1、上海市浦东外语学校2020-2021学年高一英语下学期5月月考考试试题（含解析）II. Grammar and vocabularySection A:Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. If a word is given, please use its proper form.As a young child. Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday obje
2、cts around her to create her own inventions.Now a iirst-year Arts student. Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneur. She won the 2015 Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence, _1_ recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems 一 the same recognition given to Barack O
3、bama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hol lew Flashlight and the c-Drink. have been causing excitement internationally _2_ their creation.At the age of 15. Makosinski created a prototype (I京型)ibr a ilashlight _3_ (power) by the heat of ones hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade scienc
4、e project, but Makosinskis goal was _4_ (offer) a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.Im hali-Filipino and hali-Polish. and one of my iriends irom the Philippines told me that she tailed school _5_ she couldnt aitbrd electricity. She had no light to study with
5、 at night so that was kind of the inspiration. Makosinski explained. Ive always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why dont I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles (珀耳贴贴片)that produce energy when one side
6、_6_ (heat) and the other side remains cool. The ilashlight can produce a steady beam of LED light ibr 20 minutes. _7_ (use) only the warmth of the human hand.Her advice to other student innovators? Start now. There _8_ be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school thi
7、nk Oh. Im a student. I just need to study? _9_ may think it important to make iriends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do _10_ you want. Just go ahead.【答案】1. which 2. since 3. powered 4. to offer 5. because/as 6. is heated 7. using 8. should/can/shall 9. Others
8、10. whatever【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了艺术系一年级学生Makosinski发明空心手电筒的故事。【1题详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：她获得了2015年可持续创业卓越奖，该奖项旨在嘉奖解决社会问题的创新商业方案，2014年获得该奖项表彰的是奥巴马。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词the 2015 Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence，指物，并在从句中作主语。故填which。【2题详解】考查连词。句意：她自己的发明，空心手电筒和电子饮料，自诞生以来就在国际上引起了轰动。since常与现在完成进行时连用
9、，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去。故填since。【3题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：15岁时，Makosinski发明了一种手电筒的原型，这种手电筒是由人手的热量驱动的。flashlight与power之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语。故填powered。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发明是Makosinski上九年级时一次科学作业的作品，不过她的目标是提出一个切实可行的方案，让人们可以不受限制地获取电能。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处说明主语goal的具体内容，应该用不定式作表语。故填to offer。【5题详解】考查连词。句意：我有一半菲律
10、宾血统一半波兰血统，我的一个菲律宾的朋友告诉我，她没能上学是因为她用不起电。根据句意可知前后是因果关系，此处表示原因。故填because/as。【6题详解】考查时态语态。句意：空心手电筒是由珀耳贴贴片制成的，当一面加热而另一面保持凉爽时，它就会产生能量。陈述的是客观事实，one side与heat之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is heated。【7题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：空心手电筒只用人手的热量就能发出20分钟稳定的LED光。The flashlight与use之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语。故填using。
11、【8题详解】考查情态动词。句意：现在就开始，没有什么能阻挡你。空后是动词原形，此处需要填情态动词，根据句意可知此处表示“能、会、应该”。故填should/can/shall。【9题详解】考查代词。句意：一些大学甚至高中的学生认为“哦，我是个学生。我只是需要学习”，另一些人可能认为交朋友和社交很重要。此处与前的some构成someothers的搭配，表示“一些人另一些人则”，在句中作主语。句子首字母大写。故填Others。【10题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你可以做任何你想做的事情，动手做吧。此处为宾语从句，从句中的want缺少宾语，表示“无论什么、任何”。故填whatever。Section B
12、:Choose the best answer iiom the box.A. reassured B. specialize C. dwindle D. immortality AB. assured AC. wreck AD. confined BC. split BD. exceed CD. opposed11. Increasing frailty meant that she was more and more_ to bed.12. We are strongly_ to the presence of America in this region.13. Females beco
13、me rare, causing fewer young dinosaurs to be born and species to_ to extinction.14. Expenses are deductible only to the extent that in aggregate they_ 7 percent of gross income.15. Yet it is feared the Republican leadership could_ over the agreement.16. In the book, the dying Socrates discusses the
14、possibility of the_ of the soul.17. Most of the employment agencies_ in some particular kind of work.18. They have_ her, but she still felt anxious.19. Last nights victory over Birmingham City has virtually_ them of promotion.20. Burning sulfur from the_ has forced evacuations from the area.【答案】11.
