2008高考英语词汇大链接非常好的手头资料.doc

1、2008高考英语词汇大链接achieve 指经过努力而获得动力或达到某种目的 gain 指经过努力而奋斗而，获得某种利益，如处世经验 get 常用词，指以某种方法或手段得到某种东西，这东西可能是他需要或企图获得的，也许不是。 across prep. & adv.穿过，由这边到另一边；横过 cross v. 穿过; 横过 act v. 做；行动 v.演出；扮演角色 n.行为；动作，举动 action n. 行动 actor n.男演员 actress n. 女演员 act as 充当；担任 act.out 比划着表演 active adj. 积极的；主动的，活跃的 take an active

2、 part in 积极参加 be active in 热心于 actual adj.真实的，实际的 actually adv. in fact 实际上；事实上 real, true 与 actual的区别: real 真的，真正的，指客观上存在，并非想象和虚拟，与“无”相对，反义词为 unreal true 真实的，强调事实的实际情况相符，与“假”相对，反义词为 false actual 真的，强调事实上已经发生或存在,而不是理论上可发生或存在 AD 公元；纪元 BC 公元前 ad = advertisement n. 广告add v.增加；添加；补充说 add.to. 往加add up to

3、 加起来总共是 address n.住址 n. 演讲 v. 对发表演讲；称呼 admire v.羡慕 admire 后接名词或动名词；不接that引导的从句 admiration n. 赞美；羡慕 admirer n. 羡慕者；钦佩者（男） admiringly adv. 钦佩地 admit v. 1).许可；允许进入 2).承认；供认 advance v. & n. 1). 前进；向前 2). 提出 n. 1. 前进 2.进展、进步 advanced adj. 先进的 advantage n. 优势；便利 adventure n. 历险；奇遇 adventurer n. 冒险家 advice

4、 n. 忠告；劝告; 意见 advise v. 劝告 persuade v. 说服 aeroplane n. = plane 飞机 affair n.事件；事情 foreign affairs 国事务 love affairs 桃色事件 accident 指不幸的意外事故，如：车祸；摔伤，多指无意或偶然的。 incident 指小插曲，多指政治上具有影响有事件，如叛乱，事变等。 event 大事 affect v.影响 afford v. 1).买得起 2). 负担得起；足以 注意: afford 前常用can, cant, be able to等；后面常接名词或不定式 afraid adj.

5、 1).害怕；担心，畏惧 2).恐怕，我想 be afraid of sth. 害怕（会做） be afraid to do sth. 不敢（去做） Africa n. 非洲 African adj. 非洲人的 n. 非洲人 after prep. adv. & conj. 在之后； after all 毕竟；终究 afternoon n.下午，午后 afterwards adv. 以后，后来 again adv. once more 再一次 again and again 再三地，反复地（= time and again） once again 再一次 against prep.1).反对

6、2).靠着；绮着 3).以为背景 age n. 1).年龄；寿命 2). 时代；世纪 3)长时间 at the age of 在岁的时候月 ago adv. 表示从现在算起的若干时间以前，谓语动词常用一般过去时 before 表从过去某时算起的若干时间以前，谓语动词常用过去完成时 agree v. 1). 同意；赞同 2). match 与一致 agree with 表示同意某人的意见，想法，分析，解释等，还可表示 “与一致”；适合（气候，食物等）”，常用 agree with sb. agree to 表示“同意某项建议，计划，办法等” agree on 表示 “就取得一致意见”后常接表示具

7、体协议的文件，计划，行动等。句中主语通常包括当事双方。agreement n. 协议；同意 agriculture n. farming 农业 agricultural adj. 农业的 ahead adv. in front 在前，向前 ahead of 提前 aid v.& n. help 援助，帮助 first aid 急救 aim v.& . n. 1). intend 旨在；目的在于 2).瞄准（常与 at 连用） n. 1. 瞄准 2. 目标、目的 air n. 空气；气氛 v. let in air 使通风 by air 乘飞机（by plane） in the air 在空中

8、on the air （用无线电，电视）播送 aircraft n. plane 航空器（单复数同形）airline n.航空公司;航空系统 airliner n. 大型客机 airport n. 航空港 alive adj.活着dead 死去 alive 常作表语，作定语时须放在被修饰的词的后面 living 强调的是“健在”,“尚在人间”这一现在情况;alive 只用来说明生死之间的“界线” all pron. adj. & adv.全部，所有（的） 1. 可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，而复数视主语而定 2. all 修饰名词时，名词前须加定冠词 the 或形容词性物主代词my, h

9、is, her等 3. whole 不能修饰物质名词或专有名词，不说 the whole water，但可以说the whole of the water all right 好，行 all the time 一直 all the same 仍然 all ones life 一生 all over the world 全世界 not at all 一点也不 allow v. 允许 let 指不反对和不阻止，接不带to的不定式作宾补 allow 指听任或默认某人去做某事 permit 表示正式地许可，会比较积极地同意某人去做某事 promise 表示答应许诺，表示主语许诺要去做某事 almost

10、 adv. 差不多；几乎 almost 与 nearly 的主要区别： 修饰 no, none, never, any 以及 no, 和 any 的合成词时，一般用 almost alone adj. & adv.单独；独自； only 仅仅；只有 alone 作形容词，只用作表语，强调客观上的单独，不指心理上的寂寞 lonely 寂寞的，偏僻的 along prep. 沿着 adv. 向前，往前； 共同 aloud adv. 高声 read aloud 朗读 loud 响亮地；大声地 loudly 含有“喧闹”的意思 already adv. 已经,常用于肯定句 yet 常用于否定句和疑问句

11、 still 表示仍然，仍旧，可以用于肯定句，否定句或疑问句 also too, as well 也；并且 also 用于肯定句，通常位于 be 动词，助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前 too 用于肯定句，比 also 通俗，可放在句中，也可入在句末 either 用于否定句，只放在句末 as well 放在句末 although conj. & though 虽然，尽管 though 更常用，两者可兼用；though 可放在句尾; although 不可放在句尾 altogether adv. 全部一起，总共 always adv. at all times 总是；for ever 永远

12、usually 侧重已形成“习惯”的角度；说明动作 amazing adj. surprising 令人惊奇的 America n. 美国；美洲 American adj. 美国的；美洲的 n. 美国人；美洲人 among prep. of 在之中among 应是三者或三者以上 between 常指两者之间；还可作副词用，表示 “在其间” ancestor n. forefather 祖先 ancient adj. 古代的 and conj. as well as 和；又 and so on 等等 anger n.恼火；气愤 angry adj. 愤怒的；生气的 be angry ( mad)

13、 with sb. 生某人的气 be angry at ( about ) sth. 为某事生气 animal n.畜牲般的人 announce v. n. 通告，通知 announce 与 declare的区别： announce 指正式“公布”，“宣布”，侧重预告人们关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻 declare 正式向公众宣布，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等 another pron. 另一个another 用于三个或以上中的一个 the other 指两个中余下的那一个（注：the other 还可修饰复数名词） one after another 一个接一个 answer

14、v & n. 回答，答案 answer 及物动词 reply 不及物动词vi.，后接 to，为书面用语 answer for 对负有责任，受到惩罚 ant n. 蚂蚁 Antarctica n. & adj.南极洲 anxious adj. 忧虑的；担心的 eager 渴望的 be anxious about 为不安be anxious for 1).为担心 2).很想要某样东西 = be anxious to do any pron. & adv. 任何；任何人，一些。一般用于否定句和疑问句，表示“任何数量”，可修饰可数或不可数名词，用于肯定句表示“任何一个”。 anybody; anyon

15、e 任何人 anything 任何事 anyhow ( anyway ) 无论如何 anywhere 任何地方 anytime 无论何时 apologize v. 道歉 apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某人向某人道歉 a letter of apology 道歉信 appear vi. 出现； seem 似乎 appearance n. 出现 appearances n. 外表 disappear vi.消失 apple n.苹果 the apple of someones eye 掌上明珠

16、 application n.申请；申请书apply for 申请 apply to 适用于 appreciate v. enjoy 欣喜；be thankful for 感激（后接名词或动名词） April n. 四月 April Fool 愚人节（4月1日）area n.区域；范围 argue v. 辩论；争论 argument n. 争论 argue with sb. about ( on, over ) sth. 就某事与某人争论 argue for 主张 argue against 据理反对 arm n. 胳膊；手臂 arm in arm 挽臂 take sth.(sb.) in o

17、nes arms 抱 take up arms 拿起武器 armchair n. 扶手椅 army n. 军队 around prep & adv. 到处，四周；大约 round 为 adj. adv. n. & v.around 只有 prep. 或 adv. arrive vi. 到达（小地点用at）, 到达（大地点用in） arrival n. 到达 art n.艺术；艺术品；技巧 artist 艺术家（尤指画家） as conj. adv. & prep.和一样；由于；作为 as a matter of fact 事实上 as.as 象一样 not as.as 不象 as a resu

18、lt 结果 as a rule 通常 as usual 照常 as well 也 as well as 和 serve as 用作 such as 象那样 the same as 象那样 ashamed adj. 感到羞愧;内疚; 悔恨 Asia n. 亚洲 Asian adj. 亚洲的 n. 亚洲人 ask v. 问，请求，要求；邀请 ask for sth. 要求得到 ask sb. for sth. 请某人给某物 asleep adj. fast (sound) asleep 熟睡 assistant n. 助手；助理 astonish vt.使吃惊(astonish 语气比surpri

19、se重) astonished at (by) 对感到吃惊 astonishing adj. 惊人的 astonishment n. 惊讶 at prep.在（小地点）；在（某一时间）；对（与动作的目标连用） at the beginning of 开始 at last 最后 at least 至少 at most 最多 at first 起初 at table 进餐时 at a distance 在稍远处 at all 全然；完全不；究竟 at large 逍遥法外 at once 立刻 at present 现在 at sea 航行中；茫然 at the bottom of 在底部 at

20、the end of 在的结尾 at the foot of 在脚下 at the same time 同时 at high speed 高速地 athlete n.田径运动员 attack v.& n.1). 进攻 2).用言语或文字攻击 3).伤害 attempt v.& n. try 试图；尝试（比 try 更正式;try 更常用） attend v. 1).参加 2). pay attention to 注意 3). look after 照料 attend 指参加会议，听报告，典礼，仪式，上学等(attend to服务) join 指加入某团体，如参军，入团等 join in 指参加

21、比赛的活动 take part in 指参加群众性活动、运动、劳动等（在活动中发挥作用） attention n. 注意，关心 pay attention to （接名词或动名词） attitude n. 态度，看法 attract vt.吸引 attractive adj. 妩媚动人的；英俊的 August n. 8月 aunt n.姑;姨，婶，伯母，舅母 auntie = aunt ，uncle 叔，伯，舅，姑父，姨父 Australia n. 澳大利亚 Australian adj. 澳大利亚的 n. 澳大利亚人 autumn n. 秋天；秋 fall 秋天（美语） avenue n.

22、大街（多指林荫大道） average n. 平均；平均数 on average 按平均数计算 awake adj.醒着的，知道的 v. (awoke; awoken) wake 唤醒 away adv. 离开；不在；在别处 be away from 远离go/run away 走/跑开 right away 立刻 far away 遥远Bbaby n. 婴儿；幼畜；雏鸟 baby-sitter n. 临时保姆 back n. 背部；背后；后部 At the back of the house there is a kitchen garden. adv. 回原处，在原处 Now you can

23、 go back to your seat, Tom. v.向后退 Attention, please. This car is backing up. bad adj.(worse, worst) 坏的；讨厌的；质量低劣的 badly adv. (worse, worst)严重地，非常，很差 bag n.袋子 handbag 手提袋 schoolbag 书包 baggage n. luggage 行李（不可数名词） baggage Am.E luggage Br.E bake v. cook in an oven 烘；烤 baker n. 面包师 bakery n. 面包店 balance

24、n. & v. 平衡 n. 天平 n. 结余 ball n. 1.球；球状体 2. （正规的）大型舞会 basketball 篮球 football 足球 volleyball 排球 baseball 棒球 handball 手球 balloon n. 气球 bamboo n竹子 ban vt. & n. forbid esp. by law （尤指法律）禁止 banana n.香蕉 bank n.1.银行 2. land 岸；堤 bar n. 1. 条状物；棒；杆 2. 酒吧 bare-footed adj. & adv. 赤脚的； 赤脚地 bargain v. 讨价还价 n. 廉价买到的物

25、品 base n. 1. 基础 2. 根据地 base n. 指有形的基础 basis n. 常指无形的基础 basic adj. 基础的；基本的 basin n.水盆；脸盆 n.盆地 basket n. r筐；篮 basketball 篮球 bath n. 1.洗澡 2. 浴盆； 浴缸；浴池 have(take) a bath 洗澡；冲凉 bathe vi.洗澡 vt. 给洗澡 n. 海（河，湖）水浴 bathing suit n.游泳衣 battle n. 战斗；战役 vi. 战斗 campaign 指大的战役 battle 指中等战斗或战役 fight 指小的战斗 in battle 在

26、战斗中 battlefield 战场，激烈争执所在 bay n. 海湾 be v.(am, is, are, was, were, being, been) 是，成为 beach n. 海（湖、河）滩 beach 多指海滨浴场 shore 大自然的海（河、湖）岸 seaside 海边，尤指渡假之处 bean n.豆，豆类 green beans 青豆 peas 碗豆bean curd 豆腐 bear n.熊 vt. 1. 忍受 2. 出生 (多用被动态) I was born in London in 1980. bear in mind 牢记 beard n.（下巴上）胡须 moustach

27、e 嘴唇上的胡子 whisker 腮须 beat v.(beat, beaten) 1. 打2.欧打 3.规律性的拍击；（心）跳动； 4.打败 beat . to death 打死 beauty n. 1. 美丽 2. 美人；美的事物 beautiful adj. 美丽的 pretty adj. 美丽的, 漂亮的 handsome adj. 英俊的 beautiful 和 pretty 多指女性的美，handsome 多指男子的英俊,亦可指物，意为美、雅、壮观等 What a handsome old building it is! He earned quite a handsome sal

28、ary for his work. because conj. 由于；因为；（接从句） because of 由于；因为（接名词、代词或短语） become v.(became; become) come to be 变得；成为 bed n. furniture to sleep on 床 go to bed 上床睡觉（go to sleep = fall asleep入睡） make the bed 整理床铺 bedclothes 床上用品 bedroom 卧室 beer n. 啤酒（一般为不可数名词，但表示“份”，“杯”时为可数名词） beef n. the meat of farm ca

29、ttle 牛肉 bee 蜜蜂 beehive 蜂箱 before prep. adv. & conj. 在前面； 在前 before long 不久后 : long before 很久以前 Work hard and before long you will catch up with your classmates. The house had been built there long before I was born. beforehand adv. 预先 beg v. 乞丐；乞求；恳求 beg ones pardon 请原谅 beggar n. 乞丐 begin v. (began,

30、 begun, beginning) start 开始 begin with 从开始 at the beginning of 在开始时 behind prep. & adv. at the back of 在之后 behind 多指位置之后， fall behind 落在后面 being n. a living thing 生物；人 a human being 一个人 come into being 产生 believe v. 相信，认为 belief n. 信仰；信条 ,believe 相信说的话 believe in 信任（某人） ( =trust ) bell n.钟；铃 ring a

31、bell 打铃 belong v.属于 belong to 属于；是的成员 below prep. & adv. 在下面 below 指位置低于某物，但不一定在其正下方，反义词above ,under 指在某物的正下方，反义词 over belt n. 带；传送带；腰带 bench n. 长凳 bend v.(bent, bent) 使弯曲；弯曲；俯身 (down, over, forward, back) bent adj. 弯曲的 beside prep.在旁边 besides prep. 除了以外 besides 指“除外”（还有; including） except 指“除外”（不再有

32、; exluding） best adj. adv. & n. 最好 (是 good 或 well 的最高级) do ones best 尽最大努力 all the best 一切顺利 best-seller n. 畅销书 better adj. & adv. (good 或 well 的比较级)更好的（地） had better (do) 最好（做）( 后接动词原形 ) between prep. & adv. 在(两者之间) between 用于两者之间; 亦可用于两者以上的之间，但各个为独立的，between 应与 and 连用，不与 or 连用; among 用于三者或三者以上 The

33、re is no secret between you and me. The Danube (多瑙河) runs between many countries. beyond prep. & adv. 超出；在那边；在远处 bicycle n.自行车 = bike big adj. 大的，大块头的 small 小 big 指体积或面积的大，也指人块头大或大人物 large 常指体积和容积的大，通常不指人 great 伟大，巨大，指长度高度的大；常修饰抽象事物 bill n. 1. 帐单；清单 2. 纸币；钞票 3. 结案；议案 billion num.（美，法）十亿；（英，德）百亿 biol

34、ogy n.生物学 bird n. 鸟 birth n. 出生 birthday 生日 birthplace 出生地 give birth to 分娩 biscuit n. 饼干 bison n. 北美野牛 bit n. 小块 a bit(of) 有点 bit by bit 一点一点地 not a bit = not at all 一点也不 not a little = very; quite 很，非常 bite (bit, bitten) v. & n. 咬 bitter adj. 苦的；痛苦的，伤心的 sweet 甜 black adj. & n. 黑色 blackboard 黑板 bla

35、me v.责怪 blame sb. for sth. 为某事责怪某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 be to blame 某人有过失 blanket n.毯子，厚的覆盖物 carpet 地毯 bleed (bled, bled) vi.流血 blood n. 血 bless v.保佑；祝福 blind adj. be blind in 瞎了 ,be blind to 对视而不见 The old horse was blind in the right eye. One is often blind to ones own mistakes. So we must he

36、lp each other. block n.大块；街区 v. 阻塞；阻挡 blouse n. 女装短上衣；女衬衫 blow v. (blew, blown) n. 打击 blow away 刮走 blue adj. & n. 天蓝色的， adj. 色情的 blue films 色情电影 board n. 木板 on board 在船上（汽车，飞机）上 boat n.小船 vi. 划船 boat 小船 canoe 独木舟 ship 大船 warship 战舰 body n. 身体; 尸体 body language 体态语 body-building 健身 boil v. 煮沸 boiling

37、 water 沸腾的水 boiled water 煮开过的水 bomb n. 炸弹 v. 爆炸 bone n.骨头 book n. 书 v. 订后；订票 bookmark n. 书签 bookstore n. 书店（美） bookshop n. 书店（英） bore vt. 使厌倦 born (bear的过去分词) 出生 be born 出生于 borrow v. 1. 借（进）；借入 2. 采用 borrow 借入 lend 借出 boss n. 老板；雇主；上司 botany n. 植物学 both .pron.双方 both. and 两个都 both 两者都 either 两者中任何一

38、个 neither 两者中一个也不 all 两者以上都 none 两者以上一个也不 bottle n. 瓶子 bottom n. 底；底部 at the bottom of 在底部 top 上部 bowl n. 碗 bowling n. 保龄球 box n. 盆，箱子 v. 拳击；打耳光 boxing n. 拳击 boy n. 男孩；男仆 girl 女孩 boyfriend 男朋友 boy students 男生 an office boy 勤杂工 brain n. n.脑; 智力 (brains) brake v. & n. 刹车 branch n. 分部; 支流;部门;树枝 brave a

39、dj.勇敢的 bravely adv. 勇敢地 bravery n. 勇敢 coward adj. 胆小的 bread n. 面包 bread and butter 涂黄油的面包 break v.(broke, broken) 打碎；打破 break away from 脱离；放弃 break into 闯入（接宾语） break in 闯入（in为副词） break off 打断；折断 break out 突然发生 break the rule 违规 break up 分解 breakfast n. first meal of the day 早餐 breath n.呼吸；气息 hold o

40、nes breath 屏住呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气 breathe vi. 呼吸；呼入 breathe in 呼入 breathe out 呼出 brick n. 砖 tile 瓦 bridge n. 桥 brief adj. 简短 brief 指简洁 short 指时间、空间和物体的短 bright adj. 聪明的，明亮的 bring v.(brought, brought)带来 bring (back) 带来 take (away) 带走 fetch 去拿（回） carry 不说明方向( carry away; carry back; carry to.) brin

41、g down 使倒下；击落 bring in 引进 bring on 使前进 bring up 抚养；培养 Britain n.英国，不列颠 British adj. 英国的英国人的 broad adj. 宽的 broad 指幅面的宽广( broad ocean (shoulders; chest.) wide 指一边到另一边的距离 wide eyes (mouth, river.) broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) v. & n. 广播 broom n.扫帚 v. 扫 brother n.兄或弟，会友，教友 brother-in law 姐夫，妹夫 brows

42、e v.浏览 brown adj. 棕色；咖啡色 brush n. 刷子，毛笔 v. 1. 刷 2. 掠过 bucket 水桶，吊桶 bug n.小虫；迷 bug 爬虫或飞虫 worm 蠕虫 build (built, built) vt. 建造；建设 building n. 建筑物 builder n. 建设者 bull n.公牛 bull 公牛；斗牛 cow 母牛；奶牛 ox (en) 公牛 buffalo 水牛 cattle 牛群 beef 牛肉 bullet n 子弹 a bullet-proof car 防弹车 burden n. & v. heavy load 重负，负重 be b

43、urdened with 负重 burn v. & n. 燃烧；烧伤 burn away 烧掉 burn down 烧成平地, burst v.爆炸 burst into 闯入 burst out 突然开始 ,burst into laughter/tears bury vt.埋藏 bus n.公共汽车 bush n. 灌木 business n.生意； get down to business 言归正传 on business 因公(外出) busy adj.忙；没空 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 be busy with 忙于某事 free 有空的；自由的 but co

44、nj.但是 do nothing(anything) but (do) 后面接不带“to”的动词不定式 butcher n屠夫; 肉商 butter n.黄油；奶油 button n.纽扣；按钮 v. 按钮 buy v.买；购买 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. buyer n. 购买者 sell 卖 by prep. 1. by way of 经；由；被 2.在旁边 by bus (plane, train , ship, air.) 乘公共汽车（飞机，火车，船） by accident 意外地 = by chance by force 用武力 by heart

45、 牢记 by mistake 弄错 by now 现在 by sea 由海路 by the way 顺便说 by then 到那时 bye-bye=. goodbye 再见C = 摄氏温度计（的） CAAC中国民航 cabbage n.卷心菜；洋白菜 cafe n. 咖啡馆；餐馆 cage n. 笼；鸟笼 vt.将（某人/物）关入笼中 cake n.蛋糕；糕；饼 call v. & n. 称呼；取名；呼唤；叫喊；叫；喊；（一次）电话；通话 call at (a place),访问（某地） call back, ring back 回电话 call for,去取（某物）；去接（某人）；要求；号召

46、；约请 call in召来；召集 call on.拜访；访问 calm adj. quiet, not worried; 平静的；镇静的；沉着的 v. 镇定；使镇定 calorie n.卡（热量单位） camera n.照相机；摄相机 in camera不公开地私下 camp v. & n. 野营；宿营；营 go camping 去野营 a summer camp 夏令营 can v. 能够；可以；可能；会.can not be too careful 怎么小心也不过分 be able to 与can can 没有将来式和完成式。Be able to 有各种时态。 could 和 was ab

47、le to/ were able to 都可以表过去的“一般能力”。表过去具体的能力要用was/were able to。不过否定式couldnt 也可表具体的能力。 n. 罐头；金属容器 Canada n.加拿大 Canadian n加拿大人 cancer n.癌症 candle n.蜡烛 cap n.帽子；（管，瓶等的）盖 capital n.首都；省会；大写字母； h资本；资方 captain n. 陆军上尉；海军上校；船长；（足球队等）队长 car n.小汽车 card n.卡片，名片 cardigan n.开襟绒线衫 care n. & v. 小心；谨慎；注意；关心；介意 take

48、care of, look after 照料；照顾 care for, like, want 喜欢；想要 careful adj.谨慎的；小心的；仔细的 careless adj.粗心的；漫不经心的 carelessly adv. thoughtlessly粗心地 carol n. 颂歌；欢乐之歌 carpet n.地毯；毛毯 carriage n.四轮马车；cart（火车）客车厢 carrot n.胡萝卜 carry v.运送；搬运；携带 carry off, snatch夺走 carry on, go on继续下去 carry out,进行；开展；执行（计划，命令）； 实现 cart n.

49、（三轮货车）马车；火车；小推车 v. 用大车拉（某物） cartoon n.动画片 cartoon-makercarve v刻，雕刻 case n.盒；袋；套；箱状况，情况 in that case若是那样的话 cash n. 钱；现款；现金 castle n.城堡 cast v.扔；投；掷；抛 castor n.蓖麻 cat n.猫 catch v. caught , caught接住、捉住 be in time for 赶上 become infected with染患 catch fire着火 catch up with (a)赶上某人 (b)赶工 cattle n.牛的总称 cause

50、 v.引起；使产生；使发生 n. t原因；起因 cave n山洞 ceiling n.天花板、平顶 celebrate v.庆祝 cent n. 一分钱 centimeter n.公分；厘米 centre n. 中心；中央；中心点 central adj.中央的，中心的century n.百年 certain adj确定的；无疑的 (b)一定的 (c)未指明的、未说明的；某种 certainly adv. without doubt 无疑地、确定地 chain n.锁链 in chains上着镣铐；在囚禁中 chair n.椅子 chairman n. g主席；议长；会长 chalk n.粉笔

51、 chance n.机会 change v.改变、更换,兑换 n.变化,零钱 changefor 用换 changeinto把变成 change ones mind改变主意 channel n.水渠 chapter n.篇、章 character n. 1.人物；角色（小说、戏剧等）；2.字体 charge v.索价、要价 n.费用 in charge of负责管理 chart v.制图 ,n.航海图,图表 chat n. & v.聊天、闲谈 cheap adj. l便宜、贱 cheaply adv. 廉价地 check v.检查、核对 n.检查、核对； check支票;饭馆等的帐单 chec

52、k out结帐；查明 cheek n.面颊 cheer v.欢呼；喝彩 cheese n.乳酪、干酪 chemical n.化学物； adj.化学的 chemical rain 酸雨 chemist n.药剂师化学家 chemistry n.化学 cheque n. (Br.E)支票 chest n.箱子、盒子 chew v.咀嚼 chicken n.幼鸟、小母鸡；鸡肉 chief adj.主要的; 重要的; n首领 child n. pl. children儿童、孩子 childhood n.:幼年；童年 chime n.乐器、钟等奏出的谐和的乐声 chimney n. 烟筒、烟囱 Chin

53、a n. 中国 Chinese n.中国人,汉语 adj.中国人，汉语的 chocolate n. 巧克力； 巧克力糖 choice n. 选择、挑选 choose v. (chose; chosen)选择；挑选 Christmas n.圣诞节 Church n.教堂 ，教会 cigarette n.香烟、纸烟 cinema n.电影院 circle n圈； 集团 citizen n.市民 city n. 城市 civil adj.公民的、国内的 claim vt.声称、断言 clap v.拍手；鼓掌 class n.班、级、课 classmate n同班同学 clean adj.干净；清洁

54、v.弄干净；擦干净 clear adj.明亮的；清晰的；清楚 clear away，take away, get rid of 把清除掉 clear up 清理；整理 become clear（天气）放晴 clerk n.书记员；办事员；职员 clever adj. 聪明；伶俐的 climb v. 爬、攀登 n. 攀登 clock n.时钟 clinic n.诊所 close v.关；闭 cloth n布、布料 clothing n. clothes（总称）衣服 cloud n.云 club n.俱乐部；社团 coal n.煤 coast n海岸、海滨 coastline n.海岸线 coat

55、 n.外套、上衣 cock n. 雄鸡、公鸡 coin n.硬币 cold adj.寒冷的 n.寒冷 take / catch cold感冒、伤风 collar n.衣领 collect v. 收集；搜集；聚集 collection n. d收藏品 college n.（综合大学中）学院；高等专科学校 colo(u)r n.颜色；色彩 comb v.梳（头发） come come off:脱离，离开 ，come on:跟随 ，come out: 出来，出版、发行 come to: amount to共计；达到 come true:变为现实；实现 comedy n.喜剧 comfort n.舒服

56、、舒适；安慰 v.安慰 comfortable adj.舒服的 . uncomfortable comment n.评论 common adj.共同的;普通的 in common共同、共用 communicate v.传送；交换；互通 communism n.共产主义的 communist n.共产主义者; adj.共产主义的 companion n.同伴；同事 company n.陪伴； 公司 compare v. r比较 ,compare with 把和进行比较 comparedto 与相比;把比作 compete v.比赛；竞赛 competition n.比赛；竞赛 competito

