《创新方案》2017届高考英语（北师大版）一轮复习教师用书：选修7 WORD版含答案.doc

1、Unit 19Language需写准记牢的单词记其形、明其义1nationwide adv.全国性地2thankful adj. 为感到高兴的；感谢的3global adj. 全世界的，全球的4absence n. 缺乏；缺席5enlarge vt. 扩大6adjust vt. 调节；调整7inform vt. 告知，通知8relative n. 亲戚，亲属9fasten vt. 束紧10sincerely adv. 真诚地需举一反三的单词知其性、通其变1fluency n流畅度，流利度fluent adj.流畅的2accuracy n精确度，准确度accurate adj.正确无误的3sur

2、round vt.环绕，围绕surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n环境4announcement n通告；宣告announce vt.通告；宣告5congratulate vt.祝贺congratulation n祝贺6unconscious adj.无意的；不知不觉的conscious adj.有意的；有知觉的7applicant n申请人apply vt.申请application n申请，请求；敷用8punctual adj.准时的，守时的punctually adv.如期地，准时地需会读明义的单词识其形、知其义1punctuation n 标点符号2roya

3、l adj. 王室的，皇家的3constitution n. 宪法4liberty n. 自由5fold v. 折叠；交叉6trend n. 趋势，倾向7theory n. 理论；学说8acquisition n. (语言)习得9attain vt. 达到；获得10curriculum n. (学校的)课程11adequate adj. 足够的，充分的12medium n. 媒介物；渠道13ensure vt. 确保，保证14accelerate vi.& vt. 加速15target n. 目标16guarantee vt. 保证17brochure n. 小册子18explicit adj

4、. 明确的；清楚的19rigid adj. 僵硬的20tight adj. 绷紧的21resemble vt. 像；与相似22transparent adj. 清晰易辨的；透明的23unrest n. 不安24merely adv. 只；仅仅25purchase vt. 购买26negotiate vt. 协商；谈判27ambiguous adj. 模棱两可的28offence n. 冒犯；得罪29approval n. 赞成；赞许；批准30certificate n. 证书；证明31registration n. 登记；注册32competence n. 能力33diploma n. 毕业证

5、书34candidate n. 候选人35regulation n. 规则36amateur adj. 业余的37personnel n. 全体职员1catch_on 学会，理解2on_purpose 故意地3on_the_other_hand 另一方面4inform_sb._of_sth. 通知某人某事5keep_sth._in_mind 牢记6lead_to 导致；通向7take_the_form_of_. 采取形式8get_ahead 取得成功，获得进步9differ_from 与相异，不同于10be_aware_of 意识到，觉察到，明白11be_associated_with 联系，

6、发生联系1教材原句However, learning_English_as_a_foreign_language_is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而，作为一门外语，在缺少母语环境的情况下，学英语是很困难的。句式解读动名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数形式。2教材原句It_was_predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the

7、case in the last few decades. 早在18世纪人们就预测，有一天英语将成为全球性语言，并且在过去的几十年中它已得到了证明。 句式解读It was predicted that .“据预测”。3教材原句This can take the form of reading and listening materials which must be_of_the_highest_quality(足够量的语言输入)可以以最高质量的阅读和听力材料的形式呈现。句式解读“be of n” 相当于“be adj.”。4教材原句Thirdly, you say that there is

8、 a discount provided_that I pay in advance.第三，你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。句式解读provided that “只要”，引导条件状语从句。重难抢分型词汇合作学会1absence n缺席；不在某处高考佳句(2013北京高考满分作文) I took pride in what I had done in the absence of my father.我为自己在爸爸不在家时的表现感到自豪。(1)in the absence of sb. in ones absence某人不在时absence of mind 心不在焉(2)absent adj. 不在

9、的；缺席的be absent from 不参加；缺席The decision was made in my absence.这个决定是我不在的时候作出的。His failure lies in his absence of mind.他的失败在于心不在焉。Tom was absent from school because he was ill.汤姆因病没去上学。.单句语法填空It was his absence (absent) of mind during driving that resulted in a terrible accident.He was absent from the

10、 conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.单句改错Those heat can warm things up pretty quickly in absence of a cooling system.in后加theIt is because of a long absence of school that I am a bit behind the other classmates.第二个offrom2surroundvt.& vi.包围；围绕高考佳句(2015福建高考阅读E)Then make sure the pe

11、ople you surround yourself with are supportive. Dont let negativity ruin your motivation. 然后确保你周围的人都是支持你的，不要让消极的因素毁掉你的动机。(1)surround sb./sth.with sb./sth.使某人/物包围某人/物be surrounded by/with 被包围(2)surrounding adj. 周围的(3)surroundings n. 环境(指周围的具体的物质环境)The professor loves to surround himself with his stud

12、ents.那位教授喜欢和他的学生们在一起。Surrounded by the sea on three sides, modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China.现代的青岛三面环水，被认为是中国最宜居的城市之一。Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.只有这样我们才能生活在更舒适更美丽的环境里。.单句语法填空I came to realize that the key to success

13、lay in trying to surround myself with creative people.The trees surrounding (surround) the town were planted by the soldiers ten years ago.The house is situated in very pleasant surroundings (surround).单句写作总之，欢迎你来我们学校并希望你能很快适应新环境。In_a_word,_you_are_welcome_to_our_school_and_I_hope_you_can_adapt_to_t

14、he_new_surroundings_soon.3ensurevt.保证；确保教材原句Quality input ensures quality output, whether it is speaking or writing.不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。ensure ones safety/success 保证某人的安全/成功ensure the safety/success of . 确保的安全/成功ensure sb. sth. 保证/确保某人(得到)某物ensure sb./sth. from/against . 保护某人/某物免受ensure that . ma

15、ke sure that . 保证Premier Li Keqiang said that we must ensure the safety of food the other day.几天前李克强总理说，我们必须确保食品安全。Enough sleep will ensure you quicker recovery.充足的睡眠能保证你尽快康复。These are safety devices to ensure workers against accidents.这些安全措施是为了保护工人不出事故。Steve and I worked frenetically to ensure that

16、 everything would go smoothly.我和史蒂夫发狂似的忙碌以保证一切顺利进行。 .单句语法填空No one can ensure you from/against failure.Proper clothing ensured us against/from suffering (suffer) from the cold.一句多译(我们)必须采取措施确保更多的物种免受灭顶之灾。1 Measures must be taken to ensure_more_species_from/against_becoming_extinct2 Measures must be t

17、aken to ensure_that_more_species_wont_become_extinct4guaranteevt.保证；担保；为作担保n.担保物；保证，保证书高考佳句(2015天津高考阅读D)Surely, there will be setbacks and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. 当然生活中会有挫折和失望；大胆本身不会保证成功。(1)guarantee to do sth.保证做某事 保证某人得到某物guarantee that 保证guarantee .

18、 against/from 保证免遭(2)give sb. a guarantee 给某人保证/承诺under guarantee 在保修期内We guarantee to deliver your goods within a week.我们保证一周内交货。I can guarantee you the quality of our digital camera. Should there be any problem, you can contact us and ask to replace it. 我能保证我们数码相机的质量，如果有任何问题，你可以联系我们要求更换。I apprecia

19、te your hard work, but I can not give you a guarantee that you will surely get promoted. 我欣赏你努力工作，但是我不能保证你一定能被提升。名师指津如果表达“保证某人做某事”，guarantee不能用于guarantee sb. to do .，只能用于guarantee to do .或guarantee that .。.介词填空The car is less than a year old, so it is still under guarantee.In fact, the colors of all

20、 the materials here are guaranteed against fading.句型转换Even if you complete your training I cant guarantee you a job. Even if you complete your training I cant guarantee a job to you. .用guarantee的相关短语完成小片段厂家向我们保证这台苹果平板电脑保修一年。也就是说，它有一年的保修期，因此它仍在保修期内。The manufacturer gives_us_a_guarantee that the iPad

21、is_guaranteed_for a year. That is to say, it has_a_years_guarantee,_so it is still under_guarantee5adjust vi.& vt.调整；使适合高考佳句(2015重庆高考完形B)For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start adjusting your biological clock to the destinations time.例如，你一上飞机，就开始把生物钟调整到目的地时间。(1)adjust sth.to sth. 调整以适

22、应adjust to sth./doing sth. 适应于(做)adjust oneself to 使自己适应于(2)adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应make an adjustment/adjustments to 对作出调整Adjust your language to the age of your audience.要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。It took her a while to adjust to living alone.她过了一段时间才适应独自生活。We must adjust ourselves to the new life as soon as p

23、ossible.我们必须尽快适应新生活。.单句语法填空When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust/adapt to living (live) on his own.He will have to make major adjustments (adjust) to his thinking if he is to survive in office.Some animals adjust themselves to their environment by instinct.单句写作(2014天津高考书面表达)然而，虽然天

24、气、食物与你以往的有所不同，我相信你会很快适应的。However, I_think_that_you_will_quickly_adjust_to_them although the weather and the food are different from yours.6informvt.通知；告诉高考佳句(2015福建高考单选)It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. Michael考虑很周全，(及时)通知我们他的延误以防我们担心。(1)inform sb.of sth

25、. 告诉/通知某人某事inform sb.that/when/how . 通知某人keep sb.informed (of .) 使某人随时了解()(2)information nU 通知；消息；情报；信息We need time to inform ourselves thoroughly of the problem.我们需要时间对这个问题有个透彻的了解。We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.我们很遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。The boss asked his secretary to keep

26、 him well informed of the programmes progress. 老板要求秘书随时向他报告计划的进展情况。.单句语法填空Had I informed him of the exact time for the meeting earlier, he wouldnt have been late yesterday.Im happy to_inform (inform) you that you have been promoted to captain.单句改错The newspapers keep us inform of what is going on aro

27、und us at any time.informinformedAll of these people gave me lots of informations I had never heard of.informationsinformation7congratulationn祝贺；恭喜(常用复数)高考佳句(2014陕西高考单选)I got that job I wanted at the public library.Congratulations! Thats good news.我得到了我想要的那份在公共图书馆的工作。祝贺你！ 真是个好消息。(1)Congratulations！

28、恭喜！祝贺！offer/send ones congratulations to sb.on sth. 为某事向某人祝贺(2) congratulate v. 祝贺congratulate sb.on (doing) sth. 祝贺某人(做了)某事congratulate oneself on 为庆幸/感到自豪We offer/send our congratulations to you on your passing the College Entrance Examination.我们祝贺你们通过了高考。The president telephoned and congratulated

29、 them on their landing on the moon.总统打电话祝贺他们登上了月球。I congratulated myself on my good fortune.我为自己的好运气感到高兴。个性比较congratulatecongratulate sb.on sth.“庆祝或祝贺某人某事”，指向别人祝贺，希望他人幸福或走运celebratecelebrate sth.“庆祝(仪式、胜利、典礼等)”，通常指举行盛大、隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面.选词填空(congratulate/celebrate)How do people celeb

30、rate New Year in your country?I congratulate you on your great success!They celebrated the 25th wedding anniversary in Florence and all their old friends went to congratulate them on their silver wedding, which moved them deeply.一句多译我们祝贺王先生生意兴隆。1 We_congratulated_Mr._Wang_on_his_success_in_business.