15、AD 12. CD 13. C 14. BD 15. BC 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. AB 20. AC【解析】【分析】【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：越来越虚弱意味着她越来越卧床不起。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用形容词confined（有限的，狭窄的），作was的表语。be confined to bed为固定搭配，意为“卧床不起”。故填AD。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们强烈反对美国在这一地区的存在。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应使用形容词opposed（反对的），作are的表语。故填CD。【13题详解】考查动词。句意：雌性恐龙变得稀有，导致很少幼恐龙出生，物
16、种减少到灭绝。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应填动词原形dwindle（减少），与to构成不定式。故填C。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：开支只有在总额超过总收入的7% 时才可以扣除。分析句子并根据句意可知，空处应填动词exceed（超过）。根据空前的are及they（复数）可知，应使用一般现在时，即原形。故填BD。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：然而，人们担心共和党领导层可能会因该协议而分裂。分析句子、根据句意及空前的could可知，空处应使用动词原形split，表达“分裂”之意。故填BC。【16题详解】考查名词。句意：在书中，垂死的苏格拉底讨论了灵魂不朽的可能性。分析句子、根据句意及空前的the
17、可知，空处应使用名词immortality，表达“不朽”之意。故填D。【17题详解】考查动词。句意：大多数职业介绍所专门从事某种特定的工作。分析句子并根据句意可知，句子应使用一般现在时，且主语Most of the employment agencies为复数，空处应使用动词原形specialize，表达“专门从事.”之意。故填B。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：他们让她放心，但她仍然感到焦虑。分析句子、根据句意及空前的have可知，空处应使用过去分词reassured，与have构成完成时，表达“让.放心”之意。故填A。【19题详解】考查动词。句意：昨晚对伯明翰的胜利实际上保证了他们晋级的机会
18、。分析句子、根据句意及空前的has可知，空处应使用动词assured，与has构成完成时，表达“保证”之意。故填AB。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：残骸燃烧的硫磺迫使人们撤离该地区。分析句子、根据句意及空前的the可知，空处应使用名词wreck，表达“残骸”之意。故填AC。Reading comprehensionSection A: Fill in the blank with a word or phrase that best iits the context.When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday,
19、 filled my pocket with coins. I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being_21_ with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my money for one. I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my w
20、histle, but_22_ all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the _23_ I had made, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my being stupid
21、 that I cried with vexation ( 烦 恼 ). Thinking about the matter gave me more _24_ than the whistle gave me pleasure._25_, this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so that often, when I was_26_ to buy something I did not need, I said to myself, “Dont give too much for
22、 the whistle, ” and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and_27_ the actions of men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the whistle.”If I knew a miser ( 守 财 奴 ) who_28_ every kind of comfortable living, all the pleasure of doing good to others, all the estee
23、m of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship, _29_ gathering and keeping wealth- “Poor man,” said I, “ you pay too dear for your whistle.” When I met a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but_30_ devoted himself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his hea
24、lth, “ Mistaken man, you are providing_31_ for yourself, instead of pleasure; you are paying too dear for your whistle.” If I saw someone fond of_32_ who has fine clothes, fine houses, fine furniture, fine earrings, all above his_33_, and for which he had run into debt, and ends his career in a pris
25、on. “Alas,” said I, “he has paid dear, very dear, for his whistle.”_34_, the miseries of mankind are largely due to their putting a(n) _35_ value on things - to giving “too much for their whistle.”21. A. facedB. charmedC. sympathizedD. provided22. A. disturbingB. attractingC. entertainingD. confusin
26、g23. A. troubleB. attemptC. choiceD. bargain24. A. satisfactionB. reliefC. annoyanceD. stress25 A. MoreoverB. ThereforeC. HoweverD. Indeed26. A. temptedB. determinedC. forcedD. persuaded27. A. tookB. observedC. admiredD. followed28. A. turned againstB. gave upC. cared aboutD. relied on29. A. in case
27、 ofB. instead ofC. for the sake ofD. in terms of30. A. merelyB. similarlyC. strangelyD. positively31. A. inconvenienceB. burdenC. frustrationD. pain32. A. appearanceB. wealthC. comfortsD. necessities33. A. demandB. fortuneC. standardD. value34. A. As a resultB. By contrastC. On averageD. In short35.
