1、2011年高考英语冲刺押题系列-阅读理解（科普类）1、（福州市2011届高三年级第一次质量检查） Who hasnt found themselves reaching for the closest food available when theyre tired and stressed? More and more research is proving that this isnt all in our mindSome foods really do lead to a change in our moods(心情) Carbohydrate(碳水化合物)for calm This
2、is how some people medicate themselves with foodby reaching for cookies or pasta(意大利面食)whenever theyre upsetUnfortunately，it doesnt always workYou must eat a meal consisting of 100carbohydrate，on an empty stomach，to obtain the serotonin(血清素)increase so that you have a good mood To get the wished-For
3、 effectyou must not eat anything for four hours and then eat at least 30 grams of straight carbohydrateDry cereal(谷类食品)，a piece of bread with jam，or a potato should do the trick Protein(蛋白质)for power Of coursesometimes we dont need to be calm and sleepySometimes we need a great deal of mental concen
4、tration，so this is when its important to mix protein and carbohydrateThe protein will prevent the tryptophan(色氨酸)from flooding your brain，and the rise in serotonin wont occur Why dessert makes us happy Fat and sugar cause the brain to let go endorphins(内啡肽)，which send pleasure signals throughout the
5、 bodyThis would be fine，except humans are not particularly good at stopping at one cookie or cake You can also satisfy your sweet tooth by choosing fruit for dessert Timing your meals for energy Blood sugar drops after four hours of going without food，causing a decrease in energyEating usually fixes
6、 this within 20 to 30 minutes，but dont suppose that eating more will cause a faster increase in energy. When you eat has as much of an effect on your mood as what you eat. If you regularly go for a long period of time between meals，rethink your schedule and plan ahead.(1)The underlined phrase in the
7、 third paragraph means_.A. be extremely smartB. intend to cheat someoneC. bring about the desired result D. do something to amuse people(2)The function of protein is_.A. to help you keep calm-and-sleepyB. to make you feel energeticC. to lead you to slownessD. to increase serotonin in your brain(3)We
8、 can infer from the last two parts that_.A. fat and sugar can greatly help people feel happyB. we humans tend to eat lots of cookies and cakesC. the more we eat, the faster we will gain energyD. what we eat is more important than when we eat(4)The main idea of the passage is_.A. eating for a better
9、mood B. eating to make you calmC. eating for more protein D. eating to make us strong2、（浙江省温州市2011年高三第一次适应性测试） Every time Brisa shoos for cooking oil，she checks the label to make sure she is not buying genetically-modified(GM转基因) soy oil. I am not sure whether GM food is safe or not. It just sounds
10、scaring. said Brisa，a 47-year-old food safety-conscious Consumer who works in a hospital as an accountant. I prefer non-GM soy oil，although it is more expensive than GM oil. While there has been no evidence to show GM food is harmful to humans, argument about it has arisen after the Ministry of Agri
11、culture gave permission to two pest-resistant(抗病虫的)GM rice varieties and a com variety in November last yeara major step in promoting the research and planting of GM crops. Officials，researchers and scientists are divided over whether and when GM food should be put in to market. Supporters and oppon
12、ents(反对者)have also been facing off over environmental safety and economic security issues. The government has put food security high in its national development plans. National grain output reached 531 million tons last year，government data showed. But summer grain output fell by 0.3 percent this ye
13、ar to 123.1 million tons because of drought and low temperatures in grain-producing regions. With all increasing population and inure natural disasters. policy makers are eyeing technology as a solution and hoping disease-resistant and high-yield(高产的)crops developed by GM I technology will help solv
14、e the growing problem of food shortages. Supporters of GM food believe that such crops will help increase output and reduce the pressure on food supply caused by decreasing farmlands and frequent natural disasters in the world. GM crops have also fewer insects and diseases，which means they are safer
