1、 Passage1A Tragedy or a Blessing是祸是福Years ago in Scotland, the Clark family had a dream. Clark and his wife worked hard and saved, making plans for their nine children and themselves to travel to the United States. After several years, they had saved enough money and had gotten passports and reserva
2、tions for the whole family on a new liner to the United States.许多年以前，在苏格兰，克拉克一家有一个梦想。克拉克夫妇努力工作攒钱，计划带着他们的九个孩子一家人去美国旅行。几年后，他们攒够了钱，并且拿到了护照，预订了一家人乘全新邮轮去美国的船票。The entire family was filled with anticipation and excitement about life in America. However, seven days before their departure, the youngest son
3、was bitten by a dog. The doctor sewed up the boy but hung a yellow sheet on the Clarks front door. Because of the possibility of rabies, they were being quarantined for fourteen days. 全家人都对美国生活充满了期待和兴奋之情 。然而就在还有七天就要出发的时候，小儿子被狗咬伤了。医生为这个男孩缝合了伤口，但是在克拉克家前门挂上了一张黄色的纸。因为 （男孩）有得狂犬病的可能性，他们要被隔离十四天。The familys
4、 dreams were dashed. They would not be able to make the trip to America as they had planned. The father, filled with disappointment and anger, stomped to the dock to watch the ship leave without the Clark family. The father shed tears of disappointment and cursed both his son and God for their misfo
5、rtune.全家人的梦想破灭了。他们不能按计划去美国旅行了。父亲满怀失望和气愤，在码头上顿足，看着轮船离开船上没有克拉克一家。父亲失望地哭了，他咒骂他的儿子和上帝给他们带来的不幸。Five days later, the tragic news spread throughout Scotlandthe mighty Titanic had sunk. The unsinkable ship had sunk, taking hundreds of lives with it. The Clark family was to have been on that ship, but becaus
6、e the son had been bitten by a dog , they were left behind in Scotland.五天之后，一个不幸的消息传遍了苏格兰巨大的泰坦尼克号沉没了。不沉之船沉没了，数以百计的人葬身海底。克拉克一家本来应该在那条船上的，但是因为儿子被狗咬伤了，他们被留在了苏格兰。When Mr. Clark heard the news, he hugged his son and thanked him for saving the family. He thanked God for saving their lives and turning what
7、 he felt was a tragedy into a blessing.当克拉克听到这个消息后，他紧紧地抱住他的儿子，感谢他救了全家人。他也感谢上帝挽救了他们的生命，因祸得福。Although we may not always understand, all things happen for a reason.尽管我们不一定明白所有的事情，但是所有事情的发生都有理由。Passage2Youth clubs keep kids out of troubleWhen children belong to a youth club，they gain a stronger sense of
8、 who they are as a person, an Ohio State University study has revealed. The study suggests that even small improvements in selfconcept can go a long way toward keeping children out of trouble.The more kids participate in these clubs, the better selfconcept they have，said Dawn AndersonButcher, an ass
9、ociate professor of social work at Ohio State.And then that selfconcept makes children less likely to engage in problem behaviors.Were finding that daily attendance(出席) isnt as important as whether the kids feel attached to the organization and have a good relationship with a staff member. Those two
10、 things predict the best outcomes and the least amount of vulnerability(脆弱性).Because club attendance is voluntary，some children come more frequently than others. They freely choose among recreational(娱乐的) activities (such as playing basketball), academic assistance, and life skill classes. This stud
11、y simply counted time spent at the club, and not childrens specific activities.The study revealed that the more children participated in the club, the stronger their sense of self was. Participation in the club strengthened their social skills as well.Strong relationships are built over time，Anderso
12、nButcher said. It takes time for children to develop an attachment to the clubto feel committed to it. And with that commitment comes the acceptance of norms(行为规范) and positive behaviors.Based on this latest study, the researchers suggested that clubs consider selfconcept as the center of their educ