31、(congratulate)2 We_offered_our_congratulations_to_Mr._Wang_on_his_success_in_business.(congratulation)3 We_sent_our_congratulations_to_Mr._Wang_on_his_success_in_business.(congratulation)8negotiatev谈判；磋商；洽谈经典例句The two sides have not yet shown their willingness to negotiate.双方尚未表达出谈判的愿望。(1)negotiate

32、(sth.) with . 和谈判(某事)negotiate with sb. about/for sth. 与某人商谈某事(2)negotiation n. 谈判；洽谈open to negotiation 可以谈判的；能协商的under negotiation 在商谈中The airline is negotiating a new contract with the union.该航空公司正在和工会商议新的合同。The terms of the wage settlement are still under negotiation.该工资协议的条款还在商谈之中。.单句语法填空The go

33、vernment will not negotiate with_ the terrorists.Negotiating (negotiate) on price is a complex and difficult task, in which many factors are involved. We have had meaningful negotiations (negotiate) and I believe we are very close to a deal.句型转换The details of the contract are still under negotiation

34、.The details of the contract are still being negotiated9on the other hand 另一方面；反过来说高考佳句(2014江西高考单选)Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.On the other hand, it could just put you in debt.创业是获得经济独立的一种方法。另一方面，它也可能使你负债。on (the) one hand ., on the other hand . 一方面，

35、另一方面at hand 在手边，在附近，即将到来at first/second hand 第一/二手地，直/间接地by hand 用手，手工，亲自in hand 在掌握中，在进行中hand in hand 手牵手，共同地On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgment.一方面我钦佩他的天赋，但另一方面我又怀疑他的判断能力。She stayed there to experience village life at first hand.她留在那儿亲身体验乡村生活。People in

36、 different parts of the world should work hand in hand to fight against pollution.来自世界各地的人们应该携手与污染作斗争。.介词填空(2014辽宁高考阅读A)A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops.President Xi Jinping thinks we have some concerns at hand to b

37、e dealt with to make our country stable.In those days to come he will walk hand in hand with us.By this time next summer, you will have found a wellpaid job. I, on the other hand, will still be studying for my degree.翻译句子一方面我们的工业缺少能源，另一方面大量的能源正在被浪费掉。On_the_one_hand,_our_industry_is_short_of_energy_s

38、ource,_but_on_the_other_hand,_a_great_amount_of_energy_source_is_being_wasted.常考保分型词汇自主练会1attainvt.(通常经过努力)获得，得到；达到(某年龄、水平、状况)练习用attain的适当形式填空He finally attained his goal after fighting for many years.The standard is easily attainable by most students.attain ones goal “实现目标”；attainable adj. “可达到的；可获

39、得的”。 2embarrassvt.使窘迫；使尴尬；使为难练习用embarrass的适当形式填空That was an embarrassing situation for me.Much to her embarrassment,_all of her friends refused to go to her birthday party.She felt embarrassed by so much praise and rose from her seat and left quietly.embarrassing “令人尴尬/难堪的”，通常修饰物；embarrassed “尴尬/难堪的

40、”，通常修饰人；embarrassment n“尴尬、困窘”。3catch on学会；受欢迎；流行起来；(与to连用)理解；接受练习写出句中catch on的含义Being a foreigner, Carl did not catch on to the joke. 理解He invented a new game, but it never really caught on. 受欢迎；流行起来catch on 在不同的语境中有不同的含义，注意区分。4on purpose故意地练习写出下列句中黑体部分的含义I wouldnt go shopping for the mere purpose

41、of buying a pair of socks.为了的目的He went to town with the purpose of visiting one of his friends.带着的目的A fool may sometimes speak to the purpose. 中肯的；得要领的He broke the glass on purpose not by accident.故意地for the purpose of “为了的目的”；with the purpose of “带着的目的”；to the purpose “中肯的；得要领的；合适的”；on purpose “故意地

42、”。 5adequateadj.足够的；充分的；胜任的练习介词填空The citys water supply is no longer adequate for its need.Though a bit too old, he is still adequate to the work.be adequate for “足够”；be adequate to “胜任”。6resemblevt.像；与相似练习完成句子He strongly resembles_his_father_in character.在性格上，他酷似他的父亲。resemble sb./sth. in . “在方面与某人/

43、物相似”；resemble 不能用于进行时，也没有被动语态。 Thirdly, you say that there is a discount provided_that I pay in advance. 第三，你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。provided that引导一个条件状语从句，意为“如果，只要”；provided可以换成providing, that可省略。与之同义的结构有：on condition that/only if/as long as/so long as/if/suppose (supposing) that/given that/assuming (assume)

44、 that等。So long as the price is right, well buy everything you produce.只要价格合理，我们将采购你们所有的产品。Supposing that it rains, can we play the match indoors?要是下雨的话，我们在室内比赛行吗？Given that I have a knowledge of computer, I wont trouble you with such small things.假如我懂电脑，我就不会用这些小事情麻烦你了。.单句改错We accept your offer assum

45、ed that shipment is made in November.assumedassumingGiving that he can meet with the support of most of the classmates, he will be elected monitor. GivingGiven.句型转换Provided that we have good weather, it will be a successful holiday.Providing/Suppose/Supposing/Given/Assume/Assuming that we have good

46、weather, it will be a successful holiday.On condition that/As long as we have good weather, it will be a successful holiday.单元基础落实练.用所给词的适当形式填空1Up to now, the old tree in my yard has attained (attain) the age of one hundred.2My parents had trouble adjusting (adjust) to living in an apartment.3. He g

47、ot there punctually,_who is always punctual for an appointment.(punctual)4Many applicants are filling in the application forms in order to apply for the post.(apply)5. (2016威海模拟)He is always accurate at figures and can accurately describe what he finds, so the accuracy of his report is beyond doubt.

48、(accurate).单句改错1(2016宝鸡第二学段测评)He owed his success to the fact which he worked twice as long hours as other colleagues.whichthat2I am sure we can help you solve the problem, provide that you tell us all the necessary information.provideprovided或providing3What impresses me most is that the little girl

49、 can speak English fluent.fluentfluently4Teachers like students who are very quick to catch on things.on后加to5The boy is poor, to whom love was totally absent of his childhood.offrom.选词填空on purpose, on the other hand, catch on, keep in mind, be similar to, be aware of, focus on, stand out, regardless

50、 of, provided that1Please repeat what you said; I didnt quite catch_on2This is especially true here, and it was on_purpose3Be_aware_of your weaknesses, and overcome them.4On_the_other_hand,_I have difficulty in listening.5We also tend to be_similar_to our friends and family on income and wealth meas

51、ures.6And keep_in_mind that the more careful you are, the better results youll get.7I will come provided_that I am well enough.8The club welcomes all new members regardless_of age.9He played the violin, and he stood_out from all the other musicians.10(2016烟台质检)That study focused_on how much social s

52、upport the students received.完成句子1Enjoying_the_sunshine is great fun.享受阳光是一件乐事。2(2016长春质检)It_is_predicted_that the use of cloud platforms could triple in the next couple of years.有人预测，未来几年云平台的使用将会翻三倍。3They all think the press conference is_of_great_importance他们都认为这个新闻发布会很重要。4I agree to go provided_t

53、hat_my_expenses_are_paid假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。5She found it hard to_adjust_to_working_at_night,_so every day she would take some pills to_ensure herself a good sleep.她发现很难适应晚上工作，因此每天她都服用一些药物以保证自己睡好。6(2016河北邯郸高三调研)The old man lives in a house with a yard surrounded_by a rock wall.老人住在一座院子被石头墙环绕的房子里。7(2016太原

54、模拟)In_the_absence_of his father, he studied hard and got_ahead quickly, which greatly surprised his father.在她爸爸不在时，他努力学习并且很快取得了进步，这让他爸爸很惊喜。.课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It was predicted that as early as the 1700s English would one day be the global language and it has proved to be the

55、 case in the last few decades. The growth (grow) of international companies and the great advances in communications have started the trend for learning English as a foreign language. In todays world, being (be) able to speak more than one language, including (include) English, is how you stand out

56、and get ahead.However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment. Some respected (respect) theories on language acquisition believe that to_attain (attain) a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language, you need to be surrou

57、nded by it. But sadly, the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an Englishspeaking country are small. Therefore,_most of us have to rely on what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum.话题微写作根据提示， 利用本单元所学知识， 完成下面的小作文。1老板不在期间， 李华总是业务缠身。(in the absence of, be surroun

58、ded by)2今天早上，他先是接到通知和一家重要公司谈判，然后他要去为一家新公司开业贺喜。(be informed, negotiate with, be to do, congratulate .on)3不管愿不愿意，他都得尽其所能以确保顾客满意。(whether .or ., ensure)4只要公司业务得以发展，他们的产品真正受欢迎，他乐意让自己适应这种忙碌的生活。(provided that, get ahead, catch on, adjust oneself to)In the absence of the boss, Li Hua is always surrounded b

59、y business. This morning, he was first informed that he had to negotiate with an important company, then he was to congratulate a new firm on its opening. Whether he was willing or not, he would try his best to ensure the guests were pleased. Provided that the business of their company gets ahead an

60、d their products really catch on, he is ready to adjust himself to such a busy life.高考题型提能练.阅读理解AI sat with a friend a few weeks ago as she scrolled through photos of her college freshman daughter on her phone. She asked me, “Doesnt she look happy? She looks OK, right？” Her daughter had recently had

61、 a difficult time, which was now over, but her mother like all mothers would still worried, sometimes, that something might be wrong.For generations of parents, sending children off to college meant knowing little to nothing about how their children were doing. Other than the occasional letter or ca

62、ll from a dorm room phone, children who had left home were mostly unseen and heard from infrequently. College kids could get into all kinds of trouble and their parents would know nothing about it until Christmas vacation or summer break.Now, of course, thats not at all how it is. Parents of college

63、 students can spend hour upon hour examining photos on Instagram or Facebook of their children. They look for hints of sadness in their eyes, the way their clothes fit, whether theyre really smiling or just sort of smiling.However, I dont think its necessary. College is a time of intense personal gr

64、owth. Pain is a necessary lesson for the emotional leap from childhood to adulthood. Mothers shouldnt be able to see photos in real time that capture their children when theyre at their worst whether because of too much alcohol or too little happiness.The blessing of social media is the ability to c

65、onnect at any time with your child, no matter where he or she may be in the world. Facebook, Instagram and the rest are keeping our helicopters flying long after they should have landed. Maybe it would be better for all of us to be a little less aware of the state of our childrens lives once they le

66、ave home. Better for the children, and certainly better for the parents.语篇解读：作者认为父母没必要通过社交工具实时掌握他们的孩子在大学的情况。1That friend scrolled through photos on her phone most probably because she _Awas bored and wanted to kill the timeBwanted to make sure her daughter was alrightCwanted to help her daughter thr

67、ough the difficultyDwas sure something was wrong with her daughter解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段的“Her daughter had recently had a difficult time, which was now over, but her mother like all mothers would still worried, sometimes, that something might be wrong.”可知，作者的那位朋友是想确认她的女儿是否一切安好。2What does Paragraph 2 tell

68、us about parents of college students in the past?AThey were often worried about their children.BThey usually let their children do whatever they liked.CThey were usually too busy to care about their children.DThey lacked means of knowing about their childrens situation.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段的“For generati

69、ons of parents, sending children off to college meant knowing little to nothing about how their children were doing.”以及“.their parents would know nothing about it until Christmas vacation or summer break.”可知，过去的父母缺少了解他们的孩子在大学里情况的途径。3What does the writer think of childrens experiencing pain at colleg

70、e?AIt is helpless.BIt is necessary.CIt is nonsense. DIt should be prevented.解析：选B作者观点题。根据第四段的“Pain is a necessary lesson for the emotional leap from childhood to adulthood.”可知，作者认为大学生在学校里经历伤痛是必要的。4The passage is written to show that _Achildren dont really have freedom at collegeBsocial media make ou

71、r life much easier than beforeCtodays parents contact their children more frequentlyDparents shouldnt follow their children at college through social media解析：选D作者意图题。根据末段的“Maybe it would be better for all of us to be a little less aware of the state of our childrens lives once they leave home. Bette

72、r for the children, and certainly better for the parents.”可推断，作者是想通过文章表明，父母不应该实时掌握他们的孩子在大学里的情况。BPeople in several American states may be surprised to see cars on city streets without a driver. Experimental driverless vehicles now are legal in Florida, Nevada and California. They are pointing the way

73、 to a future that is not far down the road. The high tech company Google has a number of selfdriving cars, which had covered 480，000 kilometers by August. Volvo is among the companies doing road tests and says it plans to sell driverless cars by 2020. In September, California Governor Jerry Brown si

74、gned an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state. “Today were looking at science fiction becoming tomorrows reality the driverless car.” The technology for these cars includes cameras, radar and motion sensors. The systems have been improved through competitions sponsored by the U.