57、r n.比赛者 complete adj.完全的；彻底的；完结的； v.完成；结束 composition n. 作文；作曲 compressed adj. 压缩的 computer. n .计算机 conceited adj. 骄傲自满的 concert n.音乐会；演奏会 condition n.条件; 状况; pl. 环境、情形 conductor n.售票员、列车员； 指挥；导体 conference n.会议讨论 congratulate v. 祝贺 congratulation n. (often pl)贺词 conjecture n推测 connect v.连接；把联系起来 co

58、ntinent n. 洲；大陆 continue v.继续；连续 contribution n.贡献 control v.控制；支配； n.控制；支配 convenient adj. 便利的；方便的 conversation n.谈话；交谈 cook v.烹调 n. 厨师、炊事员 cool adj. 凉的、凉快的 copy n.（书报等）一本、一份 v. 抄写 coral n. s珊瑚；珊瑚虫 corner n.角、角落、街道拐角 correct adj. 正确的；对的； v.改正、修正、纠正 cost (cost, cost) v. 值（多少钱）；花费 cottage n.村舍、小屋 cot

59、ton n.棉花；棉线；棉布 cough n. 咳嗽；咳嗽 count v. r 按顺序数;计数 counter n.柜台 country n.国家；农村、乡野 countryside农村、乡野 couple n. 一双；一对,夫妇 courage n. 勇气；胆略 course n.经过；过程；道路；课程 of course , naturally; certainly 自然；当然 court n. 法庭；法院 cousin n. 堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹 cover v.覆盖；遮盖；掩盖 n.罩；盖子 crazy adj风狂的 cream n.乳脂；乳油；膏状物 create v 创造；

60、造成；制造 crew n全体船员；机组人员 crisp adj. 脆的；松脆的 n. 油炸土豆 crop n 庄稼；收成 cross v.穿过；越过；渡过 n.十字形；交叉 adj. 脾气不好的；易怒的 crowd n. 人群；群集；拥挤；挤满 cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；无情的 cry v.叫喊；哭声 cubic,adj.立方形的；立方体的 cupboard碗柜、衣柜 cure v.治疗； n.治愈；全愈 curious adj. 奇妙的；稀奇的 curtain n.（门、窗）帘；幕 cushion n.垫子 custom n.风俗；习俗;习惯 customer n. g顾客；顾主d

61、ad n. （口语）爸爸；爹爹 daily adj. & adv. 日常的; 日常地 n. 日报 dam n.水坝；水闸 damage n.损害；损坏 v. 损坏 dance v. 跳舞 n.舞蹈；舞步 danger n. 危险 in danger 处在危险状态 dangerous adj.: 危险的 damp n. 潮湿; 潮湿的 dare v. & aux. 敢；敢于 dark adj. 黑暗的；深色的；棕色的 darkness n.: 黑暗 dawn n. daybreak 黎明；破晓 date n. 日期 date from: 始于 daughter n. 女儿 day n.白天 ,一

62、天by day :日间；白天里 day after day日复一日 day and night :all day and all night: 日日夜夜 one day（过去或将来）某一天 the day after tomorrow : 后天 the day before yesterday : 前天 the other day : a few days ago: 前几天 day by day : one day to another: 一天天的。 daylight n.白昼 黎明deaf adj.聋的 deal v. (dealt delt , dealt ) 分配,经营 deal wit

63、h : 对付；应付； 涉及 a good (great )deal of: =quite a lot of: 大量；相当多 dear adj.亲爱的；可爱的； 昂贵的；高价的 death n. 死 debt n.债务；欠款 in debt :欠债 December n.十二月 decide v.: 决定；下决心 decision n.决定；决心 declare v.声明；断言 deed n.行为；事迹do a good deed: 做一见好事 deep adj.深的； adv. 深深地 deer n.鹿 defeat n. 击败；失败 v. 击败;使挫败 ( syn. beat, overco

64、me ) defence n. 防御；防备 defend v. 防卫；保卫 ( syn. protect, safeguard ) definite adj. 明确的；肯定的；无疑的 degree n.角或温度的单位：度,学位 delay v. 推迟,耽搁 ( syn. postpone, put off ) delicious adj. 美味的；妙的 delight n.高兴；快乐 ( syn. pleasure )v 使高兴；使快乐 deliver v. 传递；交付 give forth in words 发言: demand v.: 要求；需求 department n.: 部门;车间

65、( syn. store; shop )department store百货公司 depend v. (with on or upon ) =rely on依赖；依靠 depth n. 深；深度 describe n. 描写；描述 decription n. 描写；描述 desert n.沙漠；荒漠 desert v.抛弃;遗弃 design v.设计；绘制 n.设计 designer n.设计人；制图员 desire n.要求；期望 desk n. 书桌；写字台 destroy v. 破坏；毁坏 detective n.侦探 determine v. 决定；下决心 determination

66、 n. 决定 determined adj. 坚决的 develop v.开发，发展冲洗 development n.开发，发展 devote v.专心，献身devote to: 献身于，致力于,专心 dial v. 拔（电话号码） diamond n.钻石，金刚石 diary n.日记 dictation n. 听写 dictionary n. 词典，字典 die v. 死，枯萎 die of: 死于（表示由于内部原因，疾病，情感，饥寒等而死） die from 死于（表示由于外部原因，偶然性死亡） die out: 消失，灭亡 difference n.不同 different adj.

67、not the same: 不同的，差异的 ( syn. various ) ( ant. same )differently adv. 不同地 difficult adj. not easy: 难的，困难的 ( syn.hard ) ( ant. easy )difficulty n. the state or quality of being difficult: 困难，难事 dig v. ( dug, dug ) use a tool to break up and move earth; 挖， 掘 ( syn. pick )digest v. change, be changed, i

68、n the stomach and bowels, so that it can be used in the body: take into the mind; 消化，领会 dingo n. a kind of dogs in Australia: 澳洲的一种野狗 dinner n. main meal of the day: 正餐 ( syn. meal ) dining room: a room for meals: 餐厅 dip v. put, lower sth. into a liquid: put and take sb. into and out sth.: 浸，蘸；把放入又放

69、出 direct adj. with nothing or no one in between; in an unbroken line: 直 接的 v. manage; control: 指导，控制direct speech 直接引语 ( syn. guide ) ( ant. indirect )direction n. course taken by a moving person or thing face: 方向，方位 director n. person who directs the actors and actresses; person who controls a fact

70、ory or a workshop: (戏剧，电影的)导演，（工厂）厂长，（车间的）主任 directory n. list of names and addresses: 姓名地址录 dirt n. unclean matter: 污物；脏物 dirty adj. not clean; covered with dirt: 脏的； v. Make or become dirty: 弄脏 ( ant. clean )disability n. lack of ability: 残废；无能 ( ant. ability )disabled adj. make unable to do sth.:

71、 残废的；残疾的 disadvantage n. unfavourable condition：不利条件；弱点 ant. advantage disagree v. Take a different view; have different opinions: 不同意；意见不同 ( ant. agree )disagreement n. act of disagreeing:。意见不同；不同意 ant. agreement disappear v. Go out of sight; be seen no more: 消失 ( ant. appear )disappoint adj. fail

72、to do or be equal to what is hoped for expected 使失望 disappointing adj. causing sth. to be disappointed: 令人失望的；令人扫兴的 disappointment n. being disappointed: 失望；沮丧 disaster n. great or sudden misfortune: 灾难；祸患 discover v. find out: 发现 ( syn. invent; find )discrimination n. discriminating：岐视 discovery n.

73、 discovering or be discovered: 发现 discuss v. Examine and argue about: 讨论；议论 discussion n. talk for the purpose of discussing: 讨论 disease n. illness: 病；疾病 syn. illness dish n. shallow, flat-bottomed vessel: 盘子；碟子food bought to table on a dish: 一道菜 disk n. thin, flat, round plate from which music or s

74、ongs can be heard: 磁盘 dislike v. not like:不喜欢；厌恶 ( syn. hate )( ant. like; love )disobey v. Pay no attention to orders: 不服从 ant. obey distance n. measure of space between two points, places: 距离；远处 distant adj. far away in space or time: 远的,遥远的 ( syn. far )( ant. close; near )district n. part of a co

75、untry：区；地区；区 disturb v. Break the quiet, calm, peace, or order of; put out of the right or usual position: 扰乱；打扰 dive v. go head first into water: 跳水 divide v. separate, splite or break up: 分；划分；分割 divide up: 分配 divide.into把分为 do (did, done, does) aux.1. used with another verb to form questions or n

76、egatives(1) 放在主语前构成疑问句(2) 与not连用构成否定句2. used to give emphasis to the main verb 用于强调v. 1. carry out action 干；做（事）2. complete 完成3. make, produce 制作，产生4. make tidy 整理，使整洁5. study 学习，研究do a good deed 做件好事do cleaningcookingshopping 扫除做饭买东西do somebody a favor 帮某人一个忙do the deed 付诸行动，生效do good to 对.有益do wit

77、h 处理，安排do well in 在.方面做得好do wrong 做坏事，犯罪doctor n.1. medical practitioner 医生2. academic title 博士( syn. physician, surgeon)dog n. the animal 狗Love me, love my dog 爱屋及乌Let sleeping dogs lie 莫惹是非dollar n. the standard unit of money in the us, Australia, Canda, HongKong and other countries, for which the

78、 sign is （美国，澳地利，加拿大，香港和其它一些国家的货币 单位）元（符号为）door n.1. the large flat object that you open and close at the entrance to a building, room, vehicle etc. 门2. the space made by an open door 通道 doorstep 石阶doorway 门口；喻入门doorbell 门铃double 1. adj. having two parts or lagers 双的2. adj. twice as much 两倍的3. v. fo

79、ld 把.对折4. n. exact likeness 极相似doubt n.u uncertainty 疑惑v. be uncertain 怀疑v. mistrust 不信( syn. suspect) ( ant. Believe)down adv. 1. to/in a lower position 向下2. into a weaker, smaller, or quieter state 减退下去变小.prep: 1. to wards the ground or a lower point or in a lower position 向下2. alone 沿着（街道，河流）而下an

80、t. updowntown 在（往）城市的中心区和商业区downstairs在楼下，到楼下downward向下downhill往山脚dozen n. twelve 一打，十二个dozens of : lots of n+ 很多draw v.(drew, drawn)1. make line, depict 画，描绘2. pull, pull after one 拉3. extract 引出，抽出，取出n. equal outcome to a match 平局，不分胜负( syn. drag, pull)drawer n. 抽屉drawing n. 绘画，图画dream v.(dreamed,

81、 dreamed, dreamt, dreamt)1. imagine during sleep 梦，做梦2. fancy 梦想，梦幻n. 1. c a series of thoughts, images, and feeling that you experience when you are sleep 梦3. c wish 愿望dream of 向往；渴望；梦想dress n. 1. a place of clothing worn by a woman or girl thatcovers her body from her shoulders to somewhereon her

82、leg 长裙2. apparel in general 服装（尤指外衣）syn. clothesv. 1. clothe oneself 给自己穿衣3. clothe someone else 给别人穿衣（不可用衣服作宾语）( syn. put on ,wear) ( ant. undress)dress up （给.）穿上盛装drill n. 1. exercises 练习，操练2. instrument for boring 钻头，钻孔器v. 1. bore 钻（孔），钻通2. exercises 训练syn. exerise, practice, trainingdrink v.(dra

83、nk, drunk)1. quench thirst 止渴，饮，喝2. soak 吸收3. take alcohol 喝酒n. amount of liquid 饮料，酒drinker 酒徒adj. drinkable 可以喝的drive v. (drove, driven)1. steer a car 驾驶车2. cause to go 驱，赶3. force to work 逼迫，迫使n. 1. journey by car 驾驶，驱车旅行2. private road way to a house 车道（尤指和室内的汽车道）( syn. ride)drive home 开车回家drive

84、 away 把车开走drive off 赶走drive sb. mad 使某人发狂driver n. c 司机，驾驶员dropn. 1. fall 降下，落下2. globule 滴剂3.small amount of liquid 滴v. 1. fall 落下，降落2. allow to fall 使落下，使滴下3. lower 降低( syn. fall)drop in 顺便走访某人（接地点时用介词at，接人用on）drown v.1. die by submersion 淹死，溺死2. obliterate 淹没，消失3. bathe 把.沉浸在液体中like a drowned rat

85、 （湿得）象落汤鸡drug n. 1. medicine 药2. habitforming substance 成瘾性药品v. render unconscious by drugs 使麻醉drug store 药房a drug user 吸毒者drunk adj. (not before noun) unable to control your behaviour, speech etc because you have drunk too much 醉的n. someone who is drunk or often gets drunk( syn. drunken (drier, dri

86、est ) 酒鬼)dry adj. 1. opposite of wet 干燥的2. thirsty 口渴的3. having very little rain or moisture 干旱的v. I,T to make something dry or become dry 使.干( ant. wet) ( dryness n. 干燥)duck n. c a very common water bird with short legsand a wide beak that is used for its meat,eggs, and soft feathers. 鸭v. to lower

87、your head or body very quickly, especiallyto avoid being seen or hit. 迅速低下头（或弯下身）闪避，躲避due adj. 1. proper, right 适当的，应有的2. owed 应支付的3. to be expected to happen or arrive at a particular time 预期的，约定give sb. hisher due 给某人以应得的评价due to : because of 由于( syn. owing to , because of , thanks to)dull adj. 1.

88、 boring 单调无味的2. not bright or shine 暗淡无光的3. not sharp 钝的v. to make something such as pain or a feeling become less sharp less clear etc 使迟钝，缓和，减轻( ant. sharp)during prep. 1. all through a length of time 在.期间2. at some time in a period of time 在.的时候( syn.in the course of 在.期间)dust n. 1. u dry powder

89、consisting of extremely small bits of earth or sand 出土，灰烬，粉末2. dry powder consisting of extremely small bits of dirt which you find in buildings on furniture, floors etc 灰尘v. 1. remove dust 去掉.上的灰尘2. to shake a fine powder over something 撒（粉末），（把粉末）撒在.上dusty adj. 尘土一般的duster n. 打扫工，揩布，掸帚dustman 清除垃圾

90、的人( syn. clean ) ( ant. dirty)duty n. 1. c, u something that you have to do because itis morally or legally 责任，本分，义务2. c usually plural, u something you have to do as part of your job or because of your social position 职务，勤务do ones duty 尽自己的责任on duty 值日，值班off duty 不上班( syn. obligation, responsibilit

91、y )each pron. adj. every single one of two or more things or people considered separately 各个,每个 each and every one: an expression used to emphasize that you are talking about every single person or thing in a group 每个 each other 互相,彼此 eageri:g adj. very keen and excited about something that is going

92、 to happen or about something you want to do 渴望的,热切的 be eager to do sth. 渴望干. be eager for(after) knowledge 渴求知识 be eager about ones progress 争取进步 be eager in ones studies 专心学习 adv. eagerlyi:g li 热切地,渴望地 n. eagerness 渴望. ear n.1.cone of the organs on either side of your head that you hear with 耳朵 2.

93、cthe ability to hear sounds 听觉,听能 give ear to 听,倾听,注意 be all ears 全神贯注地倾听着. early adj. 1.near to the beginning of a day, year, someones life, etc. 早期的,早时的 2.arriving or happening before the usual or expected time 早的,早到,早发生. 3.near enough to the beginning of a process to prevent something bad from ha

94、ppening 及早的 adv. 1.before the usual, arranged, or expected time 早地 2.near the beginning of a day, week, or other period of time 在初期在早时,在早期 3.near the beginning of an event, story, process, etc. earn v. 1.I.Tto receive a particular amount of money for the work that you do 挣得,赚得. 2.Tto make a profit f

95、rom business or from putting money in a bank, lending it to a company, etc.赢得 3.Tto get something that you do serve, because of your qualities or actions 博得,应得 earn money 挣钱 earn ones living 谋生 n. earnings :ni z 所得,收入,报酬 syn. gain earth n. 1.sing.the earth the world that we live in 地球 2.Usubstance t

96、hat plants, trees etc grow in. 土,泥 3.sing.the hard surface of the world, as opposed to the sea 陆地,地面,地上 earthquake n. 地震 on earth 究竟 syn. world; globe; ground; land; soil east (abbreviation E) n. 1.sing. U the direction from which the sun rises, that is on the right of a person facing north 东,东方 2.a

97、dj. in the east or facing the east 东方的,朝东的 3.adv. towards the east 在东方,向东方 in the east of .在.的东部(境内) on the east (of) 在.(的)东面(接壤) to the east of 在.以东(境外) East Africa 东部非洲 easterni:st n adj. 东方的,东部的 easy adj. 1.not difficult, and not needing much physical or mental effort 容易的,不费力的 2.not feeling worri

98、ed or anxious安逸的,安心的,平静的 take it easy 别着急,别紧张 easy chair 安乐椅 easy going 懒散的,随和的,放荡的,悠闲的 adv. easily 容易地,不费力地,舒适地 eat v. (ateet,eaten) I.T to put food in your mouth and swallow it 吃 eat up 吃光 eatable 可食用的 n.通常复食物,食品 eater n.食者 syn: have, take, dine edge n. 1. the part of an object that is furthest fr

99、om its center 边,边缘 2. the thin sharp part of a blade or too( that cuts) 加,利刃,锋,锐利 v. 1.T to put something on the edge or border of something 给.加上边 2.I. always + adv./prep., T. always + adv./prep. to develop gradually, or to make something do this 使渐进,徐缓地移动 syn. border education n. 1.sing., U the pro

100、cess by which your mind develops through learning at a school, college or university 教育 2.sing.,U the knowledge and skills that you gain from being taught 培养，训导 further education 深造，进修 syn. schooling effect n. C,U the way in which an event, action, or person changes someone or something 影响，结果，效果，作用

101、v.T formal to make something happen 产生，招致 have an effect on 对产生影响 bring into (to) effect 实行，实现，实施 take effect （药等）见效，（法规等）生效 syn. result ant. cause effort n. 1.U the physical or mental energy that is needed to do something 努力，尽力 2.C,U an attempt to do something, especially when this involves a lot o

102、f hard work or determination 艰难地尝试 make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事 make every effort (to do sth.) 尽一切努力做某事 syn. pain, trouble ant. ease egg n. 1.C a round object with a hard surface, that contains a baby bird, snake, insect etc and which is made by a female bird, snake or insect 蛋 2.C,U an egg, espe

103、cially one from a chicken, that is used for food 鸡蛋 egg sb . on T to encourage someone to do something especially something that they should not do怂恿，煽动 eight num. 1.the number between seven and nine; the number 8 2. a team of eight people who row a racing boat 八人的划船队 either i: conj. used to begin a

104、 list of two or more possibilities separated by or 或者，要么（一般与or连用） adj.,pron.1. one or the other of two things or people （两者中的）任何一个 2. one and the other of two things or people, each （两者之中的）每一方 syn. both adv.only in negatives also 也 syn: also either.or. 或者.或者.；是.还是.；不是.就是. elder adj. only before noun

105、 a brother etc who is older than other brothers, etc. 年龄较大的 n. 1. a member of a tribe or other social group who is important and respected because they are old （复数）长者，前辈 2. someone who has an official position of responsibility in some Christian churches （教会的）长老 3. a small wild tree with white flowe

106、rs and black berries接骨木 syn. older ant. younger electric adj. 1. an electric machine, light, etc. works using electricity 电的、用电的 2. an electric situation is one in which people are very excited because something important is going to happen令人震惊的, 惊心动魄的 electrical ilektrik l adj. 电的、电气的 electricity i

107、lektrisiti n.u 电、电流 elephant n.c a very large grey animal with four legs, two tusks and a trunk that it can use to pick things up 大象 eleven num. 1. the number between ten and twelve 2. a team of eleven players in football or cricket 十一个人的足球队 else adv., adj. who/what/why, etc. else or anything/someon

108、e anywhere etc else. a) besides or in addition to someone, something etc. 其他,另外 b) apart from or instead of something, someone,etc. 别的 or else 否则,不然的话 employ T 1.to pay someone to work for you 雇用 2.to use a particular method or still in order to do something. 用,使用 n. u in sbs employ formal if you ar

109、e in someones employ, you work for them 雇用,使用 syn. hire ant. dismiss empty adj. 1. having nothing inside container. 空的 2. an empty room, building etc does not have any people in it (房屋,建筑等)没人居住的 3. not being used by anyone 无用的 V.T also empty out if you empty a container, you remove everything that i

110、s in it. 倒空,使.成为空的 syn. hollow. vacant ant. full encourage T 1. to say or do something that helps someone have the courage or confidence to do sth. 鼓励 2.to make something more likely to happen or make people uragement n. 鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 syn. excite, inspire end n.C 1. the last pa

111、rt of something such as a period of time activity, book or film. 完成,结束,终止,限度 2. the furthest point of a place or object 尖,梢,尽头 3. a situation in which something is finished or no longer exists 结局,结束 v. I to finish or stop 结束,终止,消灭,了结 endless adj. 无止境的,无穷的,没完的 ending c (pl. endings) 结局,结尾,最后 in the e

112、nd 最后,终于 end up 结束,告终 at the end of .最后, .尽头 by the end of 在.结束时, 到.末为止 make ends meet 量入为出, 使收支相抵 syn. complete, finish ant. begin enemy n.C 1. someone who hates you and wants to harm you 仇人 2. someone who opposes you and wants to prevent you doing something 仇敌 3. someone you are fighting in a war

113、敌人 syn. foe ant. friend energy n. C.,U. 1. the physical and mental strength that makes you to be active 活动,劲 2. power that is used to provide heat, drive machine, etc. such as oil and coal 能,能量 3. energies. the effort that you use to do things 精力,能力 syn. power, vigour engineer n. c 1. one who is tra

114、ined to plan and build roads, bridges, machines, etc.工程师 2. someone who controls the engines on a ship or aircraft 操纵员 管理员 v. T to arrange something by clever secret planning 设计 策划 engineering n. U 工程 工程学 English n. U 1. the language of Britain, the US, Australia and some other countries 英语 2. Engli

115、sh language and literature as a subject of study 英语言学 3. the English people from England 英国人 adj. from or connected with England or Britain 英国的 英语的 英国人的 England n. 英格兰(泛指)英国 Englishman n.(pl. Englishmen)英国人, 英国男人 in English 用英语 enjoy v. T 1. to get pleasure from something 享受.的乐趣, 喜爱 2. to have somet

116、hing good such as success or a particular ability or advantage 享有(利益、权利、声誉等), 享受 enjoyable adj. 愉快的; 快乐的; 有趣的 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 enjoy doing something 喜欢做某事 syn. appreciate ant. depreciate, loathe lou enough adv. to the necessary degree 足够地，充分地 pron. adj. as much as many as may be necessary 足够的，充分的

117、syn. sufficient ant. insufficient, inadequate enter v.1. I.T to go or come into a place 进去，进入 2. T start to take part in 加入，参加 3. I.T start working开始从事，开始进入，开始研讨 syn. come into entire adj. only before noun whole; complete; all全部的，整个的 entirely adv. 完全地，彻底地 syn. whole ant. partial entrance n. C 1. a d

118、oor, gate, etc. that you go through to enter a place 入口 2. C., usually sing. the act of entering a place or room进入 3. U permission to become a member of or become involved in a profession, university, society, etc.入场，入会，入学 syn. entry ,entree ant. exit envelope n. C 1. a thin paper cover in which you

119、 put a letter 信封 2. a layer of something that surrounds something else 外壳，封套，封皮 envy v. T to wish that you had someone elses possessions, abilities, etc. 妒忌，羡慕 n. U the feeling of wanting something that someone else has . 妒忌，羡慕 envy sb.(for) sth. 羡慕某人. equal adj. 1. the same in size, value, amount,

120、number, etc. as something 均等的，相同的 2. having the same rights, opportunities, etc. as everyone else, whatever your race, religion, or sex. 平等的 3. be equal to : to have the ability to deal with a problem, piece of work etc successfully 胜任的，经得起的 v. equalled, equalling: to be exactly the same in size, nu

121、mber, or amount as something else 等于 n. C someone who is as important, intelligent etc as you as you are, or who has the same rights and opportunities as you do 相等者，相同者，同辈 equally 平等地，相同地，公平地，平均地 equality n. 同等，平等，均等 equipment n. 1. U all the special tools, machines, clothes, etc. that you need for

122、a particular activity. 设备，器材 2. singular the process of equipping someone or something . 配备，装备 escape v. 1. I. T to get away from a place when someone is trying to catch you or stop you leaving 逃跑，逃离 2. I. T to get away from a dangerous situation that is likely to harm you if you do not leave 逃跑，逃脱，

123、避免 3. I. T to succeed in avoiding being involved in an unpleasant, difficult or dangerous situation 避免 n. C, U the act of getting away from a place where you do not want to be, or from an unpleasant or dangerous situation. 逃跑，逃离 a narrow escape 九死一生 a fire escape （火警时使用的）太平梯，安全梯，安全出口 syn. flee, run

124、away ant. capture especially also specially adv. sentence adv. used to emphasize that something is more with one particular thing than with others 特别，尤其 2. +adj./adv. to a particularly high degree or much more than usual 特别地 3. for a particular person, purpose etc. +for主要为. Europe n.1. the large lan

125、d mass that lies north of the Mediterranean and goes as far east as the Ural Mountains 欧洲 2. the European Union 欧洲联盟 3. BRE the continent of Europe not including Britain 欧洲大陆 European n. 欧洲人 adj. 欧洲的 even adv. 1. used to emphasize something that is unexpected or surprising in what you are saying 甚至，

126、即使 2. even bigger/better/brighter etc used to emphasize that someone or something is bigger better etc than before, or than someone or something else you have just mentioned更加（与形容词或副词比较级连用） adj. 1. completely flat with all parts at the same height.平坦的，平的 2. an even rate, temperature etc is steady an

127、d does not change much 均匀的，平稳的 3. divided equality so that there is the same amount of something in each place, for each person etc. 平均的，公平的 even if/though 即使尽管 syn. still evening n. C, U the early part of the night between the end of the day and the time you go to bed 傍晚，晚上（从日落至就寝） inter. (informal

128、): used to greet someone when you meet them in the evening 晚上好 syn. night ant. morning, day event n. 1. C something that happens, especially something important interesting or unusual 事件，大事 2. C an important performance, sports competition, party, etc. which has been arranged for a particular date a

129、nd time（安排好的）重要节目，运动比赛，晚会等 3. C any of the races, competitions arranged as part of a days sports（运动会等的）比赛项目 current events 时事 ever adv. 1. a word meaning at any time; used mostly in question, negatives, comparisons, or sentences with if （用于问句，否定句以及表示条件和比较的从句）在任何时候；曾经 2. a word meaning always; used e

130、specially with expressions of time 总是，永远 ever since 自.以来（就一直.） for ever 永远 every adj. 1. each one of a group of things or people that make a group or set 每一的，每个的 2. used to emphasize that you are talking about the whole of something. 一切的，全部的 syn. each every bit 每一点，完全，全部 every now and then （或again）

131、常常，不时地 every other 每隔 every once in a while 偶尔，间或 every two years 每隔两年 everybody /everyone pron. 每人 everyday adj. 每天的，日常的 syn. daily everything pron. 每件事，事事 everywhere adv. 到处 exact adj. 1. correct and including all the necessary details 确切的，准确的 2. someone who is exact is very carefully and through

132、in what they do 严格的，严厉的 3. an exact science is based on calculating and measuring things rather than on opinions, guessing, etc. 精确无误的，精密的 exactly adv. 确切地，精确地 syn. right ant. inexact exam n. 1. C a spoken or written test of knowledge, especially an important one 考试，考查 exam= examination: C (formal)

133、a spoken or written test of knowledge 考试 2. C,U the process of asking questions to get specific information, especially in a court of law 审查，查问 3. C, U the process of looking at something carefully in order to see what it is like 细查，检查 syn. test, quiz fail an examination 考试不及格 pass an examination 考试

134、及格 take an examination 参加考试 carry out a medical examination 进行体格检查 examine v. I.T to look at something carefully in order to make a decision, find something, check something etc. 检查，考查，诊察 example n. a thing, person, situation etc that you mention to show what you mean or to show that something is tr

135、ue 实例，范例，模范，榜样 for example 例如 give/set a good example to sb. 为某人树立好榜样 make an example of sb. 惩罚某人以儆他人 Example is better than precept 谚 以身作则胜于口头训诲 syn. instance excellent adj. extremely good or of very high quality 优秀的，卓越的，杰出的，极好的 excellence n. eks l ns 优秀，杰出，卓越 excellency n. eks l nsi 1.Br.E 阁下，对大使，