15、 for human beings and the environment，they argue. However，opponents say any GM food，as a completely new product. should be absolutely safe before it is made available to the public. They argue that if insects dont eat GM crops，how can you expect people to eat them? In 2006,countries that grew 97of t
16、he global GM crops were the United States(53)，Argentina(17)，Brazil (11)，Canada(6)，India(4)，China(3)，Paraguay(2)and South Africa(1).The next decade will see great progress in GM product development. Technologies for GM foods offer dramatic promise for meeting some of the 21st Centurys greatest challe
17、nges. Like all new technologies. they also have some risks, both known and unknown. Debates surrounding GM foods and crops commonly focus on human and environmental safety，labeling and consumer choice，intellectual property rights，food security，poverty reduction，and environmental protection. (2)The u
18、nderlined phrasefacing offmeans_. A. turning against each other B. supporting each other C. 1poking down on each other D. suspecting each other(3)It is implied in the passage that_. A. GM crops have no diseases B. food shortage is a bin threat C. GM crops reduce the output D. non-GM foods are not sa
19、fe(4)The writer wishes us to_. A. accept GM foods happily B. reject GM foods bravely C. participate in the debate D. know about the argument【解析】转基因食品，是福还是祸?在本文中，作者向我们详细介绍了转基因作物和食物方面的知识，从而让读者自己去探索转基因的是与非。 (1)B 事实细节题。从文章第二段中的“argument about it has arisen after the Ministry of Agriculture gave permissi
20、on.”可知，当农业部允许转基因作物种植后，人们便开始了对转基因食品可能的危害性的争论，所以答案选B项。(2)A词义理解题。从文章第三段内容可知官员、研究人员和科学家就转基因食物是否应该投入市场和什么时候投入市场这个问题产生分歧，同时支持者和反对者在环境安全和经济安全问题上也产生对峙，由此可知face off在文中表示“对峙，和对抗”故选A项。(3)B逻辑推理题。从文章第五段内容可知随着人口的快速增长，自然灾害频繁发生，政策制定者希望转基因技术能生产出抗病的、高产的农作物以此来帮助解决食物短缺的问题。由此可推知食物短缺是个大问题，据此选B项。(4)D作者意图题。从全文可知，作者告诉读者一些人们
21、对转基因作物和食物的争论，但他自己却没阐述自己的观点，由此可知答案选D项。3、（济南市2011届高三教学质量调研） Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops. New research has determined that the ability to quantify develop much sooner than most parents realize. Kristy vanMarle, professor of the University of Missouri, has determi
22、ned that contrary to what previous studies have shown, infants(婴儿)are able to quantify substances(物质)like sand or wateras early as 10 months. As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough, infants will choose the larger amount，especially when it comes to food. With the assista
23、nce of her team researchers, vanMarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting them with two cups：one containing a small amount of food, and one containing a larger amount. Consistently, the babies chose the larger amount. Several studies throughout the last 15 years have shown that inf
24、ants are very good at telling how many objects they see；however, infants dont seem to count things like water or sand. vanMarle said. What were saying is that they can quantify substances；its just much harder. The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories. T
25、hey decide which amount is larger, and they almost always select the larger one. This information further refutes(驳斥)the long-held idea that babies know nothing of the world. vanMarle said. Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures. weve discovered a 1ot of early abilit
26、ies. I think for parents, it should be exciting to know that theres somebody in there that has some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world，and that knowledge is guiding their development. vanMarle said. In the future. vanMarle says this kind of study could be linked to a childs progress in mat
27、h-related skills, although programs marketed to increase those abilities. such as Baby Einstein，still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.（3)Babies choose the larger amount of food_.A. by saying numbersB. with the help of parentsC. On personal preferenceD. through their natural abilit
28、ies(4)We can learn from the text that_.A. some parents dont care about their kidsB. people used to think the world is known to babiesC. little research has been done on infantsD. scholars have different opinions on baby- training programs(5)Whats the best title of the text?A. Breakthrough in Baby St
29、udiesB. Amazing Baby-training IdeasC. Early Human AbilitiesD. Unique Quantifying Methods【解析】新的研究发现婴儿具有很强的数量概念，他们几乎总是本能地选择数量较多的物体，尤其在食物方面，这种突破性科学发现有力地驳斥了长期以来认为婴儿对世界一无所知的观点。 (1)C推理判断题。由文章内容可知，婴儿几乎总是挑选数量多的物体，由此可推断这种能力指的是区分物体数量的能力。(2)B段落大意题。第四段介绍的是耗时15年的几个研究的科学发现，故选B项。(3)D推理判断题。文章倒数第二段提到婴儿具有认知世界的一些基本知识.