13、ational programs.1.What advantages will attending youth clubs for children bring？_2.Why do some children come more frequently than others？_【答案】1.Children gain selfconcept and strengthen their social skills.2.Because club attendance is voluntary.立体式复习单词 A.基础单词1._adj.大量的2._v.存储；储蓄3._v.积累4._n.调整，调节5._a
14、dj.各种各样的6._v.辞职ks5uks5uks5u7._vt.删除8._vi.(使)收缩，缩小9._adj.宽大的，仁慈的10._n.相撞11._vt.着手做，从事12._vt.挤13._n.判决14._vt.废除15._vi.摇动B.词汇拓展16._adj.自愿的_v.&n.主动提供，自愿效劳；志愿者17._vt.统治，管理_n.政府，统治_n.统治者，管理者18._n.所有权_n.物主，所有人_vt.&adj.拥有；属于自己的19._n.版本_v.编辑_n.编辑，编辑人20._adv.所以，因此_n.结果，后果A.基础单词1.abundant2.deposit3.accumulate4
15、.adjustment5.diverse6.resign7.delete8.shrink9.merciful10.collision11.undertake12.squeeze13.sentence14.abolish15.swingB.词汇拓展16.voluntary；volunteer17.govern；government；governor18.ownership；owner；own19.edition；edit；editor20.consequently；consequence 重点词语解析1. on the increase正在增加；正在增长to be on the increase
16、正在增加，正在增长Police figures show that computer crimes are on the increase.警方提供的数据表明计算机犯罪正在增加。increase by 增加了increase to增加到了decrease n.& v.减少on the decrease 在减少2. deposit vt.& vi.存储；储蓄；寄存；使沉淀n.寄存物；存款；押金；沉积物Sometimes we try to deposit a little or change our money into different countries currencies in the
17、 hope that we can make even more money.有时，我们会尽力储蓄一些钱或将钱兑换成不同国家的货币，希望能够赚取更多的钱。deposit.in/into/on把放在；将存入deposit n. 存款；定金；押金make a deposit(of)办理(多少)存款put down a deposit(on)付()定金on deposit(被)储存着3. burden n. 重担；负担Instead，they feel like a burden because every month we have to hand over most of the money w
18、e earn to pay for them.相反，感觉它们就像一种负担，因为我们每月都要将挣来的大部分钱交出来付账。be a burden to sb.成为某人的负担burden vt. 负担；背负burden sb./oneself with sth.使某人负担某事be burdened with.背负着；负载着be burdened by.被所困扰；承受的负担4. worth adj.值得的；值钱的But many feel it would be worth it.但很多人觉得这是值得的。Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing wel
19、l.任何值得做的事都值得做好。 worth/worthy/worthwhileworthworth作形容词用时，表示值得的，价值的，只能作表语，但不可单独作表语，后面必须跟名词、代词或动名词。其结构为：worthyworthy是形容词，除作表语外，还可用作定语，意为值得的，有价值的，值得尊敬的，但不用于表示钱，而是表示某物或某事值得做，或者适合做某事，其结构为：worthwhile是一个词，为形容词，意为有价值的，合算的，值得做的，可用作表语或定语。it is /was worth while doing/to do值得做5. resign vt.& vi.辞职；使听从；委托His boss
20、insisted that he work longer hours so he resigned.他的老板坚持要他工作更长时间，所以他辞职了。resign from.辞去的职务resign as.辞去的职务resign sb. to sth.把某人托交给resign oneself to sth./doing听任，顺从，只好接受6. set up 建立；创立；竖立；资助(某人)开业It would be a good idea to set up a theatre group.建立一个戏剧团会是一个好主意。set off出发；动身(去某地)；引爆set out出发；动身；开始ks5uks5
21、uks5uset about doing sth.着手做某事set down写下；记下；下车set aside 留出；不顾；置于一旁7. take up开始从事；对有兴趣；接纳；占据.Id like to take up acting.我愿意从事表演。take back 收回；使回忆起take off脱下；起飞take over接受；接管take after与相像take apart拆卸，拆开take .as把当作，认为take away减去take(on)对发泄take down拆卸；记下，写下take out 带出去；除掉；取得take in接纳；接受；包括；领会；理解；欺骗take on
22、雇用；呈现；具有；同较量；承担；从事take.for.把认为是，把看作take to开始喜欢；开始从事，形成的习惯8. make up编造；弥补；整理；和解；化妆；制定；形成；构成；占But the teacher thought I was making up an excuse.但是老师认为我正在编造理由。ks5uks5uks5umake from/out of.用制成make.into制成；做成；使转变为make out填写；应付；理解make sure确认；确保make it及时赶到；成功；达到目的9. pick up捡起；收听；继续；无意间学会；接人；(偶然)结识，获得；恢复健康Th
23、ough sometimes my neighbour picks me up in the morning and takes me there in her car.尽管有时候我邻居早上接我，用她的车带我去那里。The children have picked up the local accent.孩子们学会了当地口音。I was able to pick you up on the short wave radio.我能用短波收音机收听到你(的信号)。10. more than不只是；不仅仅Nowadays，the word hutonghas come to mean more th
