1、第四讲 定语从句 Part 真题变式体验12016北京高考I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.答案：whose 先行词为 a couple，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The couples children often make a lot of noise.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故答案为 whose。22016天津高考We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,_ the weather may be better.答
2、案：when 先行词为 next week，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The weather may be better next week.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，故答案为 when。32016浙江高考Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears,none of _ has been proved.答案：which 先行词为 theories，将先行词代入定语从句后为：None of the theories has been proved.由此可见先行词(指物)在定语从句中作介
3、词 of 的宾语，且介词 of 已被提前，故答案为 which。42016江苏高考Many young people,most of _ were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.答案：whom 先行词为 young people，指人，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Most of the young people were well-educated.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作介词 of 的宾语，故答案为 whom。52015湖南高考It is a truly delightful place,_ l
4、ooks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.答案：which 根据句子结构可知，此题为非限制性定语从句，且句中缺少主语，故用 which。62015陕西高考As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independent.答案：when 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词 time 是表时间
5、的名词；且定语从句中缺少状语，故用关系副词when。72015北京高考Opposite is St.Pauls Church,_ you can hear some lovely music.答案：where 分析句子结构可知，“_ you can hear some lovely music”是非限制性定语从句，where替代先行词St.Pauls Church在定语从句中作地点状语。82015天津高考The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.
6、答案：where 根据句子结构分析，先行词为 atmosphere,而其后的定语从句中不缺少主、宾、表等主要句式成分，只能填关系副词。如“atmosphere,case,point,situation,stage,activity,occasion”等表示抽象意义的名词为先行词，且定语从句中缺少状语的情况下，应用关系副词 where 引导定语从句。92015四川高考The books on the desk,_ covers are shiny,are prizes for us.答案：whose 根据句子结构分析，逗号后为定语从句，而句中主语 covers 与先行词 books 之间为所属关
7、系，故用 whose。102014重庆高考Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.答案：which/that 在本句中，先行词是 the sales targets，关系代词在定语从句中作 set 的宾语，所以填关系代词 which/that。设空处也可以不填，因为关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。Part 语篇真题演练阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。2014全国卷One morning,I was waiting at the bu
8、s stop,worried about _61_ (be)late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop,_62_ some of them looked very anxious and _63_ (disappoint).When the bus finally came,we all hurried on board.I got a place next _64_ the window,so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike _65_ (cat
9、ch)my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,but he refused _66_(stop)until we reached the next stop.Still,the boy kept _67_(ride).He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.Finally,when we came to the next stop,t
10、he boy ran up to the door of the bus.I heard an excited conversation.Then the driver stood up and asked,“_68_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh dear!Its _69_ (I)”She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.Everyone on the bus began talking
11、about what the boy had done,and the crowd of strangers _70_ (sudden)became friendly to one another.61_ 62._ 63._ 64._65_ 66._ 67._ 68._69_ 70._Step 1：通读全文，掌握主旨大意。本文讲述的是“我”坐在公交车上目睹了骑自行车的男孩一路狂追公交车的故事。Step 2：逐题解答，确定答案。61being。worried about 表示担忧，介词 about 后面应该跟名词或动名词。62and。空格前为句子，空格后亦是句子，由此判断中间需填连词。63dis