28、 A. unexpectedB. greatC. falseD. true【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者由儿时为一只哨子付出高昂的代价联系到生活中的几类人由于对事物价值的错误认识，他们为“哨子”付出的代价太大了。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被路上看到的一个男孩的哨声迷住了，我把所有的钱都给了他换了一个哨子。A. faced面对；B. charmed迷醉，吸引；C. sympathized
29、同情；D. provided提供。空后说我把所有的钱都给了这个男孩换了一个哨子，这说明我被他的哨声迷住了，be charmed with表示“给迷住”，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我回到家，吹着哨子在屋子里走来走去，对我的哨声感到非常高兴，但却打扰了全家人。A. disturbing打扰；B. attracting吸引；C. entertaining娱乐；D. confusing使迷惑。我吹着哨子满屋走，自然是打扰了全家人，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉我的兄弟姐妹和堂兄弟姐妹们我所做的交易时，他们说我付出的是哨子价值的四倍。A. trouble麻
30、烦；B. attempt试图；C. choice选择；D. bargain交易。上文说我用兜里所有的钱从那个陌生男孩手里换回了一个哨子，此处指的就是这个交易，故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一想到这件事，我的烦恼比哨子给我的快乐还多。A. satisfaction满意；B. relief减轻；C. annoyance恼火，烦恼；D. stress压力。空前说他们让我想起用剩下的钱可以买什么好东西，还嘲笑我的愚蠢，我气得哭了，因此此处是说这件事给我带来的烦恼，故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，它对我来说是很有用的，因为这种印象一直萦绕在我的脑海中，所以当我想买一些
31、我不需要的东西时，我常常对自己说，“不要为哨子付出太多”，这样我就省下了钱。A. Moreover此外；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Indeed的确。上文说这件事给我带来了烦恼，下文又说它对我来说是有用的，上下文是转折关系，故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tempted引诱，迷惑；B. determined决心；C. forced强迫；D. persuaded劝服。上文说我经不住哨声的诱惑，用兜里所有的钱换回了那个口哨子，此处说的是这件事给我的教训当我想买一些我不需要的东西时，我提醒自己“不要为哨子付出太多”，be tempted t
32、o do表示“受诱惑做某事、忍不住做某事”，故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我渐渐长大，步入社会，观察人们的行为，我想我遇到了许许多多为哨子付出太多的人。A. took拿走；B. observed观察；C. admired钦佩；D. followed跟随。根据空后的“the actions of men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the whistle”可知，通过观察人们的行为，我发现生活中有很多像儿时的我一样为哨子付出太多的人，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果
33、我认识一个守财奴，他为了敛财和守住财富，放弃了一切安逸的生活，放弃了一切行善的乐趣，放弃了所有同胞的尊敬，放弃了友谊的欢乐，我说：“可怜的人，你为你的哨子付出了太多的代价。”A. turned against背叛；B. gave up放弃；C. cared about关心；D. relied on依靠。空后的“every kind of comfortable living, all the pleasure of doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship”是守财
34、奴为了敛财和守住财富而放弃的东西，故选B。【29题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. in case of万一；B. instead of而不是；C. for the sake of为了；D. in terms of依照。根据空后的“gathering and keeping wealth”可知，守财奴放弃一切美好的东西只是为了敛财和守住他的财富，故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我遇到一个浪荡子，他既不努力提高自己的才智，也不努力增加自己的财富，而只是一味寻欢作乐，甚至糟蹋自己的健康，我说“错了，你给自己带来的是痛苦，而不是快乐；你为你的哨子付出的代价太大了”。A. me
35、rely仅仅、只是；B. similarly相似地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. positively积极地。根据空前的“did not try to improve his mind or his fortune ”可知，浪荡子只是一味地寻欢作乐，故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. inconvenience不便；B. burden负担；C. frustration挫折；D. pain痛苦。根据空后的“instead of pleasure”可知与“快乐”相对的自然是“痛苦”，故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我看到一个喜欢外表的人，他有漂亮的衣
36、服、漂亮的房子、漂亮的家具、漂亮的耳环，这些都超过了他的财富，他因此负债累累，最后在监狱里结束了他的余生，唉我说，唉，他为他的哨子付出了很大的代价。A. appearance外表；B. wealth财富；C. comforts安慰；D. necessities必需。根据空后提到的漂亮的衣服、漂亮的房子、漂亮的家居和漂亮的耳环可知此处指“外表”，故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. demand要求；B. fortune财富；C. standard标准；D. value价值。空后说他为此负债累累，这说明这些华丽的外表超出了他的财富，故选B。【34题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意
37、：简而言之，人类不幸在很大程度上是由于他们对事物价值的错误认识为他们的哨子付出了太多。A. As a result结果；B. By contrast相比之下；C. On average平均；D. In short简而言之。空后的“the miseries of mankind are largely due to their puffing a(n) _15_ value on things - to giving “too much for their whistle.”是对上文的总结，用in short引出，故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unexpected出
38、乎意料的；B. great伟大的；C. false错误的；D. extra额外的。上文提到的这几类人对事物价值的认识是错误的，故选C。Section BABEUINO (Associated Press美联社) China has a growing middle class, a tradition of expecting education and 21 million new babies every year. Selling educational toys should be easy.While China may be the worlds biggest toy maker