30、由此可推断他们选择数量比较多的食物是本能的体现。(4)D细节理解题。根据最后一段后半部分中的内容可知学者们就婴儿培训计划存在分歧。(5)A 标题概括题。新的研究发现婴儿具有数量意识，从而驳斥了长期以来认为他们对世界一无所知的观点，显然是婴儿研究方面的突破。4、（2011年安徽省“江南十校”高三联考） Looking back on Chinas road to outer space, people can easily find it has not been very smooth. In the past years, Chinese people have made hard and
31、determined efforts to realize the dream their ancestors had for thousands of years. After Chinas first satellite into the Earths orbit in 1970 came four flights of unmanned Shenzhou missions from 1999 to 2002.The country carried out its first one-piloted space flight in 0ctober, 2003, making China t
32、he third country in the world to have independent human spaceflight ability after the Soviet Union and the United States. Then came another breakthrough oil October 12,2005,when Shenzhou 6, Chinas second human spaceflight, was launched, with a crew of two astronauts. Whats more, the landmark(里程碑)spa
33、cewalk done by Zhai Zhigang ,one of the three boarding Shenzhou 7, launched on Sept.25,2008,Leads the country further in its space exploration. Meanwhile, Chinas moon exploration project, started in 2004, has also been progressing satisfactorily. Fifry years after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik,
34、the worlds first man made satellite, Chinas first circumlunar(绕月的)satellite Change l took off on Oct.24,2007,which became another milestone in Chinas space achievements after the. above-men-tioned manned flights. Change l was expected to fulfill four scientific goals, one of which was to probe(探测)mi
35、neral elements on the moon, especially those not existent on the Earth. Its said that the 1unar regolith(月壤)is abundant in helium-3, a clean fuel that may support the Earths energy demands for more than a century. Nearly 3 years later,Oct.1.2010 witnessed the blasting off of Change 2.Chinas 2nd unma
36、nned lunar probe, marking another step forward in moon exploration. This time the aim is to test the key techniques of Change 3 and Change 4, as a preparation for a soft lunar landing in the future. With great expectations, people all over the world are looking forward to Chinas greater space achiev
37、ements.(1)According to the text, which of the following is TRUE?A. China sent its first satellite into the moons orbit in 1970.B. China is the third country in Asia to make human spaceflight.C. By now, altogether 5 astronauts have made successful spaceflight by Shenzhou spaceship.D. The launching of
38、 Change l became the third milestone in Chinas space achievements.(2)Paragraph 2 mainly deals with information about Chinas_.A. landmark spacewalk B. manned Shenzhou missionsC. first circumlunar satellite D. unmanned Shenzhou missions(3)We can infer from the text that_.A. Chinas road to outer space
39、has not been very smooth for a long timeB. the lunar regolith is believed to be rich in a clean flue called helium-3C. Chinas lunar exploration project was started in 2004 and completed in 2007D. Chinas scientists are researching into techniques for soft lunar landing(4)What can be the best title fo
40、r the text.A. Ancient Chineses DreamB. Chinas Major Space AchievementsC. Chinas Moon ExplorationD. The Worlds Great Expectations【解析】 这篇文章回顾了中国太空探索所取得的成就神舟号载人飞行和嫦娥探月卫星的成功发射。 (1)D正误判断题。根据第二段中的first one-piloted space flight in October，2003以及Then came another breakthrough on October 12,2005，再结合第三段中的Chan
41、ge 1. which became another milestone. 可知嫦娥一号的成功发射是中国太空探索的第三个里程碑。(2)B段落大意题。该段主要介绍了第一次载人航天飞行以及“神舟六号”和“神舟七号”载人航天飞行，故选B项。(3)D推理判断题。A、B两项是直接信息，故排除。由文章倒数第二段最后一句内容可推知：中国科学家正在研究在月球上软着陆技术。(4)B主旨大意题。这篇文章围绕“神舟号载人飞行和嫦娥探月卫星发射”而展开，故B项作为标题最合适。5、（2011年安徽省“江南十校”高三联考） A scientist turns out to be able to see the futur
42、e by offering each of some four-year-olds a piece of candy and watching how he or she deals with it. Some children reach eagerly for the treat they see. Some last a few minutes before they give in. But others are determined to wait until the last moment. By the time the children reach high schoo1,so
43、mething remarkable has happened. A survey found that those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out generally grew up to be more popular, adventurous, confident and dependable. The children who gave in to temptation(诱惑)early were more likely to be lonely. easily frustrated and infle
44、xible(顽固的). Actually, the ability to delay reward is a sign of emotional intelligence which doesnt show up on an IQ test. The hardware of the brain and the software of the mind have long been scientists concerns. But brain theory cant explain what we wonder about most,like the question why some peop
45、le remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would sink a less resistant soul. Here comes the theory of Daniel Goleman, writer of Emotional Intelligence：when it comes to predicting peoples Success, brain ability measured by IQ may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once thought of as c
46、haracter. EQ is not the opposite of IQ. What researchers have been trying to understand is how they work together; how ones ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use. Among the ingredients (要素)for success, researchers now generally agree t
47、hat IQ counts for about 20;the rest depends off everything from social class to luck. While many researchers in this relatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously, some few fear EQ invites misuse.（3)The underlined word upbeat in Paragraph 4 probably means_.A. kind B.