24、an just the alleys that connect the courtyards.现在，胡同这个词不仅仅指连接庭院的小巷子。more than的具体用法如下：more than名词，表示不只是，不仅仅 more than数词，表示多于，超过 more than形容词/分词/动词，表示非常，十分 more than句子(常含有情态动词)，表示超过所能 11. no doubt无疑地；很可能They supported each other when help was needed and shared the joy and sadness of everyday life，no d
25、oubt sharing recipes.当需要帮助时，他们相互支持，共同分享生活中的喜悦与烦恼，更不用说分享菜谱in doubt 不确定地；不肯定地beyond/without doubt毫无疑问without doubt无疑地；确定地There is no doubt that.毫无疑问There is some doubt whether/if.有疑问12. undertake vt.着手做，从事；承担；许诺Conditions improved a great deal and the government undertook the preservation of many of t
26、he oldest hutongs.胡同的条件得到了很大的改善，政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护。undertake sth.负责、承担某事undertake to do sth.答应做某事undertake that.承诺13. break in强行进入,破门而入;插话,训练某人/物Burglars had broken in while we were away.我们不在家时，窃贼闯进屋里了。break away from离开；脱离break out突然爆发break up拆散，打碎；分裂；崩溃break through突围；突破break down打破，毁掉；出毛病；(身体)垮了；恸
27、哭；分解break into强行闯入，突然开始(笑，唱等)14. sentence n.判决 vt.判决，宣判 Polly Fillers article last week was excellent as she condemns thesoftsentences given to criminals in this country.上周波莉菲勒的文章是优秀的，因为她谴责了给予这个国家中犯罪分子的软判决。serve ones sentence服刑under sentence of death被判处死刑sentence. to death 判处死刑sentence sb. to. in pr
28、ison 判处某人的监禁15. commit vt.犯(错或罪等)；承诺；保证；委托；托付My brother works as a police officer and he tells me that drug dealers and robbers can be out on the streets only a few weeks or months after committing their crimes，or even get let off with fines.我的哥哥是一个警察，他告诉我，犯了案的毒品贩子和抢劫者仅仅关上几周或者几个月，甚至罚了款后就会得到释放。commit
29、 oneself to (doing) sth./to do sth.承诺commit to sth./sb.全心全意地投入/忠于commit.to.把送进重点句型剖析1. We work hard so that we can earn more money.(P34)我们努力工作以便我们能挣更多的钱。so that.为了；以便，引导目的状语从句。that 从句中常用can，may，could，might，但美国口语中也用will。 so that 因此；所以(引导结果状语从句，一般用逗号和主句隔开)so.that.太以至于(so后面用形容词或副词；口语中that有时省略；若关联副词so用在
30、句首，则引起局部倒装)2. not.but.不是而是Not increased happiness，but stress and less free time to be ourselves and enjoy being with our friends and families.不是更多的幸福，而是增加的压力和更少的享受生活及与朋友和家人相聚的时间。not.but.连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数遵循就近原则，即谓语动词与but后的成分在人称和数上保持一致。用法类似的结构还有either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but(also).等。3. As a
31、society，its high time that we took these issues more seriously.作为一个社会，现在是我们更加认真地对待这些问题的时候了。Its time(that).现在该，句式中time前可加high，about等修饰词，用法不变。其后接that从句时要用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should动词原形，注意should不能省略。Its time for sth.是的时候了。Its time (for sb.)to do sth.It/This is序数词timethat.(从句中用现在完成时)It/That was序数词timethat
32、.(从句中用过去完成时)4. 说服在书面语中(1)用should/ought to动词原形的形式【温馨提示】should和ought to都表示应该，一般可以换用，但是should含有按我的想法应该的意思；ought to语气强烈，强调有责任、义务或按道理应该的意思。(2)有些动词后跟宾语从句时，从句的谓语用should动词原形，should可以省略。此类动词可以用一、二、三、四法进行记忆。一个坚持，即insist。两个命令，即order和command。三个建议，即suggest/advise；propose；recommend。四个要求，即demand；require；request；de
33、sire。【温馨提示】当suggest表示暗示、表明时，insist表示坚持说时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，用陈述语气。(3)在Its desired/suggested/required that.句型中，后面的主语从句的谓语用should动词原形的形式，should可以省略。5. They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs，which made it easier to keep an eye on peoples movements.然后他们就可以派兵把守各个胡同的入口，这样更便于留
34、意人们的举动。made it easier.是makeit宾补真正的宾语结构，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to keep an eye on peoples movements。动词it宾补真正的宾语(即6123结构)的具体用法：6指常用的动词：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel1指形式宾语it2指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词3指真正的宾语的三种形式：不定式、动名词和从句6. By connecting peoples homes，the hutongs in fact connected peoples lives，whether th