136、总督，主教等的）尊称 2.（常用复）优点，美德 （excellence） except 1.conj. except for: apart from 除去、撇开、除非（可用于句首）表示与谈论的对象不属同一类 2.prep. a) used to introduce the only thing or person in a group about which a statement is nottrue 除.之外 b) other than; but except from: not include something when you are talking about or conside

137、ring a number or group things 把.除外;不计 except that (接从句)除.外。 excite v.T 1. to make someone feel a particular emotion.刺激 2. if something excites comment etc it makes people talk about it 激发,唤起引起 3. not in progressive or passive to make someone feel happy interested or hopeful because something good ha

138、s happened or is going to happen 使兴奋, 使激动 excited adj. 兴奋的,激动的 exciting adj.令人兴奋的,使人激动的 syn. encourage, inspire excuse v.T excuse me (spoken) 1. used when you want to get someones attention politely, especially when you want to ask a question (提问问题时的客套)打扰了; 原谅 2. used to say that you are sorry for d

139、oing something rude or embarrassing (常用于插话,表示异议等场合) 对不起 3. used to ask someone politely to move so that you can walk past (请示某人让开的客套话) 对不起,打扰. excuse sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做过某事 syn. pardon, forgive n. c 1. a reason that you give to explain careless or offensive behavior 理由 2. a false reason that yo

140、u give to explain why you are doing something or not doing sth. 借口, 辩解 in excuse of 作为.的借口. syn. reason, explanation exercise n. 1.U physical activities that you do in order to stay healthy and become stronger训练、锻炼 2. C a movement or set of movements that you do regularly in order to keep a particul

141、ar part of your body strong and healthy运动 3. C(usually pl.) an activity or process that helps you practise a particular skill such as playing a musical instrument or singing 练习 v. 1. I to walk, do sports, etc. in order to stay healthy and become stronger 锻炼 2. T to make a particular part of your bod

142、y move in order to make it stronger 锻炼(身体某部位) exhibition n. 1.C a public show where you put things so that people can go to them展览、展览会。 2.U the act of showing something such as a painting in a public place表演;显示 on exhibition 展出 syn. show existv.I, not in progressive 1. if someone or something exists

143、 that person or thing is real and has not been imagined by someone 存在、实在 2. to happen or present in a particular situation延续、继续存在、存在状态 3. to stay alive especially in a difficult situation when you do not have enough money, food etc. 生存、存活 existence n.U 存在、生存、存在物 come into existence 产生、成立 expect vT 1

144、. to think that something will happen because it seems likely or has been planed 预期 2. to believe that someone or something is going to arrive 期待 3. to demand that someone does something because it is a duty or seems reasonable 要求、指望 expect to do sth. 料到(预计到.) expect sb. to do sth.期望某人干某事. syn. desi

145、re expensive adj. costing a lot of money 昂贵的 expensive mistake: a mistake that puts you in a very bad situation 高昂的代价 expensively adv. 花钱多地、高价地 syn. dear ant. cheap, inexpensive experience n. 1. U knowledge or skill gained while doing a job 经验 2. U the state of knowing or having learnt a lot, about

146、life and the world from events that have happened to you and people you have met 经历、阅历 3. C something that happens to you or something you do, especially when this affects or influences you in some way 体验 v.T 1. if you experience a problem or situation it happens to you or affects you 体验、经历 2. to fe

147、el a particular emotion or physical sensation 感受 experiment n.C,U 1. a thorough test using scientific methods to discover how someone or something reacts under certain conditions 实验 2. a process in which a new idea or method to see if it is useful or effective 试验 v.I 1. to try various ideas methods

148、etc to see whether they will work or what effect they will have 进行试验 2. to test something using scientific methods to see if it is true or to obtain more information about it进行实验 explain v. I,T 1.to make something clear or easy to understand 解释,说明,阐明 2.to give or be a reason for something 为.辩解,说明.的理

149、由 explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 explanation ,ekspl nei n n. 解释,说明,辩解,辩明 explode v. 1. I.T to burst, or to make something burstinto small pieces, usually with a loud noise and in a way that causes damage 爆炸, 使爆炸 2.I to suddenly become angry or dangerous 爆炸 3.T to prove that something that many people t

150、hink or believe is wrong or not true 破除, 戳穿, 驳倒(理论) express v. T 1.to tell people what you are feeling or thinking by using words (用语言)表达,表示,表白 2.to show your feelings or thoughts using art, music, films etc. (用艺术、音乐、电影等）表达. 3. to let people know what you are feeling or thinking by the look in your

151、face or by your behaviour (用面部表情或行为）表示，显示 adj. only before noun an express command, desire or aim is deliberately stated for a particular reason 特殊的，明确的，确切的 n. C, usually sing. a train or bus that travels from one place to another very quickly 快车，快运 U a post service that delivers letters and package

152、s very quickly 快递 adv. to send or deliver a letter, parcel, etc. quickly using a special post service 乘快车，以快递方式 expression ikspre n n. 表达，词句，表情 exploit v. T 1.to treat someone unfairly in order to get money or an advantage for yourself 剥削 2.to use something fully and effectively in order to gain an

153、advantage or profit利用，利用.而自肥 n. C, usually pl. brave and exciting action that people admire 功绩，功勋，英勇的行为，辉煌的成就 exploiter n. 剥削者 exploitable iks,pl it bl adj.可开发的，可利用的，可剥削的 extra adj. more of something, in addition to the usual or standard amount or number 额外的，外加的 adv. to cost, earn or pay more money

154、than the usual amount 另外收费的 n. C something which is added to a basic product or service which improves it and also costs more 额外人手，额外东西，额外费用 extremely adv. to a very great degree极端，极其，非常 eye ai n. C one of the two parts of the body that people and animals use to see 眼睛 have/keep your eyes on sb./sth

155、. 观察，照看 catch sbs eye 注目 eye-ball n. 眼球 eyed aid adj. 有眼的 eyeful aifl 满眼 eyesight n. 视力，目力face n. the front part of the head from the thin to the hair 脸；面孔； v. to have the face or front pointing (towards) 面对；面向 face to face in the direct presence(of) 面对面；当面 make a face to make an expression with the

156、 face to show rude amusement, disagreement, dislike, pain, etc. 做鬼脸；做苦脸 fact n. something that has actually happened or is happening; something known to be, or accepted as being, true 事实；实际 syn: reality; truth ant: conjecture as a matter of fact really; actually 事实上 syn: in (actual) fact; in point o

157、f fact in fact really; actually 实际上 syn: as a matter of fact; in point of fact factory n. a building or group of buildings where goods are made, esp, in great quantities by machines 工厂 syn: works; plant; mill fail v. to be unsuccessful(in) 失败；不及格 ant: succeed 成功 fair adj. 1. Free from dishonesty or

158、injustice 公平的；合理的； 2. fairly good 相当好（尚好） 3. (of the weather) fine; clear （天气）晴朗的； 4. (having skin or hair that is) light in colour not dark（肤色） 白晰的；（头发）淡色的 syn: proper; blond; pleasant ant: unfair fairly adv. 1. in a manner that is free from dishonesty; injustice, etc. 公正地； 2. for the most part; ra

159、ther; quite 相当地 syn: rather, quite faith n. strong belief; trust 信念；信仰 syn: trust ant: doubt fall v. (fell fallen) 1. to descend through the air 落下；下降 2. to come down from a standing position, esp. suddenly. 倒下；跌倒 3. Am.E autumn （美）秋天 syn: drop; descend; sink ant: rise fall asleep to go to sleep 入睡

160、fall ill to be not well in health 患病 fall in love with 爱上 fall off 跌落；下降 fall over 跌倒；倒下 fall to pieces 崩溃；倒塌 false adj. 1. not true or correct 不正确的 2. not real 假的 syn: wrong; incorrect ant: true; correct familiar adj. having a thorough knowledge(of) 熟悉 ant: unfamiliar be familiar with 对熟悉 family n.

161、 any group of people related by blood or marriage, esp. a group of parents and their children 家庭；家族 syn: household famous adj. very well known 著名的；有名的 syn: remarkable ant: obscure be famous for 因而著名 fan n. 1. an instrument meant to make a flow of (cool) air, such as an arrangement of feathers or pap

162、er in a half circle waved by hand, or a set of broad blades turned by a motor 扇子 2. a very keen follower or supporter, esp. of a sport or famous person 球迷 far adj. & adv. (farther farthest further furthest) a long way 远的/地 syn: remote ant: near far away a long way. 遥远的；远离的 far from farther than; ins

163、tead of 远离；完全不 so far until now 到目前为止 farm n. an area of land, with its buildings, concerned with the growing of crops or the raising of animals 农场；农庄 farmer n. a person who owns or plants the work on a farm 农夫；农场主；牧场主 syn: peasant farther adv. & adj. （far的比较级） more far 较远；更远 syn: further ant: neare

164、r fast adj. quick; moving quickly 快的 迅速的 adv. quickly快地；迅速地 syn: quick adv. quickly ant: slow adv. slowly fasten v. to make or become firmly fixed or joined 扎牢；扣住 syn: fix ant: unfasten. fat adj. having (too) much fat 肥胖的； n. the material under the skins of animals and human beings which helps to ke

165、ep them warm 脂肪 syn: feshy ant: lean father n. a male parent 父亲 fault n. a mistake or imperfection 缺点；毛病 syn: mistake ant: merit; excellent favo(u)r n. a kind act 恩慰；好意；帮助 syn: kindness ant: animus favo(u)rite n. something or someone that is loved above all others 特别喜爱的人（或物） adj. being a favorite 喜爱

166、的 syn: preferred fear n. the feeding that one has when danger is near; the feeding that something is likely to happen 害怕；恐惧；担忧 syn: dread; fright ant: fearlessness feather n. one of the many parts of the covering which grows on a birds body, like a thin stick with soft hair-like material on each sid

167、e 羽毛 February n. the 2nd month of the year 二月 feed v. （fed, fed） to give food to 喂（养）；饲（养） feel v. (felt, felt) to get knowledge of by touching with the fingers感觉；感触 feel like doing to have a wish for; want 觉得想做 ant: want would like to do 想做 would prefer to do 想做 feeling n. a consciousness of someth

168、ing felt 感情；感觉 syn: sensation fellow n. someone with whom one shares a (stated) activity or spends time in a (stated) place 同伴；伙伴 syn: companion; mate fence n. a wall made of wood or wire, dividing two areas of land 栅栏；篱笆 syn: hedge fetch v. to go and get from another place and bring back 去取；去拿 syn:

169、 bring few adj. not many; not enough 少数（的） pron. not many; no enough 不多（的） ant: many fever n. an illness in which the sufferer suddenly develops a very high temperature 发烧；发热 a few not many 一些；少数几个 field n. a stretch of land on a farm marked off in some way and weed for animals or crops 田地；牧场；场地 fie

170、rce adj. angry, violent and cruel 猛烈的 syn: violent; cruel; angry ant: tame; mild fifteen num. (the number) 15 十五 fifth num. 5th 第五 fifty num. (the number)50 五十 fight v. (fought, fought) to wse violence( against others) 打仗；打架；战斗 n. a battle 战斗 syn: battle; war figure n. a whole human body, as shown i

171、n art or seen in reality 塑像；画像 fill v. to make or become full 满；充满 syn: perrade ant: empty(v.) fill in to put in 填充；填空 film n. 1. the substance on which one takes photographs or makes cinema pictures 电影胶片 2. movie 电影 syn: movie final adj. last; coming at the end 最后的 syn: last find v. (found, found)

172、to discover, esp. by researching 找到；发现 syn: discover find out to learn or discover (a fact that was hidden) 查明；发现；了解 fine adj. bright and sunny; beautiful and of high quality晴朗的；美好的 healthy and comfortable（身体）很好的；健康的；舒适的 finger n. one of the movable parts with joints, at the end of each human hand 手

173、指 finish v. to come or bring to an end 结束；做完 syn: complete fire n. burning with place 火；火炉；火灾 v. to shoot off bullets 开火；射击 syn: blaze(n.) on fire 着火 fire alarm 火警 fire escape 安全梯 fire fighter 消防人员 fire wood 火柴 firm adj. strong; hard 牢固的；稳固的 n. business company 公司；企业 syn: strong; hard; solid ant: in

174、firm first adj. & adv. before anything else 第一 before the others 首先 n. the person or thing before all the others 开始；开端 ant: last at first at the beginning 起先；开始的时候 first of all as the first thing 首先 fish n. a creature which lives in water and use its fins and tail to swim 鱼；鱼肉 v. to try to catch fis

175、h 捕鱼；钓鱼 fishing net 鱼网 fist n. the hand with the fingers closed in tightly 拳头 fit v. 1. to be the right size or shape(for)（使）合适；（使）符合 2. to provide and put correctly into place安装 adj. right and suitable 适合的；适当的 syn: suitable ant: unfit be fit for be suitable 适合 five num. (the number)5 五 fix v. to re

176、pair 修理；安装；确定；决定 syn: repair ant: alter fix up 安顿；修理好 flag n. a square piece of cloth, usu. with a pattern or picture on it, fastened by one edge to a pole or rope 旗 syn: banner flash n. 1. a sudden quick bright light 闪光 2. the method or apparatus for taking photographs in the dark 闪光灯 in a flash 一杀

177、那间 flat adj. smooth and level. 平的；扁平的；平坦的；平展的； n. a set of rooms, esp. on one floor, usu. one of many such sets in a building or block 一套房间 syn: level(a.) apartment(n.) flight n. 1. trip by plane 航班；搭机旅行 2. a set of stairs 楼梯的一段 syn: flying float v. to stay at the top of liquid or be help up in air

178、without sinking 漂浮；浮动 syn: waft ant: sink flood v. 淹没；使泛滥 n. the covering with water of a place that is usu. dry; great overflow of water 洪水 floor n. 1. the surface on which one stands indoor; surface nearest the ground 地面；地板 2. a level of a building （楼梯的）层 flour n. grain, esp. Wheat, made into powd

179、er and used for making bread, pastry, cakes, etc. 面粉；粉 flow v. to run or spread smoothly like a river; pour 流动；涌出 syn: pour flower n. the part of a plant, often beautiful and coloured, that produced seeds or fruit 花 fly v. 1. to move through the air by means of wings or a machine飞翔；乘飞机； 2. to move t

180、hrough the air 飞行 fold v. to turn, bend, or press back one part of something and lay on the remaining part 折叠；合拢 syn: lap ant: unfold follow v. to come or go after 跟随；随后 to come next in order （表示时间，次序等）接着 fond adj. loving in a kind, gentle, or tender way 喜爱的；爱好的 syn: doting be fond of like 喜欢；爱好 foo

181、d n. something that living creatures or plants take into their bodies to give them strength and help them to develop and to live 食物；食品；养料 fool n. a silly person 傻子；蠢的 syn: idiot ant: wiseman foolish adj. without good sense; stupid; laughable 傻的；愚蠢的 syn: stupid ant: sensible foot (feet) n. 1. the mov

182、able part of the body at the end of the leg, below the ankle, on which a person or animal stands 脚；足 2. 12 inches or about 0.305 metres 英寸 on foot (by) walking 步行；走路 football n. a ball game between two teams of eleven players, using a round ball which is kicked but not handled 足球运动；足球 syn: soccer fo

183、r prep. 1. shows purpose （说明目的或用途）为 2. instead of 代替；帮助 3. in favor, support 赞成；支持 4. towards （表示方向）往；向 for a while 暂时；一刻 for free 免费 for one thing 首先 forbid v. to command not to do something 禁止；不许 syn: prohibit ant: permit force v. to use bodily force or strong influence on 强迫；迫使 syn: compel foreig

184、n adj. of a country or nation that is not ones own 外国的 syn: domestic forest n. (a large area of land thickly covered with) trees and bushes 森林；丛林 forever adv. = for ever for all future time 永远；永久 syn: always; ever forget v. to fail to remember 忘记；忘掉 ant: remember forgive v. to say or feel that one i

185、s no longer angry about and/or wishing to give punishment to (sb.) for (sth.) 原谅；宽恕 syn: pardon fork n. an instrument for holding food or carrying it to the mouth, having a handle at one end with two or more points at the other叉；餐叉；（路，词等）岔口 form n. shape; appearance 形状；形式；种类 syn: shape v. 1. to take

186、 or make into a shape 形成 2. organize 组织 syn: organize; shape fortnight n. two weeks 十四的；两个星期 fortunate adj. having or bring good fortune; lucky 幸运的；侥幸的 fortunately adv. by good chance; luckily 幸运地 syn: luckily fortune n. luck 运气；好运 wealth 财产 syn: luck; wealth forty num. (the number)40 四十 forward adj

187、. towards the front, the end, or the future 向前；前进；将来；今后 syn: advancing ant: backward found v. to start building (something large); establish 成立；建立 syn: establish ant: destroy fountain n. a stream of water that shoots straight up into the air 喷泉 four num. (the number)4 四 fourth num. 4th 第四 fox n. a s

188、mall doglike European wild animal with reddish fur, which is hunted in Britain and is often said to have a clever and deceiving nature 狐狸 France n. a republic in W. Europe 法兰西；法国 free adj. 1. Able to act as one wants 自由的 2. without payment of any kind 免费的 3. not busy. 空闲的 syn: independent; released

189、ant: bond set free free 释放；使自由 freedom n. the state of being free 自由 syn: independence ant: bondage freeze v. (froze, frozen)to harden into or become covered with ice 结冰 French n. the language of France 法语 adj. belonged to France, its people 法国的；法国人的 Frenchman (pl. Frenchmen) n. man of French birth

190、or nationality 法国人 frequent adj. common; found or happening; often 经常的；频繁的 syn: common; usual ant: infrequent frequently adv. often 经常地；频繁地 syn: often ant: rarely; seldom fresh adj. not long gathered, caught, produced, etc, and therefore in good condition 新鲜的；无经验的；不熟练的 syn: new ant: stale Friday n.

191、the 6th day of the week 星期五 Fridge (refrigerator) n. ice box 冰箱 friend n. a person whom one knows well and likes, but who is not related 朋友 syn: confidant ant: enemy make friends to form a friendship or friendships 交朋友 friendly adj. acting or ready to act as a friend 友好的 syn: kind; amiable ant: unfr

192、iendly friendship n. the condition of sharing a friendly relationship; feeling and behaviour that exists between friends 友谊；友好 syn: friendliness ant: animosity frighten v. to fill with fear 使惊恐；吓唬 syn: terrify from prep. 1. starting at 从起 2. using; out of 由 3. shows separation, difference or taking

193、away 表距离，差异 from now on in future 从此以后；今后 from then on 从那时开始；从那时起 fromto 从到 front n. the most forward position, part, or surface, furthest form or opposite to the back 前部；前面 in front of towards or outside the front of 在前面 fruit n. the part of tree or bush that contains seeds, esp. considered as food

194、 水果；果实 fry v. to be cooked in hot fat or oil 油煎；油炒；油炸 fuel n .material that is used for producing heat or power by burning燃料 full adj. 1. filled completely; holding as much or as many as possible 满的；充满的 2. complete完全的 syn: complete ant: empty be full of be filled with 充满的 fun n. amusement; enjoyment

195、; pleasure 有趣的事；玩笑；娱乐 syn: amusement; enjoyment; pleasure make fun of poke fun of; laugh rather unkindly at取笑（某人）；开的玩笑 funny adj. amusing; causing laughter 滑稽可笑的；古怪的 syn: amusing fur n. a hair-covered skin of certain animals, used for clothing皮；毛皮；皮子 furniture n. all large or quite large movable art

196、icles, such as beds, chairs, tables, etc, that are placed in a house, room, or other area（总称）家具 further adj. & adv. (comparative of fur) 更远的（地）；较远的（地）； 更进一步的（地） syn: farther future n. time yet to come 将来；未来 in (the) future = from now on 以后；将来gaingein v. to obtain or achieve something important or va

197、luable 赢得，挣得 n. C,U an increase in the amount or level of something 收益，获利 syn. get ant. lose gamegeim n. 1. activity or sport 运动 2. part of a match 比赛 3. childrens game 游戏 syn. sports adj.: willing to try something dangerous, new or difficult 雄纠纠的，兴致勃勃的，关于野味的 syn. play, match, amusement garageg ra:d

198、 n. 1. a building for keeping a car in, usually next to a house 汽车库（间） 2. a place where motor vehicles are repaired or maintained 汽车修理厂 garden ga:dn n. especially BrE a piece of land around or next to ones house where there is usually lawn and area where flowers, plants, or vegetables are grown 花（果、

199、菜）园 gardening 园艺学 syn. yard gate geit n. 1. a frame that one can open and close to get through a fence, wall, a building etc at the entrance to a place 大门 2. the place where one leaves an airport building to get onto a plane. 登机口 gate keeper 看门人 gate-leg-table 折叠式桌子 gate way 门口、入口、方法、手段 syn.door (su

200、ch a structure for a room) gatherg v. 1. to come together and form a group 聚集 2. to know something or think something is true, because of something that you have heard or seen 得出（印象、想法等）；推测 3. to search for things of the same type in several different places and collect them together 搜集，采集 syn. coll

201、ect, come together, know/think ant. scatter gay gei adj. 1. bright or attractive 鲜明的，鲜艳的 2. cheerful and excited 快乐的，愉快的 n. gaynessU 快乐，愉快 generald en r l adj. describing only the main features of something, not the details. 一般的普通的 n. C an officer of very high rank in the army or air force 将军 as a g

202、eneral rule 一般说来； general information 一般知识 general idea 大意 in general 总得来说 generallyd en r li adv. 1. in a general way, considering without details or specific cases 一般地 2. by or to most people 广泛地、普遍地 3. usually or most of the time 通常 generally speaking 一般说来 syn. usually widely generation,d en rei

203、n n.C (pl. generations) 1. all people of about the same age 一代 2. all the members of a family of about the same age generation gap 代沟 future generations 后代 gentle adj. 1. kind and careful in your character or behavior and not at all violent or unpleasant 温柔的，高雅的，好心的 2. not strong, loud, forceful or

204、extreme 不猛烈的 3. a gentle wind or rain is soft and light 柔和的 4. a gentle hill or slope is not steep or sharp 不陡的 syn. mild / soft ant. rough, intemperate, hard gentleman n. a man who always behaves towards other people in a polite and honourable way and who can be trusted to keep his promises, 绅士，先生

205、(pl. gentlemen) sym. gentry geography n. U the study of the countries, seas, rivers, towns etc. of the world 地理，地理学 German n. 1. C someone who comes from Germany 德国人(pl. Germans) 2. U the language of Germany, Austria, and parts of Switzerland 德语 adj. 德国人的，德语的 Germany n. 德国，德意志 get v. past tense: got

206、g t past participle: got,gotten 1. receive/obtain 得到，获得 2. move/go/travel 移动,到达 3. have/own 有，具有 4. become/make sth. become 变得（作连系动词，可跟adj.、过去分词、现在分词、名词或动词等） 5.understand 懂得，明白 ant. Give, leave, lose get along(with) (prep.)（与人）和睦相处；（事情）进展 get away (adv.) 逃走，离开 get back (adv.) 取回，返回 get down (adv.) 降

207、下，下车 get in (prep.) 乘车（出租车、小汽车，而乘火车、bus、船等用get on） get off (adv./prep.) 从.下来，下车 get on (adv./prep.) 上车 AMT get off get on well with sb. (prep.) 与.相处融洽 syn. get along well with get through (prep.) 打通（电话），通过 get together 相聚，聚会，联欢 get up (adv.) 起床 gift n. (c.) (pl. gifts) 1. object: something that you

208、give someone on a special occasions or to thank them 礼物 2. a natural ability 天资 sym. present, talent girl n. C (pl. girls) a female child 女孩 give v. (gave, given) 1.provide/supply 提供，给 2.tell sb. sth./provide information 告诉某人某事提供信息 3.do sth. 举行，举办 give back (adv.) 归还，送回 give out (adv.) 用完，耗尽，筋疲力尽 gi

209、ve up (adv.) 放弃（可接动名词） glad adj. (gladder, gladdest) pleased and happy about something高兴的，乐意的 syn. happy ant. sad glance gla:ns v. (always +adv./prep.) to quickly look at someone or something once 匆匆一看，一弊 n. a quick look 一瞥 syn. glimpse glass gla:s n. 1. C (pl. glasses) a container used for drinking

210、, made of glass; or the drink in it 玻璃杯 2. U a transparent solid substance, for example used for making windows and bottles 玻璃 3. pl. a set of two pieces of specially cut glass in a frame, which one wears in order to see more clearly. 眼镜 syn. spectacles globe n. 1. C a round object with a map of the

211、 earth drawn on it 地球仪 2. the world 地球 glove n. Chand wear, especially one which has separate parts for each finger 手套 syn. mitten go vi (wentwent, goneg n 1.to move away from the speaker 去，走，前往 2.to be in or pass into a particular state 变成，成为 3.reach 到达 syn. leave, depart ant. come go away (adv.) 离

212、开 go back (adv.) 回去 go by (adv.) (时间)过去，经过(地点) go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming 去钓鱼/买东西/滑冰/游泳 go for a walk 出去散步 go on (adv.) 继续，发生 go on doing sth. 继续做某事（前后是同一件事） go on with ones work 继续做某事 go out (adv.) (灯、火）熄灭 go over (adv.) 复习、检查 goal n. 1. Csomething that one hopes to achieve in the future

213、目标 2. the action of making the ball go into the scoring 球门 syn. aim goat n. C an animal a little like a sheep that can climb steep hills and rocks 山羊 god n. 1. C a male Being who is believed to control the world or part of it, or represents a particular quality 神 2.someone or something to which one

214、gives too much importance or respect. 上帝 gold n. 1. C a valuable soft yellow metal that is an element (=simple substance) and is used for making coins, jewelry etc. 黄金 2. C, U the colour of the metal 金黄色 3. adj. 金色的 golden g uld n adj. 1. having a bright, rich, yellow colour, like gold 金黄色的 2. made

215、of gold 金子的，具有金子特点的 syn. gold good adj. (better bet , bestbest 1. of a high standard 好的 2. of the right kind 高尚品质的 3. healthy 健康的 n. gain or adv. advantage 利益，好处 syn. well, fine ant. bad, ill, sick be good at 善于., 在.方面（学得，做得）好 goodbye interjection n. (c.) used when one is leaving or being left by so

216、meone 再见 syn. farewell, bye-bye goods n.(pl.) things that are produced in order to be sold 货物（只有复数形式,不能用数词及many修饰,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式） goose n.1. C (pl. geesegi:s) a bird that is similar to a duck but larger ad makes a hissing or honking 鹅 2. (u.) meat of this bird as food 鹅肉 government n. C (pl. governme

217、nts) the group of people who govern a country or state 政府 grade v. to separate things, or arrange them in order according to their quality or rank. 划分等级 n. standard 1. C, U a particular, standard or level of quality that a product, material etc has 等级 2. school year: (c.) a particular year of a scho

218、ol course in the American school system 学年 gradually adv. in a way that happens or develops slowly over a long period of time 逐渐地 graduate gr djueit n. someone who has completed a university degree course, especially for a first degree 大学毕业生 v. 1. to obtain a degree, especially a first degree, from

219、a college or university 得学位 2. to complete ones education at high school 毕业 graduation ,gr djuei n 1. C the time when one completes a university degree course or ones education at an American high school 毕业 2. U a ceremony at which university degree or diploma is given to students who have completed

220、 their courses or school education in American high school or university 毕业典礼，授学位典礼 grain grein n. 1. C the seeds of crops such as corn, wheat, or rice that are 谷物，谷类 2. C a single seed of corn, wheat etc 谷粒 syn. corn C tiny, hard bit e.g. a grain of sand 一粒沙子 grammar n. 1. C the rules by which word

221、s change their forms and are combined into sentences, or the study or use of these rules 语法(学)，文法(学)；语法规则 2. C a particular description of grammar or a book that describes grammar rules 语法书 grand adj. 1. a grand building, occasion etc is very impressive 雄伟的，宏大的 2. a grand plan or idea aims to achiev

222、e something very impressive 重要的，极好的，美妙的 3. people who are grand are rich and important but often too proud 自负的，傲慢的 syn. magnificent, splendid ant. petty, modest, mean grand daughter n. C the daughter of ones son or daughter (外)孙女 grandfather n. the father of ones father or mother (外)祖父 grandmother n

223、. the mother of ones mother or father (外)祖母 grandson n. C the son of ones son or daughter (外)孙 grass n. 1.U a very common plant with thin green leaves that grows in fields and is eaten by animals such as the sheep, the cow and the horse (青)草，草地，牧场2. (c.) a particular kind of grass 一种草 syn. weed grea