48、floating C. excited D. optimistic(4)Why does the author mention the experiment at the beginning of the text?A. To amuse both the children and readers.B. To prove the scientists wisdom.C. To introduce the topic of the text.D. To show us how to do an IQ test.(5)What is most likely to be written in the
49、 paragraph that follows?A. Information about famous people with high EQ.B. Examples showing the opposite voice about EQ.C. Some reasons why EQ is a relatively new field.D. Strong demands for basic emotional education.【解析】 这篇文章讲述了情商所起的重要作用、它与智商的关系以及人们应如何看待。(1)C推理判断题。从文章第二段的第二句可推出答案为C。 (2)C正误判断题。从倒数第二
50、段的第一句EQ is not the opposite of IQ. 可知EQ和IQ并没有相对立的关系，由此可判断C项正确。(3)D猜测词义题。从画线词所在句后面的内容“困难可打倒意志不坚定的人”可猜测出upbeat是“乐观的”意思。(4)C写作意图题。文章从make an experiment入手，从而引出作者要谈及的话题EQ和IQ。(5)B文章结构题。从文章的最后部分some few fear. EQ invites misuse可推出，下文最有可能谈及少数人对EQ持否定态度的例子。6、（福州市2011届高三年级第一次质量检查） Last weekend,20,000 people gat
51、hered in the state of Georgia to watch students from 28 countries compete with robots they built. More than ten thousand students and more than five hundred robots took part in the competition. The students and their robots competed at the FIRST Championship at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta. FIRST is
52、the short way of saying the organizations complete name：For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology. Almost 1.700 high school teams entered a level of competition called LUNACY. In January, the organization sent supplies for robots to each team. The teams had six weeks to build robots
53、that could compete in the LUNACY game. The playing area had six robots, three on each team. Each robot had another vehicle, or trailer(拖车)，connected to it. The robots had to pick up 1arge balls and throw them into the trailers of opposing robots. The robots were moving on a surface where they could
54、slide. An alliance(联盟)of teams from California，Illinois and Michigan won the LUNACY competition. A second competition involved building a robot that could travel on uneven surfaces,move objects with unusual shapes and resist physical stress. Another competition was for younger students，aged from 9 t
55、o 14.They had to design. build and program robots to explore the Earths climate. American inventor Dean Kamen started FIRST in 1989. The organization holds robot competitions around the world. It offers programs that help young people learn more about science， technology，engineering and mathematics，
56、which build life skills. Many companies provide support to the organization. Mister Kamen says the goal is about more than building robots. He says the student competitors showed they could deal with difficult technological problems.And.1le says that is good news because the world needs creative thi
57、nkers to help with increasingly complex problems in the future.(1)The Robot Competition was organized by_Athe state of GeorgiaBan organization named FIRSTCAmerican inventor Dean KamenDsome companies from California(2)The robots in the LUNACY game are able to_Atravel on uneven surfacesBexplore the Ea
58、rths climateCthrow balls into the trailersDmove objects with different shapes(3)The main purpose of FIRST is to_Aattract more companies to support themBhelp students under 8 to be interested in scienceCteach students how to build robots on the spotDhelp young people learn science as well as life ski
59、lls(4)The underlined word that in the last paragraph refers toAthe goal of building robotsBthe students ability to deal with technological problemsCthe goal of the student competitorsDsomething about technological problems【解析】在美国的佐治亚州举办的机器人比赛吸引了来自不同国家的众多选手的参与，组织者希望通过这样的比赛提升年轻人的科学知识，培养生活技能，为未来攻克复杂问题做
60、准备。 (1)B细节理解题。根据第二段后半部分中的内容可知机器人比赛是由个名叫FIRST的组织举办的。(2)C细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第三句中的内容可知这次比赛中的机器人要能够把球扔进对抗机器人的拖车中。(3)D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句中的内容可知这个组织的主要目的是帮助年轻人学习科学和生活技能。(4)B代词指代题。此处承接的是上一句中的内容，根据上一句后半部分中的内容可知此处that指的是学生处理技术问题的能力。7、（郑州市2011年高中毕业班第二次质量预测） Why do men live a shorter life than women? The latest researc
