞争对手。”这些都说明总统计划的重点再工艺技术。A.投资。D.税收。只是总统计划的涉及面。B.经济。太
21、笼统了。2.A 更直接行动。第二段“总统的党内几段自由翼要求更强硬、更直接行动。他们要求用收入（税收）政策来制止通货膨胀；联邦财政在关税保护下，帮助重建工业。”B.他们需要制止通货膨胀。C.重建工业。D.保护关税墙。都只是他们要求中的不分内容，不完整。3.A支持。第四、五段集中了评论者的观点，支持的理由和论点。B.厌恶。C.不赞成。D.调和妥协。4.D歪曲。最后一段第二句：“其危险不在于计划将不被通过，而在于左和右的思想理论家们用修正案来歪曲提案，使计划要点蒙尘模糊不清，经济重建计划应原封不动地通过。”这是作者的态度，也是他所担心之处。A.两党的反对。B.两党对计划的不同看法。C.它的通过。5
22、.D 社论。A.评论。社论也是评论的一种，但它是报纸主编所撰，常常是有关国内外大事评论。B.前言。C.广告。阅读理解Pacing and Pausing Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steves new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didnt hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a ch
23、ance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing. /gaokao/beijing Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, theres no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before Im finished or fail to take your turn when Im finished. Th
24、ats what was happening with Betty and Sara. It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found h
25、erself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel. /gaokao/beijing The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions n
26、ot about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern ci
27、ty to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in-and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at t
28、he end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up. Thats why slight differences in conversational style-tiny little things like microseconds of pause-can have a great effect on ones life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems-e
29、ven in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.( ) 1. What did Sara think of Betty when talking with her? A. Betty was talkative. B. Betty was an interrupter. C. Betty did not take her turn. /gaokao/beijing D. Betty paid no
30、 attention to Sara.( ) 2. According to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns? A. Americans. B. Israelis. C. The British. D. The Finns.( ) 3. We can learn from the passage that _ A. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacingB. women are unfavor
31、ably stereotyped in eastern cities of the US C. ones inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimesD. one should receive training to build up ones confidence( ) 4. The underlined word assertiveness in the last paragraph probably means _ A. being willing to speak ones mindB. being able to i
32、ncrease ones powerC. being ready to make ones own judgment /gaokao/beijing D. being quick to express ones ideas confidently64.C细节题，难题。难在弄不清谁是S谁是B，耐心读，动笔划，从第一段得出正确答案并不难：Sara felt Betty didnt hold up her end of the conversation65.B细节排序题，难题。还是耐心读，动笔划。S代表美国人，B代表英国人（加起来？），S比B期待谈话间隙时间更短，又在以色列人(Israelis)说话
33、时插不上嘴，故答案选说话嗒嗒嗒嗒的以色列人。66.C变态细节题，较难题。A不符原文，B无中生有，D无中生有，C关键要理解culturally determined，由文化决定或者受文化影响。67.A词义猜测题，较难。难点在于A选项的干扰作用。原文说那位MM的inability to speak up注意别人认为她没能力，不是说她不愿意。所以D比A好，此处用反义对比方法。阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（A）WELCOMWelcome to Windsor Castle, the oldest and large
34、st occupied castle in the world. Windsor is one of the official residences（住所）of the Queen, who sometimes stays here.Audio toursFree audio tours are available on leaving the Admission Centre at the start of your visit. There is a descriptive audio tour for blind and poor-sighted visitors.Guided tour
35、sVisitors can explore the history of the Castle through a tour of the Precincts with an expert guide. Tours depart at regular intervals throughout the day from the Courtyard and finish at the entrance to the State Apartments.Visitors with childrenFor those visiting with children, a special family to
36、ur and various activities are offered during school holidays and at weekends. Please note that, for safely reasons, pushchairs are not permitted in the State Apartments. However, baby carriers are available to borrow.St Georges ChapelVisitors arriving at the Castle after 15:00 from March to October
37、are advised to visit St Georges Chapel first before it closes.Shopping Shops offer a wide range of souvenirs designed for the Royal Collection, including books, postcards, china, jewellery, and childrens toys. Please ask at the Middle Ward shop about our home delivery service.RefreshmentsBottled wat
38、er can be purchased from the Courtyard and Middle Ward shops. Form April to September ice cream is also available. Visitors wishing to leave the Castle for refreshments in the town may obtain re-entry permits from the castle shops. Eating and drinking are not permitted in the State Apartments or St
39、Georges Chapel.Photography and mobile phonesNon-commercial photography and filming are welcomed in the Castle. Photography, video recording and filming are not permitted inside the State Apartments or St Georges Chapel in consideration of other visitors.SecurityAs Windsor Castle is a working royal p
40、alace, visitors and their belongings should get through airport-style security checks. For safety and security reasons a one-way system operates along the visitor route. ( ) 1. A visitor can apply for a free audio tour _.A. in the Courtyard B. in the State ApartmentsC. at the Admission Center D. at
41、St Georges Chapel36. C. 细节理解题。在Audio tours标题下直接找到the Admission Center。( ) 2. What is specially offered to visitors with kids?A. A security guard. B. A pushchair. C. A free toy. D. A baby carrier.37. D. 细节理解题。在visitors with babies标题下有baby carriers are available to borrow.( ) 3. Who can get re-entry p
42、ermits?A. Visitors wishing to eat outside the Castle.B. Visitors buying gifts in the castle shops.C. Visitors buying water from the Courtyard.D. Visitors eating outside St Georges Chapel.38.A. 细节理解题。在Refreshments标题下有Visitors wishing to leave the castle for refreshments in the town may obtain the re-
43、entry permits from the castle shops.( ) 4. Why are visitors required to turn off their mobile phones?A. To ensure the safety of others.B. To ensure the security of the Castle.C. To prevent them from disturbing others.D. To prevent the use of the built-in cameras.39. C. 细节理解题。在Photography and mobile
44、phones标题下有Mobile phones must be switched off inconsideration of other visitors.( ) 5. In the last part, a “working royal palace” refers to one _. A. still being constructedB. still used by the royal familyC. where the Queen usually worksD. where works of art are on show40.B. 词义猜测题。根据第一部分中的句子Windsor is one of the official residences of the Queen, who sometimes stays there.可以猜测B项正确，C项是不正确的，因为该项只是Queen usually works。