12、appointed。and 连接两个并列的成分，根据前面 anxious为形容词可知答案。disappoint 的形容词形式有两个，此处修饰人，故可知答案。64.to。根据语义可知，此处应为固定短语，表示“紧挨着窗户”。65caught。此处所在的句子中没出现谓语，故应填动词；根据全篇时态，故可知答案。66to_stop。refuse 后面应跟动词的不定式。67riding。keep 后面应该跟动词的形式作宾语。68Did。根据句子结构可知，此处应填助动词。根据语境可知答案。69me/mine。根据上文中的问题，此处填代词的宾格或名词性物主代词作表语。70suddenly。根据结构可知，此处修
13、饰动词 became，应用副词。Step 3：代入验证。需保证语法结构正确且语义符合逻辑，这样才能确保万无一失。知识清单(1)常见关系代词的用法：that,which,who,whom,whose,as；(2)关系副词的用法：where,when 与 why；(3)“介词关系代词”结构中，介词的来源；(4)定语从句与同位语从句的区别；(5)定语从句中的主谓一致；(6)只用 that 不用which 的情况以及只用which 不用 that 的情况；(7)关系代词与代词的用学情分析考生在定语从句的学习过程中存在着以下几个问题：(1)考生不能辨别定语从句的结构；(2)关系代词与关系副词的选择混乱，
14、不清楚关系代词与关系副词的使用情况；(3)习惯性地以翻译的方式来理解定语从句、同位语从句，而使自己陷入困境；(4)由于对句型结构分析不到位，经常出现代词与关系代词错用的情况。法区别；(8)定语从句与强调句型的混合考查。考点 关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,as等，关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语等。1who,whom,that 这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school who
15、 I met in the English speech contest last year.我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个学生成为了好朋友。2whose 既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语。指物时，“whose名词”可用“the名词of which”或“of whichthe名词”来代替。指人时“whose名词”可用“the名词of whom”或“of whomthe名词”来替代Do you know the boy whose handwriting is very beautiful?你认识那个书法非常漂亮的男孩吗？This is the house whose windo
16、w broke last night.This is the house,the window of which broke last night.This is the house,of which the window broke last night.这就是昨晚窗户被打破的那所房子。3.which,that 所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。There used to be much shade of an old tree in the middle of the yard,which gave us much cool in summer.过去，院子中央
17、的一棵古树遮成的大片树荫使我们在夏季非常凉爽。We hope the measures to control house prices,which are taken by the government，will succeed.我们希望政府采取的控制房价的措施会成功。4.指物时，关系代词 that 和 which 一般情况下可换用，但以下几种情况下一般用 that，而不用 which。(1)先行词是“all,everything,something,anything,nothing,none,few,little,much”等不定代词，或先行词被 all,every,some,any,no,
18、few,little 等修饰时。I have read all the books(that)you gave me.你给我的书我都已经读过了。错误!(2)先 行 词 被 形 容 词 的 最 高级或 序 数 词“the first，the second,.，the last”修饰时。This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。(3)先行词被“the only，the very，the right”等修饰时。The only thing that matters is to find our way home.唯一一件要紧的事情
19、是找到我们回家的路。(4)先行词既有人又有物时。They talked about the persons and things(that)they remembered in the school.他们谈论起他们记得的学校里的人和事。5在以下情况中，只能用 which，不能用 that。(1)在非限制性定语从句中，如果从句中缺少主语或宾语并指物，只能用 which。Our football team won the final,which made us excited.我们的足球队赢得了决赛，这使我们非常兴奋。(2)关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时，只能用 which。Th
20、e house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.过去我居住的房子变成了鞋店。典题 1 2016江西两校联考Of course whenever they turned to look at him,they had to look at Mary,_ made her feel like a star.答案 which 考查非限制性定语从句。从句中无主语，先行词指上文所提的事情，故填 which。典题 2 Children with parents _guidance is firm and reasonable are likel
21、y to possess high levels of self-confidence.答案 whose 考查定语从句用法。空格后的句子不缺少成分，但先行词与空格后的名词 guidance 之间有明确的所属关系，故填whose 作定语。典题 3 No one had tried to understand what the real problem was except the headmaster,_ helped me out simply by listening and hugging.答案 who 考查非限制性定语从句。从句中没有主语，先行词是 the headmaster，故用 w