61、h indicates that mens hearts going into a rapid decline when they reach middle age could be the cause. The research of ageing on the heart has shown that womens longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose much pumping power with age. “We have found that the power of the male he
62、art falls by 20 percent-25 percent between 20 and 70 years of age,”said the head of the study, Samantha of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK. “Within the heart there are millions of cells which make it beat. Between the ages of 20 and 70,one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in
63、men, ”said Samantha. This is part of the ageing process. What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old womans heart could work almost as perfectly as a 20-year-old ones. “This gender(性别)difference might give the reason why men live sho
64、rter than women. ” said Samantha. They studied over 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 17 and 80,who are mainly healthy persons so as to reduce the influence of disease. “The team has yet to think about why ageing suffers a greater loss on the male heart. ”said Samantha. But there is also
65、 good newsmen can enjoy the health of their hearts with regular exercise. Samantha stressed that women should also take regular exercise to stop their leg muscles getting weaker as they age.【解析】 本文介绍了一项科学研究的结果：男人比女人寿命短主要是男人的心脏细胞在20岁到70岁之间损失掉三分之一，因而心脏的能力降低了2025，而女人的心脏细胞在这一年龄阶段损失得很少。 (1)B猜测词义题。根据第一段的第
66、一句话Why do men live a shorter life than women? 可推知longevity的意思足“长寿”。(2)D主旨大意题。本文探讨了男人比女人寿命短的主要原因，那就是与心脏细胞数量的减少有关。男人的心脏细胞在20岁到70岁之间会丧失三分之一，因而心脏的能力降低了2025，而女人的心脏细胞在这个年龄阶段几乎没有丧失。因此，本文的中心话题是心脏与长寿。(3)C 细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句What amazes scientists is that the female heart suffers very little loss of these cells”可
67、知答案为C。(4)C细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，男人经常进行锻炼可以拥有健康的心脏，女人经常进行锻炼可以抵制腿部的肌肉衰弱无力。因此，要想长寿，就要积极锻炼。8、（南昌市2011年高三年级第一次模拟考试） CHICAGO(Reuters)Smoking not only can wrinkle(起皱纹)the face and turn it yellowit can do the same to the whole body. researchers reported on Monday. The study，published in the Archives of Dermatol
68、ogy, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the bodyeven the skin protected from the sun. We examined non-facial skin that was protected from the sun, and found that the total number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day and the total years a person has smoked were linked with the amount of sk
69、in damage a person experienced. Dr. Yolanda Helfrich of the University of Michigan,who led the study, said in a statement. In participants older than 65 years, smokers had significantly more fine wrinkling than nonsmokers. Similar findings were seen in participants aged from 45 to 65 years, Helfrich
70、s team added in their report. The researchers tested 82 people, smokers and nonsmokers, taking pictures of the inner fight alms. They ranged in age from 22 to 9l and half were smokers. Independent judges decided how wrinkled each persons skin was. When skin is exposed to sunlight, notably the face,
71、it becomes coarse. wrinkled and discolored with a pale yellow tint. Helfrichs team wrote. Several previous studies have found that cigarette smoking contributes to premature(过早的)skin aging as measured by facial wrinkles, the study said, but little has been done to measure the aging of skin not expos
72、ed to light. The report did not discuss the mechanism involved but previous research has found that cigarette smoke, among other things, causes blood vessels(血管)beneath the skin to constrict(紧缩), reducing blood supply to the skin. Smoking can also damage the connective tissue that supports both the
73、skin and the internal organs.(1)When your skin is exposed to sunlight long, it becomes all of the following but_.A. flexible B. coarse C. wrinkled D. discolored(2)How wrinkled a persons skin is doesnt relate to_.A. the number of cigarettes a person smokesB. the kind and characteristics of skinC. how
74、 long a person smokesD. how long skin is under sunlight(3).From the passage smoking results in skin aging mainly because_.A. it will lower blood supply to skinB. it can make you feel tiredC. it can make skin come offD. it can make blood run faster(4)The main purpose of the passage is to_.A. inform p