224、t adj. 1. very good 美妙的 2. a lot/very much(数量)极大的，(时间)久的 3. large 伟大的，大的 4. important 重大的 syn. big ant. little greatly adv. (formal, usually before verb or participle) extremely or very much 大大地, 非常 Greek n. 1. U the language of modern or ancient Greece 希腊语 2. C native of Greece 希腊人 adj. from or con

225、nected with Greece 希腊的，希腊人的，希腊语的 green adj. 1. having the colour of grass or leaves 绿色的 2. very young or not ready to be eaten未熟的，生的 n. C, U the colour of grass and leaves 绿色 greet v. 1. to say hello to someone or welcome them 致敬，欢迎 2. always + adv./prep. to react to something in a particular way: b

226、e greeted with 后面常接副词或介词 syn. salute greeting 1. C words one uses or something one does when one meets someone 问候，欢迎辞 2. (usually plural) a message saying that one hopes someone will be happy, healthy etc.（常用复数）祝贺语 gray/grey adj. having the colour of black mixed with white, like the colour of ash 灰色

227、的，灰暗色的，灰白色的 n. Am.E n. C,U the colour of smoke and rain clouds 灰色 ground n. 1. earth surface, open space for games 地面 2. subject 研究的科目，话题 3. area 地区、区域 syn. earth, soil groundfloor C especially Br.E the floor of a building that is at ground level (英国楼房的)底层 group n.C 1. several people or things that

228、are all together in the same place 群、批、簇 2. several people or things that are connected with each other in some way (小)组，团体 syn. crowd, gang grow gr u (grewgru:, growngr un v. 1. person/animal: to become bigger and develop over a period of time 成长，发育，发展 2. plants/crops: to exist and develop somewher

229、e in a natural way 生长 3. to make plants or crops grow by taking care of them 种植，栽 4. link v. to become old etc over a period of time 变得 syn. become grow up: develop from being a child to being an adult 成熟，成年 guard ga:d n. 1. someone whose job is to guard a place, or object in order to protect them f

230、rom attack or from thieves 哨兵，警卫员 2. someone whose job is to guard prisoners and prevent them from escaping 看守，警戒 3. someone whose job is to be responsible for guarding a place or person for a specific period of time 守卫 bodyguard 贴身警卫保镖 v. to protect a person, place or valuable object by staying nea

231、r them and watching them 保护，守卫 guess v. 1.to try to answer a question or make a judgement about something without having all the necessary facts or careful thoughts 猜 2. guess correctly: to guess something correctly 猜中，猜对 syn. suppose guest gest n.C1. someone who is staying in someone elses home bec

232、ause they have been invited 客人，宾客 2. someone who is paying to stay in a hotel guest house 招待所 syn. visitor guide n. C 1. someone who shows visitors the way to a place, especially someone whose job is to show a place to tourists 领路人，导游，向导 2. something that provides information on which judgement can

233、be made指南，指导 3. a book that provides information on a particular subject or explains how to do sth. 入门书，手册，（旅行游览）指南 syn. conduct, direct, lead, show ant. follow gung n n. C 1. a weapon from which bullets or shells are fired 枪，炮 2. a tool used to send out a liquid such as paint, grease, or glue, by p

234、ressure 喷枪habit n. something you do regularly 习惯SYM: custom practicebe in the habit of 有.的习惯fall/get into the habit of 养成.的习惯hair n. u 1. the mass of things like fine threads that grows on your head. 头发2. c one of the long fine things like thread that grows on peoples head and on other parts of thei

235、r bodies, or similar things that grow on animals. 毛，茸毛keep ones hair on 保持冷静get in (out of) sbs hair 惹恼（停止惹恼）某人haircut 理发half 1. n. pron. plural halvesha:vs h vz) c 50% either of the two equal parts into which something is divided or can be divided. 半，一半2. predeterminer, adj only before noun being h

236、alf of an amount, time, distance, number etc. 一半的half an hour 半小时half-hearted 半心半意的，不认真的half-pay 半薪hall n. c 1. the area just inside the door of a house or other building that leads to other rooms. 门厅SYM: hallway2. a passage in a building or house that leads to manyof the rooms. 走廊SYM: corridor3. a

237、building or large room for public events such as meetings or dances. 会堂，礼堂，大厅ham n. 1. c,u the upper part of a pigs leg that has been preserved with salt or smoke, or the meat from this. 火腿2. informal an actor who performs with too much false emotion 拙劣的表演者3. c someone who receives and sends radio m

238、essages for fun rather than as their job. 无线电收发报业余爱好者ham-handed 笨手笨脚的hammer n. c 1. a tool with a heavy metal part on a long handle, used for hitting nails into wood. 铁锤2. a tool like this with a wooden head used to make something flat, make a noise etc. 木槌v. to hit something with a hammer. 锤打hammer

239、-headed 有锤状头的，愚笨的hammer-head 愚笨，锤头hand n. 1. part of the body 手2. help/work 帮助3. skillful 手艺，才能4. a long thin piece of metal that points at the numberson a clock(钟表) 指针v. to pass something to some one else 传递by hand 用手，手工hand in 交进（上）来，交纳hand out 分发on the one hand.on the other hand 一方面.另一方面hand down

240、 把.传下去hand in hand 并进，联合hand bag 手提包handkerchief n. c a piece of cloth or thin soft paperfor drying your nose or eyes. 手帕，手绢handsome adj. 1. a man who is handsome is attractive(指男子),漂亮的，清秀的SYM: good-looking2. a woman who is handsome is attractive in astrong healthy way. 端庄的，温雅的SYM: beautiful3. an ob

241、ject, building etc that is handsome isattractive in an impressive way. 物体建筑，堂皇的，美观的AMT: uglyhang vi, vt 1. (hung; hung)a. to fix or put something in a position so thatthe bottom part is free to move and does nottouch the ground. 悬挂b. to fix a picture, photograph etc to a wall, orto be fixed this way

242、. 挂2. kill/be killed past tense and past participle:(hanged) to kill someone by dropping them with a ropearound their neck or to die in this way, especiallyas a punishment for a serious crime. 吊死，绞死hangman 刽子手 hang over 遗留物happen vi. 1. if an event or situation happens, it exists andcontinues for a

243、period of time, especiallywithout being planned first. (偶然)发生2. to be caused as the result of an event or action发生3. to do or have something by chance 碰巧happen to do something 碰巧做某事It happens that . : By chance, it is true thatsb/sth. happens to be 某人某物碰巧.SYM: occur. take placehappyh pi adj. 1. havi

244、ng feelings of pleasure for example becausesomething good has happened to you.幸福的，幸运的2. a happy time, place, occasion etc is one thatmakes you feel happy. 愉快的，快乐的3. satisfied or not worried: +about: （感到）愉快的，乐意的happy-go-lucky 逍遥自在的，无忧无虚的SYM: glad, cheerful joyful, merry pleasantAMT: unhappy, cheer le

245、ss, sad, unpleasant, sorrowfuln. happiness 幸福，幸运adv. happily 幸福地，幸运地，愉快地，恰当地hardha:d adj. 1. firm to touch 硬 AMT: soft2. difficult to do and understand. 困难的AMT: easyadv. 1. using energy/effort 努力地2. with force 猛烈地hardlyha:dli adv. 1. almost not 几乎不，简直不2. used to say that something had only justhappe

246、ned or someone had only just done sth.刚刚，才hardly.when.刚.就.harvestha:vist n. 1. c,u the time when crops are gathered fromthe fields, or the act of gathering them.收获，收割2. c the size or quality of the crops that havebeen gathered. 收成，产量SYM: cropv. to gather crops from the fields 收割，收获hath t n. c a piec

247、e of clothing that you wear on your head. 帽子SYM: capmy hat (表惊讶)啊！keep sth. under ones hat 保秘take off ones hat to 向.(脱帽)致敬hateheit T not in progressive 1. to dislike someone very much andfeel angry towards them. 憎恨某人2. to dislike sth. very much 讨厌某事n. uan angry unpleasant feelingthat someone has whe

248、n they hatesomeone and want to harm them.怨恨，憎恶SYM: disgust, dislike, detestAMT: love likehateless 不憎恨的hater n. 怀恨者haveh vh v auxiliary verb past tense hadh d,h d, third personsingular present tense hash z, h z, negative shortforms haventh v nt, hadnth dnthasnth z nt1. used with the past participle o

249、f another verb to make theperfect tense of that verb. 助动词构成完成时态have been to 去过have gone to 已经去了had better (+do, not do sth.) 最好做（不做）某事2. v t not usually in passiveinclude/contain/own 有a word meaning to do something used in certain phrases.have a look/walk. 进行.eat/drink/smoke 吃，喝to suffer from a dise

250、ase, injury or pain 遭受have/got to do sth. 不得不做某事 SYM: musthave sb. do sth. 让某人做某事have sth. done 使某物，遭受，让，招致have sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事，使某物.have sth. on 穿着，戴着have.on 有事，有约会have to do with 与.有关have a gift for 对.有天赋SYM: own posseshehi:pronused as subject of a verb 主格1. used to talk about a male person

251、 or animal that hasalready been mentioned or is already known about. 他2. used to talk about anyone, everyone, or an unknownperson who may be either male or female 某人，任何人headhed n.1. top of body 头2. mind 头脑，才智3. top person 首脑，首长v. 1. be in charge also head up. T to be in change of agovernment, organi

252、zation, or group of people. 率领2. I,T to go or make something go in a particulardirection. (朝某个方向)前进use ones head 动脑筋headache 头痛have a headache(患)头痛headline(报刊的)大字标题head master 校长keep ones head 保持镇静head teacher 中小学班主任 (Pl. head teachers)SYM: chiefhealthhel n. 1. your physical condition and how health

253、y you are健康状况2. the state of being healthy 兴旺，健康in good(poor) health 身体好（不好）drink(to) sbs health 举杯祝某人健康healthy adj. 健康的SYM: sound, wellAMT: unhealthy, ill, sickhearhi v. past tense and past participle:heardh :dI, T in progressive to know that a sound is being made,using your ears 听hear of 听说（人）hear

254、 about 听说（物）hear from 收到.来信hearing 听力 hearing aid 助听器hearer 听的人，旁听者SYM: listenheartha:t n. 1. c body organ: the organ in your chest which pumpsblood through your body 心脏2. c emotions /love 感情，爱情3. from the heart 心肠，内心4. the middle part of an area 中心SYM: center, middleheartily adv. 衷心地，亲切地heartless a

255、dj. 无情的，残忍的hearty adj. 衷心的，亲切的learn/know sth.by heart 记住某事heart and soul 全心全意地heathi:t n. u warmth or hotness 热度，热v. to make something become warm or hot 把.加热heat-rash 痱子heat-spot 雀斑heat-stroke 中暑heat wave 热浪heating a. 加热的，供暖的heavenhev n n. 1. also Heavensingular the place where God isbelieved to li

256、ve and where good people arebelieved to go when they die. 天国AMT: hell2. u informal, a very good situation or place极乐之地3. the heavens literary the sky 天空SYM: sky AMT: earthin Heaven 在天国in heaven 高兴之极in the heavens 在天上By Heaven 老天在上（赌咒时用语）heavenly adj. 天的，天空的adv. 极，无比地heavyhevi adj. heavier, heaviest1

257、. weighing a lot 重的，重型的2. a lot 大量的，多的3. serious or severe 严重的，严肃的heavy-handed 笨手笨脚的heavy-hearted 心情沉重的adv. 沉重地，笨重地AMT: lightheighthait n. 1. u tall 高，高度2. c distance above the ground 距地面的距离3. high place (plural heights 高处，高地heighten Vt. 加高，提高，增加，增大Vi. 变大，（颜色）变深helloh l u, hel u also hallo, hullo, i

258、nterjection1. used as a usual greeting (用于打招呼)喂2. used when answering the telephone orstarting a telephone conversation.(打电话或开始打电话用语)喂3. used when calling to get someones attention(唤起某人注意的)叫声say hello to 向.问好helphelp v. I,T to make it possible or easier for someone to dosomething by doing part of th

259、eir work or bygiving them something they need. 帮助n. u the action of helping someone by doing part oftheir work or by showing them how to do it. 帮助help oneself to 自取，随便吃help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事help.out 帮助某人解决困难cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事helpful adj. 有用的，有帮助的helpless adj. 无助的，无用的，未收到帮助的helper 帮手，助手S

260、YM: assist, give/lend a hand, help out, come tosomebodys aid, assistance, aid, give/ sendaidherh :,h 1. determinerpossessive form of she, she 的物主代词a. belonging to or connected with a woman, girl orfemale animal that has been mentioned or is knownabout. （指女性，雌性）她的b. connected with a country, ship, ca

261、r，etc that hasbeen mentioned. （指国家、船只、车等）她的2. pron object form of she she 的宾格a. a woman, girl, or female animal that has beenmentioned or is known about. (女性，雌性)她b. a country, ship, car etc that has been mentioned(指国家、船只、车辆等)她herself 她自己hers （名词性物主代词）她的hihai interjection informal hello 嗨（表示问候或用以唤起注意

262、）SYM: hellohidehaid v. past tense hid past participle: hiddenhidn1. Vt to deliberately put or keep something/sb.in a place where it/he cannot easily be seen or found.把.藏起来，隐藏2. Vi to go or stay in a place where you hope no one willfind you. 躲藏，隐藏n. 1. BrE a place from which you can watch animals or

263、birdswithout being seen by them 躲藏处2. an animals skin, especially when it has been removedto be used for leather. 兽皮，皮革hide and seek 捉迷藏SYM: conceal AMT: reveal, disclosehighhai adj. 1. measurement/distance 高的2. large amount/number (程度，数量，大小等）高度的，强烈的，很大的，非常的3. important（指等级、质量）高级的、高等的adv. 高，高价地，高额地h

264、igh-rise adj. 多层的，高层的high-rise block 高楼、大厦SYM: tall AMT: lowhillhil n. c 1. an area of land that is higher than the landaround it, like a mountain but smaller. 小山2. a slope on a road 丘陵，斜坡SYM: mount, mountainhimhim pron object form of he. he的宾格himself 他自己hirehai v. T 1. BrE to pay money to borrow so

265、mething for a periodof hours or days. 租2. to employ someone for a short time to do a job foryou 雇n. u 1. BrE an arrangement by which you borrow somethingfor a short time in exchange for money. 租用，雇用2. old use wages 租金，工钱hirer 雇主，租借者SYM: employhishiz 1. determinerpossessive form of he 他的（他的物主代词）2. pr

266、on possessive form of he 他的（他的名词性物主代词）historyhist ri n. 1. u all the things that happened in political,social, or economic development of a nation 历史2. u the study of history, especially as asubject in school or university 历史，历史学3. if someone has a history of illness, problems,or criminal activity,

267、these things have happenedto them or been done by them in the past.过去事物的记载，来历make history 做出永垂史册的事情hithit v. past tense and past participle: hit present participle:hitting1. touch sb./sth. hard 打，击中2. hit/crash into sth. 撞n. c usually singular 1. a quick, hard touch with yourhand or something you ar

268、e holding. 一击，击中3. something such as a piece of music, a film, or a playthat is extremely popular. 风行一时的作品（或电影、歌曲、 演出等）hit and miss 碰巧的，有时打中，有时打不中hit and run （汽车驾驶员）闯祸挑走的SYM: beat AMT: miss（没中）holdh uld v. past and past participle: heldheld1. Vt to have something firmly in your hand or arms.拿着，握住，夹住

269、2. Vt to have a particular job or position, especially animportant or powerful one. 担任要职3. keep/control 抑制，约束n. c,u action of holding something 抓住，握住hold ones breath 屏住气catch hold of 握，抓住SYM: take hold ofhold back (adv.) 阻止hold ones head high 昂首，趾高气扬hold out 伸出hold out ones hand/hold up (adv) 举起hold

270、 up 阻挡，使停顿hold on 等一等（别挂电话）holehoul n. c 1. space in something solid 坑2. space something can go through 洞3. animals home 洞穴SYM: cave denholidayh lidih l di n. 1. BrE also holidays. a time of rest fromwork, school etc. 休假日2. a period of time when you travel toanother place for pleasure. 假期3. a day fi

271、xed by law on which people donot have to go to work or school. 节日on holiday 休假SYM: vocation, festivalhomeh um n. c,u 1. place where you live 家，住宅2. family 家庭adj. only before noun 1. connected with or belonging to yourhome or family 家庭的2. connected with a particular country,as opposed to foreign coun

272、tries本国的adv. to or at the place where you live 在家，到家at home 在家（里）go home 回家homeland 祖国homework 家庭作业do ones homework 做家庭作业SYM: familyhonest nist adj. 1. someone who is honest does not lie or steal, etc诚实的2. not hiding the truth or the facts aboutsomething 真正的，纯正的adv. honestly 诚实地n. honesty 诚实to be ho

273、nest 老实说honour n n. honor AmE n u the respect that you, your family, yourcountry etc receive from other people, which makes youfeel proud 荣誉，光荣v. 1. be/feel honoured to feel very proud/pleased使增光，给.以荣誉2. to treat someone with special respect 尊敬adj. honourable 荣誉的，光荣的in honour of 为.表示敬意，为了纪念.SYM: fam

274、e, reputationhopehoup v. I,T to want something to happen or be true, and tobelieve it is possible 希望n. u a feeling of wanting something to happen, and abelief that it is likely to happen. 希望，期望in the hope of 怀着.的期望adv. hopefully 有希望地adj. hopeless 绝望的，无望的adj. hopeful 有希望的SYM: wish, expecthorseh :s a

275、large strong animal that people ride on and use forpulling heavy things. 马horse-race 赛马horse-drawn 用马拉的horse back 马背hospitalh spitl n. c,u a large building where sick or injuredpeople are looked after and receive medicaltreatment. 医院be in hospital 住院hoth t adj. hotter hottesthigh temperature 热的hot d

276、og n. 热狗（红肠面包）hot spring 温泉hotelhoutel n. c a building where people pay to stay and eatmeals 旅馆stay at hotel 呆在旅馆hour au n. c 60minutes 小时househaus plural houses hauziza building that you live in, especially one that has morethan one level and is intended to be used by one family.房子housewife hauswai

277、f c 家庭主妇houseworkhausw k u 家务活SYM: familyhowhau adv. 1. questions: used to ask about (what way or what method;the amount, size, degree etc of something; someoneshealth or about the feeling; someones opinion ortheir experience of something; the way somethinglooks. behaves or is expressed).（表示方法、手段、程度

278、、数量、状态、观点、经验、印象） 怎样如何2. emphasize: used before adjective or adverb toemphasize the quality you are mentioning.(表示感叹)多么how much 多少（修饰不可数n.）how many 多少（修饰可数n.）how old 几岁how about.怎么样（后接n,动名词）how far 多远how long 多久howeverhauev adv. 1. used when you are adding a fact or piece ofinformation that seems sur

279、prising, or seemsto disagree with what you have just said.可是，仍然SYM: but2. however hard/serious/long/carefully etc itmakes no difference how hard, serious, long,carefully 无论如何conj. in whatever way 不管用什么方法hugehju:d adj. extremely large 巨大的，庞大的SYM: big AMT: tinyhundredh ndr d number 100: 百 a hundred ye

280、ars 一百年hundreds of 数以百计的hungerh g n. u lack of food, especially for a long period oftime, that can cause illness or death. 饥饿SYM: starvationhungryh ri adj. wanting to eat something 饥饿的hungrily adv. 饥饿地AMT: fullhurryh ri v I,T to do something or go somewhere more quickly thanusual, especially because

281、 there is not much time.赶紧，匆忙hurry up 赶紧，快点n. to do sth, go somewhere, need something etc morequickly than usual, often too quickly. 仓促，慌忙in a hurry 仓忙地SYM: hastehurth :t v. (hurt, hurt)1. I,T if a part of your body hurts, you feel pain in it.疼痛，伤害2. I,T to make someone feel very upset, unhappy, sad

282、 etc.使沮丧SYM: injure, woundhusbandh z b nd n. c the man that a woman is married to 丈夫take a husband 嫁人I pron. the person who is speaking 我 （用做句子的主语）ice n. solid frozen water 冰，冰块 (不可数名词，表示“若干冰块”可用单位量词，如：three blocks of ice；与数词连用表示“若干份”冰淇淋)Three ices，please！即：Three ice-creams，please！break the ice，打破沉默

283、idea n. a picture in the mind 主意，构想 ( idea 之后可接 of, about或for + doing sth.)have no idea = not understand，后接of .that 分句或wh- 分句idiom n. a phrase which means something different from the meanings ofthe separate words 习语, 成语, 惯用语idiomatic，adj.idiomatically adv.if conj. 1.如果，倘若，假如，是否2.（用于虚拟语气结构）引导与现在事实相反

284、的条件句时，从句谓语动词用 were 或其他动词的过去式，主句谓语动词用 would/could/might +V.;引导与过去事实相反的条件句时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句用would/should/might + V 现在完成时；引导与未来事实可能相反的条件句时，从句谓语动词用should或were to + V.，主句用should/would/could + V.ill adj. 1.not well in health 有病的，不健康的2.bad, harmful 不好的，有害的；syn. sick; illworseworst , illformed, illtreated.a

285、nt. healthyillness n. disease 病.疾病 sickness, disease ill,illnesses, an illness.illness 泛指一切疾病，侧重于强调病情和病程;Cf: disease 为医学术语，病情及痛苦程度严重于illness。sickness 更加口语化，多用于美国英语中。imagine v. (不能用于进行时态) to form (a picture or idea) in the mind; to have an idea about 想象，设想，以为 (不可以用动词不定式充当宾语)imagination n. C, U the ac

286、t of imagining or the ability to imagine想象，想象力immediate adj. (无比较级) done or needed at once; nearest立即的，最接近的immediately adv. at once 立即，马上at once; right away; in no time; suddenlyimportant adj. having great effect, value, etc. 重大的，重要的unimportant adj.importantly adv.Cf: considerable, remarkable, notab

287、leImportance n. the quality, state or reason of being important重要，重大Cf: unimportance, usefulness, greatnessImpossible adj. not possible 不可能的Impossibility n.possible adj.syn. (unable主语为“人”，impossible的主语为“物”improve v. to become better 改进, 改善，更新improves; improved; improving; improvement n 改良，进步improve

288、in 在某方面有所改进improve on/upon 对.作出改进syn. mend, repair, correctin prep & adv. 1.在.里面2.（时间.地点）在3.在某时期内4. 用.（语言）；以.方式5.穿，戴6.在（情况）中7.在内，在家8.(时间)在之后9.表示几分之几inch n. a measure of length 英寸Der. inch, inch v. 使缓慢移动every inch 彻底的；inch by inch 逐渐地;within an inch of 几乎，差一点include v. (+ v-ing ) to have as a part; c

289、ontain包括，包含（侧重整体包容）includes, included, including, inclusionexclude 排除Cf: contain 侧重表示数量，组成成分involve 强调包含的必然性cover 侧重表示面积或范围count in 侧重通过计算而包括income n. payment, interest 收入，收益，进款（常指由产业.商业.劳动等所得的报酬）Cf: earnings 一般的工资.薪水salary 固定月（周.三月.年）工资 （通常指脑力劳动所得）wages 以小时, 周或工作量记的合同工资 （通常指体力劳动所得）increase v. to ma

290、ke or become larger in amount or number增加，增长，增大;n. a rise in amount or numbers, etc.on the increase 逐渐增加 ant. decreaseincreases, increased, increasing, increasinglyCf: add 增补，加上，附加raise 指强度，力度，价值（格）等提高（人为）rise 自然增加put on 体重.数量增加indeed adv. 1.(答语) yes, certainly 确实，的确，实在2.确实，的确.真的 （用在very之后，加强语气）3.固然

291、，虽然independent adj. not needing other things or people; not governed byanother country 独立的，有主见的；有主权的independently, adv; independence, n.dependent adj. 依赖的，依靠的independence n. U the quality or state of being independent, freedom独立，自主，自立India n 印度Indian adj 印度的，印度人的，印第安人的n. 印度人；印第安人indirect adj not str

292、aight 间接的，迂回的，曲折的indirectly adv. indirectness n. udirectindustry n. 工业；产业industries;industrial adj.Industrialize vt. 工业化；Industrialization n. 工业化light and heavy industries 轻工业和重工业industrial adj. 1.of industry and the people who work in it工业（界）的；2.having highly developed industries 工业高度发达的inform v. t

293、o tell, to give information to; 告知，通知，报告informing, information tell, reportinform that/of;inform sb. (about) sth.information n. (something that gives) knowledge in the form of facts.信息、消息、情报、通知、报道Cf: knowledge, message, report, announcement.injure v. to hurt 伤害，损害（泛指大、小创伤）injured adj. having been hu

294、rt 受伤的injury n. (injuries)(an example of) harm 受伤处，伤害add insult to injury 倍加侮辱，雪上加霜Cf: wound （专指刀、枪伤）ink n. colored liquid used esp. for writing 墨水insect n. a small creature with no bones and a hard outer covering, sixlegs, and a body divided into three parts, such as ant and fly昆虫insert v. to put s

295、omething inside 插入syn. enter, put in (into)inside n. the area within 里面，内部；prep. adv. adj. within or into sth. 里面的，向内inside out 把里面朝外ant. outsideant. withininsist v. I+(t hat)/on/upon; to declare firmly (when opposed )坚决主张，坚决认为insist +on (doing sth.) 坚持，坚持认为，坚决要求inspire v. to encourage in (someone)

296、the ability to act鼓舞，激励，促使（后可接 to 或动词不应式）syn. encourage, cheerinstead adv. in place of that 代替，顶替，更换instead of : in place of 代替institute n. a society formed for a special purpose学会、学院、研究所syn. society, association, institutioninstitution n. an organization which provides people with help, work,medica

297、l treatment or protection such as a school orhospitalinstruct v. to give knowledge or information to or to give orders to 通知、指示n. instructorCf: inform, teach, educateinstruction n. teaching, order or adviceCf: direction, guidance, teachinginstrument n. an object used to help in work 工具、仪器、乐器Cf: tool

298、; meansintend v. to plan, to mean (可接动词不定式或 that 从句)想要、打算、计划n. intentionCf: v. plan, meaninterest n. a readiness to give attention 兴趣、爱好v. to make (someone) feel interested 使感兴趣a place of interest 名胜take (great) interest inCf: pleasure, amusementinteresting adj. Keeping ones interest 有趣的，有意思的interes

299、tingly adv.ant. uninterestinginternational adj. between nations 国际的, 世界的internationally adv.internationalism 国际主义internationalize vt. 使国际化interrupt v. (interrupted, interrupting, interruption) to break the flowof someones speech or the flow (of sth. continuous)插嘴, 打断,打扰Cf: stopant. uninterruptinterv

300、iew n. a meeting where a person is asked questions面谈, 会谈, 采访v. to ask questions (of somebody) in an interview面试, 采访中提问(interviews, interviewer, interviewing, interviewed)into prep. 1.so as to be in or inside 进入内部，到里面2.so as to be 成为，转入translateintochange (turn)intoget into troubleintroduce v. (intro

301、duced, introducing )1.to make known by name for the first time 介绍2.to bring in for the first time 引进introduction n.introduction n. 1. the act of introducing 介绍, 引导, 倡导2. a written or spoken explanation at the beginningof a book or speech 引导, 开场白invite v. 1.to ask (sb.) to a social; occasion 邀请, 招待所2

302、.to ask for encourage(invites, invited, inviting, invitation). invitation n. 1.a written request to go somewhere or to do sth.2.the act of inviting 请柬, 邀请iron n. 1. a kind of metal 铁2. heavy flat-bottomed object used for making clothing and clothsmooth 熨斗3.of great strength 刚强的意志vt. to make (clothes

303、) smooth with an iron 熨平，烫平ironing board 熨衣板irrigate v. to supply water to (dry land) 灌溉(irrigates, irrigated, irrigating, irrigation)irrigation n. 灌溉island n. A piece of land surrounded by water 岛，岛屿traffic island (safety island) 安全岛，安全地区（用于行人过马路避车用）syn. isle n. （文学用语）岛，小岛islander n. People who liv

304、e on an island 岛民it pron. (used as subject or object) 它（用作主格，宾格）1.作形式主语；2.指代时间、天气、距离；3.用于强调句式; 4.用于形式宾语its pron. (possessive form of it) of that thing, animal, etc., alreadymentioned 它的itself pron. 它自己，它本身（反身代词或用于加强语气）jacket n. a short coat with sleeves 上衣jam n. fruit boiled and preserved in sugar a

305、nd used esp. for spreading on bread 果酱（不可数）jelly果冻January n. (Jan. , Januarys )the first month of the year 一月;正月Japan n. 日本。Japanese adj. 日本的，日本人的n. 日语，日本人jar n. a short-necked wide-mouthed pot made of glass, store, clay, etc. 罐子，坛子jazz n. music originated by black Americans 爵士音乐jewellery n. jewels

306、(总称) 首都. 珠宝（不可数）jewel n. 宝石（可数），jeweller n. 珠宝商 jewelryjob n. 1. regular paid employment 工作，职业2. a piece of work 活计syn. work, labour, task, occupation professionjoin v. 1. to come or bring together; connect(with)连接，接合2. to take part together with 和一起做同样的事,参加,加入join in 参加(活动)join the army 参军join the

307、club 加入俱乐部join up 联合(连接)起来syn. take part in, attendjoke n. anything said or done to cause laughter or amusement笑话，玩笑； v. to tell jokes 开玩笑，说笑话。a joke, joked, joking, jokingly, jokerjoke with(about), no joke, play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑。journalist n. a person whose profession is journalism 新闻工作者，新闻记者。j

308、ournalists, journalism 新闻业 journal (可数名词) 期刊, 杂志journey n. a trip of some distance, usu. by land 旅行, 旅程 (常指陆上的; 长途的)a journey, journeyssyn. travel (泛指旅行. 游历, 尤指国外旅行, 无路程之义); trip (短期或短程旅行, 常可替换journey或voyage); tour (观光旅行); excursion (群体性的娱乐旅性); voyage (海上旅行)go on a journey; wake a journey tojoy n. g

309、reat happiness 高兴，快乐joyful, joyfully, joyless, joyfulnesssyn. happiness, pleasureto ones joy 使人高兴的是judge v. 1. to from or give an opinion about 评判，判断2. to act as a judge(in) 审判, 判决n. 1. a public official who has the power to decide questions brought before a court of law 法官,审判员2. a person who has th

310、e right or knowledge and experience to make a sound decision 裁判，鉴常家a judge, judges, judging, judgedjudgement n. an official decision given by a judge or a court of law 判决judgment, see judgesyn. decision, determination ant. misjudgmentjuice n. the liquid part of fruit, vegetables, and meat (果. 蔬菜. 肉等

311、的)汁, 液juicy adj. having a lot of juice 多汁的junior adj. & n. 1. younger较年幼的，年少的2. of /over rank or position 下级的，职位低的syn. smaller, lover, secondary ant. senior, superiorJuly n. the seventh month of the year 七月jump v. to push oneself into the air by the force of ones legs; spring 跳,跳跃syn. hop, spring, l

312、eap, skipjune n. the sixth month of the year 六月just adv. 1. exactly at that time or please; exactly 正好，恰恰是2. almost not, hardly 刚刚，差点不3. only仅仅just as 正如, 恰恰just now 刚才(常用于一般过去时)just then 正在那时only just 容易才; 勉强just about 几乎, 差不多just 常用于现在完成时, just now常用于过去时态。justice n. 1. the quality of being just; r

313、ightness, fairness正义，公正，公平，合理2. a judge (美)法官a justice, justices, justlydo justice to someone, do someone justice 公平或公正对待某人kangaroo n. an Australian animal which jumps along on its large back legsand which carries its young in a special pocket of flesh袋鼠keep v. 1. to have without the need of returni

314、ng 保留; 保有2. to have for some time or for more time (暂时)保管; 有效3. v.+ ing: to (cause to) stay, remain, or continue(使)保持;(使)持续(某一状态)4. to take care of and provide with food, money, etc. 照顾;供养5. to own 经营;饲养6. to hold back, prevent 耽误; 阻止kept, keeping, keeps -skeep a record: to make regular written note

315、s of 作记录keep back: not to tell or give 隐瞒; 保留keep fit: to remain healthykeep in touch with: to continue connecting withkeep off: to be away fromkeep on doing sth. to continue doing sth.keep ones balance: to cause to remain in an equal or proper state 保持平衡keep ones promise: to fulfil what one claims

316、履行诺言keep up: 1. to keep in good condition 保持2. to continue 继续keep alive: to remain alive 活下来,继续活着keep away: not to go closer 避开,不接近keep ones word: keep ones promise 守信用keep up with: 跟上,不落后于keeper n. a person who guards, protects, or look after 看守人，看护员，管理员door keeper 看门人，门房；shopkeeper 店主，店东key n. 1.

