1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家哈尔滨市2014高考英语阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练（30）及答案Hospitals not only treat infections they can also cause them.In the United States alone, the number of infections in hospitals is estimated at close to two million each year. About one hundred thousand patients die.A new government report notes that ve
2、ry little progress has been made in reducing what are called health care-associated infections. The most common are infections of the urinary tract(尿路), surgical site and bloodstream.Many infections have been increasing even as hospitals have made efforts to improve. About forty percent of all healt
3、h care-associated infections are linked to the use of catheters. A tube is placed inside the body to collect urine（尿液）, so the patient does not have to get out of bed.But the latest report says urinary tract infections after surgery increased more than three and a half percent. It says catheters sho
4、uld be used only if necessary.Another way to prevent infections is to give patients antibiotics before surgery. Doctors are advised to give them within the hour before the operation. Patients who get antibiotics earlier than one hour are more likely to get an infected surgical wound. Also, doctors a
5、re advised to discontinue the antibiotics within twenty-four hours after the surgery. The report says longer than that is usually not necessary. It can increase the risk of antibiotic resistance.Kathleen Sebelius is secretary of health and human services. She noted that racial and ethnic minorities
6、were less likely to have insurance and less likely to get the treatments they needed. She called the report numbers troubling.But she also said the health care reforms passed by Congress will improve the quality of care for all Americans. She said the new law will reward quality over quantity of car
7、e, creating a system that prevents diseases before more costly treatment is required.49.What do we learn about healthcare-associated infections from this passage?A. It is a new disease that is discovered by American doctors.B. It is not reported in other countries but the United States.C. It is conn
8、ected with what doctors do to treat their patients.D. It is so deadly that it kills two million people every year. 50. In this passage antibiotics are used to _.A. reduce pain B. prevent infectionsC. shorten operation time D. make patients sleep51. From the last paragraph but one we know Kathleen Se
9、belius is_.A. very optimistic about the situationB. quite worried about the minoritiesC. suffering from the infection herselfD. blaming doctors for their slow response 52. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Antibiotics may be the most effective way to resist infection after surgery.B. Some eth
10、nic minorities without insurance are in need of basic treatments.C. Hospitals are where infections are least likely to take place.D. Hospitals have made great progress in reducing healthcare-associated infections.参考答案49、CB 5155 AB *结束短语动词1. To our surprise the stranger _ to be an old friend of my mo
11、thers.A. turned outB. turned upC. set outD. set up2. All the girls swam in the lake except two, who _ halfway. A. gave offB. gave upC. gave awayD. gave out3. If the new arrangement doesnt _, well go back to the old one.A. work overB. work outC. work upD. work in4. “Have great changes taken place in
12、your village?” “Yes, A new school was _ in the village last year.”A. held upB. set upC. sent upD. brought up 5. I had to _ because someone else wanted to use the phone. A. give upB. put upC. hang upD. ring up6. Elephants would _ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished. A. die downB. die