75、 S. government agency DARPA. Engineer Richard Mason of the Rand Corporation helped design driverless vehicles for DARPA challenge races. Cars have become much more fuelefficient, and new electronic features are making Hondas safer, said Angie Nucci of Honda America. “A camera on the passengerside mi

76、rror actually engaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes.” Other safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars. These systems help drivers, but dont replace them. Curator Leslie Kendall of the Petersen Automotive Museum said autonomous cars will ma

77、ke the high ways safer. “By taking out drivers, you also remove most risks of an accident，” Kendall said. He said, “Consumers, however, may be unwilling to lose control. It may take them time to come to realize that the technology is indeed reliable, but it will have to prove itself first.” Mason sa

78、id the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable. He said this will happen as the technology is improved.语篇解读：本文是一篇科技类文章，本篇介绍了一种新型交通工具无人驾驶汽车，这种汽车能够减少交通事故的发生。5According to

79、the passage, California Governor Jerry Brown _Ais for the idea of having driverless carsBsponsored the DARPA competition to improve the driverless systemChas already bought a new autonomous carDthinks that driving safety is the most important issue in his state解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段“California Governor Je

80、rry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state.”加利福尼亚州长Jerry Brown签署了允许这种自动(无人驾驶的)汽车在本州行驶的法令。由此可见，Jerry Brown是支持这个想法的，故选A。6What is the role of the systems mentioned in Paragraph 3?AThey can help cars run much faster.BThey can take the place of drivers now.CThey can ma

81、ke cars run without fuel.DThey can help people drive more safely.解析：选D细节理解题。文章第三段主要描述这种无人驾驶汽车的安全性能，故选D。7In Kendalls opinion, who probably dont rely on the driverless cars at first?AManagers in the high tech company Google.BOfficers from the U. S. government agency DARPA.CCar consumers. DVehicle desi

82、gners.解析：选C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Consumers, however, may be unwilling to lose control. It may take them time to come to realize that the technology is indeed reliable, but it will have to prove itself first.”可知Kendall认为消费者可能不愿意失去(对车子)的控制，可能要花一段时间才能意识到这项技术的可靠性，但是这项技术首先要证明自己(是可靠的)。由此可推断出汽车的消费者在一开始可能不信任这项技术。故选

83、C。8According to Richard Mason, what is the biggest challenge for driverless cars?AThey need to have more comfortable seats.BThey are now too expensive for consumers.CThey are travelling at a low speed.DThey are not favored by car racers.解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Mason said the technology already works and

84、 the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable.”可知，Mason认为这项技术现在面临的最大的挑战就是把无人驾驶汽车的高成本降低到可以承担得起的程度。由此我们能判断出现在的价格是偏高的，故选B。COne afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my sons school being com

85、forted by teachers.That morning, my 11yearold son had stomach pains, retching (干呕) into a bowl.Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficulty sleeping the night before.What caused so much pain？Sports day.Sports day might be necessary at a highlycompetitiv

86、e independent school, but not at a village primary school.For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day causes no problem.For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is a nightmare (噩梦)Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire sch

87、ool and their parents, it can prove a disaster.Why do we put our children through this annual suffering？Some may say competition is character building; or its taking part, not winning, thats important；or that it is a tradition of school life.I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in p

88、ain.Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting and were fun to watch.More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyones eyes.Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winnin

89、g side.I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other lesscompetitive event.Perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.语篇解读：本文作者对于小学生举行运动会发表了看法，认为运动会对于一部分孩子来说是噩梦，学校应该举行一些竞争

90、力不太强的运动。9What can we learn about the authors son from Paragraph 1?AHe talked with some mothers.BHe comforted his classmates.CHe had difficulty in sleeping.DHe suffered from stomachache.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“my 11yearold son had stomach pains, retching (干呕) into a bowl”可知选D。10Sports day is still an ann

91、ual event in this school probably because _Athis is an independent schoolBit is a tradition of the schoolCit helps children lose weightDchildren enjoy watching sports解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句“or that it is a tradition of school life”可知选B。11What does the author think about team games?AThey should inclu

92、de more stressful races.BThey are acceptable to different children.CThey should be abandoned at primary schools.DThey are less fun for those who love running.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句话可知作者希望学校可以多举办一些团队项目让更多的学生参加，故B对，A不对；作者并没有说要取消团队项目，故C不对；根据第二段第四句话可知，对于喜欢跑步的学生来说运动会不会造成问题，故D不对。12What is the authors attitu

93、de towards sports day?ACritical. BNeutral.CPositive. D.Ambiguous.解析：选A观点态度题。通读全文可知作者并不赞同现在运动会的召开方式，故选A。critical“批判的”；neutral“中立的”；positive“支持的”；ambiguous“不明确的”。.任务型阅读 (2016江西省吉安市模拟)1._ You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better

94、 student if he or she wants to. Here is how：Plan your time carefully. When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a good, regular time

95、for studying. 2._ A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but s

96、tudy materials. No games, radios, or television. When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject. Make good use of your time in class. 3._ Listening carefully in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.Study regularly. When you get home from scho

97、ol, go over your notes, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material. 4._ If you do these things regularly, the material will become more meaningful, and youll remember it longer. Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to

98、 show what you have learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world wont end if you dont pass a test, so dont be over worried. 5_ You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. AThere are other methods that might help you with your studying. BDont fo

99、rget to set aside enough time for entertainment.CTake advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says. DNo one can become a top student unless he or she works hard. EMaybe you are an average student. FMake full use of class time to take notes of what the teacher says in class. GThis

100、 will help you understand the next class. 答案：15EBCGA.语法填空(2016太原市第二学段测评)When I was ten years old, I broke my arm. My parents were really busy with their work, so they took me to my 1._ (grandparent) and asked my grandma to help look after me.At that time my grandma 2._ (teach) at a school which was

101、just a few miles from her house. Every day while we were getting 3._ (dress), my grandpa would prepare our lunch and pack it 4._ a brown paper grocery bag.I will always remember the first day 5._ my grandma set out the huge lunch on the table for her and me. I knew we could never eat it all. Then I

102、heard my grandma call a boy over to the table, 6._ (say), “Mr. Turner packed this lunch, but we cant eat it all. Do you think you could help us？” The boy 7._ (quick) answered he could. Several days later, I learned that the boy often didnt bring any lunch to school 8._ his family was very poor. My g

103、randma often brought more food than we could eat 9._ (feed) that boy.Now fifteen years later, my grandma has passed away, but her actions still encourage me to help 10._ poor.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了奶奶总是多带食物给一个因家里穷不带午餐的男孩吃的善举。奶奶的善举鼓舞作者热心地帮助穷人。1grandparents作者手臂受伤，父母工作太忙没时间照顾他，因此把作者送到祖父母家。英语中，表示“某人的家、某商店、某诊所

104、”等，常用该名词的所有格表示而省去所修饰的名词。因为grandparents是以s结尾的复数名词，故其后加“”。2was teaching/taught作者的奶奶那时在离家几英里路远的学校当老师。根据at that time“在那时”，这里可以用一般过去时，陈述过去的一件事实或过去进行时，表示过去某一段时间一直在做某事。3dressedget dressed是“getadj.”的用法，dressed是过去分词充当形容词，表示“穿好衣服的”。4in(to)句意：在我们穿衣打扮的时候，爷爷准备了吃的，并且打包在一个褐色购物纸袋里。pack . (up) in(to)“把打包到”。5when句意：我

105、将永远记得第一天，那时奶奶把一大包给我们俩吃的午餐放在桌子上。先行词为“the first day”，关系词在从句中作时间状语。故用关系副词when。6saying作者听到奶奶叫过来一个男孩，说要他帮忙把这一大包食物吃完。动词say作伴随状语，与“my grandma”构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用say的现在分词形式。7quickly修饰动词answer应该用副词。8because作者得知，因为家里很穷，那个男孩总是不带午餐到学校。后句与前句之间是逻辑上的因果关系。9to feed奶奶经常带很多的食物，“我们”总是吃不完。奶奶这样做，目的是把吃不完的食物给那个男孩吃。空格前后含有逻辑上的目的关系

106、。故用动词不定式结构。10the十五年以后，奶奶虽然去世了，但是她的善举鼓励“我”继续帮助穷人。英语中，“the形容词”表示一类人。.书面表达假设你是李华，在准备出国留学时遇到了一些困难，打算求助英语外教Peter，但是他有事回国了。请按照以下要点，给他写一封电子邮件。写作要点：1问候Peter回国后的情况；2说明你遇到的困难；3请Peter写一封推荐信。注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：Dear Peter， How is everything going now? Youve been away for more than one month, an

107、d we all miss you very much. Im writing here to ask you for some help. I once told you that I dreamed of studying abroad after graduating from high school. Recently, I have been preparing to apply to an American university, which troubles me a lot. With a lot of factors to take into consideration, I

108、 hesitate over how to choose a suitable university. Whats more, in the process of preparing required materials, I have difficulty in writing a personal statement. Could you give me some suggestions about them? Besides, would you please write a recommendation letter for me? Im looking forward to your

109、 early reply.Yours，Li HuaUnit 20New Frontiers需写准记牢的单词记其形、明其义1assist vt.帮助；协助2latter n. 后者3shortly adv. 不久；很快4creator n. 创造者5colleague n. 同事，同僚6rescue vt. 拯救，救援7exit n. 出口8original adj. 起初的；最早的9meanwhile adv. 同时10outspoken adj. 直言的，坦率的11outcome n. 后果，结果12headline n. 大标题需举一反三的单词知其性、通其变1technical adj.技

110、术上的technique n技术，技巧technology n工艺学；技术2starvation n饥饿starve vi.饿死，饥饿3equality n平等equal adj.公平的，平等的4assess vt.评价；评估assessment n看法，评价，评定assessor n顾问；评判员5donate vt.捐赠；赠送donation n捐赠6correspond vi.通信；符合correspondence n通信；一致，符合7exploration n探测；探险explore v探索，探测8phenomenon n(单数形式)现象phenomena n(复数形式)现象9permi

111、t vt.许可，允许n.许可证；通行证permission n允许，许可10declare vt.宣告；宣布declaration n宣告；宣布需会读明义的单词识其形、知其义1software n 软件2radiation n. 放射；辐射3radioactive adj. 放射性的4emotional adj. 情感(上)的5journal n. 杂志6issue n. 问题；议题7recreation n. 消遣；娱乐8seminar n. 研讨会9enterprise n. 事业；企业10handy adj. 方便使用的11download vt. 下载12update vt. 更新13

112、stainless adj. 无污迹的14worn adj. 磨损的15discrimination n. 歧视；识别力16conflict n. 争执；冲突17electronic adj. 电子的18specialist n. 专家19participant n. 参加者20present vt. 主持(电视或广播节目)；呈现21category n. 类别；类型22autonomous adj. 自主的；自治的23programmer n. 电脑程序编制员24official n. 官员25invest vt. 投资26disconnect v. 使不连接；切断27operational

113、 adj. 工作着的，即可使用的28instructor n. 指导者；教练29dilemma n. 困境，进退两难的窘境30cure vt. 治愈31patent n. 专利32ancestor n. 祖先；祖宗33boundary n. 界线；边界34fade vi. 逐渐变弱35barrier n. 障碍；屏障36primitive adj. 原始的37permanent adj. 长久的，永久的38initial adj. 最初的，开始的39press vt. 按；压40poisonous adj. 有毒的41souvenir n. 纪念品42settler n. 移民；殖民者1com

114、e_into_conflict 发生冲突2click_into 点击进入3take_over 接管，接收4in_progress 在进行中5get_at_sth. 发现或查明某物6wrestle_with_sth. 努力解决难以处理的事情7nothing_like 完全不像8not_to_mention 更不用说9kick_off 开球；开始1教材原句We started flying around the world and meanwhile, scientists figured out how_to_split the atom, .我们开始坐飞机环游世界，与此同时，科学家们发现了怎样

115、分离原子，句式解读“疑问词不定式”在句中作宾语、主语或表语。2教材原句By the year 2015, the clothing industry will_have_produced new types of material that will remain stainless no_matter_what you spill on them.到2015年，服装工业将生产出新型的布料，不管你溅在它们上面什么东西都不会留下痕迹。句式解读“by 时间点”作状语时，句子的谓语动词用相应的完成时；no matter what引导让步状语从句。3教材原句There_is_no_doubt_abou

116、t it.关于这一点是毫无疑问的。句式解读There is no doubt about . “方面是毫无疑问的”。4教材原句The next step will be_to_send astronauts into the Earths orbit in order to set up space stations to conduct experiments.为了建立空间站进行实验，下一步要送宇航员进入地球轨道。句式解读be to do .表示计划中约定或按职责、义务和要求必须去做某事或即将发生某事。重难抢分型词汇合作学会1assistv帮助；协助；援助高考佳句(2015天津高考阅读B)T

117、he companys “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the products location in the store.这个公司的机器人Oshbot 是用于在商店里协助顾客的，可以帮助顾客找到商品，指导他们找到店里商品的摆放地。(1)assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事assist sb. to do/in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事(2)assistanc

118、e nU 帮助with the assistance of 在的帮助下come/go to ones assistance 来/去帮助某人(3)assistant nC 助手；助理；助教；店员 The public is urgently requested to assist police in tracing/to trace this man.紧急要求公众帮助警方追踪此人。She ran a shop with the assistance of others.在别人的帮助下，她开了一家店铺。.介词填空The girl could not get her cat off the tree

119、. A man came to her assistance.We asked him to assist us in designing a new bridge.The teacher decided to assist me with my English study.The patient was able to walk with the assistance of a cane.句式升级He was assisted by his teacher and he achieved his dream.Assisted_by_his_teacher,_he_achieved_his_d

120、ream. (用过去分词短语作状语)2conflictn& v斗争；冲突教材原句There will therefore no longer be any conflict and people will be able to live together in peace and equality.所以将不会再有任何冲突，人们将能够在和平与平等中生活在一起。(1)in conflict with和冲突，抵触，有矛盾in conflict 处于矛盾中come into conflict with 和冲突lead to/limit/settle conflict 引起/限制/解决冲突bring s

121、b. into conflict with 使某人和发生冲突、争执(2)conflict with 和冲突；与战斗Their policies are in conflict with their manifesto.他们的政策与他们的宣言不一致。This is a serious dispute, and could lead to armed conflict.这是一场严重的争端，有可能导致武装斗争。.用conflict的相关短语填空It is in_conflict_with the existing policy.The two companies often come_into_co