317、an instrument to lock or unlock a door, start or stop a car engine, etc.钥匙2. (与to连用)something that explains, answers, or helps you to understand 解答,答案key figure n. an important person 关键人物keyboard n. a row of keys on a musical instrument or machine 键盘kg =kilogram(me) n. 1,000 grams 千克，公斤kick n.&v. T

318、o hit with the foot or an act of kicking 踢kill v. To cause to die 杀死，毁掉（一般意义“使死亡”）killer 杀手，凶手syn. murder 故意杀人；slaughter, butcher 屠宰，屠杀，滥杀无辜kilo n. kilogram or kilometer 公斤，千克，公里，千米kilometre n. (kilometer Am.E) 1,000 meters 公里，千米kind adj. & n. 1. a group; type; sort 种; 类; 属2. interested in the happi

319、ness or feelings of others 友好的，和善的kind, kindness, kind-hearted adj.仁慈的syn. Sorta kind of 一种的all kinds of 各种各样的ofkind 种（类）的，属一类do sb. a kindness 帮某人忙，做一件好事out of kindness 出于好心kindergarten n. A school or class for children aged 4 to 6 before entering grade school 幼儿园king n. the male ruler of a country

320、 国王 the most important number of a group 首脑，最重要者kingdom n. 1. a country governed by a king(or a queen) 王国2. divisions of objects 领域，界kiss v. & n. 1. to touch with the lips as a sign of love or as a greeting 吻，接吻2. an act of kissing 吻a kiss, kisseskiss sb. good-bye 吻别kitchen n.a room used for cooking

321、 厨房，灶间kite n. a wooden or metal frame covered with paper or cloth for flying in the air at the end of a long string 风筝knee n. The middle joint of the leg 膝盖a knee, kneeson ones knees 跪着knife n. a blade used for cutting as a tool or weapon (有柄)小刀knivesstick a knife in someones back 背后捅刀；knife and for

322、k 刀叉knock v. to strike a blow; hit 打. 击. 敲n.(the sound of) a blow 一击，敲击声syn. hit strikeknock at 敲（门窗）knock into sb. 撞到某人身上，偶然遇见knock out of 从中敲出来knock down 撞倒，摧毁knock over 击倒，打翻know v. 1. to have information (about) in the mind 知道,了解2. to have met or spoken to(someone) several times认识,熟识3. to have s

323、een, heard 听过,见过knew ,known ,knowingbe known as 被称为,大家公认。know about (of) 听说过。knowledge n. 1. understanding 理解,了解,知道2. learning 学识,学问,知识3. information about 熟悉,见闻knowledgeable adj. 知识渊博的syn. understanding, learningkoala n. an Australian tree-climbing animal like a small furry bear 考拉,树袋熊Kph=kilometre

324、(s) per hour 千米/小时Lab also laboratory n. a building or room which contains scientificapparatus and in which a scientist works 实验室；实验大楼labour/labor 1. work, esp. tiring physical work, or effort（尤指费力的）体力劳动2. workers, esp. those who use their hands 劳力；工人；（尤指）用手操作的工人3. the act of giving birth 分娩lack v.

325、to be without; not have enough of 缺少；缺乏；短缺n. absence or need 缺少；缺乏ladder n. a frame with steps, used for climbing, as up a building or theside of a ship 梯子lady n. 1. (polite) a woman, esp. a woman of good social position（雅）女士；夫人；（尤指）有社会地位的贵妇人2. also woman (亦作woman)-female 女性lake n. a large mass of w

326、ater surrounded by land 湖，湖泊(比较POND)lamb n. 1. a young sheep 小羊，羔羊2. the meat of a young sheep 羔羊肉lamp n. an apparatus for giving light, as from oil, gas, or electricity灯，如油灯；煤气灯；电灯land n. 1. the solid dry part of the earths surface 陆地2. a part of the earths surface forming a political whole;country

327、; nation 国土；国家3. a part of the earths surface all of the same natural type地带地球的表面与海洋比较时称为land; 与天空比较时称为earth;被看作财产的一块地皮是land; 生长植物的土地称为ground, earth或soil。Ground也指我们行走的地面，但在室内就叫做floor。v. to come to, be to, or put on land 使上岸；登陆landowner n. the owner of land 地主；土地所有者language n. 1. the system of human

328、expression by means of words in speechor writing 语言,文字2. a particular system of words, as used by a people or nation一个国家（或一个民族）的语言3. any system of signs, movements, etc. used to expressmeanings or feelings(用以表达意义或感情的)一套符号或动作large adj. more than usual in size, number, or amount; big大的；巨大的last n., pro

329、n. 1. the person or thing after all the others最后的人（或物）at (long) last in the end; after a long time 最后；终于determiner, adv.no comp. (无比较级)1. after everything else; after the others 最后的，唯一剩下的；最后2. on the occasion nearest in the past; most recent紧接前面的；最近过去的v. to measure in length of time; go on; continue

330、 持续；继续；延续eg. The film lasted nearly three hours.Late adj. 1. arriving, happening, etc., after the usual, arranged, orexpected time 迟的； 晚的2. happening towards the end of the day, life, a period, etc.（白天、生命、时期等）将尽的，快结束的；末期的3. that happened only a short time ago 新近的4. former (not living) 已故的adv. 1. aft

331、er the usual, arranged, or expected time 迟；晚2. towards the end of a period 在晚期be late for (school) 迟到（校）lately adv. in the recent past 近来，最近later adv. 之后；不久latest n. infml (非正式的) the most recent news, fashion, or example最新消息；最新款式；最近事例at the latest 最迟；至迟laugh v. 1. to express amusement, happiness, ca

332、relessness, disrespect(etc.)by making explosive sounds with the voice, usu. while smiling笑；大笑2.to influence or bring to a result by laughing 笑得使laughter n an act or sound of laughing 笑；笑声laugh at 嘲笑law n. 1. a rule that is supported by the power of government and thatgoverns the behavior of members

333、of a society 法令；法规2. the whole body of such rules in a country （一个国家的）法律3. such rules, either in total or in part, and the way in whichthey work 法律及其动作lawyer n. a person whose business is to advise people about laws and torepresent them in court 律师lay v laid laid laying 1. to cause to lie flat 放下；搁置

334、；铺放2. to set in proper order or position安排；布置；摆好lay the table for dinner. (=place knives, forks, etc., ready for a meal)摆好餐具准备吃饭3. (of birds, insects, etc. ) to produce (an eggor eggs)(鸟类，昆虫等)下（蛋）；产（卵）USAGE Do not confuse lay (laid, laid). With lie (lay, lain).用法：不要把及物动词 lay(laid, laid)与不及物动词 lie (l

335、ay, lain) 相混淆。eg. A person can lay his coat on the bed;When he has done this his coat is lying on the bed.一个人可以把他的外衣放在(lay)床上。(当他放好时，这件外衣就平搁(islying)在床上了。A third verb lie (lied, lied) means “to tell a lie”. 还有一个不及物动词lie (lied, lied) 意思是“说谎”。lazy adj. 1. disliking and avoiding activity or work懒惰的；懒散的

336、；偷懒的2. (esp. of periods of time) encouraging inactivity（尤指一段时间）令人懒散的3. moving slowly 慢吞吞的lead v led, leading 1. to bring or show the way to (person or animal)by going in front领头；带领；引导，牵引（人或动物）2. to be the means of reaching a place, goingthrough an area, etc. 通往；导向3. to persuade or influence(someone)

337、 to dosomething 影响，劝诱（某人）做（某事）lead a simple life 过着俭朴的生活USAGE: to lead is to show the way by going first, to guide is to show the wayand explain things, and to direct is to explain to someone how to getto a place 用法：走在前面带路用lead ,边领路边讲解用guide ，向某人解释如何到某一地方去用direct：he lead them down the mountain. 他带领他

338、们下山。| She guided the tourists round the castle. 她引导旅游者参观了这座城堡。| Could you direct me to the station, please? 请问到车站怎么走？ to drive is either to control a moving vehicle, or to makeanimals move forward by going behind them drive 既可表示驾驶车辆，也可表示在后面驱赶动物: Driving the cattle to market. 把牛群赶到市场去。To steer is to

339、control the direction of a moving vehicle or boat.steer 表示控制行进中的车或船的方向。steering wheel （汽车的）方向盘lead to v. prep to have as a result; cause 引起；导致lead n. a soft heavy easily melted dull grey metal, used for pipes, tocover roofs, etc. 铅leader n. 1. a person or thing that leads or is in advance of others先

340、导者；领先者；前导的事物2. a person who guides or directs a group, movement, etc.领袖；领导人；首领leading adj. 1. most important; chief; main 最重要的；主要的2. guiding, directing, or controlling指导的；领导的；控制的leaf n. pl. leaves 1. one of the usu. flat and green parts of a plant thatare joined to its stem or branch 叶2. a thin shee

341、t of paper, esp. a page in a book一张薄纸；（尤指书的）一页league n a group of people, countries etc. who have joined to work forsome aim 联盟；同盟Communist Youth League of China 中国共青团League member 团员Leak v. 1. to let (a liquid, gas, etc.) in or out of a leak(漏洞；漏隙) 让（液体、气体等）渗漏2. (of a liquid, gas, etc.) to pass thr

342、ough a leak（液体、气体等）漏出3. to make know (news, facts, etc., that ought to be secret)泄露（秘密的消息，事实等）learn v. learned or learnt, learning1. to gain knowledge (of) or skill (in) 学；学习；学会2. to fix in the memory; memorize 记住3. to become informed (of ) 听说；获悉learnby heart 记住；背诵learned adj. having or showing much

343、 knowledge 有学问的；博学的learner n a person who learns 学习者；初学者least adv. in the smallest degree 最小；最少；最不determiner, pron. (superlative of LITTLE) (LITTLE 的最高级)the smallest number or amount 最小；最少量eg. Hes not in the least (=not at all) worried. 他一点也不担心。at least: a) not less than; if not more 至少，起码b) if noth

344、ing else; anyway 无论如何leave v. left, leaving1. to go away (from) 离开2. to allow to remain, esp. after going away（尤指走后）留下；剩下；使处于（某种状态）3. to fail to take or bring, esp.by accident (尤指偶然地)遗忘；忘记拿去；忘记带来lecture n. (to give)a speech to a group of people, esp. as a method ofteaching at universities （尤指大学里的）讲课

345、left adj. 1. on or belonging to the side of the body that usu. containsthe heart （身体上）左的，左面的2. on, by, or in the direction of ones left side左边的；左侧的；左方的n. 1. the left side or direction 左；左边2. the left hand 左手adv. towards the left 向左(反right)on the left 在左边left-handed adj. 1. using the left hand for mo

346、st actions惯用左手的；大多用左手做事的2. made for use by a left-handed person为左撇子使用的ant. right-handedhandedly adv. -left-handedness n.leftovers n. food remaining uneaten after a meal 吃剩的食物leftover adj. 剩余的leg n. 1. one of the limbs on which an animal walks and which support itsbody（动物的腿）2. that part of this limb

347、above the foot 腿部3. the part of a garment that covers the leg 裤腿Legend Computer Group Corporation 联想计算机集团公司Lend v. lent, lending to give(someone) the possession or use of(something) for a limited time 把借给length n. 1. the measurement or distance from one end to the other or ofthe longest side of some

348、thing 长；长度2. a piece of something esp. of a certain length or fora particular purpose（一）段；（一）节less adv. (comparative of LITTLE)(LITTLE的比较级)1. (with adjectives and adverbs)not so; to a smaller degree(than)（与形容词和副词连用）不如；在较小程度上；不及2. (with verbs)not so much（与动词连用）较少；更少determiner, pron.(comparative of LI

349、TTLE)(LITTLE的比较级)a smaller amount 较小（少）的；更小（少）的less and less (an amount)that continues to become smaller 越来越少no less(than)(expressing surprise at a large number or amount)（对大数目或大数量表示惊奇）不少（于），不亚（于）less than 不到；少于lesson n. 1. something taught to or learned by a pupil, esp. in school;the period of time

350、 a pupil or class studies a subject课业；课程；一节课2. something, e.g. an experience, from which one should learn教训；经验have lessons 上课do ones lessons 做（预习或复习）功课let v. let, letting 1.to allow to do or happen 允许，让2. must; is to 须，应，可，让3. Br.E to give the use of(a room, land, etc.)in returnfor regular payments

351、出租（房间、土地等）let us: a) allow us to 让我们：Please let us buy you a drink!请让我们给你买杯饮料吧！b) also lets(used when suggesting a plan that includes the personspoken to) we must should （亦作lets）（提出一项包括听话者在内的建议时用）我们必须应当eg. Lets go. 我们走吧！Let us go, please!请您让我们走吧！let in 让进来let out 放出；发生；泄露letter n. 1. a written or pr

352、inted message sent usu. in an envelope 书信2. one of the signs in writing or printing that represents a speechsound 字母3. the words of an agreement, law, etc., rather than its real orintended meaning （法律、协议等的）字面，字面意义eg. to the letter a. with close attention to the written details ofan agreement, law, e

353、tc. b. to the fullest degreelevel n. 1. a position of height 高度；水准，水平2. a smooth flat surface, esp. a wide area of flat ground平面；（尤指）大块平地3. amount, size, or number 数量；大小；数目liberate v. fml(正式)to set free(from control, prison, etc.)（从控制、监禁等情况下）解放；释放；获得自由liberation n. 解放librarian n. a person who is in

354、charge of or helps to run a library 图书馆馆长；图书馆管理员library n. 1. a building or room which contains books that may be lookedat or borrowed by the public(public library) or by membersof a special group 图书馆、图书室，收藏馆2. a collection of books 藏书lie v. lay, lain, lying1. to be in a flat position on a surface 卧

355、，躺；平放2. to put the body into such a position 躺下3. to be in the stated position; be placed 位于4. to remain or be kept in the stated condition or position处于；保持在（某种状态或位置）v. lied, lying to tell a lie 说谎、撒谎n. an untrue statement purposely made to deceive 谎言life n. lives 1. the active force that enables(an

356、imals and plants) tocontinue existing 生命2. living things 生物3. human existence 人生；生活；生存；世事4. the period during which one is alive 一生；终生5. a person 性命；人命lifetime n. the time during which a person is alive 一生；终生lift v. to raise to a higher level 提升；抬起；举起n. the act of lifting, rising, or raising 提；升举Br.

357、E = elevator Am.E elevator)-an apparatus in a building that moves upand down between floors and carriespeople or goods 电梯a free ride in a vehicle, esp. one given to a traveller 免费搭车light n.1. the natural force that is produced by or redirected(reflected)fromobjects and other things, so that we see t

358、hem 光；光线2. the light of the sun or the time it lasts 日光；白昼3. something that produces light and causes other things to be seen,such as a lamp or torch 发光体，光源（如灯、电筒）adj. 1. easy to see in; bright 明亮的2. not deep or dark in colour, pale 浅色的；淡的v. ( lit or lighted, lighting ) 1. to (cause to) start to bur

359、n 点燃，点着2. to give light to 照亮3. to (cause to ) become bright with pleasureor excitement （因高兴或激动而）（使）变亮，现出喜色USAGE: Use lit as the past participle of light, except when it stands as anadjective before the noun 用法：除了在名词前用作形容词外，light 的过去分词都用 lit：Hes lit a match. 他划着了一根火柴。/ The match islit. 火柴划着了。/ a lig

360、hted match 划着了的火柴lightly adv. 1. with little weight or force; gently 轻轻地，轻微地2. to a slight or little degree 轻度地；略微地3. without careful thought or reasoning未经深思熟虑地；轻率地lightning n. 1. a powerful flash of light in the sky, usu. followed bythunder闪电2.very quick, short, or sudden 闪电似的like v. 1. to be fond

361、 of; find pleasant 喜欢，爱好2. to wish or choose 希望；想要be like 像USAGE: When like means “to be fond of or enjoy”, it is used on its own; whenit means “to want”, it is used with would. 用法：当like意为：“爱好，喜欢”时，总是单独使用；当它表示“想要”时，便与would连用。与动词love的用法相同prep. 1. in the same way as; of the same kind as 象一样2. typical

362、of; showing the usual manner of 典型的；一向是的3. for example 譬如USAGE: Note the difference between these uses of like and as 用法：注意like和as用法上的区别：He has been playing tennis as a professional for twoyears(=he is a professional tennis player)他作为职业网球运动员打网球已有两年了（他是职业网球运动员）。eg. He plays tennis like a professional

363、(=he is not a professional tennisplayer, but he plays as well as someone who is) 他打起网球来象个职业运动员（他不是职业网球运动员，但他打得和一个职业网球运动员一样好）。Likely adj. 1. probable; expected 很可能的；可期待的2. suitable to give results 会有结果的，有希望的ant. unlikelylimit n. the farthest point or edge(of something)（事物的）界限；限度；极限v. to keep below or

364、 at a certain point or amount 限制vi. 限定limited adj. 有限的line n. 1. a thin mark with length but no width, which can be drawn on asurface 线；线条2. a long mark that acts as a limit or border 界线；界限3. a row 行；排link v. to join or connect 连接；联系lip n. 1. one of the edges of the mouth where the skin is delicate

365、and ratherred 嘴唇2.the ordinary skin below the nose 唇部的皮肤lion n. a large yellow four-footed animal of the cat family which livesmainly in Africa 狮子list n. a set of names of things written one after the other, so as to rememberthem or keep them in order 清单；目录；一览表listen v. to give attention in hearing

366、听；留神听listen to 听（讲话）litre/ liter 升（容量单位，约1.25品脱）little adj. 1. small小的2. short 短暂的3. young 幼小的adv. 1. not much 少；稍许2. not at all 毫不determiner. pron less, least1. (used without a, to show the smallness of the amount) not much;not enough （不与a连用，表示量极少）, 没有多少；少量；不足2. a) a small amount, but at least some

367、 一点儿；少量b) a short time 短时间，一会儿little rather 稍微；些许little by little gradually 一点一点地；逐渐地live v. lived, living 1. to be alive; have life 活着；生存2. to continue to be alive 活下去；继续生存3. to have ones home 居住live on sth. v. prep to have as ones only food or income只以为食， 只靠为 收入lively adj. 1. full of quick movemen

368、t, thought, etc.活泼的；思想活跃的；有生气的2. life like; as if real栩栩如生的；逼真的；生动的a lively description 生动的描述living adj. 1.alive now 活的；活着的 (注：living 可放在被修饰的名词前，alive 却不能 )eg. a) There is a living snake on the floor. Dont go near it.b) The passengers alive after the terrible accident were inbad need of food and med

369、ical care.2. existing in use 现存的living-room also sitting room( B.rE): the main room in a house where peoplecan do things together, (usu.) apart from eating客厅，起居室，起坐间load n.1. an amount being carried, or to be carried, esp. heavy负载；（尤指）重载2.the amount which a certain vehicle can carry （车辆的）装载量3.the wo

370、rk done by an engine, etc. (发动机等的)负载；负荷loaf n. loaves bread shaped and baked in one piece, usu. fairly large（通常较大的）长面包local adj.1. of or in a certain place, esp. the place one lives in地方的；当地的；本地的2. tech concerning a particular part, esp. of the body（专业术语）（尤指人体）局部的lock n.1. an apparatus for closing a

371、nd fastening something by means of a key锁2. a stretch of water closed off by gates, esp. on a canal, so thatthe level can be raised or lowered to move boats up or down a slope（运河等的）水闸v. 1. to fasten with lock 锁；锁上2. to put in a place and lock the entrance 锁入3. to become fixed or blocked 固定住；阻塞住lonel

372、y adj. alone and unhappy; away from other people 孤独的；寂寞的long adj. 1. measuring a large amount in length, distance, or time（长度、距离或时间）长的2. covering a certain distance or time走过一段路程的；花费一定时间的(for) a long time 长久地as/ so long as if: on condition that 如果；只要long ago: at a distant time in the past 很久以前no lon

373、ger/(not)any longer: (used only in negatives, questions, etc.)(not)anymore; not now （只用于否定、疑问等句中） 不再；现在不（是） so long infml （非正式） goodbye 再见the long and the short of it the general result 总的意思是；梗概long-term 长期的before long 不久以后；很快long before 很久以前look v. 1.to turn the eyes so as to see, examine, or find

374、something看；瞧；望；注意看2.to have the appearance of being(ill, well, etc.)显得，看来，好象（有病、健康等）3.to see and notice carefully 留神look after v. prep. to take care of 照顾；照料look around/ round/ about v. adv. to search 到处寻找look at v. prep 1. to watch 看2. to regard; judge 看待；对待；判断3. to consider, examine 考虑；检查4. to rem

375、ember and learn from记住并吸取教训look back v. Adv. 1. to remember 回顾，回想2. never look back to have complete success 获得全胜look down on/upon v. adv. prep. to have a low opinion of(esp. someone thoughtless socially important)轻视；看不起（尤指被认为社会地位较低者）look for v. prep. to try to find 寻找look forward to v. adv. prep. t

376、o expect to enjoy(something that is goingto happen) 盼望；期待（某事发生）look out v. adv. to take care; watch(for) 当心；留神；注意看look up v. adv. 1. to get better; improve 好转；有起色2. (look sth. up) to find(information)in a book(在书中)查寻look into v. prep. 向里面看去；investigate调查have a look 看一看take a look 看一看loose adj. 1.not

377、 fastened, tied up, shut up, etc.; free from control开的；自由的；没有束缚的2. not bound together 松散的；散装的3. not firmly fixed; not tight松的；松动的lorry Br.E also truck a large motor vehicle for carrying heavy goods卡车lose v. lost, losing 1. to come to be without, e.g. through carelessness;fail to find 丢失，遗失；迷失；找不到2.

378、to (cause to )have taken away; (cause to)have tolonger, as a result of time, death, or destruction（使）失去，（使）丧失3. to fail to win, gain, or obtain 输了；未得到lose heart 失去信心；灰心lose ones life 死；牺牲lose ones voice 失音；噪子哑lose weight 减肥；降体重get lost 走开，滚开（美国口语）loss n. 1. the act or fact of losing possession(of so

379、mething) 丧失；遗失2. a person, thing, or amount that is lost or taken away失去的人（或物）；损耗量3. a failure to take a profit亏损lot n. 1. a large quantity, number, or amount 很多，许多2. the whole quantity, number, or amount 全部；总数；总量3. a group or amount of people or things of the same type某一类的人；一批东西n.esp. Am.E an area

380、of land used for building or parking cars on（用于建房或停车的）一块地a lot of/ lots of 许多；很多；大量loud adj.1. having or producing great strength of sound; not quiet; noisy响亮的；高声的，吵闹的2. unpleasantly noisy or colourful 喧闹的，嘈杂的；过分花哨的adv. loudly, in a loud way 大声地；响亮地love n. 1. a strong feeling of fondness for a perso

381、n 爱；热爱；爱戴ant. hate, hatred2. warm interest and enjoyment(in) 爱好，喜爱3. the object of attraction or liking 喜爱的东西v.loved, loving 1. to feel love, desire, or strong friendship (for)爱；热爱；挚爱2. to like very much; take pleasure in 非常喜欢；爱好ant. hatebe in love with 与相爱lovely adj. 1. beautiful; that one loves or

382、 likes 美丽的；可爱的2. infml（非正式） very pleasant 令人愉快的loveliness n.low adj. 1. being or reaching not far above the ground, floor, base, or bottom;not high 低的；矮的2. small in size, degree, amount, worth, etc.（在大小、程度、数量、价值等方面）少的，小的，低下的3. lacking in strength or spirit; weak or unhappy没精神的；体弱的；情绪低落的adv. 1. in or

383、 to a low position, point, degree, manner, etc.(位置、程度、态度、地位等)低地；向下地；卑微地；粗俗地2. near the ground, floor, base, etc.; not high低矮地3.(in music)in or with deep notes （音乐中）以低音调；低沉地ant. high4. quietly; softly 轻声地；轻柔地low-lying adj. 地势低洼的luck n. 1. that which happens, either good or bad, to a person by, or asi

384、f by, chance; fortune 运气2. good fortune 好运道luggage n. the case, bags, boxes, etc., of a traveller 行李(Br.E) baggagelunch n. a meal eaten in the middle of the day 午餐have lunch 吃午饭lung n. either of the two breathing organs in the chest of man or certainanimals （人或某些动物的）肺machinem in n. a man-made instru

385、ment or apparatus which uses power(such aselectricity)to perform work 机器，器械madm d adj. 1.ill in the mind 发疯的，疯的2.filled with strong feeling, interest, etc. 狂热的；着迷的madamm d m n. a polite way of addressing a woman, usu. sb. one does not know personally对妇人的尊称，通常用于不相识者magazinem g zin n. a sort of book w

386、ith a paper cover, which contains writing, photographs, and advertisements, usu. on a special subject or for a certain group of people, and which is printed every week ormonth 杂志；期刊magicm d ik n. 1. the system of trying to control events by calling on spirits, secret forces, etc. 魔法，巫术2. the art of

387、a theatrical performer who produces unexpected objects and results by tricks 魔术3. a charming quality or influence 魔力，魅力adj. 有魔力的maidmeid n. a female servant 女仆mailmeil n. 1. the postal system 邮政制度2. letters and anything else sent by post 邮件mailboxmeilb ks n. AmE a place for collecting mail; postbox

388、邮筒，邮箱； 信箱mainmein adj. chief; most important 主要的；最重要的mainlymeinli adv. 大体上；主要地mainlandmeinl nd n. a land mass, considered without its islands 大陆majormeid adj. greater when compared with others, in size, number, or importance 较大的，较多的，较重要的 （反minor）majoritym d riti n. the greater number or amount(esp.

