1、第三册Unit 16 Finding jobsI单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：1assessment 2occupy 3instantly 4type 5add 6advise 7apply 8account 9qualify高考须掌握的短语：1back 2of/about 3while 4achieve 5free/spare 6in 7to 8positive 9in 10come 11make12for 13date 14with考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇1instant adj立刻；马上；紧急的 n瞬息；片刻 eg：I
2、 saw a patient in instant need of first aid我看到一位急需抢救的病人。 The medicine gave mstant reIief服药后立即感到舒服。 I eouldnt answer the question for an instant我一时回答不上这个问题来。相关链接：instantly adv立刻马上 用法拓展：in an instant一会儿；马上 for an instant暂时；一时 in instant need of help急需帮助特别提醒：the instant可用作连词后面接从句表示“一就”相当于as soon as。案例剖
3、析 旁征博引 举一反三K0考题1 (典型例题)You see the lightning it happens, but you hear the thunder later. A. the instant B. for an instant C. on the instant D. in an instant考题1点拨：答案为A。根据 it happens可判断出此处需用一个连词连接句子只有A项可以，而其他三项为介词短语。句意为：“当闪电发生时。你先看到闪电而后听到雷声。”总结提示：in an instant一会儿”通常用于将来时，常与终止性动词连用；for an instant“暂时，一肘
4、”一般用于完成时态常与延续性动词连用。 2particuIar adj特殊的；特别的：讲究的 eg：Thcy bave a particular interest in the roeks on the moon他们对月亮上的岩石特别感兴趣。 Dont bc parttcular about clothcsch订dren孩子们不要对衣服过于讲究。 He stressed thal point in particular他特别强调了那一点。相关链接：partIcularly adv特别地；特殊地用法拓展：for no particular reason并无特殊原因 bc particuIar a
5、bout/as lo 对过于讲究in particular特别尤其特别提醒：particular还可用作名词意为“细节”。考题2 I went along thinking of nothing only looking at things around me. A. in brief B. in harmony C. in doubt D. in particular考题2点拨：答案为D。根据题意：“我走着，没有特有考虑什么事只是看着我周围的景色。特别地”为in particular而in brief简略地，总地”；in harmony”和谐，一致”in doubt“怀疑”故选D。3craz
6、y adj疯狂的；古怪的；狂热的eg：Dont work so crazy不要那么拼命干。 Young peopIe are crazy about dancing年轻人热衷于跳舞。相关链接：crazily adv疯狂地 craziness n疯狂 用法拓展be crazy about对着迷 be crazy fpro一对渴望特别提醒be crazy about对着迷用介词abOUt。考题3(典型例题)You should de-vote your attention to your study, and dont be crazy _ _ this kind of activity. A.
7、in B. about C. of D. at 考题3点拨：答案为B。“对着迷”应为be crazy about为固定搭配。句意为：”你应该把心思放在学习上不要对那种活动着迷。” 总结提示：be crazy about“对着迷”为固定搭配。二、重点短语4hold back阻止；隐瞒eg：The policemen held back the crovdswho were pressing forward to see thc visilots警察阻止了那些涌上前来围观来宾的人群. She was very upset but held back her tears for as long as
8、 she eould 她虽然感觉不舒服但尽可能地不哭。 Dont hold anything backyou must tell me everything 你不要隐瞒任何事情把一切都告诉我们。用法拓展：hold on等一等不挂断 hofd out维持；伸出去 hold LIp举起阻碍；耽搁hold down限制；压制hold on to不要放弃；抓住不放，保留考题4-1 (典型例题 分) The girl held _. not knowing how to break the terrible news. A. out B. up C. back D. down考题4-2 We thoug
9、ht of selling this old furni-ture. but weve decided to it. It might be valuable. A. hold no to B. keep up with C. turn to I). look after考题41点拨：答案为C。从not knowing how to break the terrible news可判断出这个女孩很“踌躇”。hold back“退缩；踌躇”hold out“维持”hold up。举起阻挡”，hold down。压制”故选C：。句意为：”这个女孩踌躇着不知道怎样宣布这个可怕的消息。”考题42点拨：
10、答案为A。hold on to”不要放弃”；keeP up with“跟上”；turn to“转向；求助于”；Iook after“照料”。根据句意:”我们本想把这件旧家具卖掉但是我们决定还是不卖它。它可能会有价值。”故选A。5Fill in (1) vi填补；填充 eg：lll fillin if absolutely necessary假如实在需要的话我来代替一下。 (2)vt填满使完善全面提供eg：Fill in these formsplease请填写这些表格。 can you fill in thc details for us?你能提供给我们一些细节吗?用法拓展：fillin th