75、eople about the result of the studyB. advise people how to protect skinC. warn people not to smoke againD. introduce a new way of avoiding skin aging【解析】研究表明，吸烟对皮肤的危害极大，如加快皮肤衰老，改变皮肤颜色等。才外，还会破坏结缔组织。不知种种触目惊心的研究结果是否能给广大烟民敲响警钟？ (1)A细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的内容可知当皮肤长时间暴露在阳光下时，皮肤不会变得“柔韧”。(2)B细节理解题。文章中没有提到皮肤起皱纹的程度与皮肤
76、的种类和特征有关。(3)A细节理解题。倒数第三段提到抽烟会让皮肤过早衰老，下一段中提到抽烟使皮肤下的血管紧缩，减少血液对皮肤的供应，由此可知抽烟导致皮肤衰老的主要原因是降低了血液对皮肤的供应量。(4)C 写作目的题。文章阐述了吸烟的种种危害，触目惊心，目的显然是警告人们不要再抽烟了。9、（南京市2011届高三第一次模拟考试） Environmentalists said our planet was doomed to die. Now one man says they are wrong. Everyone knows the planet is in bad shape, thunder
77、ed a magazine article last year. Species（物种）are being driven to die out at record rates, and the rivers are so poisonous that fish are floating on the surface, dead. But theres a growing belief that what everyone takes for granted is wrong: things are actually getting better. A new book is about to
78、overturn our most basic assumptions about the worlds environment. Rivers, seas, rain and the atmosphere are all getting cleaner. The total amount of forests in the world is not declining. The Skeptical Environmentalist by Bjorn Lomborg, professor of statistics at the University of Aarhus in Denmark,
79、 is an attack on the misleading claims of environmental groups, and the bad news culture that makes people believe everything is getting worse. Now the attacks are increasingly coining from left-wing environmentalists such as Lomborg, a former member of Greenpeace. The accusation is that, although t
80、he environment is improving, green groups with profits of hundreds of mil-lions of pounds a year are using scare tactics(谋略)to gain donations. Lomborgs book doesnt deny global warming probably the biggest environmental threat but destroys almost every other environmental claim with many official sta
81、tistics. The Worldwatch Institute claims that deforestation has been accelerating over the last 30 years. But Lomborg says that is simply rubbish. Since the dawn of agriculture the world has lost about 20 per cent of its forest cover, but in recent decades the forest areas depleting has come to a st
82、op. According to UN figures, the area of forests has remained almost steady, at about 30 per cent of total land area, since the 1940s. Forests in countries such as the US, the UK and Canada have actually been expanding over the past 40 years. Despite all the warnings the Amazon rainforest has only s
83、hrunk（缩小）by about 15 per cent. Nor are all our species dying out. Some campaigners claim that 50 per cent of all species will have died out within 50 years. But other studies show only 0.08 per cent of species are dying out each year. Conservation efforts have been successful. Whales are no longer t
84、hreatened and the bald eagle is off the endangered list. Environmental groups claim that many of the improvements are the results of the success of their campaigns. Stephen Tindale, director of Greenpeace UK, said, There are important examples, such as acid rain and ozone, where things arent as bad
85、as predicted, and thats because behavior has changed.(1)In his book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, what is Lomborgs main argument?AOur planet is in bad shape.BThe worlds environment is improving.CThe total amount of forests in the world is not declining.DConservation efforts have been successful.(
86、2)What is Lomborgs main accusation of environmentalists?AThey scared people into making donations.BThey overturned our basic assumptions about the worlds environment.CThey changed their behavior toward the environment.DThey only told people bad news about the environment.(3)The underlined word deple
87、ting in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _.Areducing BlimitingCexpandingDaccelerating(4)According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?AThe total area of forests in the world has increased significantly.BThe effects of global warming are not as bad as first expected.CIt appe