39、, many of the best are exported. Department stores here do not have enough high quality toys. It said that the demand ibr educational toys is low. A US company, Baby-Care, is tiying to change that with a new way to sell toys in China.Baby-Care works basically together with doctors in Beijing hospita
40、ls. People who join the companys mother club can get lectures and newsletters on baby and child development at no extra cost, if they agree to spend 18 dollars a month on the companys educational toys and childcare books.We want to build a seven year relationship, with those people. said Matthew J.
41、Estes, Baby-Cares president. It starts during pregnancy, when the anxiety and needs are highest. Baby-Care works on a one to one basis. Doctors, nurses, and teachers paid by Baby-Care advise parents, explain toys that are designed ibr children at each stage of development to age six.Baby-Care opened
42、 its first store in China last June in a shopping center in central Beijing and another near Beijing Zoo. It plans to have 80 stores in China within six years.It is a new model tor China and develops a market in young childrens education and health that no other companies are in.36. Which of the fol
43、lowing is a fact according to the passage?A. Club members buy Baby-Care products for free child care advice.B. Doctors in Beijing help in making Baby-Care products.C. Parents are encouraged to pay S1K ibr club activities.D. Baby-Care trains Chinese doctors at no extra cost.37. Baby-Care is developin
44、g its business in China by_.A. opening stores in Beijing hospitalsB. offering seven years courses on child careC. setting up childrens education centersD. forming close relationships with parents38. Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage?A. Mothers Club in ChinaB. Ba
45、by-Care and DoctorsC. American Company Baby-CareD. Educational Toys in China【答案】36. A 37. D 38. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍Baby-Care在中国销售儿童益智玩具为例，展现了中国巨大的益智玩具市场。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“People who join the companys mother club can get lectures and newsletters on baby and child development at no extra cost.(加
46、入该公司“母亲俱乐部”的人可以免费获得有关婴儿和儿童发展的讲座和时事通讯)”可知，俱乐部成员购买婴儿护理产品时可得到免费儿童护理建议。故选A项。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“We want to build a seven year relationship, with those people. said Matthew J. Estes, Baby-Cares president. It starts during pregnancy, when the anxiety and needs are highest.(我们希望与这些人建立为期七年的关系。” Baby-Care主席
47、Matthew J. Estes说。“这种情况始于怀孕期间，那时人们的焦虑和需求最高。”)”可推知，Baby-Care是通过与家长建立联系推动在中国事业的发展的。故选D项。【38题详解】主旨大意题。通读原文，并根据第一段“China has a growing middle class, a tradition of expecting education and 21 million new babies every year. Selling educational toys should be easy.(中国的中产阶级正在不断壮大，每年都有接受教育的传统和2100万新生儿。销售益智玩具
48、应该很容易)”可知，文章主要讲的是中国儿童益智玩具市场。由此可知，D项“中国的益智玩具”适合做本文标题。故选D项。BChinas domestically developed, long-acting experimental AIDS drug is undergoing a final review by the China Food and Drug Administration, the last stage in the approval process.Different from traditional oral drugs that require daily use, but
49、 its a heavy burden for patients to take medicine every day for years. As a result, long-acting drugs are the future direction in developing innovative AIDS medicine. For Chinese patients, the number of oral drugs available in the domestic market is very limited, so there is an urgent need for drugs
50、 to solve the problem of drug resistance.Zhao Yan, a treatment specialist at the National Center for AIDS said seven or eight oral drugs for AIDS are currently provided to patients for free. “The injection solution could give an alternative to patients . if it could be included in the countrys healt