11、e blank填入空格 fill up装满：填满 be filled with 用装满hc full of装满特别提醒：be filled with与be fuIlof两个短语中的filled与rull不要混淆。考题5 If you want to order the new type of washing machine. Please in your name and address here and 111 inform you later when it comes, sir. A. leave B. fill C. put D. write考题5点拨：答案为B。根据题意：“先生，如果
12、你想订购新式洗衣机，请在这儿填上你的名字与地址，等货一到，我就通知你。”leave “留下”，为及物动词不与in搭配，put in“放入”。write也为及物动词，不与in连用。表示“写”而fill in“填写”，故选B。三、重点交际用语6what do you expect to be doing in fjve years time?在5年内你期望做什么呢? expect vt期望：预料 (1)expect sb/sth等/期待/某人/某物 eg：she is expecting a telcphone ftom her friend她正在等朋友的电话。 (2)expect to do s
13、th希望做某事 eg：I hardly expected to find you Sil。lI here我简直没想到你还在这里。 (3)expect that clause希望 eg：I had least expected that it would come to such an end我根本没料到会出现如此的结局。(4)expect sbto do sth期望/希望某人干 eg：Youre expected to do your duty你应该尽职尽责。特别提醒：expect sbto do sth“希望某人做某事”而hope不可用于此结构，wish也可以用WISh sbto do st
14、h“希望某人做某事”。考题6 (典型例题分)- When will the manager come back? As I know. he to come before 6:00 D. M: A. expects B. will expect C. is expecti.ng D. is expected考题6点拨；答案为D。根据题意：“他什么时候回来?据我所知，他预计在下午6：00之前回来”，即“他被希望在6：OO之前回来”应用be expected to do sth，故选D。而其他三项表示主动，与题意不符。 总结提示：be expected to do sth“预计干某事，被希望做某事
15、” 四、重点句型7However，football is such a fiercely competitive occupation，that many players are not successful and havetoleavethe professiontofind other careers然而，足球运动是竞争如此激烈的职业，因此许多足球运动员没有成功而只得放弃这个职业而寻找其他职业。 suehthat如此以至于 eg：Jim shut the window with such force that the glass broke吉姆用力关窗，把玻璃打碎了。 His idea
16、was such a good one，we all agree to use it 他的主意非常好，我们都同意采用它。 用法拓展：such a(an)+adj+n+that如此以至于 such+adj+可数名词复数+that如此以至于 such+adj+不可数名词+that如此以至于 特别提醒：(1)suchthat句型中，that有时可以省略。 (2)such后面形容词若为表示数量的形容词many，much，few等时such应换为so。 (3)such十a(an)+adj+nthat=so+adj+a(an)+n+that考题7 (典型例题)Can you imagine little
17、worms can eat much grass that we must provide them with trucks of it? A. so; such B. so; so C. such; so D. such; such考题7点拨：答案为c。little在本句中不表数量，而是表示“小”，故不能用so，much grass为表示数量的词组，用so，故选c。句意为：你能想像出这么小的虫子吃这么多的草，以至于我们必须用卡车来运输吗?总结提示： so修饰形容词或副词；so+adj+a(an)+n可修饰可数名词单数。五、词语辨析8income，pay，wages，salary，fee in
18、come用以指一个人或单位所得的收入，不仅仅限于工资。 eg： a family with tWO incomes有双份收入的家庭 pay一般用于指雇主定期付给的工资。 eg： He doesnt like the jobbut the pay is good他不喜欢那工作，但是薪水不错。 wages一般是按星期或按日发放的工资，通常为现款，一般按小时、日、星期或按一定的工作量计算。 salary一般按月计算，通常直接拨人领取者的银行账户内。一般用于专业人士或在办公室工作的人员。 eg： The company is offering a salary of￥30，000 per year那家
19、公司招聘职员，年薪三万元。 fee一般指付给医生或律师等的报酬。或者指各种费用(学费、入场费、手续费等)。特别提醒：wages不能用few/many修饰，用much/little来修饰，而且high wages高工资，low wages低工资。考题9 用 income,pay,wages, salary, fee 的适当形式填空 (1)The students have to pay school per year. (2)The family lived upon a small (3)The man accepted the job for its is pleasing. (4)I li