122、nflict with each other as a result of competition.These ideas had brought him into_conflict_with Stalin.一句多译据报道，在罢工中有些工人与警察发生了冲突。1 It is reported that some workers on strike conflicted_with_the_police. (conflict v)2 It is reported that some workers on strike came_into_conflict_with_the_police. (conf

123、lict n)3donatevt.捐赠，赠送；捐献(器官)高考佳句(2015天津高考写作) I believe these donated books will not only make you more familiar with China but help enhance your Chinese.我相信捐赠的这些书不仅会使你们更了解中国，而且会帮助你们提高汉语。(1)donate sth. to 把某物捐献给(2)donation nC 捐赠；捐赠物；捐款collect donation for . 为募捐make/give/present a donation to 向捐赠(3)d

124、onator nC 捐赠者，赠送者He frequently donates large sums to charity.他常常向慈善机构捐赠大笔钱款。I have made a donation to help the survivors of the earthquake.我已经向那些在此次地震中的幸存者捐了款。.介词填空We are collecting donations for the relief fund.Thousands of people are beginning to donate for the poor.He made a donation of 5，000 dol

125、lars to_ the library.一句多译他以他母亲的名义给这所教堂捐款。1 He_made_a_donation_to_this_church_in_the_name_of_his_mother. (donation)2 He_donated_to_this_church_in_the_name_of_his_mother. (donate).单句写作幸运的是，许多人和组织捐了大笔钱帮助他们顺利地接受大学教育。Luckily,_many_people_and_organizations_donate_a_lot_of_money_to_help_them_receive_colleg

126、e_education_smoothly.4permitv许可；允许；准许 n通行证；许可证；执照高考佳句(2015天津高考阅读A)Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. 住在设有厨房的楼房里的学生只准在厨房做饭。(1)permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事(2)a drivers/driving permit 驾驶执照(3)permission nU 允许；许可with/without

127、ones permission 获得某人同意/没有获得某人同意ask for permission 请求允许 Many cities permit migrant workers to apply for a hukou, but their family members are not permitted to apply.许多城市允许外来务工人员申请户口，但是他们的家庭成员不允许申请。Without a drivers permit, you are not permitted to drive the car.你若没有驾驶执照，就不允许开这辆车。With your permission,

128、 I will carry out the project as soon as possible.如果你允许的话，我将尽快展开这项计划。名师指津permit用作不及物动词，可表示“(时间、条件、天气等)允许的话”，此时常用于独立主格结构，即“名词现在分词”。也可在前面加if表示条件。联想发散动词permit的常见用法：permit sb.to do sth./permit doing sth.，根据汉语提示写出用法类似的动词。allow sb.to do/doing允许(某人)做forbid sb.to do/doing 禁止(某人)做encourage sb.to do/doing 鼓励(

129、某人)做advise sb.to do/doing 建议(某人)做.单句语法填空The rules of the school do not permit parking (park) near the school gate.Weather permitting (permit), we will set off for the warehouse for some bargains.Passengers are permitted to_carry (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. .单句写作时间允许的话，我希望有

130、更多的业余时间与朋友一起度过，以便我们能有更好的关系。Time_permitting,_I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.5declarev宣告，宣布；声明，表明；宣称；断言高考佳句(2015湖北高考完形)Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a proud smile that he sold six dozen the day before.几个男孩

131、正簇拥着查德，他带着自豪的微笑宣布自己前一天卖了6打报纸。declare .to be宣布为declare war on 向宣战declare for/against 声明赞成/反对declare sth. open/closed 宣布某事开始/结束The UN. has declared it to be a safe zone.联合国已宣布它为安全区。Since then, he has effectively declared war on the group.自那时起，他实际上已经向该团体宣战。 个性比较declare指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重当众宣布，多用于宣战

132、、议和、宣判、表明立场等announce指把人们关心或感兴趣的事公布于众，尤指新闻之类的消息形象识记.选词填空(declare/announce)Our country has declared against any war between South Korea and North Korea, which will be announced.It was declared that the meeting will be postponed.完成句子When they asked him for his opinion, he declared_strongly_against (声明强

133、烈反对) the policy.The French and British government declared_war_on (向宣战) Libya in 2011 and they won it nine months later.The bell rang, announcing_the_end_of_the_class (宣布课结束)6correspondv通信；相一致，符合；相当于经典例句The translation does not quite correspond to the original.译文不切合原意。(1)correspond to/with和一致corresp

134、ond with 和通信(2)correspondence nU 来往信件，通信(联系)；相关；相似in correspondence with 与有通信联系correspondent nC 记者，通讯员(3)corresponding adj. 符合的，相应的，相关的She still corresponds with American friends she met nine years ago.她仍与9年前结识的美国朋友们通信。We have been in correspondence with each other for months. 我们保持通信已经好几个月了。.用corres

135、pond的适当形式填空Your account of events does not correspond with hers.Investment in the railways will bring a corresponding improvement in services.His interest in writing came from a long correspondence with a close college friend.翻译句子随着通信技术的普及，人们网上交友越来越方便。With_the_popularity_of_correspondence,_it_is_bec

136、oming_more_and_more_convenient_for_people_to_make_friends_online.7in advance预先，提前高考佳句 (2015湖南高考阅读C)The inspection at the light station was often announced in advance.对灯光站的检查通常是事先通知的。(1)in advance ahead of time 预先；提前(指事先)in advance of 在前面；超过make advances in 在方面取得进步(2)advance on/upon/towards 朝前进(3)adv

137、anced adj. 高等的；先进的；高深的be advanced to . 被提升为China has made great advances in science and technology.中国在科技方面进步很大。The mob advanced on us, shouting angrily.暴民愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。Having shown you around our school, we will introduce our most advanced science lab to you.领着您参观我们学校后，我们将向您介绍我校最先进的科技实验室。.单句语法填空This r

138、esearch has done much to_advance (advance) our understanding of language learning.We arent advanced (advance) learners of English; we should spend more time on it.To make sure that he was at home, I called him up in advance.People had left the coastal regions in advance of the hurricane.句型转换We will

139、pay him for travelling expenses ahead of time.We will pay him for travelling expenses in advanceThey had moved forward 20 miles by nightfall.They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall.常考保分型词汇自主练会1rescuen& vt.援救；营救练习单句语法填空“Never for a second”， the boy says, “did I doubt that my father would come to_ my

140、rescue”The whole family were rescued from the fire last e/go to sb.s rescue “前来(去)救某人”；rescue sb. from . “把某人从中解救出来”。 2meanwhileadv.同时；与此同时；其间练习用meanwhile的相关短语完成句子It will be a great help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. In_the_meanwhile Ill set the table.in the meanwhile/meant

141、ime“在此期间，同时”。 3latteradj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的 n后者练习完成句子Mary and Jane are both my friends. The former is a clerk in a bank and the_latter teaches English in a middle school.玛丽和简都是我的朋友，前者是银行的职员，后者在中学教英语。the former .the latter .“前者后者”。 4assess v评价；评估；评判练习完成句子Its difficult to assess_the_effects of the new r

142、egulations right now.现在还难以评价新法规的效果。The value of this property was/is_assessed_at one million dollars.这笔财产估价为一百万美元。assess sth. at .“对估价为”。 5take over接收；接管；接任练习用take的相关短语完成句子He was homeless, so we took him inThe company took_on some skillful workers.He will take_over my job while I am on holiday.I was

143、 given some pills to take_away the pain.take in “吸收，收留，理解”；take on “呈现，雇佣”；take away “解除，消除”。 1By_the_year_2015,_the clothing industry will_have_produced new types of material that will remain stainless no matterwhat you spill on them.到2015年，服装工业将生产出新型的布料，不管你溅在它们上面什么东西都不会留下痕迹。by the year 2015是“by时间点

144、”构成的介词短语，表示“到时候”。这一结构通常用于完成时态的句子中作时间状语，分为两种情况：(1)by表示将来的时间点，句子谓语动词常用将来完成时，表示到将来某一时间已经完成的动作。By the time you practice medicine, I will have been a doctor for twenty years.等到你行医的时候，我当医生就已经20年了。(2)by表示过去的时间点，句子谓语动词常用过去完成时，表示到过去某一时间已经完成的动作。By the time they returned almost a year later, his relatives and

145、neighbors had left.等到大概一年之后他们回到家乡，他的亲戚和邻居都已经走了。联想发散by_now,_by_this_time,_by_the_end_of等通常都要与完成时态连用。.单句语法填空We shall_have_fulfilled (fulfill) the task by the end of this week.He said he had_waited (wait) for two hours by the time we got there.对比翻译到上个学期末为止，我们已经学了3 000个英语单词。We_had_learned_3，000_English_

146、words_by_the_end_of_last_term.到下个学期末为止，我们将学习3 000个英语单词。We_will_have_learned_3，000_English_words_by_the_end_of_next_term.2There_is_no_doubt_about it.关于这一点是毫无疑问的。There is no doubt后接that从句或“about名词”结构，意为“毫无疑问”。There is doubt后接whether引导的从句或“about名词”结构，意为“值得怀疑”。There is no doubt about Chinas ability to d

147、eal with some emergencies.对中国政府处理一些紧急事情的能力我们应深信不疑。 There is much doubt whether he will keep his word.他是否会信守诺言值得怀疑。名师指津doubt v& n“怀疑；疑问”，作动词时，其用法如下：在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句。在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。作名词时，用法如下：用于肯定句时，一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。用于否定句、疑问句时，一般接that引导的宾语从句。Fred doesnt doubt that he

148、 will rank first in the final.Fred相信他会在决赛中获得第一名。I really doubt whether/if we can finish the work ahead of time.我怀疑我们能否提前完成工作。.用适当的连词填空I dont doubt that he can finish the task on time.I doubt if/whether they can swim across the river.There is no doubt that she will come in time.I have some doubt whet

149、her our team will win.翻译句子他是否能当选还不太确定。There_is_some_doubt_whether_he_will_be_elected.毫无疑问，压力会导致身体疾病。There_is_no_doubt_that_stress_can_lead_to_physical_illness.单元基础落实练.用所给词的适当形式填空1Besides, the timetable should be_updated (update) according to the progress of our study from time to time.2Julia was ass

150、isting (assist) him to prepare his speech.3Weather permitting,_you are permitted to go for an outing.(permit)4On hearing the brave girls disease, local people lined up to donate blood for her, and their donation has saved her life.(donate)5(2016皖北协作体联考)With the development of technology,_this kind o

151、f technique is quite popular, for there are many technical training centers of this kind.(technology).单句改错1He has two big houses in this country, not mentioning his villa in France.mentioningto_mention2I always prefer starting early, rather than leave everything to the last minute.leaveleaving 3.Mar

152、ys father will not permit her staying up late.stayingto_stay4By next Sunday you have stayed with us for three months.you后加_will5(2016河南省六校联考)After graduation for ten years, they are still corresponding to each other.towith.选词填空in advance, give away, take over, nothing like, come into conflict, in pr

153、ogress, wonder about, make up for, figure out, get across1.And thats why youre seeing so many leaps in_progress2They will pay a hundred and thirty francs in_advance3Please dont give_away my secret that I will organize a birthday party for her.4The two sides came_into_conflict last week, causing five

154、 people dead and many injured.5Johnson took_over the chairmanship of the committee yesterday.6Now, I want my family to include a little girl who looks nothing_like me or my wife.7Officers felt their point of view was not getting_across to ministers.8You figured_out what youre going to do.9(2016银川模拟)

155、The restaurant was small and crowded, but the excellent food more than made_up_for it.10Why would you wonder_about something like that?.完成句子1She is worried about what_to_happen next.她对下一步将会发生什么表示担忧。2By_the_time he comes, maybe we will_have_finished our task.到他来的时候，我们也许已经完成任务了。No_matter_what_happens,

156、_I will stand by you.不管发生什么，我都会支持你的。3(2016长春质量检测)There_is_no_doubt_that health is more important than wealth.毫无疑问，健康比财富重要。4When are_you_to_leave_for_home?你什么时候回家？5When he retired, his eldest son took_over_the_farm当他退休的时候，他的大儿子接管了农场。 6.(2016包头测评)They felt like they were_giving_away_their_companys_sec

157、rets他们认为他们正泄露公司秘密。7(2016郑州质检)The firefighter rescued_an_old_man_from the burning house.那名消防员从燃烧的房子里救出了一位老人。8Googles business is about getting netizens in China to_click_into its search engine.谷歌的业务是要让中国的网民点击它的搜索引擎。.课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。I love talking about the future and I am

158、not the only one. Over the centuries, people have always wondered about the future. But for some people, thinking (think) about the future is not just for fun. They plan the future of the world for a living (live). These people are called futurologists. The future is now big business and many people

159、 will attend the seminar with dreams of starting new enterprises based (base) on the predictions they will hear. I clicked into the websites of a few futurologists and heres what theyre predicting: By the year 2015, the clothing industry will_have_produced (produce) new types of material that will r