51、h insurance system,” she said.“Now very few patients are using drugs from the health insurance system, both because no differentiated drugs are provided and because the procedure is more complex and could harm their privacy,” she said. “New drugs will be broadly used only if the system can embrace m
52、ore varieties of drugs.”Albuvirtide went into the research and development stage in 2002 and entered phase three of clinical trialsa step to assure safety and effectiveness before market approvalin 2014. Phase three is the last round of clinical trials for new drug tests in China. If the drug can pa
53、ss the reviews of the countrys drug watchdog, usually at least two rounds, it can then enter the market. The time needed for the review ranges from months to years.Clinical trials showed that the new drug performs even better than the oral drugs being used. Most of the oral drugs for AIDS being used
54、 in China are generic drugs developed in the 1970s and 80s that are not so efficient. In terms of safety and effectiveness, evidence so far showed that Albuvirtide is better than most second-line drugsdrugs used when first-line standard drugs failin developed countries because of lower toxicity (毒性)
55、 and fewer side effects.Worldwide, a number of long-acting AIDS drug are in development. None has been approved for sale. Only Albuvirtide and a few in the United States have entered phase three of clinical trials.39. Albuvirtide is _.A. a China-developed long-acting oral AIDS drugB. undergoing a cl
56、inical test on dogs to assure its safetyC. more efficient than other AIDS drugs and has fewer side effectsD. the only AIDS drug that has entered the last round of clinical trials40. Albuvirtide is good news for AIDS patients in China because _.A. its a new drug and they are not resistant to itB. it
57、is one of the most effective first-line drugsC. it has been included in the health insurance systemD. they can keep their privacy by being injected once a week41. Which of the following statements is FALSE?A. The research and development of Albuvirtide began in 2002.B. There are usually three phases
58、 in the clinical trial for a new drug.C. Albuvirtide is now in the stage of carrying out clinical trials.D. The time needed for review varies from drug to drug.42. We can infer from the passage that _.A. Albuvirtide can spare patients from taking oral drugs every dayB. the health insurance system ha
59、s room for further improvementC. most AIDS drugs being used now were developed in last centuryD. China is leading the whole world in the field of AIDS research【答案】39. C 40. A 41. C 42. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国研发的一种治疗艾滋病的长效药。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Clinical trials showed that the new drug performs even
60、better than the oral drugs being used.”可知，临床试验表明，这种新药的性能甚至优于正在使用的口服药，再根据“In terms of safety and effectiveness, evidence so far showed that Albuvirtide is better than most second-line drugsdrugs used when first-line standard drugs failin developed countries because of lower toxicity (毒性) and fewer si
61、de effects.”可知，从安全性和有效性的角度来看，迄今为止的证据表明，由于毒性较低和副作用少，发达国家的一线标准药物失败时，这种药优于大多数二线药物，也就是说这种药比其他艾滋病药物更有效，副作用更少，故C项正确。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For Chinese patients, the number of oral drugs available in the domestic market is very limited, so there is an urgent need for drugs to solve the problem of drug resist