20、ve only on my since I worked.语法归纳 精通规则 游刃有余 动词不定式 不定式的完成式强调动作或状态发生在谓语动词之前。一般式表示动作或状态发生在谓语动词之后、与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生或存在。进行式表示动作与谓语动词同时发生。完成进行式表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，而且仍在继续；当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，用不定式的被动式。1be considered/thought/believed/supposed后多跟不定式的完成式、完成被动式(to have been)或to be形式。 eg： Her father is believed to h
21、ave been a sailor她的爸爸被认为是一名水手。 She is considered to be the best student in our class她被认为是我们班最好的学生。 Her grandfather is thought to have been wounded during World War她的祖父被认为在第二次世界大战中受过伤。2下列结构中动词后出现不定式的多种形式： (1)在seem/appear/pretend后。 eg： My brother seems to be thinking about something我的哥哥像是在考虑什么事。 She s
22、eems to have known it她好像已经知道了。 She seems to have been struggling in the water for a long time她好像已经在水里挣扎了很久。 (2)在be said/reported/known后。 eg： He is said to be very kind据说他很善良。 She is said to have gone abroad据说她出国了。 He is said to have been praised at the meeting据说他在会上受到表扬。 He seen to have been writing
23、 for I/lore than three hours他似乎已经写了3个多小时。考题 (典型例题)Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears everything. A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told 考题点拨。答案为D。根据题意：。她似乎已知道事情的真相了”，且tell的动作发生在appear之前，且she与tell之间存在动宾关系，故选D。IV专题探究 由点及面 由表及里专题探究：书面表达做题技巧 专题详解：有这样一篇书面表达，其中有一句汉语
24、提纲：“在我的箱子里有一台美国生产的录音机，一些我在北大买的新书，一本我收集了五年的装有英国邮票的集邮册和一个里面装有我母亲从英国寄来的三百英镑的大信封。”其典型的“硬译”表达是： In my suitcase have a US produces recorder, some I in Bei Da buys new books, a book of I collect five years Britain stamp, and an inside hold my mother from Britain sends 300 pounds large enve- lope. 毛病就出在完全使用
25、了汉语的词序，基本上没有注意词形的变化以及结构词的使用。 其合适的表达应该是这样： In my suitcase there is a recorder made(produced) in US, some new books which I bought in Beijing University, a book of British stamps I have collected for the last five years and a large envelope with 300 pounds my mother sent me from Britain.解题技巧： 书面表达“十六字
26、”要诀不少学生在做英语书面表达题耐感到无从下手，因此涂涂改改，不能充分发挥自己的水平。为了取得事半功倍的效果，做题时我们要切记下面的“十六字”要诀：“扣题、全面、理顺、套用、简练、灵活、对应、严格”。(一)扣题无论是文字还是图画类型的情景提示，动笔之前都要仔细阅读和推敲，弄清提示的内容，抓住需要表达的信息点。因此，花时间认真审题，是明智之举。(二)全面在书面表达中，学生要防止对某一点或某几点大花笔墨，而对自己不感兴趣、表达难度大的要点不提或一带而过。这样虽然看起来词数符合要求，但却丢掉了一些要点。(三)理顺文理要通顺，要考虑文章的逻辑性，弄清先写什么，后写什么。如提示中层次清楚，可按顺序进行表
27、达；若层次较乱，要对题目所要表达的要点顺序做适当的调整。(四)套用在表达过程中，应选用自己熟悉的和有把握的词汇和句型。模考题 请根据下列四幅图画用英语写篇故事，以参加校刊的英语环保征文大赛。 仿你所学过的句型和词汇的用法进行表达，力求符合英语表达习惯，而不能自己去创造。要排除母语的干扰，千万不能用汉语进行思维，生搬硬套汉语式的句子。 (五)简练 书面表达的句子结构越复杂。就越容易出错。由于多数学生实际运用水平有限，书面表达的句子宜简不宜繁应多用简单句，少写 复合句。 (六)灵活 做题时如果遇到了难以回避的内容一时又想不起确切的习惯用语或句型那就要想办法“拐弯抹角”地去表达。高考书面表达的目的正
28、是考查学生灵活运用所学知识的能力。学生在做此题时，遇到想不起来的词语或句型时，要尽量找同义或近义的词语或句型来代替，这样可以节省时间，避免出大错。 (七)对应 做题时要以相适应的身份、口气，从适当的角度来表达所述内容，句子的前后，文章的开头和结尾要相互呼应。但要注意： 1弄清叙述者的人称以及故事发生的场合。如果用第一人称，写作中不要写自己的真实姓名和自己的学校和地点，避免犯泄密的大忌。 2代词与先行词在人称、性和数等方面要保持一致。 3同一句子中不要突然改变主语、时态和语态。 (八)严格 答题时要做到一丝不苟，卷面书写要清楚。须记住滴水成河，这儿一个小错，那儿一个小错，失分就多了。切记要做到：
29、 1书写要规范。标点符号要准确。 2防止单词拼写不准，句子结构不完整，字母大小写不分。 3写好后，要检查全文，弄清楚是否扣题；格式是否正确；词数是否符合要求；要点是否都包括在内，是否有语法或拼写错误等。注意：1故事须包括所有图画的内容，可以适当增加细节，使故事连贯；2图中学生为小毛(Xiao Mao)； 3词数：100左右。参考词汇：写生draw from nature；画板drawing board；斧axe 考题点拨；(例文)Xiao Mao is a primary school student and he enjoys drawing very much. One day, Xiao