35、e lives of the rich or the lives of the ordinary citizens.胡同不仅使家家户户相通，实际上不论是富人还是穷人，他们的生活都被胡同联系起来了。句中whether.or.是固定句型，表示无论是还是，不管是还是。一般来说，用whether 可以构成whether.or.，whether.or not，whether or not.等结构。下面就whether的用法作出归纳：作是(还是)解时，whether表示一种选择，其后可以跟介词短语或不定式短语。作是否，会不会解时，whether 可用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语
36、从句。作不论是(还是)解时，whether引导让步状语从句。7. They suggest that because people are living longer，they ought to work longer，while governments need to establish a sound social security system.因为人们寿命更长了，他们建议他们也应延长工作时间，而政府也需要建立一套完善的社会保障体系。while在句子中表示而，然而，表示对比。while 作连词，其应用法还有： 期间；当的时候与同时 然；尽管再说；况且高考试题1体裁话题词数难度建议时间 议
37、论文 孩子成长326 8分钟（2016天津，D）When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better
38、marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. Boys who worked
39、 in the home or community gained competence(能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society, said George Vaillant, the psychologist(心理学家) who made the discovery. And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.Vaillants study followed these males in great detail
40、. Interviews were repeated at ages 25,31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the mens mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as
41、 boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found
42、that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.Working at any age is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence the underpinnings(基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand
43、that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isnt everything. As Tolstoy once said, One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love ones w
44、ork.46.What do we know about John?A. He enjoyed his career and marriage.B. He had few childhood playmates.C. He received little love from his family.D. He was envied by others in his childhood.47.Vaillants words in Paragraph 2 serve as.A. a description of personal values and social valuesB.an analys
45、is of how work was related to competenceC.an example for parents expectations of their childrenD.an explanation why some boys grew into happy men48.Vaillants team obtained their findings by.A. recording the boys effort in schoolB. evaluating the mens mental healthC. comparing different sets of score
46、sD. measuring the mens problem solving ability49.What does the underlined word sharp probably mean in Paragraph 4?A. Quick to react.B. Having a thin edge.C. Clear and definite.D. Sudden and rapid.50.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Competent adults know more about love than work.B. Em
47、otional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.D. Independence is the key to ones success.【语篇解读】一项研究表明，小时候劳动的男孩长大后更容易享受快乐的生活。46.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段中的He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier可知，约翰享受工作和婚姻带来的快乐。47.D 【解析】考查写作
48、意图。第二段的第二句话The study showed that those.than those who had not告诉我们，小时候劳动的男孩要比不劳动的男孩成年后更能享受生活且更富有创造性，后面紧接着引用Vaillant的话来进一步解释为什么有些男孩成年后会享受快乐的生活。48.C 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容可知，Vaillant的团队通过比较几组不同的得分情况得出了他们的结论。 49.C 【解析】考查词义猜测。根据画线词后面的Those who had done the most boyhood activities.less likely to have been un
49、employed可知，孩提时代的劳动和长大后的生活之间的联系是显而易见的。 50.B 【解析】考查推理判断。根据最后一段的内容可知，孩提时代的劳动能够培养一个人多方面的能力，这些能力正是情感健康的基础，同时也能帮助他们过上更快乐的生活。由此可推断出情感健康对享受精彩的成年生活十分重要。高考试题2体裁话题词数难度建议时间 议论文 英国社会阶级划分3288分钟（2015广东，D）It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics
50、.In recent years, many writers have begun to speak of the decline of class and classless society in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class.But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging study of public opinion found 90 percent of