62、ance.”可知，对于中国患者来说，目前国内市场上可供口服的药物数量非常有限，因此迫切需要药物来解决耐药问题，由此可知，这种新药对中国的艾滋病患者来说是个好消息是因为它解决了患者的抗药性问题，故A项正确。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“is undergoing a final review by the China Food and Drug Administration, the last stage in the approval process.”可知，这种新药目前正在接受中国食品药品监督管理局的最后一次审查，这是审批过程的最后一个阶段，由此可知，这种药目前正处于临床试验阶段
63、的说法是错误的，故C项正确。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Now very few patients are using drugs from the health insurance system,”及“New drugs will be broadly used only if the system can embrace more varieties of drugs.”可知，现在很少有病人使用医疗保险系统的药物，只有医疗保险系统能够容纳更多种类的药物，新药才会得到广泛应用，由此可知，医疗保险制度还需要进一步完善，故B项正确。【点睛】推理判断题的难度在于根据文章已知信息进行合
64、乎逻辑的推断，切不可凭借主观臆断，例如本篇第4题，根据第四段中的“Now very few patients are using drugs from the health insurance system,”及“New drugs will be broadly used only if the system can embrace more varieties of drugs.”可知，现在很少有病人使用医疗保险系统的药物，只有医疗保险系统能够容纳更多种类的药物，新药才会得到广泛应用，特别是“only if”表明医疗保险制度还需要进一步完善。Section CMore Clarity Ne
65、eded on Wage DebateThese days, the minimum wage has become something of a big issue in America. _43_ For supporters, 16.5 million low-wage workers could see an increase in their weekly earnings and 900.000 people could rise above the poverty line.Gap Inc. has decided to increase the minimum hourly r
66、ate it pays employees to $9 this year and then S10 next year. The companys announcement will effect 65.000 Gap employees by 2017. Clearly (iap officials believe the money they invest in higher wages will pay off in increased sales and customer satisfaction. Theres certainly nothing wrong with that.
67、_44_Also last week, Wal-Mart found itself at the center of the wages gossip when it was reported that the company was looking at supporting an increase in the minimum wage. _45_Wal-Mart spokeswoman Brooke Buchanan said the company remains neutral on the idea of a minimum wage increase, but obviously
68、 its something that we look at closely, as any other company would. She said that more than 99 percent of company associates are paid above the cunent minimum wage. It has been discussed how increased income ibr low-wage workers might translate into increased spending. So its reasonable to say that
69、a company like Wal-Mart could see a jump in sales if the minimum wage rose. _46_ That is assuming that consumer behavior would be. If they have more money, theyll spend more money. she said. That isnt always necessarily true. If we had a crystal ball, we could guess what consumer behavior would be i
70、:i the future if a minimum wage increase goes through. But you just cant.A. That turned out to be not exactly correct.B. But Buchanan warned against such an assumption.C. But a number of business organizations say it should remain untouched.D. But what works for a clothing company might not work for
71、 a different one.E. Raising the minimum wage is identified as a key way to address the income gap.F. For opponents a wage increase, increasing the minimum wage could reduce total employment by about 500.000 jobs.【答案】43. F 44. D 45. A 46. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章就“是否应该提高最低工资”阐述了截然不同的观点，有公司同意提高，有公司持中立态度。43
72、题详解】根据后文“For supporters, 16.5 million low-wage workers could see an increase in their weekly earnings and 900.000 people could rise above the poverty line.（在支持者看来，1650万低收入工人的周收入可能增加，90万人可能超过贫困线。）”中的supporters（支持者）可推出，前文应该提到“反对者”。F项“对于反对增加工资的人来说，提高最低工资可能会减少大约500,000个工作岗位。”中提到了“opponents”（反对者），符合题意。前后
73、逻辑合理，叙述一致。故选F项。【44题详解】前文“Gap Inc. has decided to increase the minimum hourly rate it pays employees to $9 this year and then S10 next year.（Gap公司已经决定提高员工的最低时薪，今年提高到9美元，明年提高到10美元。）”及“Theres certainly nothing wrong with that.（这当然没什么错。）”提出了Gap（时装品牌）决定提高最低工资。而根据下文“Wal-Mart spokeswoman Brooke Buchanan sa