22、ho。考点 关系副词引导的定语从句 当定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语、定语和表语时，要选用关系副词。其中 when,where,why 是常见的三个关系副词。when表时间的介词(如：in,on,at,during 等)which。where表地点的介词(如：in,at,on,under 等)which；why表原因的介词(如 for)which。1关系副词 when,where,why 的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where they live.现代人更加关
23、心他们居住的环境。The reason why I dont trust him is that he often tells lies.我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。注意：(1)当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point,situation,case,stage,family 等时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词 where 引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。Remember that there is still one point which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.记住在明天的
24、会议上我们还有一点必须弄清楚。Shes in a hopeless situation,where we will keep a very close eye on her.她处于无望的处境中，在这种情况下我们将密切注意她。(2)先行词 occasion 当“时机”讲时，用关系副词 when；当“场合”讲时，用关系副词 where。Please describe an occasion where you met real difficulties.请描述你遇到真正困境的场景。Occasions are rare when I have the time to spend a day with
25、 my kids.我有时间和孩子们度过一天的时机很少。2way 和 time 后接定语从句的情况。(1)当先行词是 way(意为“方式、方法”，且关系词在定语从句中作状语)时，引导定语从句的关系词可以是 that,in which 或省略。I dont like the way(that/in which)he looks at me.我不喜欢他看我的方式。(2)先行词是 time 时，若 time 作“次数”讲，应用关系代词 that引导定语从句，that 可省略；若 time 作“一段时间，时代”讲，应用关系副词 when 或“介词 at/duringwhich”引导定语从句。This i
26、s the first time(that)I have talked with a foreigner face to face.这是我第一次和一个外国人面对面交流。There was a time when I hated going to school.曾经有一段时间我讨厌上学。典题 4 2016北京朝阳区一模They will run an afterclass club _ kids can have fun and learn how to protect themselves.答案 where 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，且先行词在定语从句中充当地点状语，故填 where
27、。典题 5 Normally,they have three months in the spring when they gain more weight and the extra fat is used later,_ the beasts are not actively hunting.答案 when 考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，且先行词表时间，故填 when。考点“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句 掌握“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句，要注意以下几点：1 关系代词的确定在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有 which 和 whom。如果先行词是物，引导词用 which；如果
28、先行词是人，则引导词用 whom。This is the train on which I went to Shanghai.这就是我去上海所乘坐的那列火车。This is the student for whom I bought the dictionary.这就是我为他买词典的那个学生。2 介词的位置介词一般放在关系代词 which 和 whom 之前，但也可以放在原来的位置上。The house in which we live is very large.The house(which/that)we live in is very large.我们住的房子很大。This is th
29、e man from whom I learned the news.This is the man(that/whom)I learned the news from.就是这个男人，我从他那里得到的这个消息。注意：如果介词和句中动词组成固定词组时，这个介词一般不前置。,My youngest brother，whom I have to look after，is demanding.,我得照看我的小弟弟，真是让人费神。3 关系代词前介词的确定(1)依据定语从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配来确定。The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first
30、.我与之说话的那个人起初没有回答。(speak to)The West Lake,for which Hangzhou is famous,is a beautiful place.西湖是一个美丽的地方，杭州以此而闻名。(be famous for)(2)根据先行词来确定。Ill never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。(during the time)(3)根据所表达的意思来确定。Air,without which man cant live,is re
31、ally important.空气真的很重要，没有它人类就不能生存。(live without)4“名词/代词介词关系代词”结构此类结构常见的有“some/many/most/all/none/the largestofwhich/whom”等。Here are the questions,some of which I think are difficult for you.问题都在这儿，其中一些我认为对你来说很难。He has three sons,none of whom are doctors.他有三个儿子，没有一个是当医生的。5“复合介词短语关系代词 which”引导的定语从句，其从