51、 people still placing themselves in a particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society; and 52 percent thought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remains an important part of British soci
52、ety. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.One unchanging aspect of a British persons class position is accent. The words a person speaks tell her or his class. A study of British accents during the 1970s found that a voice sounding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most attractive vo
53、ice. Most people said this accent soundededucated and soft. The accents placed at the bottom in this study, on the other hand, were regional(地区的)city accents. These accents were seen as common and ugly. However, a similar study of British accents in the US turned these results upside down and placed
54、 some regional accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.In recent years, however, young upper middle-class people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to
55、 hide their class origins. This is an indication of class becoming unnoticed. However, the 1995 pop song Common People puts forward the view that though a middle-class person may want to live like common people they can never appreciate the reality of a working-class life.41.A recent study of public
56、 opinion shows that in modern Britain _.A.it is time to end class distinctionB. most people belong to middle classC.it is easy to recognize a persons classD. people regard themselves socially different42.The word stratification in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to_.A. varietyB. divisionC. authori
57、tyD. qualification43.The study in the US showed that BBC English was regarded as_.A. regionalB. educatedC. prejudicedD. unattractive44.British attitudes towards accent _.A. have a long traditionB. are based on regional statusC. are shared by the Americans D. have changed in recent years45.What is th
58、e main idea of the passage?A. The middle class is expanding.B.A persons accent reflects his class.C. Class is a key part of British society.D. Each class has unique characteristics.【语篇解读】这篇短文给我们讲述了在英国社会中，阶级划分是重要的一部分。作者在短文中给我们介绍了两项调查，通过调查的结果我们可以看到，英国社会里的阶级划分没有消失，它是英国社会重要的一部分。41.D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句对
59、调查结果的陈述可知，阶级意识在当代英国仍然很普遍。故选D。42.B 【解析】考查词义猜测。根据上文的it remains an important part of British society可知，英国人似乎喜欢(社会的)分层。43.D 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四段中的However，.placed some regional accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least 可知答案。44.A 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第四段中的 This suggests that British attitudes toward
60、s accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice可推知，英国人对口音的态度根深蒂固，且源于阶级偏见。45.C 【解析】考查主旨大意。本文主要讲的是阶级区分在英国社会中的普遍性。第三段中的yet it remains an important part of British society也是提示。高考试题三（2015浙江）Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, Ive watched one friend after another land high-ranking,
61、 high-paying Wall Street jobs. As executives (高级管理人员) with banks, consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now 21 on their way to impressive careers. By societys 22, they seem to have it made.On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life. As they left st
62、udent life behind, many had a 23 drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with longtime roommates, and 24 out of small apartments into high buildings. They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine 25 a college years monthly rent. They replaced their beloved