389、of people)（尤指人）多数；大部分makemeik v. ( made, making)1.to produce by work or action 制造，生产2. to put into the stated condition, position, etc.; causeto be 使处于某种状况（地位）；使成为3. to force or cause(someone to do something/ something to happen) （迫）使某人（做某事使某事（发生）be made from 由制造be made in 在制造be made of 用制造be made u

390、p of 由组成make to ones own measure 依照某人的尺寸做make a decision 作出决定make a good effort 作很大的努力make a plan for 为作计划make a promise 答应；允诺make a record 录制唱片make ends meet 量入为出；使收支相抵make fun of 取笑某人make progress 取得进步make sense 讲得通；很有意义make sure of 确保；确定make up 编出make up ones mind 下决心make use of 利用malemeil adj. &

391、 n. the sex that does not give birth to young 男性（的）；公 （的）； 雄（的）manm nn.(pl. men) 1. a fully grown human male 成年男人2. a human being, male or female 人3. human beings in general; the human race 人的总称；人类managem nid v. 1. to control or guide(esp. a business)控制；管理（尤指企业）2.to succeed in dealing with(a problem

392、)设法对付（一个难题）managerm nid n. person who directs the affairs of a business, a sports team, a singer, etc. （企业，运动队，歌唱家的）经理，管理人manifestom nifest u n. a (written) statement making public the intentions, opinions, etc., of a political party or group （一个政党或团体的）宣言；（书面）声明mankindm nkaind n. the human race, bot

393、h men and women 人类manmadem nmeid adj. 1.produced by people; not found in nature 人造的2.(of materials) made from chemical, not natural, substances; synthetic （衣料）化纤的；人造的，合成的 (natural)mannerm n n. 1. the way or style of doing something 方式；方法2.a personal way of acting or behaving 举止；态度mannersm n z n. (po

394、lite) social practices or habits (有礼貌的)社交举止；社习惯manymeni determiner, pron. more, most1.(used without a to show the large size of a number) 许多，很多2. a good/ great many: a large number of 很多3. many a man, time, etc. many men, times, etc.许多人，许多次（等）mapm p n. a representation or plan showing the shape and

395、position of countries, towns, rivers, etc. 地图marchma:t v. 1.to walk with a regular, esp. forceful, step like a soldier 行 进；进 军；行军2. to force to walk(away) 迫使走（开）n. 1.the act of marching 行军 2 the distance covered while marching in a certain period of time （在一定时间内的）行程markma:k n. 1.a spot, line, or cut

396、 that spoils the natural colour or appearance of something 痕迹，斑点2.an object or sign serving as a guide, giving information, orshowing a quality 记号；标志3.a figure, letter, or sign which represents a judgment of quality in someones work, behaviour, or performance （给某人的工作、行为、表演等给予的）评分v. 1.to make a mark

397、on, or to receive a mark, in a way that spoils the appearance 留痕迹于；作记号于；标明vi. 2.to be a sign of 成为的标志marketma:kit n. 1.a building or open place where people meet to buy and sell goods 市场，集市2.a gathering of people to buy and sell on certain days at such a place 定期集市3.an area or country where is a dem

398、and for goods 推销地区（或国家）marquisma:kwis n. 候爵marrym ri v. 1.to take (a person) in marriage 和结婚2.(of a priest or official) to perform the ceremony of marriage for (two people) （牧师或官员）为（两人）证婚3.to cause to take in marriage 使结婚marriagem rid n. 结婚；婚姻marxismma:ksizm n.the teaching of Karl Marx on which comm

399、unism is based,which explains the changes in history according to the struggle between social classes 马克思主义massm s n. 1.a solid lump, quantity, or heap, or large number 一块；一团；一堆；大量2.(in science) the amount of matter in a body （科学）物体的质量adj. of or for a great number of people 大众的，群众的masses of 大多数；大部分m

400、asterma:st n. 1.mistress fem(阴性)-a man in control of people, animals, or things 主人2.mistress fem(阴性)-fml (正式) a male teacher 男教师3.a man of great skill in art or work with the hands 艺术大师；手工高超的人v. to gain control over or learn thoroughly 掌握；精通matm t n. 1.a piece of rough strong material or small rug u

401、sed for covering part of a floor 席垫；地席2.a small piece of material used for putting under objects on a table（桌上用的）衬垫matchm t n. 1.a game or sports event in which teams or people compete 比赛， 竞赛2.a person who is equal or better in strength, ability, etc., (to another) 对手，敌手3. a thing or set of things t

402、hat is like or suitable to another or each other 相象的东西；相配之物v. 1.to be like or suitable for use with(another or each other) 相 象；相配vi. 2.to be or find an equal to 是的对手，vi能与较量3.to find something like or suitable for use with 找相象的东西；找相配的东西4.well-/ ill -matched suitable/ not suitable to with, or to compe

403、te with, each other 很相称不vii相称have a match 举行进行一场比赛materialm ti ri l n. 1.anything from which something is or may be made 材料，原料2.cloth 布，布料3.knowledge of facts from which a (written) work may be produced 素材；资料mathematicsm im tiks also infml. maths BrE | math AmE(亦作maths|math,非正式)-n. the study or scie

404、nce of number 数学 -mathematical adj. - mathematically adv.matterm t n. 1.the material which makes up the word and everything in space which can be seen or touched 物质2.a subject to which one gives attention; an affair 事情，问题3.a trouble or cause of pain, illness, etc.麻烦事；痛苦的起因；病因；毛病v. to be important 要紧

405、；有关系maximumm ksim mn. 1.the most, or the largest possible, quantity, number, or degree 最大量；最大数；最大限度2.largest, or largest possible(in amount, degree, etc.) 最大（数量、程度等） (minimum)maymei v. 1.(shows a possibility)（表示可能性）2.to have permission to 准许,可以3.(used when expressing a wish（表示愿望）)Maymei n. the 5th m

406、onth of the year 五月maybemeibi adv. perhaps 也许memi: pron. (object form of I )(I 的宾格)mealmi:l n. an amount of food eaten at one time 膳食；一餐，一顿饭meanmi:n v. meant, meaning 1.to represent(a meaning ) 意思是；有的意思2.to have in mind as or for a purpose; intend 意欲；打算3.to be a sign of 有的征兆，意味着meaningmi:ni n. the i

407、dea which is intended to be understood 意义，意思，涵义meanwhilemi:nwai l also meantime infml. (亦作meantime；非正式)- adv. during this time; in the same period of time 在此期间；同时measureme v. 1.to find the size, length, amount, degree, etc., (of)in standardmeasurements 计量，测量（尺寸，长短，容量，程度等）2.to show or record amount,

408、size, length, etc. 表示或记录（数量，尺寸，长度等）3.to be of a certain size 具有某种尺寸meatmi:t n. 1.the flesh of animals(sometimes including birds, but not including fish) which is eaten 食用肉（有时包括禽肉，但不包括鱼肉）2.valuable matter, ideas, etc. 有价值的东西（想法等）medalmedl n. a round flat piece of metal, or a cross, with a picture and

409、/ or words marked on it, which is usu. given to a person as an honour for an act of bravery or strength奖章；勋章medicalmedikl adj. 1.of or concerning medicine and treating the sick 医学的；医疗的2.of the treatment of disease by medicine rather than by operation 医药的；内科的 medically adv.medical care 医疗护理medicineme

410、disn n. 1.a substance used for treating disease, esp. a liquid which is drunk 药；（尤指）药水2.the science of treating and understanding disease 医学have some medicine 服点药meetmi:t v. met, meeting 1.to come together(with), by chance or arrangement 遇见；偶然相遇；约会2.to get to know or be introduced (or )for the first

411、 time 认识；首次引见3.to touch, (as if)naturally 自然地接触meetmi:t n. a gathering of people, esp. (BrE) on horses with hunting dogs to hunt foxes or (AmE) for sports events （英尤常用）猎捕狐狸前猎人和猎狗的聚集；集会（尤指运动会）meetingmi:ti n. 1.a gathering o people, esp. for a purpose （尤指为了一个目的的）集会；会议2.the coming together of two or mo

412、re people, by chance or arrangement 偶然的相遇；约会；约见have a meeting 开会hold a meeting 举行会议membermemb n. a person belonging to a club, group, etc. 成员；会员ant. nonmembermemorymem ri n. 1.(an) ability to remember events and experience 记忆；记性；记忆力2.an example of remembering 回忆；记得的事情3.the time during which things h

413、appened which can be remembered 能记忆的时期mendmend v. 1.a. to repair(a hole, break, fault, etc. )in (something ) 修补,修理；修正；织补；缝补b.(of something broken or worn) to be able to be repaired（断裂，磨损的东西）能补，可以补2.to regain ones health 康复mens room 男厕所mentalmentl adj. 1.of the mind 脑力的；精神的2.done only in or with the

414、mind, esp. without the help of writing 内心的3.concerning disorders or illness of the mind 精神病的mentallymentliadv. 精神上；智力上mentionmen n v. 1.to tell about in a few words, spoken or written （口头或书面）提到，提及；谈起2.to say the name of 提出的名3.Dont mention it polite .Theres no need for thanks; Im glad to help （礼貌）别客气

415、；不用谢；乐意帮忙menumenju: n. a list of dishes in a meal or to be ordered as separate meals,esp. in a restaurant （尤指餐馆里的）菜单merchantm :t n n. a person who buys and sells goods, esp. in large amounts 商人(尤指）批发商人mercifulm :siful adj. showing mercy, forgiving rather than punishing 仁慈的；宽大的mercifully adv.mercy m

416、:si n. 1.willingness to forgive, not to punish 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯2.a fortunate event 幸运的事3.at the mercy of powerless against 受支配，在的支配下merelymi li adv. onlyand nothing else 仅仅，只不过messagemesid n. 1. a spoken or written piece of information passed from one person to another （口头或书面的）信息；消息2. the important or centr

417、al idea 要旨；启示；中心思想take a message for 给捎个信儿metalmetl n. any usu. solid shiny mineral substance which can be shaped bypressure and used for passing an electric current 金属metallicmit lik adj. of or like metal 金属的；金属似的methodme d n. 1.a way or manner(of doing) 方法；方式2.(the use of) an orderly system or arr

418、angement 条理（的运用）；规律；秩序metremi:t BrE meter AmE n. (a measure of length equal to) 39.37inches（长度单位）米，公尺（合39.37英寸）microcomputermaicr uk mpju:t n. 微机middaymiddei n. the middle of the day; 12 oclock noon 正午，中午；中午十二点middlemidl n. 1 the central part, point, or position 中部；中央；中间2 infml (正非式)the waist or the

419、 part below the waist 腰；或腰以下的部位3 in the middle of something/doing something in the course of or busy with something/doing something 在做某事的当儿正忙于做某事时in the middle of 在中间midnightmidnait n. 12 oclock at night 晚上十二点，午夜，半夜mightmait v. negative contraction mightnt(否定缩略形式: mightnt)1 (shows a possibility)(表示可

420、能性)2 (used as the past of may用作may的过去式)3 BrE (used instead of may, for asking permission politely )（有礼貌地请求许可，代替may)milemail n. (a measure of length equal to)1609 metres or 1760 yards 英里（长度单位，等于1609米，或多或少760码）milkmilk n. a white liquid produced by human or animal females for the feeding of their youn

421、g, and (in the case of cows and goats milk)often drunk by human beings or made into butter and cheese 奶；牛奶；羊奶millimetremilimi:t BrE -ter AmE n. (a measure of length equalto) 1000th of a metre 毫米（千分之一米）millionmili n determiner. n.& pron. million or millions(the number)1000000；百万millions of 成百万的；许许多多的

422、millionairemilj n n. a person who has 1000000 pounds or dollars; very wealthy person 百万富翁；巨富mindmaind n. 1 a persons way of thinking or feeling; thoughts 头脑；想法；思维；思想2 memory 记忆3 attention 注意；注意力v. to be careful(of); pay close attention (to) （通常用于命令句）注意；当心; 留心never mind 没关系；不必顾虑make up ones mind 下决心；

423、决定minemain pron. (possessive form of I )of the person who is speaking(代词I所有格形式)我的minemain n. a deep hole or network of holes under the ground from which coal, gold, tin and other mineral substances are dug 矿；矿山；矿井v. mined, mining 1 to dig or work a mine in (the earth)开矿，采矿；打矿井2 to obtain by digging

424、from a mine （从矿里）采掘，挖出mineralmin r l n. any of various esp. solid substances that are formed naturally in the earth(such as stone, coal, salt, etc.), esp. as obtained from the ground for mans use 矿物；矿石minibusminib s n. a small bus with seats for between six and twelve people 小型公共汽车；小面包车ministerminis

425、t n. 1 a politician who is a member of the government and is in charge of a particular government department 部长；大臣2 a priest in some branches of the Christian church（基督教某些教派的）牧师minoritymain riti n. 1 the smaller number or part; a number or part that is less than half 少数；少数派2 a small part of a popula

426、tion which is different from the rest in race, religion, etc. 少数民族minusmain s adj. (of a number or quantity) less than zero 负的；零下的minuteminit n. 1 one of the 60 parts into which an hour is divided 分（一小时的160）2 infml(非正式)a very short space of time 一会儿；片刻in a minute 一会儿；立刻just a minute 等一下mirrormir n.

427、a piece of glass, or other shiny or polished surface, that throwsback(reflects)images 镜子missmis v. 1 to fail to hit, catch, find, meet, see, hear, etc. 未击中；未赶上；未找到；未遇到，未看到，未听到2 to feel sorry or unhappy at the absence or loss of（因不 在或失去而）想念；怀念；惦念3 to discover the absence or loss of 发觉不在或遗失Missmis n.

428、(a title placed before the name of) an unmarried woman or a girl对未婚妇女或少女的称呼mistakemisteik n. a wrong thought, act, etc., something done, said, believed, etc., as a result of wrong understanding, lack of knowledge or skill, etc. 错误；过失by mistake 由疏忽所致make a mistake 犯错误misunderstandingmis nd st ndi n.

429、1 (an example of )the act of putting a wrongmeaning(on something); confusion误解；误会；错误的理解2 often euph(常用委婉)a disagreement less serious than a quarrel 分歧;失和mixmiks v. 1 to (cause to) be combined so as to form a whole, of which the parts cannot (easily) be separated one from another(使)混合；搀和 2 (of a pers

430、on)to be, or enjoy being in the company of others 交往；相处mixturemikst n. 1 a set of substances mixed together 混合物；混合料；混合体2 a combination (of things or people of different types or qualities)混杂的事物；杂乱的人群；混乱mm=millimetre milimi:t n. 毫米mobilem ubail adj. movable; able to move, or be moved, quickly and eas

431、ily; not fixed in one position 运动的；活动的；可动的modelm d l n. 1 a small representation or copy of something 模型；雏型；原型2 a person, esp. a young woman, employed to wear clothes and show them to possible buyers (as in a shop, by being photographed, etc.) 时装模特儿3 a person employed to be painted, drawn, photograp

432、hed, etc. by an artist(供艺术家写生或摄影的)模特儿modernm d n adj. of the present time, or of the not far distant past; not ancient 现代的；近代的momentm um nt n. 1 a very short period of time 片刻；瞬间2 a particular point in time 某个特定时刻3(常用单数)the right time for doing something适当的时刻the moment (that): just as soon as; at ex

433、actly the time when 一就；正当的一刹那间just a moment 等一会儿Mondaym ndi n. the second day of any week; the day after Sunday 星期一moneym ni n. 1 coins or paper notes with their value printed on them, given and taken in buying and selling 货币（硬币和纸币）2 wealth 财富moneylenderm nilend n. 放债者monitorm nit n. a pupil chosen

434、to help the teacher in various ways （学生中的）班长；级长monsieurm sj n. (法)先生monkeym ki n. a small tree-climbing animal, with a long tail, and part of the class of animals most like man 猴子monthm n n. any of the 12 named divisions of the year 月，一个月的时间moonmu:n n. the body which moves round the earth once every

435、 28 days, and can beseen shining in the sky at night 月球，月亮morem : adv. (comparative of many ,much)(many, much)的比较级1 to a greater degree 更多；更 (less)2 (with once, no) (与once, no连用) again 另外；再determiner, pron. (COMPARATIVE of many, much)1 a greater number or amount (many, much的比较级) 更多的数量2 an additional

436、 number or amount 额外的数量；另外一些3 any more: any longer; now(不)再4 more and more: increasingly; (an amount) that continues to increase 越来越（甚）（反less and less）5 more or less : about; not exactly 或多或少；左右；大约6 the more: (used to show that two things get larger, or change, together) 越发；更；越越 ( the less）no more 不

437、再notany more 不再once more 再一次morningm ni n. the first part of the day, usu. until the time when the midday meal is eaten 早晨；上午mostm ust adv. (superlative of much) (much 的最高级)1 to the greatest degree最多的，最高程度地2 fml(正式)very 极，很；十分determiner, pron. (superlative of many, much) (many, much的最高级)1 the greate

438、st number or amount 最大量，最高级2 at most; not more than; if not less 至多，最多，不超过motherm n. a female parent 母；母亲motorm ut n. a machine that changes power, esp. electrical power, into movement 电动机；发动机；内燃机；马达motherlandm l nd n. 祖国mottom t u n. a short sentence or a few words taken as the guiding principle of

439、 a person, a school, etc. 箴言，座右铭；格言mountainmauntin n. a very high hill, usu. of bare or snow-covered rock 大山，山岳mountainousmauntin s adj. full of or containing mountains 多山的mournm :n v. to feel and/or show grief, esp. for the death of someone 哀痛；哀悼mousemaus n. mice a small furry animal with a long ta

440、il that lives in houses and in fields 老鼠，耗子moustachem sta: n. 小胡子mouthmau n. mouths 1 the opening on the face through which a person or animalmay take food into the body and speak or make sounds 口； 嘴；口腔2 an opening, entrance, or way out 出入口mouth-to-mouth 口对口的mouthfulmau ful n. 1 as much(food or drin

441、k) as fills the mouth 2 infml, usu. humor(非正式；常含幽默) a big long word that one finds difficulty in saying or pronouncing又长又难念的单词movemuv v. moved, moving 1 (cause to ) change place or bodily position 移动；搬动；使改变位置2 to be in movement; go, walk, run, etc., esp. in a particular way 开动，走，运行move on v. & adv.

442、to change(to something new) 转换（话题）;go away to another place or position 去别处；前进movementmu:vm nt n. 1 (can act of ) moving or of being moved; (example of) activity 活动；移动；动作2 a group of people who make united efforts for a particular purpose 运动movie mu:vi n. 电影Mr.mist also Mister(亦作Mister) n. 1 a title

443、 for a man who has no other title 先生2 a title used when addressing certain men in official position 先生（对于某些有官职者的称呼）Mrs.misiz n. a title for a married woman who has no other title（对已婚女子的称呼）太太Msmis n. a title for a woman who does not wish to call herself either “Mrs” or “Miss”女士（用于不愿被称为“太太”或“小姐”的女人姓氏前

444、）(比较：Miss, Mrs)muchm t adv. (more, most) 1 by a great degree 多；很；非常；更2 nearly; in most ways 几乎，差不多determiner pron.& n. more, most (used in questions and negatives and after so and too, but not usu. in simple statements) a great amount 许多，大量mudm d n. very wet earth in a sticky mass 泥淖，泥浆multiplym lti

445、plai v. to combine by multiplication 乘，用乘法算murderm d v. to kill illegally, and on purpose 谋杀；凶杀murderer n.musicmju:zik n. 1 the arrangement of sounds in pleasant patterns and tunes 乐曲；曲2 the art of doing this 音乐；作曲法3 a written or printed set of notes乐谱musicalmju:zikl adj. 1 of, like, or producing mu

446、sic 音乐的；音乐似的；悦耳的2 skilled in and/or fond of music 精通音乐的；爱好音乐的n. a play or film with songs and often dances 音乐喜剧；音乐片；歌舞片musicianmju:zik n n. a person who performs on a musical instrument, or who writes music 音乐家；作曲家must v. negative contraction mustnt (否定缩写形式:mustnt )1 (past usu. had to) (used to show

447、 what it is necessary for one to do, what one ought to do, or what one is forced to do) (过去通常用had to ) 必须；应当2 (past must have) to be likely or certain to(过去式用must have) 很可能；谅必；肯定会见mymai determiner (possessive form of I) (I的所有格)1 of the person who is speaking 我的2 (used as a cry of surprise or pleasur

448、e)（用来表示惊奇或愉快）myselfmaiself pron. (used as the object of a verb, or after a preposition, when the person who is speaking does the action and is the object of the action)(用作动词的宾语或介词之 后)我自己nail neil n.C (pl. nails) a thin piece of metal with a point at one end and aflat head at the other for hammering

449、into a piece ofwood, usu. to fasten the wood to something else钉；钉子fingernail指甲toenail趾甲drive/ knock in a nail 钉钉子name neim 1. n. C (pl. names)a)the word(s) that someone is called or known by 名字，姓名，名称full name全名（称） /the first name(= the given namethe middle namethe Christian name)名字;教名surname/the fam

450、ily name(= the last name)姓；姓氏a pen name笔名b)a title for someone arising from his character 辱骂之名to call someone names(=say bad or rude things about someone)辱骂某人；说某人坏话 比较：to call ones name 喊（叫）某人的名字c)(for) fame; recognition by others; reputation 名声；声望to make a name for oneselfmade ones name (=became fa

451、mous) as a painter. 以绘画出名to have a name for 以.出名2. vt. a) to give a name to (someone or something)命名，取名eg. He was named after / for(= given the same name as) his father. Note:name after (Br.E); name for (Am.E)b)to tell the name(s) of 说出.的名称eg. Can you name all the plants in the garden?c)(+as / for /

452、 to be) to choose or appoint 选择; 提名; 任命; 指派; 指定 eg. The President named him (as / to be ) Secretary of State.Weve named August 23rd for our wedding day.Name a price for car; Id like to buy it.narrow5nArU adj. 1.small from one side to the other, esp. in comparison withlength or with what is usual 狭窄的

453、2. limited; small狭小的；有限的；有范围的3.almost not enough or only just successful勉强够的；险胜的a narrow escape 死里逃生ant. wide; broadnation5neiFn n. 1. a large group of people living in one area and usu. havingan independent government 国家 (比较：country着重指疆土、国土、家园； nation着重指人民； state着重指政权、国家机器。)2.a large group of peopl

454、e with the same race and language民族；种族national 5nAFnl adj. 1.of, being, or concerning a nation国家的;全国性的（=nationwide)2. owned or controlled by the central government of acountry 国有的; 国立的; 国营的nationality 9nAF5nAlItI n. 1.membership of a person, esp. when abroad国籍2.a large group of people with the same

455、race, origin,language, etc.民族; 种族nationwide neiFn5waid adj. over a whole country; national 全国性的native 5neitIv 1. n. someone who was born in a place or lives in a place all timeor has lived in a place a long time 本地人；本国人；当地人2. adj. a) belonging to or being the place of ones birth属于出生地的；出生地的b)(of a pe

456、rson) belonging to a country from birth（指人）土生土长的c)(+to) growing, living, produced, found, etc., in a place;not brought in from another place 本地产的；土产的ones native language = ones mother tongue 母语nature 5neitF n. 1.the whole world, esp. as something lasting and not changed bypeople自然；自然界2.quality and c

457、haracter性质；本质；本性；天性3.type; kind; sort种类to keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡by nature 生就的；天生的natural 5nAtFrl adj.1.of, concerning, or being what is or happens ordinarilyin the world自然的；天然的2.normal; usual; ordinary普遍的；平常的3. belonging to someone from birth; not learned生来的；天生的句型 a) It is natural that-从句

458、(从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即should +动词原形或省略should, 直接跟动词原形。b) It is natural for sb. to do sth.naturally adv.navy 5neivI n. 1. the organization, including ships, people, buildings, etc., whichmakes up the power of a country for war at sea. 海军2. the ships of war belonging to a country(=a countries warships)一国军舰 注意

459、 navy是集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词可用复数，也可用单数。用单数强调整体； 用复数强调“人人”。比较 army陆军; air force空军in the navy在海军（部队）join the navy参加海军navy blue深蓝色near ni 1. prep. adj. adv. not far from in distance, time, degree, quality etc.;close (to)靠近（的）；近（的）； 邻近（的）2. adj. in a close relation or association 亲近的； 近亲的ant.far辨析 1. near 与 nea

460、rby: a)nearby 通常指空间上的接近，放在名词前后均可。a nearby hospital = a hospital nearby b)near则指时间、空间、年龄、关系、程度等的“接近”。c)作副词用时，多用nearby; 如要用near，则其前通常有修饰语如 quite, very等。2. near与close：在意义上两者几乎相同，只是close比near更接近，等于very near，其后的介词搭配都用to。 但在下列词语中，两者不能互换：the near future最近的将来; the near distance近处; a closefriend密友; a close c

461、ontact 紧密的接触3near; at; by; beside: a) beside表“在.旁边” 指两者位置关系;也表“在.(人)身旁” b) by表“在.旁边” 时含有“倚、凭、靠、沿着”等意 c)near表示两者之间的距离，作“在.附近” 解 ;d)at 表示有目的地靠近 e)beside 和by表示偶然地接近,比 near表示的距离更近; by比 beside的语气更强。nearby 5nibai1. adj.& prep. near close by, a short distance away (from)附近地；近旁地2. adv. near , within a short

462、 distance附近的；近旁的注意 a) nearby作形容词表示附近的既可放在所修饰的名词前面也可放在所修饰的名词后面b) nearby作副词放在句首时,句子要倒装辨析 nearby 与 near by : nearby 是形容词，修饰名词, near by分开写，作状语，修饰动词。nearly 5nilI adv. almost; not quite or not yet completely 几乎；近乎辨析 nearly 与 almost：两者都有“几乎”、“差不多”的意思，有时可以通用,但两者有时还是有区别的。a) almost 所表达的相差程度较nearly小，有very near

463、ly的含义。b) almost 在句子中不能与not连用， 但 almost 可以与no， none， nothing，never连用， 此时不可与 nearly 通用，常可与hardly any或 scarcely any通用。c) nearly 一般用来修饰表示肯定意义的词语，不能与never, nobody, none, nothing, nowhere, no等否定意义词连用，但可与not连用，构成not nearly（=far from, much less than）,其意思是“差得远，远远不够”。d) 当句子谈的不是向某个目标发展的趋势，也不是容易衡量的东西(即修饰表示感觉或心境

464、的动词和形容词)时，不用nearly，要用almost。syn. almostneat nI:tadj.1. in good order; arranged well; showing care in appearance; tidy整洁的； 整齐的2. liking order and good arrangement; orderly 爱整洁的；有条理的3. simple and exact 简洁的； 雅致的4. clever and effective巧妙的neatly5nI:tlI adv.neatness 5nI:tnIs n.necessary 5nesIsrIadj. 1.(+t

465、o/ for) that must be had or obtained; needed必需的；必要的2. that must be; that cannot be different or avoided;determined or fixed by the nature of things必定的；必然的句型 a) It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth. （某人）做某事是必要的b) It is necessary that sb. (should) +do sth. 某人有必要做某事（从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，即(should) +动词原形。）c) if ne

466、cessary 如果有必要ant. unnecessarynecknek n. 1. the part of the body between the head and shoulders 颈；脖子2. this part of the body of an animal, used as food动物的颈部（做食用）3. the part of a garment for this part of the human body 衣领neck and neck不分上下；并驾齐驱；不分胜负；肩并肩地necklace 5neklIs n. 项链need nI:d 1. vt. to have a