13、outC. die awayD. die off7. My study of biology has _ much of my spare time, but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment. A. taken offB. taken downC. taken upD. taken away8. The plan _ just because people were unwilling to co-operate.A. broke downB. pulled downC. turned downD. put down9. The govern
14、ment has _ the parents to work with teachers in the education of their children.A. asked forB. called forC. looked for D. paid for10. John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to _ all his trousers to his measure.A. let outB. give awayC. bring inD. make up11. I can _ some noise whi
15、le Im studying, but I cant stand very loud noise. A. put up withB. get rid of C. have effect onD. keep away from12. The mother often tells her son to be a good boy, warning him to _ trouble.A. hold back fromB. keep out of C. break away fromD. get rid of13. To my surprise, the manager _ 30 dollars fr
16、om my salary without any good reason.A. cut offB. held upC. brought downD. kept back14. Steven has a lot of work to _ in the office since he has been away for quite a few days.A. take upB. make upC. work outD. carry out15. Although Jane agrees with me on most points, there was one on which she was u
17、nwilling to _.A. give outB. give inC. give awayD. give off 16. You should _ what your parents expect of you. A. live up toB. stand up toC. look up to D. run up to 17. I can hardly believe my eyes. What a poor composition you have _. There are so many wrong spellings in it. A. turned intoB. turned of
18、fC. turned toD. turned in 18. “Why dont we go for a picnic this weekend?” “Good idea! I would _ the car and youll prepare the food.” A. look afterB. take care ofC. see aboutD get down to 19. How I wish that I could _ my ideas in simple and wonderful English when chatting on the net.A. set out B. set
19、 off C. set over D. set up20. Some kinds of animals can _ the colour of their surroundings.A. take onB. dress upC. put on D. get into答案解析1. 选A。turn out 意为“结果是，原来是”等；turn up 意为“找到， 发现，出现，开大音量”等；set out 意为“开始，出发，陈述”等；set up 意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创(纪录)，提出”等。2. 选B。give up 意为“放弃”；give out 意为“分发，发出(气味、热等)，发表，用尽，
20、精疲力竭”；give away意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露，出卖”；give off 意为“发出(蒸汽、光等)，长出（枝、杈等）”。3. 选B。work out 在此表示“有预期结果”；work over 意为“调查，重做”；work up 意为“逐步建立，逐步发展”；work in 意为“配合，引进”。4. 选B。set up 意为“建立”；hold up 意为“举起，支撑，继续下去，阻挡，拦截”；send up 意为“发出，射出，长出，使上升”；bring up 意为“教育，培养，提出”。 5. 选C。give up 指“放弃”；put up 指“举起，架起，修建，张贴”等；hang up
21、 指“挂断(电话)”；ring up 指“给某人打电话”。6. 选B。die away 指“(声音、风、光线等)渐息，渐弱”；die down 指“(慢慢)熄灭，平静下来”；die off 指“一个一个地死去”；die out 指“(家族、种族、习俗、观念等)灭绝，绝迹”。7. 选C。take up 意为“开始(学习或从事等)，继续，占去，接纳，提出”；take off意为“脱下，起飞，打折，请假”；take away 意为“取走”；take down 意为“写下，拆下”。8. 选A。break down意为“中止，毁掉，压倒，停顿，倒塌”；pull down 意为“摧毁，推翻，使降低，使身体
22、变差”；turn down 意为“拒绝，关小音量，减弱，降低”；put down 意为“放下，拒绝，镇压，削减，记下”。9. 选B。call for 意为“要求，提倡”；ask for 意为“请求，索要”；look for 意为“寻找”；pay for 意为“为付钱”。10. 选A。let out 意为“放掉，泄露，放大，出租”；give away 意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露, 出卖，让步”；bring in 意为“生产， 挣得，介绍引进”；make up 意为“弥补，虚构，缝制，整理，和解，编辑，化妆”。11. 选A。put up with 意为“忍受，容忍”；get rid of 意为“
23、摆脱，消除，去掉”；have effect on 意为“对有影响”；keep away from意为“远离，不接近”。12. 选B。hold back from 意为“向隐瞒”；keep out of 意为“使在之外”；break away from 意为“脱离”；get rid of 意为“摆脱，消除，去掉”。13. 选D。keep back 意为“扣下，留下，阻挡，隐瞒”；hold up意为“举起，支撑”；bring down 意为“打倒，击落，打死，降低”；cut off 意为“切断，断绝”。14. 选B。make up 意为“弥补，虚构，整理，编辑，化妆”；take up 意为“拿起，
24、开始从事，继续，吸收”；work out 意为“计算出，设计出，有预期结果”；carry out 意为“完成，实现，贯彻，执行”。15. 选B。give in 意为“让步，屈服，上交”；give away 意为“分发，赠送，背弃，出卖，泄漏”； give off 意为“发出(光、热、声音、气味等)”；give out 意为“分发，散发，用完，耗尽，垮掉，失灵，出故障，发表，公布，发出(热、声音、信号等)”。16. 选A。live up to 意为“实践，做到”；stand up to 意为“勇敢地抵抗”；look up to 意为“尊敬，仰望”；run up to 意为“达到，积累到”。17.