63、 old cars with expensive new sports cars.The thing is, a number of them have 26 that despite their success, they arent happy. Some 27 of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they 28. Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and
64、29. However, instead of devoting themselves to their work, they find themselves working to support the 30 to which they have so quickly become 31.People often speak of trying a more satisfying path, and 32 in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they 33 or finding a position
65、that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion: its 34. They have loans, bills, a mortgage (抵押贷款) to 15, retirement to save for. They recognize theres something 36 in their lives, but its 37 to step off the track.In a society that tends to 38 every
66、thing in terms of dollars and cents, we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our 39 in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs 40 in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore and the very ones we need to consider most
67、.21.A. muchB. neverC. seldomD. well22.A. policiesB. standardsC. experimentsD. regulations23.A. lastB. leastC. secondD. best24.A. cycledB. movedC. slidD. looked25.A. sharedB. paidC. equaledD. collected26.A. advertisedB. witnessedC. admittedD. demanded27.A. complainB. dreamC. hearD. approve28.A. distr
68、ibuteB. hateC. applaudD. neglect29.A. calmB. guiltyC. warmD. empty30.A. familyB. governmentC. lifestyleD. project31.A. accustomedB. appointedC. uniqueD. available32.A. yetB. alsoC. insteadD. rather13.A. let outB. turn inC. give upD. believe in34.A. fundamentalB. practicalC. impossibleD. unforgettabl
69、e35.A. take offB. drop offC. put offD. pay off36.A. missingB. inspiringC. sinkingD. shining37.A. harmfulB. hardC. usefulD. normal38.A. measureB. sufferC. digestD. deliver39.A. disastersB. motivationsC. campaignsD. decisions40.A. assessedB. involvedC. coveredD. reduced【语篇解读】讲述作者大学毕业后在工作和生活体验中理解了成功的真正
70、含义，指出物质上的成功和享受并不代表精神的富足和幸福这一价值趋向。21.D 文章开头提到:作者从哈佛和牛津毕业后， 看到一个个朋友高官厚禄， 事业有成， 再根据空后的on their way to impressive careers可知应选D。well顺利地，令人满意地。22.B 根据第一段的描述可知， 按照社会的标准来看，他们似乎成功了。standard标准， 符合语境。3.A 从上文中的As they left student life behind可知， 这是他们在这个便宜但友好的当地酒吧的最后(last)一杯。故选A。24.B 第二段主要讲这些表面看似幸运的人在生活上的一些变化，因此
71、此处表示从小公寓里搬(moved)出， 搬进高楼里。25.C 这些人预订饭店，那里一瓶酒的费用相当于大学里的月租金。equal(在大小、数字、数量上)等于， 符合语境。26.C 根据空后的despite their success， they arent happy可知， 他们中的许多人承认(admitted)尽管他们成功，但他们不快乐。 27. A 根据空后的of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks可知， complain抱怨，符合语境。 28.B 从上文中的feel sad
72、for可知， 空前的tasks是他们不喜欢的。A项意为(尤指有计划地)分发；B项意为不喜欢，讨厌；C项意为(为)鼓掌；D项意为忽略，忽视。因此选B。 29.D 根据上文中的Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and可知， 他们不尊重他们的公司，并且他们感觉累和空虚。 根据语境可知，空处与tired并列， 故empty寂寥的，空虚的，符合语境。 30.C 然而， 他们并没有投入到他们的工作， 他们发现他们工作只是为了维持一种他们很快已经适应了的生活模式。31.A 参见上题解析。A项意为
73、习惯的; B项意为指定的; C项意为独特的， 独一无二的;D项意为可用的，可获得的。故A项符合语境。32.A 根据上文中的People often. path和下文中的the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something.leads them to the same conclusion.可知， 人们经常说想尝试一份更满意的工作， 但这种想法最终都落下同样的结局。 因此此处选yet但是， 然而表示转折。33.D 根据上文中的leaving their jobs to work for.可知， 他们离开原来的工作是想做他们认为更加满意的工作。A
74、项意为泄露(消息、秘密等)， 透露；B项意为上交； C项意为放弃；项意为认为某事好(或对、可接受)，信任， 信赖。所以D项符合语境。34.C 下文中提到他们有借款、账单， 要还清抵押贷款和为退休存钱， 所以， 要实现他们前面的想法是不可能的。impossible不可能的， 符合语境。35.D 此处表示有抵押贷款需要还清， 所以选D。pay off付清(还清)债务。36.A 他们承认他们这样的生活有所缺失， 但是从这种模式中走出来却又很难。 A项意为丢失的；B项意为鼓舞人心的；C项意为下沉的； D项意为明亮的， 闪光的。故选A。37.B 参见上题解析。hard困难的， 不易的， 符合语境。38.