467、need for; want for some useful purpose; lack; require需要2. aux. v. to have to必须3. n. a) (+of/for)a/the condition of lacking or wanting somethingnecessary or very useful缺少；缺乏；需要 b) (+for) (a ) necessaryduty; what must be done; obligation责任；义务 c) (pl.)somethingnecessary to have必需品in (good/great) need o

468、f (很)需要句型 a) There is (no) need to do sth. 有（没有）做某事的必要b) neednt have done sth.表示 过去本不必做某事(但实际上做了)用法 a)need作及物动词,作 需要解, 后面常跟名词(代词), 不定式或v-ing形式, 与普通实义动词一样，有人称，数和时态的变化,其否定形式要借助于助动词do的各种形式。其后跟v-ing形式作宾语,v-ing为主动形式,却表示被动意思, 相当于不定式的被动式, 这时v-ing 和主语之间有动宾关系(want, require也有这一用法).。b)need 作情态动词, 后面跟动词原形, 通常用于

469、否定句, 疑问句, 条件句,whether(if) 名词从句或含否定意义的肯定句中, 此时,它无人称, 数的变化, 其否定是否定其本身, 即neednt . 引导疑问句时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用neednt。needle 5nI:dl n. a long metal pin used in sewing for pulling thread, with a sharppoint at one end and a hole in the other end for the thread针; 缝针as sharp as a needle 非常敏锐neighbo(u)r5neib n.C o

470、ne of 2 or more people that are near one another邻居; 邻人neither5naiT 1. pron. (sometimes used after a Pronoun) not one and not the otherof two (有时用于代词之后)两者都不 （作主语时，句子谓语动词常用单数形式，间或可用复数形式）2. conj. (used before the first of two or more choices which are expressedby like noun phrases, verb phrases, etc.,

471、separated by nor) noteither（用于被nor分开的名词、短语或动词短语等两个以上的选择之前）既不； 也不 (neither .匼plainnor匼plain 连接句子中两个同等成分，若连接两个主语， 谓语动词与靠近它的主语人称数相一致。)3. adj. not one and not the other of 2 两者都不（修饰单数名词。Neither同所修饰的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。）4. adv. (used in answer to or in addition to an expression or sentencewith no, not, never,

472、etc.) nor; no more; also not用于回答否定句或加于否定句）也不（放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适合于另一个人或事物，句子要倒装。句型为neither + be / 助动词/情态动词 + 主语。）辨析 neither, either, both neither和 either作形容词，后修饰的名词都是单数。 both表示“两者都”， 修饰的名词是复数形式。neither.nor. 既不.也不.; 两者都不; either. or.或者. 或者. ;both. and . 两者都nephew5nefjU(:), 5nevjU(:) n. 1.the son of ones

473、 brother or sister侄儿; 外甥2.the son of ones wives or husbands brother or sister姻侄; 姻甥nervous 5n:vsadj. 1.a) excited and anxious; worried焦虑的;担忧的b) of or resulting from this kind of condition紧张的; 不安的c) (of a person)easily excited and worried(指人)神经质的; 易紧张的2. of or related to the nervous system of the bod

474、y, or to thefeelings神经系统的3.(+of)(Br. E)slightly afraid; timid(英)害羞的;胆怯的 nervously adv.nervousness n.feel nervous about/ at sth. 因某事而坐立不安make someone nervous 使人心烦；使人担忧辨析 nervous, anxious, upset： nervous指对正在发生的事情紧张、害怕；anxious指对可能发生的事情担心、焦虑； upset指对已经发生的事情（不是大的事）不安、难过。net net n. a material of strings,

475、wires, threads, etc. tied or woven together withregular equal spaces between them网；网状物a fishing net渔网cast ones net撒网network 5netw:k n. 网络系统never 5nevadv. 1. not ever; not at any time从未；未曾；决不2.not (常用于短语never so much as 和never do中以及命令句中)不；不要never mind （=Don t worry; Dont pay any attention to what has

476、 just been said）不要紧，没关系ant. always用法never作为否定副词，放在句首，句子要倒装，即用句型：Never + do/does/did/will/can + 主语+谓语动词。new njU:adj. 1.having begun or been made only a short time ago or before新的；新近的2.not used by anyone before.未用过的3.being found or becoming known only now or recently in the past.新发现的； 初为人知的4.being in

477、the stated position only a short time 新（加入）的5.different; another不同的；另一 6.fresh新鲜的new to (= just beginning to know about or do; still unfamiliar with/to) 不熟悉的；陌生的；无经验的new from (=freshly or recently arrived from)刚自.来到newly adv. a)recently新近地 b) In a new, different way以一种新方式newness n.news njU:z n. （U）n

478、ew information新闻a piece of news一条新闻，一则消息some pieces of news（= some news）几条新闻much news许多消息the latest foreign (home) news最新国际（国内）消息news desk新闻台news that-从句：从句可以是同位语或定语；若在从句中充当成分则为定语从句，否则是同位从句。newspaper 5njU:s9peip n. 1.(C) (=paper) a paper printed and sold to the public usu.daily or weekly, with news,

479、 notices, advertisements, etc. 报纸a daily newspaper每日发行的报纸a newspaper reporter(=a newspaper man/woman) 新闻记者an evening newspaper晚报 /read (a) newspaper看报2. ( C ) a company which produces one or more of these papers 报社3. (U) paper on which these have been printed印上新闻的纸a piece of newspaper一张报纸next nekst

480、1. adj. a)without anything coming before or between; nearest最近的； 下一个的2.(in time) the one after the one mentioned or after now; following;(without the) the one after this次（日，周，月，年）；明（日，年）；（不用）不次的the week after next下下星期(the) next day(=the day after)次日 (比较：the other day = on a recent day前几天) / next Sun

481、day下星期天3. adv. a)in the order, place etc., or at the time following nearest;just afterwards之后；下一步；其次 b)at the first time after thisor that下次4. prep. (= next to) in the closest place to 在近旁；在.隔壁a seat next the fire火炉旁边的座位next to 贴近；其次next time下次nicenais adj. 1.good; kind; well done or made; pleasant;

482、 pleasing友善的；做得好的；漂亮的；令人愉快的2.showing careful understanding or decision; fine; delicate需要识别力的；精美的；精细的；细微的nice to meet you (= nice meeting you)!见到您很高兴。Its nice of you to do sth. 你能做某事真好。be nice to sb.(= be good /kind to sb.)对某人好nicely adv. a)well; in good, pleasant, or skilful way很好地b)in an exact, fin

483、e, or delicate way精确地；细微地；精细地niece nI:s n. 1. the daughter of ones brother or sister（兄弟姊妹的女儿）侄女；甥女2. the daughter of ones wives or husbands brother or sister（夫或妻的兄弟姊妹的女儿）侄女；甥女night nait n. 1.C, U the dark part of each day when the sun cannot be seen夜晚；黑夜2. C, U any of various parts of this period, 夜

484、间the evening黄昏the period after bedtime深夜the period before midnight 午夜以前3.C an evening, considered as an occasion一晚（视为一场合）all night (long) (= right through the night without stopping)整夜at night (= during the night/ at the end of the day)在夜间/在一天结束时by night (= during the night)在夜间（与by day相对）have a good

485、 / bad night (=to sleep well/ badly)睡得好/不好in the night (= at some time during the night)在夜里；在夜间night after night (=regularly every night)每晚；夜夜night and day/ day and night (= all the time)日日夜夜；夜以继日from morning till night (= from dawn until dark)从早到晚地nine nain num. the number between eight and tennine

486、 times out of ten (= almost always)十次有九次；几乎都是；十之八九nineteen 5naintIn num. the number between eighteen and twentytalk, speak, etc., nineteen/ twenty/ forty to the dozen (= to talk quickly and continuously, never stopping) 哇啦哇啦地说个不停ninety5naitI num. 九十in ones nineties 在某人九十多岁时ninthnainW num. 第九nonU I.

487、adv.1.（in an answer to a statement, question, request, etc., expressingrefusal or disagreement）(在回答语中表示拒绝或不同意)不；不是2. (used for expressing great surprise) （表示极大惊讶）不会吧3. (used before an adjective to give the opposite meaning to thephrase containing the adjective)（置于形容词前表与该形容词相反之意）4.(before a Comparati

488、ve adjective) not (any)置于比较级形容词前）毫不；一点也不no more than(=only)仅仅，只不过no longer 不再(与not匼plain any longer, no more, not匼plain any more同义）5. (after or) not（在or之后）否：You may not like it, but youll haveto do itwhether or no(= whether or not you like it)你也许不喜欢，但不管你喜不喜欢，你都得做。Like it or no, youll have to do it.不

489、管你喜不喜欢，你都得做。II. adj. 1.not a; not one; not any （修饰名词，单复数均可）in）no hurry(=willing to wait; not eager)不忙；不着急no matter无论；不管no doubt无疑地no one没有人2.(in formal commands, warnings, road signs, etc., expressing whatis not allowed) 不准（用于正式的命令，警告，路牌等）No smoking! 禁止吸烟！No Parking! 禁止停车！No spiting! 禁止吐痰！No bare fe

490、et! 禁止裸足！No bicycles against this wall! 禁止把脚踏车靠墙放！3.very little; hardly any极少in no time (= very soon)不久，马上句型 a) No matter what / who/ when/where/how., +主句：表示“无论何事，无论何人，无论何时，无论何地，无论怎样”（用来引导让步状语从句）注：No matter what 和 No matter who不能引导主语从句，要用whatever和 whoever引导主语从句，表示“无论什么”，“无论谁”。Whatever和 whoever 引导让步状

491、语从句时可以和No matter what和 Nomatter who互换使用。b) no sooner.than.刚.就. 与hardly/scarcely . when同义； 用法一样：主句谓语动词用had +过去分词，从句谓语动词用一般过去时；no sooner/hardly/scarcely位于句首时，主句要倒装，即将助动词had提到主语前。noble5nUbl I. adj. 1.of high quality, esp. morally; deserving praise; worthy;unselfish 高尚的；崇高的2.admirable in appearance; gra

492、nd堂皇的；宏伟的3.of or belonging to a high social rank with a title贵族的；属于贵族的II. n. (usu. pl.) a man of the highest and most powerful social class(通常为复数)贵族nobleman/ noblewoman n.贵族noble-minded adj.心地高尚的；有高尚情操的nobody5nUbdI pron.(同no one) not anybody; no person没有人；没一人；谁也不：nobody else (= no other person)没有其他人

493、;nobody but sb. (= only sb.)只有某人注：nobody含有否定意义，用于肯定句中; 在否定句中，用anybody；作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；在反意疑问句中的陈述部分作主语时，附加疑间部分的主语用they. no one 也一样；nobody后不接of短语，接of短语时用 none. nodnCd v. to bend (ones head) forward and down, esp. to show agreement or givea greeting or sign点头(表同意, 打招呼或示意)nod ones head点头;nod ones agreeme

494、nt点头表同意ant. shakenoise nCiz n. 1.U; C an unwanted or unpleasant sound 不悦耳的声音；噪音make a noise发出响声make a great noise发出很大响声make a loud noise发出闹声make no noise 没发出声音2.U confused meaningless and continuing sound混乱，无意义，延续的声音（尤其指：公共场所的喧哗声；收音机或电话等中的杂音或静电干扰声）3.Can unmusical sound that is difficult to describe

495、or strange.杂音noisy adj.喧闹的；嘈杂的noisily 5nCizIadv.喧闹地syn. sound , voiceant. silence; quiet辨析：a) noiseless, silent, quiet, still, calm : silent 主要用于人，指“沉默的”、“不出声的”， 但不一定无活动。quiet指“安静的”、“宁静的”， 强调“安静”， 没有干扰活动。 still指“不动的”、“寂静的”， 强调“静止 的状态”，只限用于 物理上的安静，不用于心理上的安静。 calm指“镇静的”、“平静的”，主要批人“沉着镇定”，指自然“无风无浪”。 noi

496、seless指“声音很轻的”、“无声的”，常用来形容机器。b) noise, sound, voice: 三者都有“声音”的意思。noise指“噪音”、“吵闹声”， 通常指高声吵闹。 voice指“嗓音”， 指人说话或唱歌的声音。 sound指人能听到的任何声音。none nQn pron. 1. not any; no amount or part 毫无2.not any; not one (usu, of agroup of more than2. （用于三者或以上）无一； 没有一个人或物辨析 none, all.not, no one, neither: a) all.not作“并非全部

497、”解，是部分否定；none作“没有任何一个”解，是全部否定。 b)neither表示“两者都不”，none用于三者或三者以上“都不”。 c) no one = nobody通常不与of短语连用。none可以与of连用，也可不用；后接名词可以是单数， 也可以为复数；作主语时， 谓语动词可用单数或复数，在侧重表示“所有的.都不”时，多用复数，表示“其中一个也不.时”, 用单数形式。在回答how many. 提问时,否定回答用none;在回答 who提问时,否定回答用 no one.noon nU:n n. the middle of the day; 12 oclock in the daytim

498、e; midday中午;正午at noon 在中午at the noon of life在壮年时ant. midnight 午夜nor nC:conj.1.(used between the two or more choices after neither) 也不; 也没有neither.nor 匼plain 表示“既不.也不. , 可以用来连接句子中的两个同等成分(连接两个主语时,谓语动词和靠近他的主语一致即就近原则), 也可以连接两个句子(连接两个句子时,nor引导的句子要倒装);2.(used before the 2nd, 3rd, etc. choices after not)an

499、d/or not也不not. nor叡硎尽癨plain不.也不”, 后接的分句要倒装;not.nor. nor匼plain 表示“ 既不., 也不., 又不.”， 表示连 续否定几个事物.normal 5nC:ml n./adj. 1.according to what is expected, usual, or average正常(的); 常态(的)2.(of a person)developing in the expected way; without anydisorder in mind or body(指人)正常发展(的);身心正常(的)above/ below normal标准

500、以上/标准以下return to normal 恢复正常normal school 师范学校normal temperature 正常体温normal state正常状态normally adv.正常地辨析 normal, common, ordinary, general, usual: 均有 普通之意, 但又各有不同. normal 指人或物符合常态、常规；common 指符合或具有全体人或物所共有的特征；ordinary指人或物符合一般标准，并无非凡或独特之处；general指较少例外，含有“普及”，“大众化”之意；usual指符合习惯或常规制度，这种习惯可能是好习惯,也可能是恶习,但总

501、之是司空见惯的。north nC:W n. 1.(the direction of ) one of the 4 main points of the compass, whichis on the left of a person facing the rising sun. 北；北方north and south 南北各地2.(of a wind) (coming from ) this direction（指风）北方； 来自北方adv. towards the north 向北方in the north of . 在.北部（表示在.范围之内）to the north of .在.北方（表

502、示在.范围之外）on the north of .在.北面（表示在.范围之外, 又与之相邻）North of A is/lies B： 某地(A)之北有某物(B)North China华北North America 北美洲up north 到北方；在北方（比较：down south 到南方；在南方）face north(= face to the north) 朝北adj. 北方的；来自北方的northern 5nC:Tnadj.northerner n.northeast n./adj.northwest n./adj.nose nUn. 1.鼻子；鼻状物blow ones nose 擤鼻子

503、lead sb. by the nose 牵着某人鼻子走；控制某人under someones (very) nose就在某人面前; 当着某人的面2.管闲事：push ones nose into another business管闲事；干涉别人的事3.嗅觉: have a good nose 嗅觉灵敏not nCtadv. 1.表示否定, 修饰谓语动词, 放在系动词、助动词、情态动词之后 不2.用在动词think, suppose, believe, expect, hope, seem等及副词perhaps, probably等, 连接词if等和词组be afraid等之后构成省略结构,代

504、替对话双方都有明了的词、短语或句子；表肯定用so 不；不会：I think not.(= I dont think so.) 我想不会吧。I hope not.希望不会。Im afraid not.恐怕没有If not.要不然；如果不3.与all, both, every等词连用, 表示部分否定Not all匼plain(= All. not匼plain) 并不是所有的.都.(全部否定要用：None );Not both匼plain(= Both.not匼plain)并不是两个.都.(全部否定要用：Neither)Not every匼plain(=Every匼plainnot匼plain)并不

505、是每个.都.（全部否定要用Not one）not a, not any = no没有； 无Not at all.(= Youre welcome.)别客气！not .at all 根本不；一点也不not. any more 不再（指数量或次数）not . any longer不再（指时间）not.匼plain but匼plain不是.而是.(用来连接两个并列成分; 若连接两个主语时, 谓语动词同靠近的主语一致)not only .匼plainbut also匼plain不但.且.(重点在后者; 若连接两个主语时, 谓语动词同靠近的主语一致; 若连接两个句子, 前一句子要倒装)not匼plain

506、until匼plain直到.才.(No until 引导状语位于句首, 主句要倒装.)not a little (= a lot; very much)不少; 非常not a bit (= not at all; not in the least)一点也不(同not a little相反);not a few(= many) 许多note nUtn. 1. a short usu. informal letter便条; 短笺2. (Am.E. Usu. bill) a piece of paper money 钞票; 纸币3. (usu. pl. with single meaning) a

507、record or reminder in writing(复数具有单数意义)笔记to make/take a note/ notes of 作笔记notebook 5nUtbUk笔记本to take note of (= to pay attention to)注意；留心4. a remark added to a piece of writing and placed outside the mainpart of the writing (as at the side or bottom of a page, or at theend)注释；注解：notes to the text 课文

508、注释 5.a written sign fora musical sound 音符；音调nothing 5nQWINn./pron. not any thing; no thing 无事；无物；没有什么；没有东西have nothing to do with.与.没有关系(ant. have something to do with. )nothing but(= nothing except) 仅仅, 除.之外别无其它比较anything but.以外什么都.; 根本不nothing to do but do sth. else (= do nothing but sth. else) 除

509、.之外什么也没干but 后接不带to的动词不定式; 如果but前没有do任何形式, 就接带to的不定式, 如: have no choice but to do sth.别无选择只得. nothing like 没有比 .更好的nothing much 不多, 很少注: a) nothing可作主语或宾语, 但在否定句中,则一般不用 nothing作宾语, 而用 not 匼plainanything.b) nothing在反意疑问句中陈述部分作主语时, 附加疑问部分的主语用代词it, 动词用肯定形式( there be句型除外).c) nothing在句中作主语时, 谓语动词 用单数.d) 修

510、饰语应放在nothing之后。notice 5nUtIs I. n. 1. warning or information about something to happen警告; 通知put up a notice 贴出布告put a notice in the paper登报通知notice board通知栏book notices 新书介绍；出版预告2. attention 注意:take (no) notice of （不）注意，（不）理睬bring it to ones notice引起某人的注意3.a usu. short written statement of informati

511、on or directionsto the public 公告; 告示; 启示4.(often pl.) a statement of opinion, as in a newspaper, abouta new book, play, etc.; review 评价; 短评II. vt. to pay attention (to) with the eyes, other senses, or mind注意到； 认识到notice + O. + do sth. 注意到厖做过某事notice + O. + doing sth.注意到厖正在做某事;notice +O.+ v-ed 注意到厖被厖

512、;notice + that-clause注意到厖;be notice to do sth. 被注意到做某事辨析: notice指无意中的注意, 强调结果; pay attention to指有意识的行为,强调动作和过程。noun naunn. a word that is the name of a person, place, thing, quality, action,etc., can be used as the subject or object of a verb or the objectof a preposition名词November nU5vembn. the 11t

513、h month of the year十一月now nauI. adv. 1.at this time; under these conditions; at present现在; 目前2.(usu. in stories) at this time (in the past)(通常在故事中)(过去)那时; 当时3. at the time just following the present; without delay; at once即刻; 马上4. 常用于There now; now then; now, now等短语中, 用以吸引注意或表达警告, 命令等。(every) now an

514、d then/again (= at times; from time to time, occasionally)偶尔; 有时just now (= at this moment; a moment ago) 这时, 此时; 刚才, 刚刚now .匼plainnow /then (= sometimes.and sometimes)一会儿 .一会儿; 时而 .时而right now (= at once)立刻; 马上now that (= since) 既然; 因为 (用来引出原因状语从句)II. n. the present time or moment现在; 目前from now on

515、今后;从现在起up to now (= until now) 直到现在nowadays 5naudeizadv. at the present time; in these (modern) times; now(与过去比较而言)现今; 时下; 现在; 在这时代nowhere 5nUhwZadv. 1.not anywhere; (in/at/to) no place 无处; 到处都没有2.(to/at) no purpose or result 无目的; 无结果be nowhere to be found/ seen 不可能发现或看到注: nowhere含有否定意义, 放在句首时, 句子倒装

516、。number 5nQmbn.1.a member of the system used in counting and measuring数2. a written sign for one of these. 数字; 号码 (常用No. ) telephone / room/ page number电话号码/房间号码/页码Bus No. 3 (= the No. 3 bus)Room No. 205School No. 12 ;3. quantity or amount 数目; 数量: the number of.匼plain . 的数目; .的数量(作主语时, 谓语动词用单数)a num

517、ber of .(= some)一些; 若干; 许多(后接可数名词复数形式, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数)a large/ great/ big number (= a great / good many)大批; 大量ant. a small number ofto the number of匼plain(= as many as) 达到.数目; 总数为in number (= by number) 总计; 总共nurse n:sn. 1.a person, typically a woman, who is trained to take care of sick,hurt, or old

518、people, esp. as directed by a doctor in a hospital护士a doctor and nurse 一名医生和一名护士(英语中表示成双成对的一对名词, 第二个名词前的冠词可以省略)2.a woman employed to take care of a young child褓姆; 保育员nut nQt n.1. a dry fruit with a seed surrounded by a hard shell consisting of usu.2 parts 坚果; 硬壳果;2. this seed, which is eaten 果仁for n

519、uts (用于否定句) 一点也(不); 怎么也(不)a hard / tough nut难题; 难处理的情况obey v. to do what one is asked or ordered to do by someone服从; 遵守; 顺从obey the law/orders rules/ones instructions/sb.遵守法律/服从命令/遵守规则/按照说明/遵从某人obey to sb.遵从某人; 服从某人ant. breakobject I. n. 1.a thing; substance 物; 物体2.purpose; aim目的; 目标3. 宾语 no object

520、(= not a difficulty) 毫无困难; 不成问题II. v. (+ to ) to be against something or someone反对某事或某人(后接介词to)objection n. (= disapproval; opposition)不赞成; 反对ocean n. 1.(the +) U the great mass of salt water that covers most of the earth(带定冠词the)海洋2.C(often cap. As part of a name) any of the great seas into whichth

521、is mass is divided(当名称时常大写)洋oceans of (= lots of)许多occur v.1. (occurred; occurring) (esp. of unplanned events) to happen; takeplace (指未计划的事件)发生2.(often neg.) ( esp. of something not alive) to exist(常否定) (指无生命物的)存在occur to sb. 浮现于辨析: occur所指的事情, 既可以是意料中的, 也可以是意外的; happen强调事情的意外与偶然; take place通常强调事情的预

522、先安排.occurrence n.oclock adv. (of the clock的缩写).点钟 （只用于表示正点）October n. the 10th month of the year 十月of prep. 1. belonging to(表示所属关系).的2.(that is )part in relation to ( a whole or all)(after expressionof quantity)(表示数量).的3.from among (表示其中).的be of great little/some/any/no/not/much + 抽象名词(如: value, imp

523、ortance, use,significance等 ) = be +形容词(valuable, important, useful, useless,significant 等) 表示主语的特性;be of a size/ an age/ a style/ .= be the same size/ age/ style/. 表示 同一 .; of one s own 某人自已的;in spite of 尽管;be tired of .厌倦;be fond of . 喜欢;a row of .一排;a friend of mine/ my fathers我的/我父亲的一位朋友off I. ad

524、v. 1. away 离开; 离去; 脱离; 脱落drive off 开走;get off 从 .下来;take off 起飞； 脱掉be off 离开;2. aside 向旁边3. (表示中断) (电, 自来水)停了turn off 关ant. onII. prep. away from 离开(表面)Keep off the grass勿践踏草地;jump off跳离;offer v. to hold out; to give 提供; 提出; 给与n. 提供；提出；提议；报价offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb. (主语) 拿给某人某物; 给与;offer to

525、do sth. ( 主语)提出做某事offer sb. a lift home 让某人搭车回家office n. 1.a place where business is done 办事处；事务所；营业所2.a place where written work is done in connection with a business)办公室；办事处；3. a place where a service is provided 服务处4.a government department (通常大写）政府的部、局、处5.employment and special duties 职务; 职责6. a

526、 position of some importance, esp. in government高级职位be fit for ones office胜任职务;take office 就职;work in an office当职员;an office girl女职员an office boy勤杂工office hours办公时间; 营业时间; 门诊时间officer n.1.a person in a position of command in the armed forces军官2. A person who holds a position of some importance, esp.

527、 ingovernment, a business, or a group（政府，企业或团体中）高级官员；高级职员3.a policeman警察official I. n. a person who works in government, esp. one whose job isless import than that of a government officer.文职官员；公务员（指其职务较government officer次要的）II. adj. of or about a position of trust, power, and responsibility官方的；正式的of

528、ten adv. 1.(at) many times 多次地； 时常地2. In many cases在许多情况下用法 1. 一般位于be动词之后, 或第一个助动词之后, 或行为动词之前2. 多与一般现地时连用.辨析 always, often, usually: always ( = at all times)作 总是讲, 含有 毫无例外之意; often指桑骂槐经常性 的动作; usually 也可指 经常 的动作, 但侧重从已形成 习惯 的角度来说明动作.ant. seldomoh interj. （expressing surprise, fear, etc.）(表示惊讶, 恐惧等)啊

529、; 哦; 哎呀oil n. any of several types of fatty liquid ( from animals, plants, or underthe ground) used for buring, for making machines run easily, also forcooking 油burn the midnight oil (= stay up late at night to read or study)读书至深夜; 开夜车; 挑灯夜读O.K./ okay adj. 1. all right; satisfactorily顺利地； 令人满意地2. al

530、l right; agreed; yes 好的；可以 （用于征询寻建议的意见，或表示同意，或表示许可）old adj.1. advanced in age; of age(年纪）大的；年岁的2. having lived or existed for a long time or long enough to show signsof age.年老的；旧的； 古老的the old/young/poor/sick 老人/年轻人/穷人/病人（the +adj. 相当于名词，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。）the older of the two men 两个人中年纪较大的那个（the+比较级：表示

531、两者中最高级，意为“两者中最/较.的那一个”）;a boy of 5/ a five-year-old boy/ a boy five years old 一个五岁的男孩;辨析 older 与 elder: older表示年龄较大的, 用于比较两者之间年龄, 可与than连用; 还可以表示事物年代的久远; elder表示年长的, 用于比较两个人的长幼, 表示兄弟姐妹关系, 不与than连用elder brother/ sister哥哥/姐姐on I. prep. 1. (so as to be)touching ( a surface) 在.上2. during; at the time of

532、 在.时候; 在从事.中3.about 关于4. by means of靠5.to; towards; in the direction of朝向;向.方向6. supported by, hanging from, or fastened to 由.支持;自.悬下; 绑于.上7.very near非常近8.along ( esp. a long or flat surface)沿着9. on the occasion of or directly after在.场合; 一.就10. because of; as a result of; through因为; 由于; 依据. ; 照.11.