160、emain stainless no matter what you spill on them. Garments will also be so strong that they will never get old and worn (wear). By the year 2025, no one will die of starvation (starve) because there will be food for everyone. By the year 2030, development in biochemistry and medical science will hav

161、e made it theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years. By the middle of the century, computers that are millions of times smarter (smart) than us will have been developed.话题微写作根据提示， 利用本单元所学知识， 完成下面的小作文。1公布损失评估后，源源不断的捐款被送到了灾区。(declare, assess, donate)2捐款被用来帮助那些处于饥饿状态的人们。(assist, star

162、vation)3这时，每个人都意识到人们之间已经没有了歧视，人人生而平等。(aware, discrimination, equal)4. 毫无疑问，人们在灾难面前表现出的这种大爱可以弥补一切矛盾和隔阂(estrangement n)。(there is no doubt that, make up for, conflict)5. 同时，人与人之间重新建立起来的这种原始的、朴素的情感会激励我们奋发有为(enthusiastic and press on)。(meanwhile, primitive, emotion)After the declaration of assessment of

163、 the loss, constant donation was sent to the disasterhit area to assist the people in starvation. On this occasion, everyone was aware that there was no discrimination and that everyone was born equal. There is no doubt that the great love shown in the face of disaster can make up for all the confli

164、cts and estrangement. Meanwhile, the primitive, simple emotion set up among people will inspire us to be enthusiastic and press on.高考题型提能练.阅读理解AOne moment it was quiet and calm in the forest, the next, the air was charged with tension.The elephant had heard the distant alarm calls of animals and her

165、 mood suddenly changed.I urged the elephant deeper into the forest.We sounded like a forest fire crackling, snapping, trailblazing.But through all the noise came a sharp warning cry.The elephant stopped and we heard it again the telltale call of a spotted deer.I looked quickly around the shadows of

166、the forest.Rays of sunlight shone through tree branches, beneath which the patchwork (交错) of green plants and shadowswithinshadows would make tiger stripes (条纹) look more attractive.Apart from an occasional noise from the elephants stomach, the forest was silent.Gradually, the tension slipped from o

167、ur bodies.The elephant seized a nearby branch and put it into her mouth.I reached forward and gently moved my hand over the elephants neck; there was a soft part, free of wrinkles and hairs, behind her ear.This was my fourth time to_sense_the_aura of the forest in Corbett, although I saw no tigers i

168、n the end.Located at the foot of the Himalayan mountains, Corbett is home to about 135 Bengal tigers, but the forest seemed to be guarding their whereabouts (出没处), a silent reminder of their secrecy and rarity.Still, I was happy enough touching the elephant behind the ear.If I had so desperately wan

169、ted to see a tiger, I could have gone to a zoo.After all, spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty; tracking them can make you aware of something more.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者详细描述了他到森林中去寻找孟加拉虎并感受森林氛围的经历，作者认为寻找孟加拉虎的过程是最吸引人的。1Which of the following was a clear signal of alarm?AThe elephant stopped.BA spot

170、ted deer called.CThe elephant seized a branch.DThe forest was silent for a while.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The elephant had heard the distant alarm calls of animals .”和“.the telltale call of a spotted deer.”可知，梅花鹿的叫声是一个明确的报警信号。2The author begins his account of the tour in the forest mainly by _Adescribing

171、various soundsBcomparing different animalsClisting different activitiesDintroducing various plants解析：选A逻辑结构题。根据第一段中的calls of animals, crackling, snapping, trailblazing, through all the noise came a sharp warning cry, the telltale call可知，作者是通过描述不同的声音来开始记载他的森林之旅。3What does the underlined part “to sens

172、e the aura” in Para.4 most probably mean?ATo see the diversity.BTo enjoy the scenery.CTo feel the atmosphere.DTo experience the freedom.解析：选C句意理解题。根据上下文可知这句话的意思是“这是我第四次感受森林中的这种气氛”。4How does the author feel after several visits to Corbett?ASeeing a Bengal tiger is quite thrilling.BIt is very timecons

173、uming to travel in Corbett.CIt is really worthwhile to study the animals in Corbett.DThe process of finding Bengal tigers is most appealing.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段，特别是最后一句“After all, spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty; tracking them can make you aware of something more.”可推断出，作者去科比特数次之后，感受到寻找孟加拉虎

174、的过程是非常吸引人的。B(2016绵阳市诊断性测试)YA: Although people should face the consequences of their behaviors, lives are the most valuable thing and should be respected and guaranteed. People dont have the chance to correct their errors and make a new start if their lives are taken away. Also, it would be a disaste

175、r if the wrong persons were given the death penalty (死刑)YB: I support getting rid of the death penalty.Violence should never meet with violence. Abolishing the death penalty could help people to realize the power of forgiveness and love. It could also get officials to focus more on preventing crimes

176、 instead of punishing the criminals after they have been committed.YC: The goal of laws and penalties is not to punish criminals but to keep people from committing crimes. Corrective education would be much better than the death penalty, as it could help people understand their crimes and feel sorry

177、 from the bottom of their hearts rather than just fear death.NA：We need the death penalty. Those who do great harm to others and affect society badly are supposed to be punished seriously. They should be responsible for their behaviors. Without the death penalty, some people might commit terrible cr

178、imes because they would no longer worry about losing their lives even if they take away others lives though in fact they havent the right to do so.NB: Laws are different in different countries because of national conditions. Some developed countries that have abolished the death penalty have highly

179、educated people and have few problems with their laws. Compared to them, China still has a long way to go before it can abolish the death penalty.NC: For some severe crimes, imprisonment (监禁) isnt enough to make sure there is social justice and to defend laws. The death penalty can achieve that. If

180、we abolished it, we would need to spend a lot of money on prisoners, which would be a burden on society.语篇解读：这篇短文是对于死刑是否应该被废除的辩论。5According to YB, the government should pay more attention to _Aabolishing the death penaltyBcommitting crimes Cpunishing the criminalsDpreventing crimes解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段“I

181、t could also get officials to focus more on preventing crimes instead of .(它也能够让官员们把注意力集中在预防犯罪而不是)”可知选D。6From the view of NA, without the death penalty, crimes might be _Adifferent Bthe sameCmore serious Dless and less解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段“Without the death penalty, some people might commit terrible crim

182、es .(如果没有死刑，有些人也许会犯更可怕的罪)”可知选C。 7Which of the following is a reason to keep the death penalty?AImprisonment isnt enough to defend laws.BLives are the most valuable thing.CViolence should never be met with violence.DPeople should have the chance to correct their errors.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段“For some seve

183、re crimes, imprisonment (监禁) isnt enough to make sure there is social justice and to defend laws. (对于一些严重的罪犯，监禁并不能够确保社会正义并为法律辩护。)”可知选A。 8What can probably be the best title of this report?AAbolish Death Penalty or Not?BCan Death Penalty Achieve Justice?CShould People Be Highly Educated?DShould Viole

184、nce Meet with Violence?解析：选A标题归纳题。文章主要围绕对死刑是否应该被废除展开的辩论，因此选A。.任务型阅读Benefits of Reading BooksThere are many benefits of reading books. Read on to learn the various benefits of reading books!Obviously, reading books provides you with new knowledge. 1._ It can be a fact about history or a theory you di

185、d not know. If you want to learn new words in particular, reading books is a great way to enrich your vocabulary.2_ Similar to solving puzzles, reading books allows your mind to practice its processing skills. Going without books for too long will turn your mind to mush. Im not kidding!One of the pr

186、imary benefits of reading books is its ability to develop your critical thinking skills.3._ Whenever you are faced with a similar problem in real life, your mind is now able to put its mystery solving skills to the test.Reading helps you improve your communication skills. 4._ Seeing how words are us

187、ed and how sentences are structured with your own eyes helps you memorize the information better than by listening to a teacher discuss the points in class. As a result, you can use the words and sentence structures to express your opinions while communicating with others.5_ For example, following a

188、 recipe from a cooking show will be difficult, but when youre following a recipe, reading a cookbook allows you to review the procedures and the ingredients whenever you need to.AReading also keeps your mind in good condition.BWhatever you read, you will learn new information.CReading books will hel

189、p you prepare yourself for the future.DReading novels, for example, is a good way to improve your thinking skills.ETheres nothing like reading books to help you become a better conversationalist.FIn all, you should make reading a habit to keep up with the fast developing society.GAnother benefit of

190、reading books is that the information in them can be accessed over and over again.答案：15BADEG.完形填空(2016云南毕业生检测)I have two friends who love backpacking. They spent a lot of time in a part of New York States Adirondack Mountains. It _1_ 46 mountains with a height of over 4，000 feet. The Adirondack Moun

191、tain Club gives _2_ recognition, and an award, to anyone who _3_ all 46 mountains. My two friends decided to go for this award.Now what you have to understand is that _4_ many of the 46 mountains have wellmarked _5_ to their summits (山顶), others are not marked at all. You have to “bushwhack (在丛林中开路)

192、” using a compass and a map.My friends had climbed 45 of the mountains. They had just one _6_ it was the most _7_ requiring bushwhacking. A hiking path led past the base of the mountain, but from that point they were on their own.Early one morning they left their _8_ and walked five miles on the hik

193、ing path to the base of a chain of mountains. When they arrived, they _9_ that they had left their compass and map back in camp. Rather than _10_ the camp, they decided to bushwhack without the compass and map.For hours they _11_ uphill enduring heat, thick bush, and black flies. _12_， late in the a

194、fternoon they found themselves at the _13_ of a mountain successfully. They were exhausted but _14_The feeling was shortlived, however. When they looked across the valley, they _15_ another higher mountain. They had climbed the _16_ one! It was too _17_ that weekend to put their error right. They ha

195、d to _18_ another four months to climb the right mountain.This story _19_ us a good lesson. Often in life we put in a great effort to reach a goal. But without the right “map” and “compass”， it is _20_ to get “lost”语篇解读：这篇文章讲述了作者的两位朋友在没有带指南针和地图的情况下爬山，最终却发现爬错了山。通过这个故事告诉我们，没有正确的引导，再多的努力也是白费力气。1.A.goes

196、 throughB.consists of C.relies on D.connects to解析：选B考查动词短语。go through“通过，完成，检查”；consist of“由组成”；rely on“依赖，依靠”；connect to“使连接” 。通过上文的“New York States Adirondack Mountains”可知这是一座山脉，而通过第三段的“My friends had climbed 45 of the mountains.”可知，这座山脉含有46座山。故选B。2.A.special B.similar C.normal D.general解析：选A考查形容词

197、。 根据上文的“The Adirondack Mountain Club”可知这是一个登山协会，故给予的是特别的认可，故选择A。3.A.describes B.draws C.observes D.climbs解析：选D考查动词。 根据下文的“all 46 mountains”可知，宾语是山，根据常识，选择D，意为“爬完所有的46座山”。4.A.while B.since C.because D.unless解析：选A考查连词。前一分句意为46座山中有些有明显的路；后一分句意为还有一些没有路。两个分句之间存在转折关系，故选择A。5.A.paths B.rivers C.views D.aven

198、ues解析：选A考查名词。根据句意可知，此处指的是上山的路，故选择A。6.A.occupied B.left C.deserted D.missed解析：选B考查动词。根据上文可知，这座山脉一共有46座，而作者的朋友已经爬完45座，故还有一座剩下，所以选择B。7.A.interesting B.changeable C.reachable D.remote解析：选D考查形容词。interesting“有意思的”；changeable“易变的”；reachable“可达成的”；remote“偏远的”。此处所需的形容词是修饰山的，而且下文告诉我们这座山并没有现成的上山的路，故选择D最符合语意，指这

199、座山最为偏远、最难爬。8.A.house B.room C.camp D.yard解析：选C考查名词。根据常识可知，爬山需要在山脚露营，故此处选择C，意为“一天早晨他们很早就离开营地”。9.A.ignored B.discovered C.sensed D.explained解析：选B考查动词。根据下文“they had left their compass and map back in camp”可知，他们把指南针和地图落在营地，这应该是发现的问题，故选择B。10.A.departing from B.traveling to C.returning to D.going for解析：选C

200、考查动词短语。depart from“离开”；travel to“朝某方向旅行”；return to“返回，回到”；go for“适用于”。根据下文的“they decided to bushwhack without the compass and map”可知，他们继续前行，故他们并没有返回营地，故选择C。11.A.jumped B.wandered C.ran D.walked解析：选D考查动词。根据常识判断，上山应该是走着上山，故选择D。12.A.Immediately B.Surely C.Finally D.Hopefully解析：选C考查副词。根据下文的“late in the

201、afternoon they found themselves at the _13_ of a mountain successfully”可知，他们到达了山顶，故选择C，指“通过努力最终做成某事”。13.A.bottom B.top C.slope D.base解析：选B考查名词。根据常识，爬山最终的目标是爬到山顶，故选择B。14.A.embarrassed B.moved C.disturbed D.excited解析：选D考查形容词。embarrassed“尴尬的”；moved“感动的”；disturbed“受到打扰的，不安的”；excited“兴奋的”。通过上文可知，作者的两个朋友很