75、A 在一个趋向于以金钱来衡量一切的社会， 我们从小就知道从金钱的角度来考虑我们的决定。measure意为衡量， 测量， 符合语境。39.D A项意为灾难； B项意为动机； C项意为运动， 活动；D项意为决定。此处表示我们从小就知道从金钱的角度来考虑我们的决定， 所以选D。40.B 根据下文中的These are.to consider most可知，那正是我们许多人忽视的价值， 正是我们最需要考虑的价值。所以，此处选involved， be involved in .意为涉及。此处意为:追求金钱至上， 那么与此同时的个人和社会价值呢?I.阅读理解Passage1体裁话题词数难度建议时间 议论文
76、消费者行为学3656分钟Consumer BehaviorConsumer behavior is the behavior that consumers, either people or organizations, show in seeking, purchasing, using, evaluating and disposing of (处理掉) products and services. The study of consumer behavior is the study of how people make decisions to spend their availabl
77、e resources on products and services.All consumers face varying problems to which solutions are vital to the existence of most people, and the economic well-being of all. The process is complex, as choices must be made regarding what, why, how, when, where and how often to buy an item. The answers t
78、o these questions would provide companies with important input for product design improvement and marketing strategy.The person who purchases a product is not always the only user of the product. Nor is the purchaser necessarily the person who makes the decision or pays for the product. Thus the mar
79、ketplace activities of people have three functions: the consumer, the person who uses the product or service; the purchaser, the person who carries out the activities to get the product or service; and the payer, the person who provides the money or other objects of value to obtain the product or se
80、rvice. Marketers must decide whom to direct their marketing efforts toward. For some products or services, they must find the person who is most likely to influence the decision. Some marketers believe that the buyer of the products is the best choice; others believe it is the user of the product, w
81、hile still others play it safe by directing their promotional efforts to both buyers and users.In addition to studying how consumers use the products they buy, consumer researchers are also interested in how people dispose of their once-new purchases when they are finished with them because the mark
82、eters must match production to the frequency with which consumers buy replacements. It is also important to society as a whole, as solid waste disposal has become a major environmental problem that marketers must address in their development of products and packaging. Many companies have begun to re
83、produce old components to install in new products, because reproducing is often cheaper, easier and more efficient than recycling.1.What does consumer behavior study?A. What makes people satisfied with products or services.B. When the producers make improvement on product designs.C. How people decid
84、e to spend money on products or services.D. How often people purchase products or services in real life.2.What can be inferred from the passage?A. Payers of products or services are in fact purchasers.B. Purchasing decisions are not connected to peoples well-being.C. Marketers agree to direct their
85、promotional efforts to only users.D. Planning ways of exposing products to potential consumers is marketers job.3.From the passage we can learn that companies would prefer to _.A. make their products last a longer timeB. pay for the cost of recycling materialsC. spend more money on packagingD. limit
86、 the choices of consumersPassage2体裁话题词数难度建议时间 议论文 美国应该熟悉外国文化4366分钟Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving goodbye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines
87、to ones side，or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries，curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that Gift means poison
88、in German. Moreover，we like to think of ourselves as friendly，yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arms length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch，which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic(语言的)and cultural blindness and the casualness with which
89、 we take notice of the developed tastes，gestures，customs and languages of other countries，are losing our friends，business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States，we make few concessions(让步) to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our publ
90、ic buildings or monuments；we do not have multilingual (多语的) guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations，and multilingual waiters，bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go
91、 abroad，we tend to stay in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those nativesusually the richerwho speak English. Our business dealings，as well as the nations diplomacy (外交)，are conducted through interpreters.For many years，Ameri
92、ca and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all，America was the most powerful country of the free world，the distributor(分发者)of needed funds and goods.ks5uks5uks5uBut all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things，and we are slowly beginning