74、id the company remains neutral on the idea of a minimum wage increase.( 沃尔玛发言人布鲁克 布坎南说，公司对提高最低工资保持中立。)”可知，沃尔玛却保持中立态度。D项“但适合一家服装公司的方法可能不适用于其他公司。”承上启下，指出行业之间可能对待提高最低薪资的态度不同，符合题意。故选D项。【45题详解】前文“Also last week, Wal-Mart found itself at the center of the wages gossip when it was reported that the company
75、 was looking at supporting an increase in the minimum wage.（也是在上周，当有报道称沃尔玛正在考虑支持提高最低工资时，沃尔玛成为了工资流言的中心。）”中提到，有报道称沃尔玛支持（supporting）提高最低工资。而下段“Wal-Mart spokeswoman Brooke Buchanan said the company remains neutral on the idea of a minimum wage increase.( 沃尔玛发言人Brooke Buchanan说，公司对提高最低工资保持中立。)”可知，沃尔玛却保持中
76、立态度，也就是说报道是不真实的。A项“事实证明这并不完全正确。”符合题意。故选A项。【46题详解】前文“So its reasonable to say that a company like Wal-Mart could see a jump in sales if the minimum wage rose.（因此，可以合理地说，如果最低工资上涨，像沃尔玛这样的公司的销售额可能会大幅增长。）”提到了最低工资上涨可能给沃尔玛这样的公司带来好处，而后文“That is assuming that consumer behavior would be. If they have more mon
77、ey, theyll spend more money. she said.（“这是假设消费者有更多的钱的前提下，他们就会花更多的钱。”她说。）”可知，这种好处是基于“消费者有更多钱”的假设（assuming）下才能成立。B项“但是Buchanan警告不要这样假设。”中的assumption与后文语义一致，叙述相关，逻辑合理。故选B项。III. Translation47. 协议中的许多细节问题得到及时解决，当地人已经从新政中获益。(iron)（汉译英）【答案】Many of the details of the agreement were ironed in time, and local
78、s have benefited from the new deal.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词（短语）、动词（短语）、介词短语及并列句等。表达“许多细节问题”应使用名词短语Many of the details；表达“协议中的”应使用介词短语of the agreement；表达“得到解决”应使用动词iron，与主语之间是被动关系，故应使用一般过去时的被动语态were ironed（由于主语details为复数）；表达“及时”应使用介词短语in time；表达“当地人”应使用名词locals（复数）；表达“从获益”应使用动词短语benefit from；表达“新政”应使用名词短语the
79、 new deal。由“已经”可知，此处应使用现在完成时。分析句子可知，前后是并列关系，应使用and引导两个分句。句子首字母大写。故翻译为Many of the details of the agreement were ironed in time, and locals have benefited from the new deal.48. 多亏了网络媒体，我们才能很快得知那家音乐公司利用那位著名歌手的死来赚钱的事实. (cash) （汉译英）【答案】Thanks to the Internet media, we soon learned about the fact that the
80、 music company cashed the famous singers death.【解析】【详解】考查时态和同位语从句。“多亏了网络媒体”翻译为Thanks to the Internet media；该句是复合句，含that引导的同位语从句，解释说明“（那家音乐公司利用那位著名歌手的死来赚钱）这一事实”the fact，且句子在描述一个过去的事实，所以句子用一般过去时；cash作及物动词讲时，意思是“将兑现”。故答案为Thanks to the Internet media, we soon learned about the fact that the music compan
81、y cashed the famous singers death.49. 没有人比霍金更伟大，因为他重塑了我们对身残志坚者的理解。(than) （汉译英）【答案】No one is greater than Hawking, because he has reshaped our understanding of what it means to be those who are broken in body but firm in spirit .【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词比较级、原因状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句等。表达“没有人”应使用名词短语no one；表达“比更伟大”应使用形
82、容词比较级be greater than；表达“因为”应该用because，引导原因状语从句，与主句用逗号隔开；表达“重塑对的理解”应使用动词短语reshape understanding of，分析句子并根据“了”可知，从句应使用现在完成时（he后的have reshaped应使用第三人称单数形式has reshaped）；表达“身残志坚者（是什么样子）”应使用what引导的宾语从句what it means to be those who was broken in body but firm in spirit .，作介词of的宾语。those为先行词后接who引导的定语从句。句子首字母
83、大写。故翻译为No one is greater than Hawking, because he has reshaped our understanding of what it means to be those who are broken in body but firm in spirit .50. 中国人民的优点之一是他们能在危机情形下保持镇定，这帮助他们快速恢复了社会公共秩序。(Among) （汉译英）【答案】Among the advantages of the Chinese people, one is that they can keep calm in a crisi
84、s situation, which has helped them to quickly restore social order.【解析】【详解】考查介词、名词短语、表语从句、动词短语及非限制性定语从句等。表达“的优点之一是”应使用句型Among the advantages of, one is，其中is后面跟表语从句，表语从句中的that不可省；表达“中国人民”应使用名词短语the Chinese people；表达“保持镇定”应使用动词短语keep calm；“在危机情况下”应使用介词短语in a crisis situation；根据原文中的逗号可知，应使用which引导的非限制性
85、定语从句，修饰整个主句；表达“帮助某人做某事”应使用动词短语help sb. to do sth.，且分析句子可知，此处应使用现在完成时，表示产生的影响；表达“恢复社会公共秩序”应使用动词短语restore social order；表达“快速”应使用副词quickly。句子首字母大写。故翻译为Among the advantages of the Chinese people, one is that they can keep calm in a crisis situation, which has helped them to quickly restore social order.