202、希望爬完所有的山，故此时虽然疲倦却也兴奋，所以选择D。15.A.admired B.checked C.saw D.appreciated解析：选C考查动词。根据下文的宾语“another higher mountain”以及上文的“looked across the valley”可知，他们看见了另一座更高的山，故选择C。16.A.strange B.wrong C.distant D.steep解析：选B考查形容词。通过下文的“put their error right”可知，他们爬错了山，故选择B。17.A.late B.dangerous C.puzzling D.helpless解析

203、：选A考查形容词。根据下文的“They had to _ another four months to climb the right mountain”可知，他们四个月后才爬了正确的山，故这个周末太迟了，所以选择A。18.A.save B.wait C.gain D.put解析：选B考查动词。根据上文可知，他们爬错了山，但是那个周末已经来不及再爬了，故他们又等待了四个月，选择B。19.A.sends B.tells C.recommends D.teaches解析：选D考查动词。根据下文的“_ us a good lesson”可知，选择D，构成短语teach sb. a good less

204、on意为“给某人一个教训”。句意：这个故事给了我们一个教训。20.A.easy B.hard C.annoying D.discouraging解析：选A考查形容词。根据上文可知，作者的朋友正是在没有指南针和地图的情况下爬错了山，故此处作者指的是没有正确的引导，容易走错路，选择A。.短文改错(2016江西省上饶市模拟)When I first learn to write in English, I ran into much difficulties. The main problem was that I always thought in Chinese and tried to tra

205、nslate into my own language everything which I came across while I was reading. My teacher advised myself to keep a diary. I followed his advices and put down 100 words or so each day. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself as I was learning to express myself with simple English. One day I wrote a sto

206、ry and showed to my teacher. He liked it very much that he read it to the class. All said that the story was good one. Their words were a great encouragement to me.答案：第一句：learnlearned; muchmany第二句：whichthat第三句：myselfme第四句：advicesadvice第五句：talktalking; within第六句：showed后加it第七句：veryso第八句：good前加aUnit 21

207、Human Biology需写准记牢的单词记其形、明其义1doubtful adj. 怀疑的，不肯定的2seek vt. 寻找3emotion n. 情感，情绪4entry n. 进入；入学5treat vt. 款待6rebuild vt. 重建7routine n. 常规；惯例8teamwork n. 协作；配合9weekly adj. 每周一次的10deadline n. 截止日期，最后日期需举一反三的单词知其性、通其变1tolerate vt.容忍tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的tolerance n容忍2oppose vt.反对opposite adj.相反的oppositio

208、n n相反3privileged adj.荣幸的privilege n特权；优惠，优待4trial n实验try v试验；试做n.尝试5prohibit vt.禁止prohibition n禁止；禁令6unite vt.联合；团结；统一union n团结united adj.团结的7faith n信心faithful adj.忠诚的，忠实的；正确的，可靠的8equip vt.使有准备equipment n装备；设备9.fortune n大笔钱财，巨款fortunate adj.幸运的misfortune n不幸10concern n担心；担忧concerned adj.关心的，牵挂的；有关的c

209、oncerning prep.关于需会读明义的单词识其形、知其义1interval n 间隔；间歇2circulate vi. 循环3digest vt. 消化4mineral n. 矿物5swap vi. 交换6enhance vt. 增强；提高7abuse vt. 滥用8fundamental adj. 根本的；基础的9annual adj. 每年的，一年一次的，年度的10compulsory adj. 强制性的，义务的11controversial adj. 有争议的12contradict vt. 与(其他事物)相矛盾13violate vt. 违反，违背14complicated a

210、dj. 复杂的15interpret vt. 翻译；解释16identify vt. 确定；认出，识别17cater vi. 满足；迎合18ample adj. 充足的，充裕的19scan n. 扫描20postpone vt. 推迟，延期21cancer n. 癌，癌症22urban adj. 城市的23pause n. 停顿；暂停24acute adj. 严重的；剧烈的25statistics n. 统计资料；统计数字26symptom n. 症状27press n. 新闻界；报界28adaptation n. 变化；变种29foresee vt. 预见30mourn vi.& vt. 感

211、到悲痛；表示哀悼31prescription n. 处方32underline vt. 表明重要性；强调33systematic adj. 系统化的34temporary adj. 临时的；短暂的35rob vt. 使丧失；抢劫36terminal adj. 致命的；晚期的37decline vi. 下降38minimum n. 最低；最小39institution n. 团体；公共机构40unconditionally adv. 无条件地41tentatively adv. 不完全地42enquiry n. 询问43submit vt. 提交44extension n. 延期45scepti

212、cal adj. 怀疑的46absurd adj. 不合理的；荒谬的47circumstance n. 情形；情况1wipe_out 彻底毁灭2at_random 随便地，随意地3at_all_costs 不管多大代价，无论如何4cater_to 满足；迎合5straight_away 立刻，马上6stop_sth._in_its_tracks 终止；消灭7at_any_rate 无论如何；至少8get_down_to 开始做9for_good 永久地10be_responsible_for 对负有责任11clear_up 整理；解释；澄清12in_despair 绝望13miss_out 遗

213、漏，遗忘；错过机会1教材原句It_is_compulsory_for_winners_to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随机地检查。句式解读It is adj. for sb. to do .意为“对某人来说做是的”。2教材原句The Olympic spirit the spirit of competition which_emphasises_taking_part_rather_than_winning has been violated by the d

214、esire to succeed at all costs.人们不惜任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。句式解读which引导定语从句，rather than 用于平行结构。3教材原句When he went to the doctor that day, he could_not_have_known what was about to happen to him.那天当他去看医生时，他不可能知道他要发生什么事。句式解读could have done 表猜测，多用于否定句或疑问句中，还可用在肯定句中，意为“本能”。4教材原句It_seems_a_real_pity_t

215、hat thousands of people who could have benefited from Traditional Chinese Medicine missed out because of ignorance.很遗憾，由于无知，成千上万的人们错过了用传统中医治疗的机会。句式解读It seems n that .意为“看起来是的”。5教材原句Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months, with a tendency to strike the young and fit rather than the old, th

216、e_Spanish_Flu_is_believed_to_have_been the most acute epidemic in history.西班牙流感在18个月内使多达5千万人丧命，并且发病的倾向为年轻力壮的年轻人而不是老年人，它被认为是历史上最严重的流行性传染病。句式解读“sb./sth.be believed to .”为固定结构，意为“某人或某物被认为是”。重难抢分型词汇合作学会1toleratev容忍；忍受；宽容高考佳句(2015江苏高考任务型阅读)It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or an

217、noyance.它有时需要读者容忍不愉快或讨厌的事。(1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/容许(某人)做某事(2)tolerant adj. 容忍的；宽容的be tolerant of 对宽容；忍耐intolerant adj. 不容忍的，不容异己的；偏执的intolerable adj. 无法容忍的，不能容忍的(3)tolerance nU 容忍show tolerance towards sb. 容忍某人have (no) tolerance for 对(毫不)宽容beyond tolerance 无法忍受Perhaps you need to be toleran

218、t of your neighbors.或许你应该对你的邻居宽容些。I dont have much tolerance for people like that.我对那种人比较没耐心。.介词填空I have a high tolerance for that stuff.This has gone beyond her tolerance.We demand that you be more open and tolerant of different views.单句写作(2013广东高考写作)在一些专家的眼中，火星上的生活条件非常艰苦难以忍受，志愿者必须要面对严寒、孤独和恐惧。In_so

219、me_experts_opinion,_living_conditions_on_the_Mars_are_very_hard_to_tolerate_and_the_volunteers_have_to_face_the_freezing_cold_climate,_loneliness_and_fear.2seek (sought, sought)vt.& vi.寻找；探索；寻求高考佳句(2015重庆高考阅读B)Besides, businesses seek to appeal to customers senses. 此外，商家试图吸引顾客的感官。Many people spend y

220、ears seeking for peace of mind, often with little success.很多人年复一年地寻求心灵的平静，却很难如愿以偿。Half an hour later, he sought out his friend in the crowd.半小时后，他在人群中找到了他的朋友。 He went to seek his fortune to America last year.去年他去了美国去寻找致富之路。.单句语法填空How can we seek out a really good person for the job?He is a man who l

221、ikes seeking after/for wealth and power.You should seek advice from your lawyer on this matter.单句写作为了理解不同文化中成功人生的含义，理查德从2011年开始在世界各地寻找同年同月同日生的人(time twin)。In order to understand the meaning of successful life in different cultures, Richard, from 2011, began_to_seek_time_twins_around_the_world3oppose

222、vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量经典例句(牛津P1209)She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.她仍然强烈反对移居国外。(1)oppose(2)opposed adj. 相反的；对立的be opposed to 反对；与对立Most of the students oppose having classes on Sunday.大部分学生反对星期天上课。I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly.我一贯反对按时定期地喂养婴儿。.单句语法填

223、空The parents are strongly opposed to their daughter going there alone.She is very much opposed to your marrying (marry) her.根据提示完成小片段许多居民反对拆毁旧房子。然而政府的态度明显和他们的态度是截然不同的。Many residents were_opposed_to_tearing_down/opposed_tearing_down the old buildings.Its obvious that the attitude of the government wa

224、s_opposed_to theirs.4prohibitv(尤指以法令)禁止；阻止教材原句Since the SARS epidemic ended, scientists have been doing trials on treatments to prohibit any future outbreaks.自从SARS流行病结束以来，科学家们一直在对治疗进行反复试验以阻止任何未来疫情的突然爆发。(1)prohibit doing sth.禁止/阻止做某事prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事prohibit (ones) doing sth. 禁止(某

225、人)做某事(2)prohibition n. U禁止；C禁令a prohibition against/on 的禁令Visitors are prohibited from feeding the animals.禁止游客投喂动物。It was the bad weather that prohibited their going to the science museum.是糟糕的天气阻止了他们去参观科学博物馆。They voted in favor of the prohibition of smoking in public areas. 他们投票赞成在公共场合禁止吸烟。.介词填空The

226、 prohibition against drunken driving will save many lives.Please keep silent. You are strictly prohibited from touching items on display and photographing.单句改错The law prohibits tobacconists selling cigarettes to children.selling前加fromThe government decided to prohibit to smoke in public.to_smokesmok

227、ing.一句多译一些人认为，在一些区域禁止人们使用手机是有必要的。1 Some people think that its necessary to prohibit_peoples_using_mobile_phones in some areas.2 Some people think that its necessary to prohibit_people_from_using_mobile_phones in some areas.3 Some people think that its necessary to prohibit_using_mobile_phones in som

228、e areas.5robvt.使丧失；抢劫；剥夺高考佳句(2015重庆高考单选)I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask.我刚刚听说多拉工作的那家银行被一名持枪蒙面人抢劫了。(1)rob sb./sp. of sth.抢劫某人/某地的某物(2)robbery n. 抢劫，盗窃robber nC 盗贼；强盗I cant forgive Lewis for robbing me of an Olympic gold.我不能原谅刘易斯夺走了我一块奥运会金牌。 Exchange is no

229、robbery.(谚)公平交易并非强行夺取。个性比较rob指公然地用暴力抢劫他人的所有物，常用结构：rob sb./sp. of sth.“抢劫某人/某地的某物”steal指暗中窃取，常用结构：steal sth. from sb./sp.“从某人/某地窃取某物”.选词填空(rob/steal)A thief stole my money from the desk drawer and whats worse, I was robbed of my mobile phone on the way back home from the bank.The noise robbed me of a

230、 good nights sleep.The money was stolen from under their very noses.句式升级I was robbed of my cash and chequebook, so I couldnt go travelling.Robbed_of_my_cash_and_chequebook,_I_couldnt_go_travelling. (用过去分词短语作状语)6decline v衰落，减少；下降；婉言谢绝 n衰落，衰败；减少，下降高考佳句(2015广东高考完形)After all, many older people dont begi

231、n to experience physical and mental decline until after age 75.毕竟，许多老年人直到75岁之后才开始体会到身体和精神上的衰退。(1)decline to do 拒绝做(2)a decline in 在方面下降in decline/on the decline 在衰退中，走下坡路fall/go into a decline 开始衰落；陷入衰退The minister declined to comment on the rumors.部长拒绝对那些传言发表评论。The number of people who run the red

232、light is on the decline since the new traffic regulations came into effect.自从新的交通法规实施以来，闯红灯的人数下降了。The intense competition from overseas has caused the cotton industry to fall into a decline. 来自海外的激烈竞争导致国内棉花产业的衰退。.介词填空There has been a sharp decline in profits this year.Thankfully, the smoking of ciga