32、句部分常与先行词用逗号隔开，且从句部分常用倒装语序。He lived in a big house,in front of which stood a big tree.他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵大树。6“介词which/whom不定式”结构The poor man has no house in which to live.The poor man has no house to live in.The poor man has no house in which he can live.那个穷人没房子住。典题 6 2016江苏五校联考Common sense requires us
33、 to get away from the concept that national boundaries are frontiers _ which knowledge may not spread.答案 across 考查“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句。介词与 spread 构成固定搭配，spread across“通过传播”，故填across。典题 7 Sixty-six Chinese athletes attended the 2014 Winter Olympics,three of_ won gold medals.答案 whom 考查定语从句用法。根据句意可知，此
34、处表示所有运动员中的三名获得金牌，表范围，且先行词指人，且引导的是非限制性定语从句，故应填 whom。考点 as 引导的定语从句 1as 作为关系代词，在定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时使用，通常先行词由 the same,as,such,so 等修饰时，关系代词用 as。They could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.他们只能读类似这样的一些简易英语改写的故事。(as 作主语)These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.这
35、些房子以人们期望的低价出售。(as 作宾语)This is the same knife as I lost.这把小刀和我丢的那把一样。(as 作宾语)注意：such.as.与 such.that.的区别such.as.中的 as 引导的是定语从句，而 such.that.中的 that引导的是结果状语从句。当 as 引导定语从句时，as 在从句中一般作主语或宾语，而 that 引导结果状语从句时，that 在从句中不作任何成分。This is such a difficult problem as all of us cant work out.这是一个我们所有人都不能解决的难题。(从句中的
36、 work out 缺少宾语，前面的 as 是关系代词，用作 work out 的宾语。)This is such a difficult problem that all of us cant work it out.这个问题很难，我们中无人能解决它。(从句是完整的句子，前面的 that 只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不作成分。)2关系代词 as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别(1)位置不同as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之前、之中或之后，而 which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后。As is often the case,little boys tend to
37、 be very active and out of control.小男孩总是很活泼好动，很难控制，这是常见的情况。Einstein,as is well known,is a famous scientist.众所周知，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。There was a bank around here,as I remember.我记得过去这儿附近有一家银行。He failed in the exam,which was unexpected.他考试没及格，这是意料之外的。(2)意义不同as 常译作“正如，像”，多用于下列习惯用语中：as anybody can see 正如人人都能看到
38、的那样；as is well knownas is known to all 众所周知；as we had expected 正如我们所预料的那样；as(it)often happens 正如经常发生的那样；as is often the case 情况通常是这样；as has been said before 如上所述；as is mentioned above 正如上面提到的；as I remember(it)正如我所记得的那样。which 常译作“这一点，这件事”，此时指前面主句所提到的那件事。He opposed the idea,as could be expected.不出所料，他
39、反对这个意见。Tom has made great progress,which makes his parents very happy.汤姆进步很大，这使他父母很高兴。(3)用法不同当非限制性定语从句是否定句或表示否定时只能用 which。He came here very late,which was unexpected(not expected)他来得很晚，这是未预料到的。当 as 在句中作主语时，后常接动词的被动语态。如：be known,be said,be reported 等。如果从句中动词是主动语态，一般用 which 作主语。She has been absent aga
40、in,as is expected.她又缺席了，正如预料的那样。典 题 8 2017 江 苏 扬 州 月 考 The Second World War,_ did the earlier one in 1914,promoted public concern about the physical and intellectual well-being of the countrys human resources.答案 as 考查 as 引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：正如更早的发生在 1914 年的那一次世界大战一样，第二次世界大战促进了公众对物质和精神健康的关注。as 意为“正如，就像”。考
41、点 定语从句的易错点 1关系代词 which/whom 与人称代词的用法区别(1)关系代词既指代先行词又要连接句子。典题 9 2017山东济南月考He was the lost boy that his parents were looking for him everywhere.(改错)答案 去掉 him 在两个分句中，必须有连词连接，故 that 不可以省去。而 him 与关系代词 that 指代的内容重叠，均是 the lost boy，因此需删掉 him。(2)关系代词与指代同为先行词的代词不能重复出现在定语从句中。典题 10 2016江苏五校一诊English is a langu