86、IV. Summary writing51. Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Moving My CurfewFor some time now, I have had an 8:00 p.m. curfewthe time by which I have to be at home, even on weekends. W
87、hen I was younger, I didnt really complain. But now I have reached an age when this curfew is no longer suitable. For several reasons, it is clearly time to move my curfew to 10:00 p.m. on weekends.First of all, Im soon going to be an adult. Like all teenagers, I need practice handling the greater f
88、reedom that goes along with being an adult. When teenagers dont get practice handling freedom, they often make many serious mistakes. For example, some teenagers go away to college and suddenly they dont know how to handle it, and they get into trouble. I believe it is better to increase freedom gra
89、dually. That way the teenager learns how to handle freedom responsibly. I believe I could handle a later curfew without making serious mistakes in judgment.A later curfew is also important to me because Im an active student. As you know, I am often on the committee in charge of running many extra-cu
90、rricular activities. Because of my present curfew, I have to finish school activities over an hour before they are over. Other students must take over for me when I leave. A 10:00 curfew would allow me to stay until the end of school functions and give me enough time to get home without rushing.Fina
91、lly, I am a teenager who can be trusted to handle a 10:00 p.m. curfew. I know that many teenagers cannot handle much responsibility. However, I am clearly not that kind of teenager. I have proven myself to be a very responsible person. For example, I have never been in serious trouble, either at sch
92、ool or in the community. I also hold a part-time job and still manage to maintain a “B” average in school. In other words, I am a person who uses my time wisely, meets responsibilities and stays out of trouble.【答案】Though still a teenager, the writer demands to come home later, especially at weekends
93、 for the following reasons. More time is needed to address greater freedom to achieve smooth transition to an adult. Besides, the writer can perform various duties at school without hurrying. Moreover, unlike others, he is responsible and can assign time wisely. (55 words)【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，尽管作者
94、还是一个青少年，但他要求回家晚一点，尤其是在周末，原因如下。他需要更多的时间来获得更大的自由，以顺利过渡到成年人。此外，作者可以在学校里不慌不忙地履行各种职责。此外，不像其他人，他是负责任的，可以明智地分配时间。【详解】要点摘录 When I was younger, I didnt really complain. But now I have reached an age when this curfew is no longer suitable. For several reasons, it is clearly time to move my curfew to 10:00 p.m
95、. on weekends. First of all, Im soon going to be an adult. Like all teenagers, I need practice handling the greater freedom that goes along with being an adult. A 10:00 curfew would allow me to stay until the end of school functions and give me enough time to get home without rushing. In other words
96、, I am a person who uses my time wisely, meets responsibilities and stays out of trouble.2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。 3遣词造句Though still a teenager, the writer demands to come home later, especially at weekends for the following reasons. More time is needed to address greater freedom to achieve
97、 smooth transition to an adult. Besides, the writer can perform various duties at school without hurrying. Moreover, unlike others, he is responsible and can assign time wisely.【点睛】高分句型1 Though still a teenager, the writer demands to come home later, especially at weekends for the following reasons.运用省略句对原文第一段进行了概括。高分句型2 More time is needed to address greater freedom to achieve smooth transition to an adult.用一般现在时的被动语态对第二段进行了概括。