88、ars that the bald eagle will now survive.DIn the last 50 years the number of whales has increased.【解析】 “环境一直在变坏，我们的星球末日将要来临”，这是环保主义者们发出的警告，然而 Lomborg 的新书却提出了完全相反的观点，他批驳了环保主义者们耸人听闻的言论。 (1)B 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第一段与第三段可知 Lomborg 在 The Skeptical Environmentalist 中的观点 (argument) 是环境状况正在改善，因此选项B正确，C项只是他观点的一部分，不
89、全面，故排除。(2)A 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第四段中的第二句话可知 Lomborg 指责环保主义者们利用恐吓手段让人们捐款。(3)A 本题考查猜测词义。第五段 Lomborg 通过一些数据反驳了 The Worldwatch Institute 的观点 deforestation has been acceleration over the last 30 years ，Lomborg 认为在最近几十年森林面积的缩小已经停止，因此选择 reducing。(4)C 本题考查细节判断。根据文章倒数第二段中的 Whales are no longer threatened and the ba
90、ld eagle is off the endangered list 可知秃鹰已经不属于濒危的物种了，由此可知C项正确。10、（山东省烟台市2011届高三调研测试） If cars had wings, they could fly and that just might happen, beginning in 2011The company Terrafugia, based in Woburn, Massachusetts, says it plans to deliver its car-plane, the Transition, to customers by the end o
91、f 2011. Its the next wow vehicle, said Terrafugia vice president Richard Gersh. Anybody can buy a Ferrari, but as we say, Ferraris dont fly. The car-plane has wings that unfold for flying a process the company says takes one minute and fold back up for driving. A runway is still required to take off
92、 and land. The Transition is being marketed more as a plane that drives than a car that flies, although it is both. The company has been working with FAA to meet aircraft regulations, and with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to meet vehicle safety regulations. The company is aimin
93、g to sell the Transition to private pilots as a more convenient and cheaper way to fly. They say it saves you the trouble from trying to find another mode of transportation to get to and from airports: You drive the car to the airport and then youre good to go. When you land, you fold up the wings a
94、nd hit the road. There are no expensive parking fees because you dont have to store it at an airport you park it in the garage at home. The car-plane is designed to fly primarily under 10,000 feet. It has a maximum takeoff weight of 1,430 pounds, including fuel and passengers. Terrafugia says the Tr
95、ansition reduces the potential for an accident by allowing pilots to drive under the bad weather instead of flying into marginal（临界的）conditions. The Transitions price tag: 94,000. But there may be additional charges for options like a radio, a transponder or a GPS. Another, option is a full-plane pa
96、rachute. If you get into a very awful situation, it is the necessary safety option, Gersh said. So far, the company has more than 70 orders with deposits. Were working very closely with them, but there are still some remaining steps, Brown said.(1)We can learn from the first two paragraphs that _.Ac
97、ar-planes will be popular in 2011Bpeople might drive a car-plane in 2011Cboth the Transition and Ferrari can take off and landDRichard Gersh is the vice president of Massachusetts(2)It takes the car-plane one minute to _.Afold and unfold its wingsBunfold wings for flyingCland in the airportDmeet fly
98、ing safety regulations(3)According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?AThe car-plane needs a runway to take off and land.BTo meet aircraft regulations, the company has been working with FAA.CThe car-plane may fly as high as normal planes.DPeople can park the car-plane in the garage a
99、t their home.(4)The underlined word it in the last but one paragraph refers to _.Athe radio Bthe transponderCthe GPS Dthe full-plane parachute(5)Whats the best title for the passage?ACars with wings maybe just around the cornerBWhich to choose: a Ferrari or a car-plane?CA more convenient and cheaper
100、 way to flyDCars with wings can fly as fast as planes【解析】 大千世界，无奇不有。一种既能够在陆地上行驶，又可以在空中飞行的汽车式飞机即将诞生。 (1)B 推理判断题。第一段提到这家公司计划在2011年的年底之前推出这款新产品，由此可推测B项正确。(2)B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知它打开飞行用的机翼需要一分钟的时间。故选B。(3)C 正误判断题。第六段的第一句提到这款产品设计的起初飞行高度是一万英尺以下，由此可知它不能和正常的飞机飞行同样的高度。(4)D 猜测词义题。根据本句前半句中的内容可推测此处指代的是上一段最后一句中提到的 full-plane parachute(降落伞)。(5)A 主旨大意题。本文是新闻报道，第一段是中心段，再结合下文可知A项最能概括文章大意。