42、age shared by several diverse cultures,each of _ uses it differently.答案 which 两个分句之间无连词，该空应填关连词连接两个句子；同时，根据语义可知，此空代替的是 books，应用代词；两条件结合可知，此处填关系代词，先行词指物，故填 which。2定语从句与强调句型结合考查，在解此类型题时，要首先判断哪一部分为强调句型(强调句型强调的是句子中的一个完整成分)，然后再判断是否为定语从句。典题 11 Could it be in the restaurant _ you had dinner with me yesterd
43、ay _ you lost your handbag?答案 where；that 分析句子结构可以看出，该句中有一强调句型，首先假设第一空为强调句型中的 that，删掉 it could be 及第一空格，导致句子结构混乱，语义不明确，故第二空可知为强调句型中的 that；第一空前为名词，且与空格后的内容有一定关系，故可知为定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词表地点，故填 where。3利用定语从句中关系代词可以省略来考查其他知识点，其中定语从句起到的便是干扰作用。通常“名词名词句子”结构中，“第二个名词句子”为定语从句，修饰第一个名词。典题 12 The university in Fra
44、nce that I am applying for _(have)its own requirement.答案 has 此题中 that I am applying for 为定语从句，修饰先行词 the university，介词 for 与 have 无关。分析句式结构可知，该句主语为 the university，缺少谓语，故本空格应填谓语，结合语境可知填 has。NO.1解题步骤1.首先根据句子结构判断是否填连词；2根据定语从句通常修饰名词或代词这一特点，判断考查的内容是否是定语从句；3根据定语从句中的相关考点进行分析并确定答案。NO.2解题技巧1.若两个句子中间无连词，且跟在名词或
45、代词后，很可能考查定语从句中的关系词。2判断从句中是否缺主语、宾语、定语，如果缺少，则填关系代词。3若从句中不缺少主语、宾语、定语成分则要填关系副词或考虑“介词which/whom”。注意：1从句中缺少宾语的情况无外乎两种：,介词宾语 及物动词宾语,所以对从句中存在介词或及物动词的情况要引起高度重视。,2定语从句中的易错点要作为重点复习的内容，在平时阅读或做题时多加关注，并逐步形成一种纠错意识。典题 1 2017山东日照模拟Therefore,university is a place _ you attain knowledge,to develop your values and to a
46、ccept those who may be different.答案 where 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词 place 表示地点，故应填关系副词 where。典题 2 2016广东四校联考In the front row,were two men,both of _ has lost an arm in the war.答案 whom 考查“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句。介词后只能用 which/whom，而先行词指人，故填 whom。1.定语从句的独特性质：从句中的部分内容，即关系词指代的内容，与主句中的先行词重叠，可根据这一特点来判断是否考查定语从句的用法。2定语从句关
47、系词的选择方面，不能只单纯看先行词表时间、地点、原因，而应按常规的解题思路，从句中缺少的成分来确定。3在从句与先行词之间如果出现插入语时，可将其删除，以便能正确分析出句子成分，从而正确解题。建议用时：15 分钟Part.单句语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。12017浙江宁波模拟My parents are the most important for me,without _ support,I wouldnt have reached that far.答案：whose 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，但先行词与 support 之间存在所属关系，因此
48、填 whose。22017四川雅安中学月考When did you see the sponsor,Madam?It was on the weekend _ I was doing some shopping with my husband.答案：when 考查定语从句。先行词为 weekend，先行词又在从句中作时间状语，故用 when。此从句结构看似强调句型，实则省略了强调句型中 that.及其后所有内容。补充完整为：It was on the weekend when I was doing some shopping with my husband that I saw the sp
49、onsor.32017江苏如东中学期中Mensa is a society for bright people,and it aims to create a platform _ many think can provide the chance to share their thoughts and ideas.答案：which/that 分析从句结构不难发现 many think 为插入语，将其删去可知从句中缺少主语。这类句子出现时要首先将插入语去掉，以免造成误判，且先行词指物，故填 which/that。42017安徽合肥质检The movie Pompeii came out thi
50、s February，_ many people think brings a touching love story to the audience.答案：which 考查定语从句。从句中的 many people think 为插入语，将其删除可看出从句中缺少主语，并且从句为非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，故只能填 which。52017南京、盐城模拟As the dark horse,Chinas football team swept into the quarterfinals _ it lost to host country Australia.答案：where 考查定语从句。从句
51、中不缺少主语和宾语，故填关系副词，而本题中先行词比较特殊，quarterfinals 应视为地点对待，故应填关系副词 where。62016哈六中期末It is now a childrens festival,_ they can dress up and go to their neighbors homes to ask for sweets.答案：when 考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，且先行词表时间，故填 when。72016吉林松源三模Tom and Mike are my best friends,both of _ also like sports.答案：whom 考查