25、 选D。turn in 意为“上交，归还”；turn into 意为“进入，(使)变成”；turn to 意为“转向，变成，求助于，致力于”；turn off 意为“关掉，避开”。18. 选C。see about 意为“查询，留意于”；look after和take care of均表示为“照顾，关心”；get down to 意为“开始认真考虑”。19. 选A。set out 意为“陈述，陈列，出发，开始”；set off 意为“出发，动身”；set over 意为“移交，置于上，指派管理”；set up意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创(纪录)，提出”。 20. 选A。take on 意为“
26、披上，呈现，具有，雇用，接纳，流行”；dress up 意为“打扮，装饰，伪装”；put on 意为“穿上，把放在上，装出，增加”；get into意为“进入，陷入，穿上”。 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging_emotion,_unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and even cancer.Anger
27、is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Some burst with anger, and scream and yell(咆哮). But others keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.For years many doctors thought t
28、hat repressing anger was more dangerous to a persons health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones(荷尔蒙). They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. In general the person feels excited and ready to act.Some d
29、octors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.Doctors say the solution is
30、 learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and
31、you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger.1“Damaging emotion” means that _.A. the emotion is harmlessB. the emotion is harmfulC
32、. the feeling is very strongD. the feeling is hard2Which of the following statements is right?A. Were you angry, you would be cancered.B. Once you are angry, you must be cancered.C. Angry as you are often, you cant be cancered.D. Anger may cause you to suffer from a cancer.3Expressing anger violentl
33、y _ repressing it according to some scientists.A. is just the same as B. is more harmful thanC. is no better than D. is much better than4According to the author, youd better _.A. never be angryB. cool down your anger before you express itC. laugh and laugh when you get angryD. admit you are wrong wh
34、en you are angry本文主要告诉读者愤怒是最危险的一种感情。因为如果人们处理不恰当的话，它就可以导致许多疾病。同时文章还指出处理愤怒的比较好的办法是从令你愤怒的事情中找到能让你感到快乐的东西，因为笑对人的健康有好处。1B。考查猜测词义题。根据damaging一词以及本段最后提到的可以引起许多疾病可知。2D。考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中最后一句可知。3C。考查细节理解。根据文章第四段第一句话可知。no better thanas bad as。4B。考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句话可知。众所周知，汉语语言中有很多的语言典故，同样，英语语言中也有很多典故。本文就讲述了一个
35、英语典故“Indian summer”的由来。Children are turning away from schoolwork because they see education as unhelpful to their ambition to become rich and famous as reality TV stars, a teaching union declares today.Their role models include David and Victoria Beckham and WAGswives and girlfriends of highly paid
36、footballersaccording to the Association of Teachers and Lecturers.It has put forward a suggestion for its annual conference this weekend saying that members are “terrified at the extent of the decline in this country into the admiration of celebrity(名人), which is perverting(扭曲) childrens ambitions a
37、nd expectations”. It adds: “This compounds the after sense of failure and low selfrespect when celebrity status is not achieved.”The union asked 300 teachers about whom their pupils modeled themselves on. More than half said David Beckham, Victoria Beckham, the former Spice Girl and selfprofessed fa
38、shion expert, was a role model for almost a third of girls.Almost two thirds of teachers said children they taught desired to be sports stars or pop singers. Many said their pupils sought to be famous with no recognizable talent. A third of teachers said that Paris Hilton, the heiress(继承人) of Hilton
39、 hotel, was a favorite role model.Julie Gilligan, a primary school teacher in Salford, said that she had seen and heard pupils imitating the behavior and language of footballers and pop stars in the playground and in school, “including disturbingly ageinappropriate acts by young girls in school tale
40、nt shows”Another member, Elizabeth Farrar, who teaches in a primary school near Scunthorpe, North Lincolnshire, said: “Too many of the pupils believe that academic success is unnecessary, because they will be able to access fame and fortune quite easily through a reality TV show.”Robert Sanders, a j
41、unior school teacher in Bath, said: “One girl said that she wished to be a WAG.”Mary Bousted, the general secretary of the association, said: “We are not surprised about the spread of celebrity culture in schoolsit reflects the current media obsession(着迷) with celebrities and the effect of celebrity
42、 culture on society as a whole. Celebrities can have a positive effect on pupils. They can raise pupils ambitions for the future.”“However, we are deeply concerned that many pupils believe celebrity status is available to everyone. They do not understand the hard work it takes to achieve such status
43、 and do not think it is important to be actively engaged in schoolwork as education is not needed for a celebrity status.”5Most children think that _.A. it is easy to be celebritiesB. it is difficult to be celebritiesC. education is very importantD. Victoria Beckham is their role model6According to
44、the members of Association of Teachers and Lecturers, which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Children they taught desired to be sports stars or pop singers.B. Paris Hilton was a role model for almost two thirds of girls.C. Celebrities can have a positive effect on pupils.D. Many children d
45、esired to be sports stars or pop singers.7The author wrote this article _.A. to criticize the celebrities negative effect on childrenB. to discuss the proper way to build the childrens right view of valueC. to praise the effort made by Association of Teachers and LecturersD. to show that children wa
46、nt to be famous and rich without good education and hard work8Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “compounds” in Para. 3?A. enriches B. worsensC. lightens D. reduces答案5A。推理判断题。从第七自然段及最后一段的内容可以推断出正确答案。6B。细节判断题。从第五自然段找出该答案。7D。深层理解题。本文旨在说明当今社会孩子追捧体育明星和电视明星而轻视学业的普遍现象。8B。词义猜测题。该词所在句意为“当名人地位实现不了，随之而来的失败感和自卑感就会加重”。- 9 - 版权所有高考资源网