93、 to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century，even though it may not always be the upper han
94、d.4.It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably_.A. stand stillB. jump asideC. step forwardD. draw back5.In countries other than their own，most Americans _.A. are isolated by the local peopleB. are not well informed due to the language barr
95、ierC. tend to get along well with the nativesD. need interpreters in hotels and restaurants6.According to the author，Americans cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will_.A. affect their image in the new eraB. cut themselves off from the outside worldC. limit their role in world affairsD. weak
96、en the position of the US dollar7.The author intends to make Americans realize that it is _.A. dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsks5uks5uKs5u.ComB. important to maintain their leading role in world affairsC. necessary to use several languages in public placesD. time to get familiar with other
97、 culturesII.语法填空 Online shopping is coming into fashion in most cities, where people are able to make full use of the rapidly-developed internet technology. Nowadays, can we find a person1has not experienced online shopping? Definitely not.Online shopping1(welcome) by most people due to various reas
98、ons. From the perspective of consumers, it can save some time for people who dont have much spare time. Just click the mouse, and they can get whatever they want while staying at home. For the retailers, it can cut some costs for those who dont have much circulating funds.3(compare) with the traditi
99、onal trade mode, they dont have to spend money in renting a house. However, there are still some4(advantage) in online shopping. First, a face-to-face deal makes online shopping less 5(rely) and trustworthy. Second, people will lose 6fun of bargain.7is undeniable that shopping on the Internet has be
100、come an irresistible trend in modern society. Its 8(true) urgent that we need to make the relative laws9the rapid growth of online shopping. Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience of online shopping without the concern of10(cheat).I.阅读理解Passage1【语篇解读】本文是一篇关于消费者行为学的社会类阅读，属于有难度的阅读类
101、型。1.C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据原文第一段最后一句The study of consumer behavior is the study of how people make decisions to spend their available resources on products and services.可知与C项意思相同，故选C。2.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中The person who purchases a product is not always the only user of the product.可知市场人员要将产品推销给那些潜在的消费者。故选D项。
102、3.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容Many companies have begun to reproduce old components to install in new products, because reproducing is often cheaper, easier and more efficient than recycling.可知很多公司都将自己的产品老酒新装变成新的产品，因为这样成本更低，也能够让产品在市场上维持更久，故应选A项。Passage2【语篇解读】美国人认为自己的语言和手势已经全球通用。但是他们没有意识到别的文化与自己文化间的不同，也不会为别
103、的文化需求让步。由于美国人对文化的无知，正在使本国失去国际上的优势地位。所以作者号召大家应该熟悉外国文化。4.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch，which makes Americans uncomfortable.可知中东人喜欢靠近和身体接触，但是美国人不喜欢。所以当中东人靠近的时候，美国人会后退。故答案为D。5.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据When we go abroad，we tend to stay in hotels and restaurants where Engli
104、sh is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those nativesusually the richerwho speak English.可知在国外，美国人往往聚集在讲英语的旅馆、餐馆里。人们对他们的态度以及所获取的信息都是通过讲英语的当地人翻译得来的。故答案为B。6.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据Our linguistic(语言的)and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the dev
105、eloped tastes，gestures，customs and languages of other countries，are losing our friends，business and respect in the world.和But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things，and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing.可知美国人对语言、文化的无知正在使他们失去朋友，
106、错过商机，丧失威信。美国人已经开始意识到他们在世界上应该扮演的角色正在发生变化。故答案为C。7.D 【解析】主旨大意题。文章开头提到美国人认为自己的语言和手势已经全球通用。但是他们没有意识到别的文化与自己文化间的不同，也不会为别的文化需求让步。最后作者提到由于美国人对文化的无知，正在使本国失去国际上的优势地位。所以作者号召大家应该熟悉外国文化。故答案为D。II.语法填空 【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，说明了网上购物的优势以及劣势，并教育我们制定与之相一致的法律保护网购人群的利益。1.who/that本题定语从句的先行词是a person，指人，关系代词who/that指代先行词，引导这个定语从句
107、并在句中做主语。故填who/that。2.is welcomed句意：由于各种原因，网上购物受到很多人的欢迎。本句主语online shopping与动词welcome构成被动关系，所以使用is welcomed表示被动。故填is welcomed。3.Compared句意：和传统的交易模式相比，他们不必花钱租房子。They和compare是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。故填Compared。4.disadvantages根据下文First, a face-to-face deal makes online shopping less (rely) and trustworthy.可知，这里介绍
108、网购的缺点（disadvantage），这是可数名词，和some搭配用复数。故填disadvantages。5.reliable横线后面有并列连词and，说明横线上应该使用形容词和trustworthy构成并列关系，动词rely的形容词形式是reliable。故填reliable。6.the本句中名词fun的后面有介词短语of bargain修饰，说明表示特指，所以使用定冠词the修饰。故填the。7.It英语中只有it可以做形式主语和形式宾语。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that引导的主语从句。故填It。8.truly修饰形容词urgent用副词。故填truly。9.with这里表示随着网购的快速发展。with表示随着。故填with。10.being cheated介词of后面接动名词，we和cheat是被动关系。故填being cheated。版权所有：高考资源网()