233、rettes is on the decline.句型转换The number of robberies is declining recently.The number of robberies is on the decline recently.There is a decline in the number of robberies recently.7equipvt.& vi.装备；配备经典例句It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.人们常说，人天生具有说话的能力。(1)equip . wi

234、th . 用装备be equipped with 装备着equip . for sth./to do sth. 为了而装备be well/poorly equipped 设备精良的/较差的(2)equipment nU 装备；设备a piece of equipment 一件设备We equip our children with a good education. 我们使孩子们受到良好的教育。He is equipped with much experience in teaching.他具有丰富的教学经验。His work experience equipped him to deal w

235、ith all kinds of people.他的工作经验使他能与各种各样的人打交道。My mother bought a useful piece of equipment for the kitchen yesterday.昨天，妈妈买了一件有用的厨房设备。.单句语法填空Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.Having_equipped (equip) himself with necessary knowledge and skills, the young man went to th

236、e job market with much confidence.单句改错Equipping with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.EquippingEquippedIn addition, they spend money on fishing equipments, fuel and boat repairs.equipmentsequipment8submitv服从；提交；递交；呈递高考佳句(2015陕西高考阅读A)If you wan

237、t to share a story of your pets with the readers, you need to submit it to Smart Animals.如果你想跟读者分享你的宠物的故事，要给Smart Animals投稿。submit to服从于；屈从于submit sb./oneself to 使某人/自己甘受；服从submit .to 向提交In desperation, Mrs. Jones submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.绝望之际，琼斯夫人只好同意在其右膝上做手术以

238、减轻疼痛。I have asked that his proposal be submitted to a special committee. 我已经要求他的建议要提交给一个专门的委员会。名师指津在submit . to .中，submit是及物动词，意为“呈交”；而在submit to中，submit是不及物动词，意为“服从”。.用submit的相关短语填空If I submitted_to their demands, they would give whatever I want.They submitted their reports to the headmaster yester

239、day.一句多译战败的人们不得不服从新的统治者。1 The people had to submit_themselves_to the new rulers when they lost the war.2 The people had to submit_to the new rulers when they lost the war.3 The people had to give_in_to the new rulers when they lost the war.9at all costs不管多大代价，无论如何高考佳句(2015浙江高考阅读A)After having taught

240、 fifthgrade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books.在教五年级教了四年之后，我决定无论如何要消除他们对书籍的恐惧和讨厌。(1)at the cost/expense of 丧失，牺牲；以为代价at a cost of 以的费用/价格at any cost 以任何代价at cost 按成本(2)cost sb. sth. 花某人，使某人付出/丧失We must cherish experience acquired at t

241、he cost of our own blood.用我们自己的心血换来的经验我们必须珍惜。The new buildings going up at a cost of $82 million.修建这座新大楼要花费8 200万美元。We are determined to obtain our rights at any cost. 我们决定要不惜一切代价获取我们的权利。.用cost的相关短语填空We are determined to defend our motherland at_all_costsShe saved him from drowning, but only at_the_

242、cost_of her own life.I had a small room at_a_cost_of 15 cents per night.I can buy books at_cost from this bookstore.一句多译批评家认为，这项法律不公平地以牺牲公众利益来保护形象。1 The law, critics say, unfairly protects reputation at_the_cost of the public interest.2 The law, critics say, unfairly protects reputation at_the_expen

243、se_of the public interest.他花80元钱买了这件毛衣。1 The_sweater_cost_him_80_yuan. (cost v)2 He_bought_the_sweater_at_a_cost_of_80_yuan. (cost n)常考保分型词汇自主练会1postponevt.推迟；延期练习单句语法填空Owing to the bad weather, we decided to postpone leaving (leave)We are postponing our trip to/until the weather is fine.postpone/pu

244、t off doing .“推迟做”；postpone sth. to/until . “把某事推迟到”。 2faithn信任；信心；信念练习完成句子I have_faith_in you; I am sure you will do it well. 我相信你，我肯定你会做好的。 What I want to know is whether or not you have_lost_faith_in it. 我想知道的是你对这件事是否失去了信心。 have faith in“对有信心”；lose faith in“对失去信心”。 3wipe out消灭，消除练习用wipe的相关短语完成句子H

245、e wiped_away the sweat from his brow with the back of his hand.A volcanic eruption nearly wiped_out the small island of Montserrat in 1997.Im afraid this paint wont wipe_offwipe away “擦掉，消除掉”；wipe off/from . “从上擦去某物”。4at any rate无论如何；至少；不管怎样练习完成句子I think we should leave her alone for the moment at_a

246、ny_rate我认为我们无论如何暂时不要管她。Were working so slowly that, at_this_rate,_well never finish the job.我们干的太慢了，照这样下去，永远也干不完这个活。Local businesses are closing at_a/the_rate_of three a year.地方企业正在以每年三家的速度关闭。at this/that rate “照这样继续下去；照此情形”；at a/the rate of “以速度/比率”。5at random随便地；任意地；胡乱地练习完成句子Please dont spit or th

247、row rubbish everywhere at_random请不要随便地随地吐痰和乱扔垃圾。at random为固定词组，意为“随便地；任意地”。6cater for满足的要求；顾及；为提供所需练习介词填空He runs a restaurant and also caters for weddings and parties.Its the kind of movie that caters to the worst side of human nature.cater for“为提供服务，满足的要求”；cater to “迎合，投合”。 7circumstancen情形，情况(多用复数

248、)练习单句改错Under no circumstances we should do anything against the will of the people. we_shouldshould_weUnder the circumstance he felt unable to accept the job.circumstancecircumstancesunder/in no circumstances置于句首时，句子要用倒装语序。在短语under/in the circumstances中，circumstance一定要用复数形式。 1It_is_compulsory_for_wi

249、nners_to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随机地检查。 (1)It is compulsory for .为“It isadj./n.for sb. to do .”结构，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语。此结构中for前面的形容词是指事物怎么样，如impossible, important等。Its important for you to arrive there on time.重要的是你们能准时到达那儿。(2)It isadj.of s

250、b. to do .中of前面的形容词是指人的性质或特征，如nice, kind等。It is careless of Kate to lose so many things.凯特丢了这么多东西，真是太粗心了。.单句语法填空It is important for you to learn English well.It is nice of you to give us so much help.Its clever of you to_work_out (work out) the math problem in such a short time.It is necessary for u

251、s to examine the papers before handing them in.句式升级Tom drove after drinking wine. It was dangerous.It_was_dangerous_for_Tom_to_drive_after_drinking_wine.(it作形式主语)It is possible for him to find his lost key.It_is_possible_that_he_will_find_his_lost_key.(改为含有that从句的复合句)2The Olympic spirit the spirit o

252、f competition which emphasises taking part rather_than winning has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs.人们不惜任何代价来获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。(1)rather than为并列连词，表示选择，意为“而不是”，这一表达方式通常用在平行结构中，连接相同的句子成分，即rather than 前后两部分在成分和形式上应该一致。If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change

253、 things is by doing rather than complaining.如果你是他们中的一员，我想说改变事情的唯一方法是行动，而不是抱怨。We must do good rather than evil, on however humble a scale.(谚)勿因善小而不为，勿因恶小而为之。(2)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。Mary, rather than you, is responsible for the work.是玛丽而不是你应对这项工作负责。(3)rather than 常

254、用于下列结构中，表示 “宁愿做而不愿做”。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. prefer doing sth. to doing sth. would do sth.rather than do sth.I prefer to die rather than give in to him. I prefer dying to giving in to him. I would die rather than give in to him.我宁死也不向他屈服。联想发散“would_rather动词原形”是英语中常见的一个句式，意为“宁可；宁愿；最好”。所

255、接的宾语从句，其谓语动词用虚拟语气；表示一个现在或将来的愿望，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示一个过去的愿望，谓语动词用过去完成时。.单句语法填空You rather than anyone else are (be) to blame for the mistake.I like reading books rather than watching (watch) TV.She preferred to go with us rather than stay (stay) at home.Changing your diet, rather than dieting (diet), is a he

256、althier alternative.To be honest, Id rather you came (come) here tomorrow.一句多译我宁愿睡觉也不看这部电影。1 I_would_rather_sleep_than_watch_this_movie.2 I_would_sleep_rather_than_watch_this_movie.3 I_prefer_to_sleep_rather_than_watch_this_movie.4 I_prefer_sleeping_to_watching_this_movie.单元基础落实练.用所给词的适当形式填空1The dru

257、nken driver was brought to the police station for violation (violate) of traffic regulations.2We spent several thousand dollars to_equip (equip) our lab.3I admire you for your tolerance,_because you can tolerate things which cant be tolerant(tolerate)4Concerning all the things concerned,_I am most c

258、oncerned about this matter.(concern)5(2016武昌调研)As a famous saying goes, union is strength. If united,_we can overcome all the difficulties, so lets unite together.(unite).单句改错1(2016河南省适应性测试)No matter how hard the situation is, you should not lose your heart.去掉your2My deskmate, rather than you, are r

259、esponsible for the work. areis3It is nice for you to give us so much help.forof4He made fortune in his business trade last year.made_后加a5Thankfully, this is a disease that is now in the decline.inon.选词填空rather than, in despair, in vain, at random, at all costs, cater to, straight away, at any rate,

260、be responsible for, focus on1He doesnt understand me, or at_any_rate not fully.2Our meeting focuses_on the question of womens rights.3Do it straight_away because the longer you wait the harder it will be.4(2016江西省九校联合考试)Then residents in these communities were phoned at_random and asked the same que

261、stions.5Each student should be_responsible_for their own work.6These two products cater_to two different customers.7The robber tried to get rid of the police, but in_vain8This is what you want to avoid doing at_all_costs9The girl enjoys singing rather_than dancing.10. But instead of leaving me in_de

262、spair,_it cheered me up.完成句子1It_is_quite_necessary_for_us_to_pay_attention_to our diet.注意饮食对我们来说是很有必要的。2(2016河北省七校联考)I like the books which_are_about_science_rather_than love ones.我喜欢科技书籍而不喜欢言情类的。3He couldnt_have_known the result at that time.当时他可能不知道结果。4It_seems_a_surprise_that she has come.她的到来似乎是

263、一个惊喜。5(2016济南教学质量调研考试)Three robbers were_believed_to_have_robbed_a_bank_of_ a large fortune yesterday.昨天，三个盗贼被认为抢劫了银行的大量钱财。6Dont miss_out_your_brothers when you send round the invitations. 发请帖时不要遗漏了你的兄弟们。7If_there_hadnt_been the war, people would_have_lived a better life then.如果没有战争，之后人们将会过着更好的生活。8T

264、he authority said that such crimes were_hard_to_tolerate and must be wiped out at_all_costs权威机构说这样的罪行难以容忍，必须不惜任何代价扫除。.课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The Olympic spirit has been violated by the desire to succeed at all costs. Now records have_fallen (fall) in track and field due to bette

265、r equipment, training and diet since the first Olympic Games. But we came across the issue of performanceenhancing drugs, which is known as doping. Some athletes who abuse the drugs risk facing (face) serious health problems in later life. They seek to_achieve (achieve) beyond their natural limits.