52、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句。介词后只能用 which/whom，且先行词指人，故填 whom。8It was in the small house _ was built with stones _ he spent his childhood.答案：which/that；that 考查定语从句与强调句型。分析句子结构可知，第一空为连词引导定语从句修饰 house，且从句中无主语，指物，故填 that/which 均可；第二空为强调句型中的 that。9On her birthday she received a present from her friend _ which a note
53、 was attached,saying“Wish you happy and healthy！”答案：to 考查定语从句。从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但 which在空格后可知，此处应该填介词。根据 be attached to 可知，此空填介词 to。10Running Man is such a funny reality show _ has the gravity to pull you in front of your television.答案：as 考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语，并且先行词由 such来修饰，因此只能填关系代词 as。Part.单句改错12017山东威海模拟I as
54、ked him what was the matter.He smiled and told us about the funny things what had happened in the cinema._答案：whatthat/which 分析句式可知，该从句位于指事物的名词之后，且从句缺少主语，该句应为定语从句，而 what 不引导定语从句，故改为 that/which。22017安徽淮南模拟After a while,I started thinking of my deskmate which always stops to pick up loose change._答案：wh
55、ichwho/that 考查定语从句的引导词。先行词指人，在句中作主语，故应用 who/that 而不能用 which,which 用来指事物。32017河北衡水模拟The festival lasts for a week,which famous singers and bands from around the world perform very brilliantly._答案：whichwhen 考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词表时间，故应改为关系副词 when。42016东北三省三校模拟Make sure that these pancakes are hot becau
56、se the customers just left a restaurant down the street where kept serving them cold ones._答案：wherethat/which 分析从句结构可知，从句中缺少主语，且先行词指物，故改为 which/that。5Above all,we hosted two British students last year,through thatweve gained lots of experience._答案：thatwhich 引导非限制性定语从句，且位于介词之后的关系词只能用 which 或 whom，先行词
57、指事，故改为 which。Part.语篇语法填空(重点考查定语从句)2017唐山模拟Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school?You will probably say _1_ they go to learn languages,arithmetic,history,science and some other knowledge.That is quite true;_2_ why do they learn these things?We send our children to school to prepare th
58、em for the time _3_ they will be big and will have to work for themselves.Nearly everything _4_ they study at school has some practical use in their life.But is that the only reason _5_ they go to school?There is more in education than just learning facts.We go to school to learn how to learn,_6_ wh
59、en we have left school we can continue to learn.A man _7_ really knows how to learn will always be successful,_8_ when he has to do something new,he will not only be able to do it well himself,he will also be able to teach others how to do it in the best way.The person _9_ is uneducated,on the other
60、 hand,is either unable to do something new,or just does it badly.The purpose of schools,_10_，is not to teach languages,arithmetic,history,science，etc.,but to teach pupils the way to learn.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._5_ 6._ 7._ 8._9_ 10._篇章导读：本文讲述的是我们为什么要上学以及教育的目的。1that 引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分也不缺少语义，所以用连接词 that。2but 因为前面有分
61、号，所以是简单句构成的句群，句子不缺少成分，根据意思用 but。3when 关系副词引导定语从句，从句不缺少成分，先行词是the time，所以用 when。4that 引导定语从句，从句缺少 study 的宾语，且先行词是everything，所以用 that。5why 引导定语从句，从句不缺少成分，先行词是 reason，所以用 why。6so that 引导目的状语从句，根据句子之间为因果关系，所以用 so that。7who/that 引导定语从句并作从句主语，修饰前面的 A man，所以用 who/that。8because 引导原因状语从句，根据句子之间为因果关系，所以用 because。9who/that 引导定语从句并作从句主语，修饰前面的 The person，所以用 who/that。10therefore 分析句子得知是简单句，根据意思是“因此”，且前后有逗号，所以用 therefore。