30、 Mao went out to the small woods not far from town to draw from nature, taking along with a drawing board. When he got there, he found that there was only one tree left. However, its better than nothing, he comforted himself. So he began to put up the drawing board in order to draw it quickly. At th
31、is time, one man carrying an axe-on his shoulder walked towards the tree. He cut off the tree and pulled it. away. When Xiao Mao finished that, he saw the only tree was missing,Dear me! Where on earth is the tree? Xiao Mao turned back and won- dered, very disappointed.点评：1开头交代背景，为下文作好铺垫；2taking alon
32、g分词结构的使用使句子结构丰富多彩。 总评；文章基本内容表达清楚，运用了较高级的语法结构，包括从句及非谓语动词，时态变化较多。最值得一提的是人物心理描写丰富，给人活灵活现之感。 V考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊回顾1 测试语法 (典型例题According to the art deal er, the painting to go for at least a million dollars. A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting1A点拨：考查时态运用能力。题意：“按绘画经纪人的话说，这幅画预料至少100万美元。”句
33、子的主语是画，不能发出预料的动作，应是“被指望，被预料”，所以选A。回顾2 测试考点 7 (典型例题) We were in when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush2D点拨：考查sacbthat与sothat引导的结果状语从句，such为形容词。修饰名词其构成为such a(an)+adj+n，名词可以是可数的，也可为不可数的，而so为副词，修饰形容词，副词或
34、动词，其结构为so+adj+a(an)+n故选D。 回顾3 测试语法 (典型例题-Is Bob still performing? -Im afraid n6t. He is said the stage already as he has become an official.A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left3A点拨：考查动词不定式的时态。根据Im afraid not表明Bob不再演出，已经离开了舞台，即leave动作发生在say之前，用动词不定式的完成式表示过去发生的事或已经完成的动作。故用A。V
35、I2011年高考题预测 高瞻远瞩 占尽先机一、考情预测 年考情预测预测1：instant 预测根据：instant是高考英语教学大纲中要求重点掌握的词汇。此词易错地方主要集中在：(1)对其构成短语掌握不彻底；(2)忽视其作连词用法。命题角度预测：Instant既可用作形容词，又可用于名词，这一点学生是陌生的。对它主要考查the instant用作连词，相当于as soon as，或for an instant“暂时,一时”，in an instant“立刻，马上”。它的考查主要表现在语法和词汇知识考查或短文改错中。预测2：particular 预测根据：particular是英语大纲中要求四会
36、的单词，对它的考查主要表现在语法和词汇知识部分，而particular的某些用法的掌握又是学生所欠缺的。 命题角度预测：particular的命题通常与especial、special等词一起考查，辨析其用法及区别；同时be particular about“对 过于讲究”，及in particular的考查，正是考生的薄弱之处。预测3：choice 预测根据：choice可用作名词，也可用作形容词，这一点是学生不太熟悉的，它还构成许多短语,对命题者而言，有相当大的命题空间。 命题角度预测：以语法和词汇知识的形式考查其形容词形式或名词形式的短语的可能性是较大的。预测4：话题：找工作预测根据：工
37、作问题是当前的一个热门话题，牵动着很多家庭，同时如何找到称心的工作，如何写个人履历表关系到年轻人的前程，也关系到国家的稳定。命题角度预测：此类话题主要体现在阅读理解、听力及书面表达中。 预测5：不定式的时态及语态 预测根据：对于不定式的各种时态的用法，有不少同学仍然混淆不清，此点为历年高考考点，同学们一定要注意。命题角度预测：不定式的时态及语态有：to be doing；to have done；to have been done；to be done等形式，它的考查主要表现在语法及词汇知识及短文改错中。二、考题预测备考1测试考点1 Alice regretted her words they
38、 went out. A. on the instant B. the instant when C. the instant D. instantly1C点拨：考查instant的用法，the instant用作连词后面接从句，相当于一个时间状语，意为“一就”。句意为：“Alice的话一说出口，她就后悔了”。而B项when是多余的。 备考2测试考点 2 Nowadays, some people are very about their clothes and. hairstyle.A. special B. interest C. curious D. particular2D 点拨：考查
39、形容词辨析。be interested in“对感兴趣”，be curious about“对好奇”，be particular about“对过于讲究”；根据题意：年轻人对他们的穿着和发型特别讲究。故选D。 备考3测试考点 3 In order to save people on board, sailors were working as to pump the water. A. so crazy B. like craziness C. like hard D. for crazy3A 点拨：题意：“为了挽救船上人的生命，船员们拼命地抽水。”So一as to“如此以便”为固定搭配。B、