266、It is compulsory for winners to_be_tested (test) but other participants are only tested at random. Whats more (much), “genetherapy” will be the next big threat. In the future, athletes who have their genes changed (change) might be able to do better than they should be. So if doping and genetherapy

267、continue to affect the outcomes of major sporting events, the word “hero” will have lost all meaning.话题微写作根据提示， 利用本单元所学知识， 完成下面的小作文。1在本次田径比赛中，他因滥用兴奋剂而被查处。(track and field, abuse, stimulant)2服用兴奋剂不但损害人的肝脏，也违背了运动精神，这样做是荒谬的。(liver, violate, it is adj. to do)3所以服用兴奋剂这样的犯罪行为无论如何不能被人容忍，也是被严格禁止的。(crime, at

268、 any rate, tolerate, prohibit)4希望在不久的将来类似服用兴奋剂的事件不再出现。(it is hoped that)In this track and field competition, he was investigated for abuse of stimulants. Taking it not only damages the liver, but also violates the spirits of the sports, so it is absurd to do it. Therefore such crime cannot be tolera

269、ted at any rate and it is prohibited strictly, too. It is hoped that such incident will be stopped in its tracks in the near future.高考题型提能练.阅读理解A(2016河南省适应性测试)Over the years, the recommendations of my friend Philip have led me to work with three of my favorite clients (客户). I am certain that my rela

270、tionships with these three clients have helped me meet many other wonderful people. Needless to say, I owe Philip a lot. Without him, these relationships wouldnt have happened.Philip is bright, friendly, and inspiring. Sometimes his ideas pay off in a huge way. He is very successful. But this brilli

271、ant, creative, friendly man has a bit of difficulty when it comes to small commitments. These little behaviors are annoying things lastminute cancellations, missed phone calls, and the like. While they do trouble my life a little bit, its nothing really major that would make me back out of the relat

272、ionship. Philip always apologizes for these minor defects. I always accept his apology. When I take all the good things and weigh them against the times hes let me down, he is so far ahead that he gets a “lifetime pass”. And, I tell him so. When I do, he feels good and I feel better for forgiving hi

273、m. To this day, we are friends. I am his friend because when I consider someones actions, I ask myself, “Am I better off or worse off because of having this person in my life？”With Philip, the answer has always been, and will always be, in his favor. Philip has been such a good friend and having him

274、 in my life has been such a good thing that I am grateful. This will always override (忽略) any of his “negative” behaviors. Thats a lifetime pass. How many people do you have in your life to whom you have given a lifetime pass? Is the number high or low in your opinion? Most people want a higher numb

275、er.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“我”的朋友Philip的优缺点以及他在“我”的生活中所起的作用。1Why does the writer owe Philip a lot?ABecause Philip has never troubled him as a good friend.BBecause Philip has solved many of his annoying problems.CBecause Philip has helped him meet many wonderful people.DBecause Philip has offered him many

276、 good ideas that work well.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Over the years, the recommendations . meet many other wonderful people.”可知，因为Philip，“我”遇到了许多极棒的人。故答案选C。2Which of the following can best describe Philip?AEvery dog has its day.BAll that glitters is not gold.CThere are spots even on the sun.DA friend in

277、 need is a friend indeed.解析：选C推理判断题。A项意为“凡人都有得意日”；B项意为“闪光的不都是金子”；C项意为“人无完人”；D项意为“患难之交才是真朋友”。根据第二段中的“Philip is bright . missed phone calls, and the like.”可知，Philip有优点也有缺点。由此可推知，人无完人。故答案选C。3What does the underlined word “defects” in Para. 2 mean?APraise that you give to someone for something they have

278、 done.BA fault or a lack of something that means that something is not perfect.CSomething that you wear to change your appearance and hide who you are.DA very strong feeling that almost makes you sick, caused by something unpleasant.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第二段“These little behaviors are annoying things lastmin

279、ute cancellations, missed phone calls, and the like.”以及本词所在的句子可知，他总是为这些小缺点道歉。所以defect意为“瑕疵，缺点”。故答案选B。4Whats the best title for the text?AThanks and ApologizesBA Higher Number for Most PeopleCA Good Friends Negative BehaviorsDMy Friend Philip and the Lifetime Pass解析：选D标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了“我”的朋友Philip

280、在“我”的生活中所起的作用。D项概括了文章主旨。故答案选D。B(2016河北省唐山市统一考试)Hybrid cars (混合动力车) are cars that run on petrol and electricity. They have a small standard petrol engine and a battery electric motor to provide electric power.There are some differences between different models of hybrid cars, but the general principl

281、e is that the car runs on petrol, and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required, for example, when going uphill or accelerating. In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed, for example when the car has stopped at traffic lights, keeping only the electr

282、ic engine running.Conventional cars have large engines to deal with driving uphill and accelerating. Hybrid cars have much smaller petrol engines, improved by electric motors when needed, so they use less petrol. Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of “regenerative (再生的) braking”

283、. The electric motor is used to slow down the car, rather than conventional brakes. The energy produced by slowing the car is changed into electrical power, which is automatically stored in the battery. In effect, the battery recharges when you brake. In conventional cars the energy produced when br

284、aking is wasted.In 1928, Ferdinand Porsche built an experimental hybrid car. The first massproduced hybrid car, the Toyota Prius, came out in Japan at the end of 1997. However, hybrid cars became available in the USA only in 1999. As they use less fuel, hybrid cars are cheaper to run. There are also

285、 many voices in place to encourage people to buy them. In some countries, hybrid car owners pay a lower rate of tax, and dont have to pay on certain roads. In some cities, hybrid cars are allowed to park for free.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了以汽油和电为动力的混合动力车，它是一种节约能源的汽车。5Hybrid cars consume less energy than c

286、onventional cars because hybrid cars have _Alarge engines to deal with acceleratingBconventional brakes to slow down the carCno energy consumption when stoppingDelectric power to assist when needed解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Hybrid cars have much smaller . use less petrol.”可知，混合动力车必要时有电力支持，所以消耗较少的能源。6In reg

287、enerative braking, _Athe conventional brakes are used to slow down the car Benergy wasted in conventional cars is stored in the batteryCthe battery charges itself when the car is acceleratingDthe petrol engine is usually turned off automatically解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段可知，混合动力车用电动马达减速而不是用传统的刹车，电动马达降低车速时产生的电能

288、会被自动储存在电池里，而传统汽车浪费了刹车时产生的能量，由此可知B项表述正确。7From the last paragraph we can learn that hybrid cars _Awill gain more popularityBwere first available in the USACfree their owners from taxDare free to park anywhere in the city解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As they use less fuel, hybrid cars . for free.”可推知，使用混合动力车有很多好

289、处，所以混合动力车会很受欢迎。8The main purpose of this text is to _Ashow how hybrid cars slow downBencourage people to buy hybrid carsCinform people of a kind of energysaving carDexplain why hybrid cars use less energy解析：选C写作意图题。本文主要介绍了一种节约能源的车混合动力车，故应选择C。CComplete the following sentence：“You go to the library to

290、 check out .？” The obvious answer is “books”But a harder question might be, “What do we mean by books？” Nowadays, electronic books, or “ebooks”， have become more and more popular in American society.The biggest online bookseller Amazon, for example, recently announced that less than four years after

291、 introducing them to its catalog, it is now selling more electronic versions of its book titles than printed ones.Last week, Pew Internet Project released a survey about the use of ebooks by library customers.It found that 12% of Americans aged 16 and older who read ebooks say they had borrowed at l

292、east one from a library within the past year.But the survey found that the broader public, including 58% of those who have library cards and 53% of people who own electronic book readers, are not aware that they can find and check out ebooks from public libraries, even though three quarters of the l

293、ibraries offer that service.Pew Internet Project director Lee Rainie noted that ebook borrowing is becoming more popular at the same time that publishers, who are selling plenty of ebooks and fewer hardcopy editions, are worried that free ebook checkouts at the library will hurt sales.In February, f

294、or example, the big publisher Penguin Books stopped supplying new ebooks and audio books to libraries.Penguin just reached an agreement to resume supplying one big library system in New York City but not until six months after new titles are released.That way, those who want the latest books will ha

295、ve to buy them.So things are a little murky (阴暗的) in the library world when it comes to electronic books.More and more customers want them, but publishers are giving the libraries a hard time about offering them.Demand is not the problem.Supply may soon be.语篇解读：如今电子书走进了美国的许多地方图书馆，人们可以从图书馆里借阅。9What i

296、s the function of the two questions in the first paragraph?ATo introduce the topic of the passage.BTo stress the popularity of ebooks.CTo show what the author cares about.DTo remind us of the change at the library.解析：选A推理判断题。从第一段的两个问题和文章的内容可知，通过第一段的两个问题，作者引出了自己即将在文章中讨论的话题，故选A项。10According to Paragra

297、ph 2, what can we know about Amazon?AIt has sold ebooks for five years.BIts ebooks are cheaper than printed books.CIt has the best ebooks among all libraries.DIts ebooks sell better than printed books.解析：选D细节理解题。从第二段中的“it is now selling more electronic versions of its book titles than printed ones.”

298、可知它的电子书比纸质书畅销。11We know from the survey done by Pew Internet Project that _Afew library customers know how to read ebooksBthe promotional effort at ebook readers is not big enoughClibrary customers should be reminded about the ebook serviceDmore library cards should be offered to readers free of cha

299、rge解析：选C细节理解题。从第三段的内容可知，很多人还不知道他们可以在图书馆里借阅电子书，因此图书馆应该多推广电子书的借阅，故选C项。12Why did Penguin Books NOT supply new ebooks to libraries?ABecause they are not allowed to offer ebooks.BBecause they wanted to increase the sales of printed books.CBecause they didnt want their ebooks to be copied.DBecause their p

300、roducts were not welcomed there.解析：选B细节理解题。从第四段的“free ebook checkouts at the library will hurt sales”和“That way, those who want the latest books will have to buy them.”这两句话可知，Penguin Books 停止向图书馆提供电子书是为了保证纸质书的销售，故选B项。.任务型阅读Get Help When You Need ItSometimes even though youre paying attention in clas

301、s, certain classes seem too hard. Although you may hope that things will get easier, most of the time this doesnt happen. It happens to many people that they work harder and harder as they fall further and further behind. 1._ If you need extra help, the most important thing to know is that theres no

302、thing embarrassing about it. No one is expected to understand everything.2_ He or she may be able to work with you before or after school and explain things more clearly. If youre in a big enough school, there may be other teachers who teach the same subject. 3._ Sometimes it just helps to have some

303、one new explain something in a different way.You might also be able to get some help from another student. If theres someone you like whos a good student, think about asking that person. This might help because youll be hearing the information from the view of one of your students. 4._ Lots of peopl

304、e understand something perfectly without being able to explain it.5_ Tutors sometimes come to your home, but there are also tutoring centers across the country. Tutors work with you one on one, helping review and further explain things taught in the classroom. The advantage of having a tutor is that

305、 it gives you the opportunity to ask questions directly and work at your own pace.AHowever, they dont lose heart.BNaturally, this makes them hate a class.CAnother choice for extra help is a tutor.DThese students are all good at explaining.EThe first place to turn to for help is your teacher.FSpeak t

306、o the other teachers directly and you may be in luck.GHowever, keep in mind that this might not get you the results you need.答案：15BEFGC.语法填空W：Jack, how have your two sons been doing at school recently?J：Dont ask! Mark never starts studying, and Jason never stops 1._ (study)W：Youre joking! I hear tha

307、t Jason is likely 2._ be at the top of his class after exam this year.J：Yes，so his teachers say.Hes been 3._ (work) very hard at his books every evening for months on end recently.He is hoping 4._ (enter) Harvard University.W：Great.Maybe hell become a university professor 5._ (he) in the future.J：Ma

308、ybe.But sometimes I wish hed go out and enjoy himself 6._ a change.W：Yes . What about the younger one?J：Well，Marks teachers say he has ability，but he 7._ (rare) does his best.He does his homework in ten minutes every day and then 8._ (rush) out to play football.W：Perhaps he can make his fortune at f

309、ootball. People can make plenty 9._ money from sports now.J：My wife always worries about their future.W：Perhaps you can have a talk with him now to find out 10._ he is thinking about his studies and future plans.J：Good idea.Ill take your advice.语篇解读：本对话讲述了Jack的两个儿子在学校的情况。Jason一直努力学习，希望考上哈佛大学；Mark不爱学

310、习，但热衷于足球。1studying考查固定短语。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，本句意为“杰森从来不会停止学习”，故填studying。2to考查固定短语。be likely to do .为固定短语，意为“可能做某事”，根据句子“Jason is likely . be at the top of his class”可知，杰森可能是班上的第一名，故填to。3working考查时态。Hes been是He has been的缩写，根据时间状语“every evening for months(这几个月每天晚上) ”可知，应用现在完成进行时，表示“一直在”。故填workin

311、g。4to enter考查细节理解。根据句子“He is hoping . Harvard University”可知，他这么努力学习应该是想上哈佛大学，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”， 因此填to enter。5himself考查代词。本句中不缺成分，可知不会填代词主格形式，此处用反身代词，表加强语气或者强调，故填himself。6for考查介词搭配。“我”希望他会出去好好玩一下来做一下改变，for有表目的之意，故填for。7rarely考查词性转换。本句中不缺成分，谓语动词为does，而rare是形容词不能修饰动词，故要变为副词形式，故填rarely。8rushes 考查时态

312、。本句为并列句，前半句为一般现在时，并列句前后时态应一致，故后半句也应是一般现在时，且主语为he，谓语动词要变为单数，故填rushes。9of考查固定短语。plenty of为固定短语，表示“很多”，此处意为赚很多的钱，故填of。10what考查宾语从句。find out后为宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语。故填what。.书面表达(2016内蒙古包头市学业水平测试与评估)假设你是某中学生英语报的小记者。右面图画内容是你的所见所闻，请根据要求写一篇英语短文并发表在该英语报上。要求：1.描述图画内容；2分析图画所揭示的问题；3提出你的看法。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯

313、；3开头已给出，不计入总词数。Last Sunday morning, I went to the community square for a walk.参考范文：Last Sunday morning, I went to the community square for a walk. It was a fine day and many people were walking around there. Suddenly, a welldressed man smoking a cigarette came into sight. He was walking a big fright

314、ening dog, which kept barking at people around loudly. Seeing this, a little girl was frightened, hid behind her mother and cried. The mother begged the man to walk away, but he ignored her and showed no shame for what he had done. Obviously, the man does not care about other peoples feelings. He is one of those people who just do things to please themselves, regardless of others.In my opinion, everyone has a right to enjoy his or her life, but he or she mustnt do others harm while doing that.