40、c、D搭配不当，应为like crazy/mad非常快地；拼命地；疯狂地；但都与 as to结构不符。备考4测试考点6 -What do you think of the house? -It to be worth 200,000 yuan. A. will expect B. is expected C. will be expecting D. has been expected4B点拨考查动词时态。此句的主语为house，house不能“期待；期望”所以只能用被动形式，排除掉A、C。根据题意：“_这个房子被期待值20万人民币。”故选B。备考5测试考点 6 -You havent los
41、t the ticket, have you? - . I know its not easy to get another one at the mo-A. I expect not B. Yes, I have C. I expect so D. Yes, Im afraid so5A点拨考查交际用语，语境和省略的运用能力。本题B、D两项以Yes开头。那就表示已经把票丢了，与后文内容不相符，不能只说再弄票不容易，而应表示着急或遗憾才对。c项用于前句是肯定句的时候，此处若用，意思就是：我希望如此(一我希望我已经把票丢了)，显然不合理，A项中的not代替上文的否定句，合乎语境。备考6测试考点
42、4 -Why are you so late this time? Im sorry, sir. I was by traffic jam. A. held down B. held hack C. held up D. held on6c 点拨考查动词短语辨析。hold down“限制；压制”；hold back，“退缩；阻止”；hold up“举起；阻碍；耽搁”;hold on“等一等；不挂断”，根据题意：“我来晚了是因为交通堵塞。”故选C。备考7测试语法 What was hedoing in his room? -As I know, he pretended his painting
43、.A. to mend B. to have mended C. to be mending D. to have been mended7c点拨：考查不定式的时态，根据题意：“据我所知，他假装正在修补他的画”。to be mending“正在修补”；而B表示已经补完，与语境不符合。故选c。 备考8测试考点 7 It was _ everybody liked it.A. such fun that B. such a fun that C. so fun that D. so interesting a fun8A点拨：考查名词fun及such/so引导的结果状语从句。fun为不可数名词，可
44、排除掉B、D两项，so为副词，修饰形容词、副词及动词，不能修饰名词，可排除掉C，such为形容词，可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词，故选A。备考9高考新题型:阅读填空题 When train fares went up for the third time in one year, I decided to buy a motorcycle to ride to work. My idea was that, although I would have to pay for tax, insurance and gasoline, I would still spend less than on
45、train tickets ovei the year. I might even save time on the journey from home to work. So I bought a small second-hand Japanese motorcycle. I began to learn to ride it. At first it seemed very difficult for me because I had never learned to ride an ordinary bicycle before. But I soon got used to it.
46、I just fell off once or twice during the first few weeks. But after a while I felt reasonably confident and rode to work every day, even when it was raining. It is, of course, one of the disadvantages, riding a motorcycle in the rain. To keep dry you have to dress up in water proof clothes, which so
47、on get very dirty. And its cold in winter, too. But my journey to work takes me half an hour less than it used fo take me on the train. Traffic jams dont worry me, and I dont have to wait on cold railway platforms for crowded trains. I dont know whether its cheaper than public transport, though, for
48、 I soon got dissatisfied with my small motorcycle and bought a bigger, faster and more expensive one Advantages Disadvantages He spends (1) on the journey from home to workHe saves (3) on the journeyHe doesnt have to worry about traffic jamsHe doesnt have to wait on the local railway platforms for (5) He has to wear waterproof clothes(2) Its cold riding a motorcycle in winterIf he rides a big and fast one，it is not (4)than traveling by train9(1)less money(2)on rainy days(3)half an hour (4)really cheaper(5)crowded trains