533、in a state of 在.情况之下12.as a member of 为.之一员13.working for; belonging to为.工作; 属于.14.by means of and /or in 以.方式II.adv. 1.in or into a state of being connected or in place(穿,戴,放.)上2. so as to be connected to the electrical supply, lit, or in use(电灯,水管等)接通3. continuously, instead of stopping进行下去; 继续下去4

534、.further更向前; 更远的5. forward向前and so on等等;on and on继续不断on board在船上on doing sth(= as soon as.)一.就.on ones own独立地, 独自地on ones/the way (to)在去.的路上, 即将. on the point of.正要.的时候on the/an open fire在篝火上on time准时, 按时on the top of在.上面on average平均; on foot步行on holiday/vacation休假, 度假on fire着火, 失火on the air(用无线电, 电

535、视)播送on the radio通过收音机on show展览, 陈列on strike罢工on guard站岗on duty值班talk on the telephone在电话里交谈on business出差;once I. adv. / n. 1.one time; on one occasion一次; 一回2. some time ago; formerly 从前; 曾经; 一度II. conj. from the moment that.一旦.就.(接时间状语从句,与as soonas相反, 都有表示主句动作是紧接在从句的动作之后发生, 但assoon as强调时间性紧接, once则带

536、有条件意味)all at once突然at once立即, 马上once again/ more再一次, 重新once in a while偶尔, 隔些时候once upon a time从前once or twice数次,几次, 一两次one num. & adj. 1.a 一个2.a certain某一个3.some哪一4.the same同样的pron.一(个,只, .) (pl. ones)one after another一个接一个地one another(= each other)互相, 彼此one .another.一个.另一个.;one by one依次地, 一个一个地;one

537、 .the other. (用于二者之间)一个.另外. 辨析 1. a(n) 与 one: 二者都表示 一(个)的意思, 有时可以互换, 特别在表示时间、长度及重量时： in a word = in one word 概括地说， 总而言之。 但在多数情况下，它们仍然存在着一定的差异，主要在于：不定冠词意在说明“类别”， 而数词one意在强调“数目”； 在表示数目对比的场合里， 只能用数词one， 而不能用不定冠词；有些习语中，用不定冠词和用数词one意义不同.at a time每次at one time一度more than a year一年多（如一年又三个月）more than one ye

538、ar不止一年（如两年或三年）one day 有一天an hour or two = one or two hours 一、二个小时， 若干时辰a day or two = one or two days一两天one rainy day = on a rainy day在一个下雨天2. it, one, that: 三者都可用来代替前面提到过的人或物，但三者用法有别：it可代替前面提到过的同一事物，表示 “同一”； 既可以代替可数名词，也可以代替不可数名词；还可以代替上文中的某个句子或句子中的一部分；通常不加修饰语；复数形式为them; one可代替前面提到过的同类人或物， 表示 “同类”；只能

539、代替可数名词，其复数形式为ones; 其前一般带有修饰语； 其前加上定冠词则表示特指； that可代替前面提到过的同类事物，表示特指，相当于“the +名词”，其后一般带有修饰语（介词短语或定语从句），其复数形式为 those.Oneself pron. (反身代词)自己， 亲自all by oneself独自（没有别人帮助）enjoy oneself（=have a good time）自己娱乐，玩得快活teach oneself sth.自学by oneself独自地of oneself自发地，自动地；for oneself独自， 独立，自己help oneself to sth.（= t

540、ake what one want or like）随便拿或取give oneself to 献身于. only adj. having no others; in the same group; of the same quality; the best唯一的；仅有的; 最高分adv. and nothing more; and no one else只；仅仅；只是；才if only但愿(句中动词要用虚拟语气)not only .(but) also.不仅.而且.(用来连接两个平衡结构, 如果连接的是两个主语, 句子的谓语动词要采用就近原则)only a little(= not much)

541、一点点only just刚刚, 正好only too(=very)太.了, 很, 非常the only one of the + n.(pl.)+ 定语从句（定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式）注意 only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，句子要部分倒装；修饰主语时，句子不倒装。和不定式连用常构成结果状语。Onto prep. to a position or point on到.的上面jump onto / on the horse跳到马上/跳上马open adj. 1.not shut开的with open eyes张开眼睛push the door open把门推开2.not encl

542、osed开放的；空旷的be open to sb.对某人开放open fields空旷的田野3.not covered露天的；无盖的in the open air在露天，室外， 户外on an open fire 在篝火上4. ready for business（商店等）开着的；营业的vt./vi. 开， 打开， 睁开；开放；开始，开学，开幕open fire at/on (= start shooting at)开火open out (= speak more freely) 自由地说出open up 打开， 开放；开创；开辟ant. closed adj. close v.operate

543、 vt./ vi. 1.to (cause to ) work; 操作；操纵；运转2. to produce effects 生效3. to be in action实行4. to cut the body in order to set right or remove adiseased part（做）手术operate a machine操作机器operate on sb. 给某人做手术operation n.1.U a start of working; the way a thing works; a state inwhich effects can be produced运转; 运

544、用; 操作; 实施come / go into operation实施; 生效; 开始运作; 开始运转in operation实施中的; 操作中的; 正生效的2.C the cutting of the body in order to set right or removea diseased part手术perform/ give an operation on sb. for.为.病而给某人做手术need an operation需要手术opinion n. that a person thinks about something 看法; 见解have a good/ bad/ high

545、/ low opinion of (= think well/ badly of )对.印象好/坏; 对.评价高/低in ones opinion(= in ones view) 依某人见解; 据某人看来Whats your opinion about .?你对.的看法怎样?opposite adj. 1.as different as possible from相反的;2. facing对面的; 相对的be opposite to在.的对面in the opposite direction 在/朝相反的方向adv. 对面; 相反or conj. 1.and not用于否定句中的并列也不 no

546、t .or.2. 表示选择还是either.or.要么.要么; 不是.就是.;whether.or. 是.还是.; 是不是.用来引导主语从句, 宾语从句或让步状语从句3.大约; 或许two or three days两三天sooner or later迟早or so(=about; at least; or more大约; 左右4.or (else) (= if not ; otherwise)否则; 要不然syn. otherwiseorange n. a type of very common round bitter-seet fruit from hot areas witha red

547、dish-yellow outside and divided into parts inside橙子; 柑子; 橙色adj. the colour of an orange橙色的order n. 1. a command or direction or something to be done, given by a personwho has the right or power to command常用复数形式命令obey the orders 服从命令give orders for .吩咐做.;2.a request (as to a tradesman) to supply good

548、s 定货; 定货单be on order已经订购place an order for sth. with sb.向某人订购某物3. the special way in which a group of people, objects, etc., arearranged in connection with each other顺序; 次序in order整齐; 按顺序in order of.以.为序in good order(= orderly adj.) 井井有条out of order出了故障4. purpose目的; 意向: in order to(+do sth) 以便; 为了in

549、 order that(+ 从句)(=so that) 以便; 为了从句的谓语动词之前要有情态动词might,can, could, may等5. the condition in which laws and rules are obeyed by most of thepeople and the government or the person(s) in charge can keepcontrol规则; 秩序v. to give an order; command命令后接that 从句, 从句谓语动词用should +动词原形, should可以省略. order 作名词后接同位语从

550、句和表语从句也一样order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事ordinary adj. not usual; common 普通的; 平常的; 平凡的in an ordinary way 用普通的方法in the ordinary way按惯例out of the ordinary(= unusual; uncommon) 不寻常的; 特殊的ordinary-looking adj. 长相一般的ordinarily adv. (= in an ordinary way; usually) 正常的, 一般地; 通常ant. special ; extraordinaryorgani

551、ze/ organise vt./vi. to form (parts ) into a whole组织, 建立; 组织起来organization n. the arrangement of parts so as to form an effective whole/ agroup of people with a special purpose, such as a club orbusiness 组织organizer n. 组织者other adj. 1.the remaining (one or ones ) of a set; what is/are left as wellas

552、 that / those mentioned剩余的, 其余的2.( +than) additional ; more as well多余的;其他的;更多的3. not the same; not this; not oneself; not ones own, etc.不同的;不是这个的;别人的;非自己的the other day every other day write on every other line pron.另一个人(物); 其余的人(物); 其他人(物): each other相互; 彼此; one.the other一个.另一个some.others. 一些.另一些.;

553、比较级+than any other +n.(单) /比较级+ than anyof the other +n.(复): 比任何.都.;the two other books = the other two books = two other books 还有两本书;辨析 other, the other, others, the others, another: other作前置定语, 修饰单数或复数名词, 表示泛指; another用于泛指三者以上的不定数目中的 另一个. 其名词前不要加冠词. the other表示两者加的 另一个 或两部分中的 另一部分. 是特指. others用作代词

554、, 泛指 其他人 或 其它物. the others指整体中除去一部分后, 剩余的全部. 表特指.otherwise adv. if not; or else 否则, 要不然 同or , or elseought aux. v. to have the moral duty (to do something); should应当; 应该(须与to 连用)ought to do sth.应该做某事oughtnt (=ought not )to do sth.不应该做某事ought to have done sth.(过去)本应该做某事(而实际上没做)(表示后悔或责备)syn. shouldour

555、 pron. belonging to uswe的所有格, 形容词性物主代词我们的ours pron. that/those belonging to us名词性物主代词(= our + n.) 我们的ourselves pron. we的反身代词我们自己by ourselves 独立地out adv. away from the inside; in or to the open air, the outside, etc.在外; 向外; 离开be worn out穿破; 累坏go out出去; 熄灭find a way out 找到出路tire out使精疲力竭put out(使)熄灭tu

556、rn out熄灭work out算出; 解出speak out 大声说be sold out被卖完了out of 在.外; 在外; 缺乏; 没有; 用完; 由于; 出于out of work失业out of ones reach够不着out of breath 上气不接下气outdoors adv. in the open air在户外; 在野外outdoor adj. existing, happening, done, or used in the open air户外的; 室外的ant. indooroutsiden. the outer part of a solid object;

557、the part that is furthest fromthe centre, or that faces away towards other people or towardsthe open air外部；外面；外表；外层adj. 1. facing the outside外部的2. in the open air户外的3. coming from or happening elsewhere外来的;确良发生于他处的adv. & prep. on or to the outside (of)在外面；在.外; 向外; 在.附近ant. insideover prep. 1.directl

558、y above, higher than , but not touching在.上方2. more than; to the other side of esp. going up and then downagain; from side to side 越过3.in, on, or through many or all parts of 遍及4.during; in the course of (an event or period)在.时间内;蒙古自治区在.过程中adv. 1. directly above在上2.across a distance or open space 越过,

559、 超过3. ended or finished结束; 完了all over浑身; 全身; 全部; 整个; 在整个. all over the country/world 全国/全世界over and over again 反复不断地; 再三over there在那边(指较远处)go over复习show sb. over some place 领某人走遍某地(参观)ant. under辨析 1. over, through, across: over指从一个物体的一边经上方到另一边的越过 through 指（在空间）通过一物体或洞穴的穿过 、“通过”. Across指在同一范围内从一边到另一边

560、的横过, 指平面穿过.2. over above, on: above 表示 “在.之上” , 指斜上方, 其反义词为below; over表示 “在.正上方, 垂直于.之上”, 可以有面与面的接触,也可以有一定的距离. 其反义词为under. on表示“ 在.的面上”, 强调有接触.overcoat n. C a long warm coat worn over other clothes by men and womenwhen going out esp. in cold weather 大衣, 外衣owe vt. 1. to have to pay欠债2. to have to giv

561、e负有债务; 应向某人付出3.to feel grateful to sb. for.归功于; 感激owing to(= because of) 由于; 因为. own adj. belonging to oneself自己的vt. 1.to possess something , esp. by lawful right拥有; 持有; 所有2.admit 承认 pron.自己的东西of ones own 属于某人自己的on ones own 独立地; 独自地; 亲自地owner n. C a person who owns something esp. one who possesses s

562、omething bylawful right所有人; 主人ownership n. U possession, esp. by lawful right.所有制; 所有关系ox (pl. oxen) n. C a male cow which has been made unable to breed, used forpulling vehicles and for heavy work on farms 公牛ant. cow 奶牛pack pAkv.to put (things, esp. ones belongings) into ( cases, boxes, etc.for tra

563、velling or storing捆; 扎; 打包; 包装; 打行李 n.a number of things wrapped or tied together , or put in a case, esp. for carrying on the back by a person or animal 包; 捆; 束; 行李;a pack of 一群(包、副、盒、伙、派，.);packs of 大量的; 一大堆的packet 5pAkItn.a small package; a number of small things tied or put together into a small

564、 box, case, or bag小包; 小捆; 小盒; 小袋;a packet of 一包(盒、捆, .)page peidVn. one side of a sheet of paper in a book , newspaper, etc., usu. numered页; 页码:turn to page.翻到.页;Open the book at page. 请把书翻到.页;turn the page over 翻过一页pain peinn. 1. Usuffering; great discomfort of the body or mind 疼; 疼痛: have a pain i

565、n ones head(= have a headache) 头痛; have pains all over浑身疼痛; cry with pain痛得哭起来2. C a feeling of suffering or discomfort in a particular part of the body; a feeling of annoyance or displeasure常用复数形式 劳苦; 苦心; (内心的)痛苦;No pains, no gains 不劳则无获;spare no pains不辞劳苦;be at the pain of learning 刻苦学习 同ache 反ple

566、asure 辨析pain 指肉体的、精神的痛苦； ache指连续的、局部的隐隐作痛painful 5peinfUladj. 1.causing pain痛的; 痛苦的2. hard or difficult 费力的; 艰苦的painfully adv. 反 painlesspaint peintv.1.to put paint on (a surface)粉刷; 油漆;2.to make a picture or pictures of somebody or something using paint(用颜料等)绘画;paint from nature 写生; paint in oils/w

567、ater colours画油画/画水彩画;paint the house粉刷/油漆屋子;paint sth. red/ green 把某物染成红色/绿色n. liquid colouring matter which can be put or spread on a surface to make it a certain colour油漆; 涂料; (常复数：paints)颜料:Fresh/ Wet paint!油漆未干!a peace of paint一幅绘画作品;painter 5peintn.a person who paints pictures; artist 绘画者;(油)画家

568、paintbrush n.画笔; 画刷painting 5peintINn. 油画; 水彩画 同drawing; picture 辨析 painting, drawing, picture, portrait:painting泛指油画、 水彩画等带有色彩的绘画作品。drawing泛指黑白类的绘画作品或线条画；指素描作品。picture泛指各类绘画作品、图片，亦可表示电影作品。portrait 指人物的肖像， 或人物肖像的语言描写。pair pZn. C something made up of two parts that are alike and which are joined and

569、used together一双； 一对； 一副； 一条； 一把;a pair of匼plain(后接 “物”时， 谓语动词用单数；后接 “人”时， 谓语动词则用复数。)一双， 一对：a new pair of shoes(= a pair of new shoes) 一双新鞋子；in pairs 成双地 辨析 pair, couple: 两者都含有 “双”、“对”之意； pair可以用于人或物， 指物时， 常指其中之一受损， 另一个则不能使用的物品； couple指被视为一体的， 同类的两个人或物： a couple of (= a few, several) (Am.E.) 几个palace

570、 5pAlIsn. a large grand house where a ruling king or queen officially lives/ a large , often showy building for public amusement, dancing, eating, etc.宫； 宫殿：the Childrens Palace少年宫； the Summer Palace颐和园 近 temple（以供奉神祗为主的）宫殿；寺院pale peiladj. having less than the usual amount of colour; rather white（脸色

571、）苍白的； 灰白的；（颜色）暗淡的：look / turn/ go pale 看起来苍白/变苍白；in pale苍白的；pale blue 浅蓝色 反darkpan pAnn. any of various kinds of container usu. with one long handle, used esp. in cooking.aaathey are often wide, not very deep, made of metal, and often without a cover平锅； 盘子 pancake n. 薄煎饼paper 5peipn. U material made

572、 in the form of sheets from very thin threads of wood or cloth, used for writing or printing on, coverying parcels or walls, etc.纸 ：a piece of paper (= a sheet of paper) 一张纸； a fine paper 一种优质纸Ca set of printed questions used as an examination in a particular subject试卷、a piece of writing书面作业、论文、news

573、paper报纸.paragraph5pArgrB:f n. C (pl. paragraphs) a division of a written or printed piece made up of 1 or more sentences, of which the first word is set a little inwards to the right of a new line(文章)段；节pardon 5pB:dnvt. (+for) to forgive; excuse 原谅； 宽恕: pardon sb. for (doing) sth.原谅某人做某事n. (+for)for

574、giveness 原谅； 宽恕：I beg your pardon（= Beg your pardon =Pardon）？ 常用于：作错了事表示道歉（用降调）（相当于Im sorry.）；谈话中提出导议（用升调）(相当于Im afraid I disagree with what you have just said./ Im afraid I think that what you have just said is not true/proper.)；没听清对方的话，要求重复一遍(用升调)（相当于I did not hear/ understand what you said and wo

575、uld you like to repeat it / say it again?）辨析pardon, excuse：excuse指原谅某人的小过失或疏忽。常用来客气地打断某人的话， 或引起某人的注意：Excuse me(用升调)；pardon指饶恕严重的过失，尤其指法律或道德上的过失；也可以表示原谅礼节上的疏忽（此词比较正式）。parent 5pZrntn. (often pl.常用复数) the father or mother of a person; the father and mother of a person 父亲或母亲；父母亲Paris 5pArIsn. the capita

576、l of France 巴黎park pB:kn. a large public garden in a town or city used by the public for pleasure and rest 公园v. to put or place (a car or other vehicle) for a time; to leave something in a place for a certain time停车；放置：No parking here 此处禁止停车！car park (Br.E.)/ parking lot(Am. E.) 停车场part pB:tn. 1. an

577、y of the pieces that make up a whole 部分; 部件: part of.部分.(作主语时, 谓语动词的数取决于of后的名词或代词的数); a part of .一大部分.; parts of.有些部分.; part of speech 词类; for ones part 就某人而言; 至于某人; 对某人来说; for the most part(= mostly; most of the time; in most cases)主要地; 大部分时间地; 大部分情况; in part一部分; 部分地2.a character acted by an actor

578、in a play角色：have /take a part of 扮演角色 play a part in (= have an influence on/ have an effect on)对.有影响/在.中起作用3.a share or duty in some activity分担责任；参加：take part in 参加（某项活动）v. to (cause to) separate 分手; 分别; 分开; 分裂: part from sb. 与某人分手; part with sth. 舍弃某物partly 5pB:tlIadv. 1. not completely 部分地; 不完全地2

579、. In some degree有几分地particular p5tIkjUladj. 1.worthy of notice; special; unusual值得注意的; 特别的; 不寻常的2.single and different from others; of a certain sort独特的; 某一种的3.showing (too) much care or interest in small matter考究的; 讲究的4. hard to please难以取悦的; 挑剔的5.careful and exact详尽的in particular(=especially)特别地; 尤

580、其particularly adv. especially; in a way that is special and different fromothers特别; 尤其; 与众不同地 反generally 一般地party 5pB:tIn. 1.an association of people having the same political aims, esp. as formed to try to win elections(通常要大写)政党; 党派:a political party政党;the Communist Party of China中国共产党;the Party共产党

581、;Party member党员2.a gathering of people usu. by invitation for food and amusement (宴饮性的, 娱乐性的) 聚会:have an English party举行英语晚会;give / hold a party 举行晚会/宴会;a dinner party宴会; a tea party茶话会;a garden party游园会;a birthday party 生日聚会;an evening party晚会3.a group of people doing something together团体; 一群人pass

582、pB:sv. 1.to go forward; advance向前行; 前进2.to reach and move beyond ( a person or place); (of a car or motorist) to reach and move beyond (another car); overtake 走过; 超过; 赶上3. to get or go through, across, over, or between通过; 穿过4.to move, place, or be placed (in or for a short space of time)(短时间内)移过; 掠过

583、5.to give (esp. by hand)传送6.to kick, throw, hit, etc. (esp. a ball) to a member of ones own side传; 送; 打击7.(of time) to go by; to cause time to go by(指时间)流逝; 消磨(时间)8.to succeed in (an examination)(考试)通过; 合格 反fail9. to give an official acceptance通过; 批准:pass (.) on (to.)传给 pass by从旁经过; 路过; 略过; 忽略pass s

584、b. sth.(= pass sth. to sb.)递给某人某物pass away(= die)委婉语去世; 逝世pass through (从空间内)径直经过; 穿过n.出入证; 山口; 关口; 要隘; (河流)渡口 辨析 pass, cross: pass 表示从某地, 某物或某人的旁边 经过, 也可以表示从某物内部, 或人与人, 物与物之间 穿过, 还可以表示时间或空间的 经过;cross表示从表面 “横过、越过、穿过”， 强调从一边到另一边；注意与across (介词， 副词)的区别。passage 5pAsIdVn. 1.a usual narrow way through; op

585、ening通道；走廊2.a usual short part of a speech or a piece of writing or music,considered by itself （演讲或文章的）一段；一节passenger 5pAssIndVen. a person going from one place to another in a public or private vehicle乘客； 旅客passerby9pB:s5bai (pl. passersby) n. a person who happens (by chance) to pass by a place 过客；

586、 过路人past pB:stadj.1. (of time) much earlier than the present (指时间)早就过去的2. (with the perfect tenses) (of time) a little earlier than the present; up until now or until the time of speaking（与完成时连用）（指时间）刚过去的:in (for, during , over )the past / last few days (weeks, years, etc.)在过去的几天(星期、年等)里3.finished ;

587、 ended结束的4.former以前的 prep. 1.after; beyond in time在.之后; (性上)越过：half past(= after美) seven 七点半2.farther than; up to and beyond 比.远; 越 过 n. (the +) time before the present过去: in the past在过去 (the +) what happened in time (long) before the present往事 (of a country) history; (of a person) life, actions, et

588、c., before the present time,(指国家的)历史; (指个人的)过去的生活, 行为 adv. by; to and beyond a point in time or space过; 越过(时间或空间)： walk past 走过去 go past(= go by, pass) 流逝 辨析 1.past, passed: past 用作形容词、介词、副词、名词，用作表语或状语时说明动作发生时的状态；passed是动词pass的过去式和过去分词，说明某一行为或状态的完成， 并对以后产生影响； 2.at present, in the past, in the future

589、：at present在目前； in the past在过去； in the future在将来 3. across, through, over, past: across 表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的；through表示动作是在某一空间进行的； over指从上方跨越而过； past指从某物体旁边经过path pB:Wn.1.(=pathway) （+ to）a track or way made by people walking over the ground径； 小路2.footpath人行道3. (+ through) an open space made to allow fo

590、rward movement通道4.a line along which something moves路线5.(the +)( of action, thought, living, etc.) a way途径； 方式 辨析path, road, street, way: 都有 “道路”的意思， 有时可以通用。path指未经开凿，通过践踏而自然形成的小路；road常指城市与城市之间的大路或乡村大道，在城市内部 road常与 street通用； street指城市或村镇中两旁有房屋的路， 注意：英国英语习惯说：in the road/street; 美国英语习惯说：on the road/st

591、reet； way一般指去某地的走法， 又可以泛指在途中。patient 5peiFntn. 1.a person receiving medical treatment from a doctor and / or in a hospital (住院)病人2.a person who goes to a particular doctor when he needs medical treatment患者； 病人adj. having or showing patience 忍耐的； 有耐心的：be patient with sb.对某人有耐心反impatientpatience 5peiF

592、nsn. 容忍； 耐心pattern 5pAtnn. 1.ornamental design图案，花样， 样式2.the way in which something happens or develops方式3.sample样品， 样本4.a person or thing that is an excellent example to copy模范，典型pause pC:zn. a short but noticeable break (in activity, or speech)停顿， 中止， 暂停 :give somebody pause (= to cause somebody t

593、o stop and consider carefully whathe is doing)使（某人）停下来三思v. to make a pause; stop for a short time中止， 暂停pay peivt. (paid, paid) 1.to give money for goods bought, work done , etc.付（款）：pay (.) for sth.付.的钱; 买; 赔偿2.to settle ( a bill, debt, etc.) 付清:pay off 还清债务;pay back偿还(借款等)3.to bring or give one mon

594、ey or something of value in return报酬;pay sb. for sth 为.给某人报酬4.to make or say 做; 致; 说: pay a visit to sb./some place (= visit sb./some place; call on sb./at some place) 访问; 拜访; 参观pay a call5.to give willingly给;pay attention to注意, 留心 n. money received from work工资 辨析1. pay, spend, cost, take: pay 的主语必须

595、是人: (sb) pay money for sth. / pay sb.for sth.; spend的主语必须是人: (sb.) spend money/.for/on sth./ in doing sth. 在.方面花钱或精力; cost 的主语必须是物或事: (sth.) cost sb. money/life/health/time.; take表示做某事花费多少时间, 其主语一般是 一件事 ; 有时也可以是人: It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth. 强调完成动作所花费的时间。2.pay, wage, salary, income: wage

596、 一般指工人或服务人员等体力劳动者的 工资, 工钱, 通常按时计数, 分周发给, 通常用复数, 不能被 many 或few修饰, 只能被 high, low等词修饰; salary一般指机关单位官员、职员和管理人员的确良“薪水”， 一般按年计算， 分月或半月发给; pay可译为“工资”、“薪饷”， 既可指， 也可以指， 但更多地是指军队的薪饷或津贴； income意为“收入”、“收益”， 通常指一个人收入所得的钱， 不仅限于工资， 也可以指一个国家的收入。peace pI:sn.1.a condition in which there is no war between 2 or more n

597、ations和平； 太平2 a period in which there is no war和平时期3.(the +) a state of freedom from disorder within a country, with the citizens living according to the law安宁； 治世：keep the peace维持治安； 保持宁静4.a state of agreement or friendliness among people living or working together和解；和睦: be at peace with sb. 和某人和睦相

598、处5.calmness; quietness镇定；安静：in peace安静地；平平安安地；和睦地6.freedom from anxiety or troubling thoughts平静； 安心：be at peace (= to be dead)(委婉语)去世 hold ones peace (= to remain silent although one has something to say)保持缄默 make (ones) peace with sb.(= to settle a quarrel with sb.)与某人解决纷争； 讲和peaceful 5pI:sfUladj.

599、1.quiet; untroubled和平的；安宁的；安静的 2.loving peace爱好和平的adv. peacefullypear pZn. a sweet juicy fruit, narrow at the stem end and wide at the other 梨peasant 5pezntn. a person who works on the land, esp. one who owns and lives on a small piece of land农民 辨析peasant, farmer: farmer 在英、美等国家指拥有或经营农场的人， 通常译为“农夫”或

600、“农场主”；peasant多用于发展中国家， 原指有一小块土地，并来自己耕种的“小自耕农”。pen penn. an instrument with a pointed piece of split metal fixed into a holder of wood or other material for writing with ink; fountain-pen 钢笔penny 5penIn. (pl. pennies/pence) a small copper and tin coin, 100 of which make a pound（复数为pennies美/pence英）便士p

601、eople 5pI:pln. 1.persons in general; persons other than oneself人2.all the persons forming a State 人民3.the persons in a society who do not have special rank or position平民4.a race, nation 各族；民族 注意(1)people泛指“人们”， 前面通常不加冠词， 是集体名词， 作主语时谓语动词用复数；(2)the people意思是“人民”，单数形式表示复数概念，作主语时谓语动词用复数；(3)people作“民族”、“

602、种族”解，通常用不定冠词或复数(4)a person or two只指“一两个民族”， 不是指“一 两全人”。percent p5sentn. (= per cent) one part in or for each 100 百分之一：. percent of +n 作主语时谓语动词的数依后接名词的数而定n. percentage百分率perfect 5p:fIktplete with everything needed完全的； 完备的2. without fault; excellent无瑕的；极佳的3.exact; accurate正确的； 准确的plete; unqualified（只作

603、定语）全然的，绝对;Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。the perfect tenses语法完成时adv. perfectly quite; quite well; completely 十分地； 美好地；完全的；全然地perform p5fC:mv. 1.to do; carry out (a piece of work)实行； 做2.to fulfil (a promise, order, etc.)履行；执行3.to give , act or show (a play, a part/role in a play, a piece of music, tric

604、ks, etc.)esp. before the public 表演；演（剧）；奏performance p5fC:mnsn. 表演；演出：put on/ give a performance演出performer p5fC:mn. 表演者；演奏者perhaps p5hApsadv. maybe; possibly; probably 也许； 可能 辨析perhaps, possibly, probably, maybe: 均可表示“可能”， 但有区别：perhaps常置于句首，表示“有大致一半的可能性”；maybe常置于句首，表示不能肯定，含也许如此， 也可能不是；possibly常与can

605、 , could, may, might 连用，表示可能性较小， 但仍有机会；probably表示可能性较大，可能性比maybe 和perhaps 大；是有几分根据的推测period 5piridn.1.a stretch of time with a beginning and an end, but not always of measured length 一段时间2.a particular stretch of time in the development of a person, a civilization, the earth, an illness, etc.时期；时代3.

606、a complete and repeated stretch of time fixed by the forces of nature周期4.a division of a school day; lesson 一节； 一堂： a period of time 一段时间 辨析 period, time, age: period含有“周期、时期”之意， 时间性可长可短；time指特定的时期、时代， 常用复数形式；age指有某种明确特征或以杰出人物为标志的“时代、时期”permit p5mItvt.(permitted, permitting) to allow 允许； 容许； 准许；许可：a

607、llow sb. top do sth. 允许某人做某事； allow (sbs) doing sth. 允许做某事;weather permitting 如果天气允许的话（用作状语） 辨析permit, allow, let， promise, admit: allow 日常用语，指允许某人做某事， 一反对某人做某事， 有消极的意味，侧重于听任、默许、不加阻止， 不按常规行事；permit含有积极的下面意义，多用于正式场合，指给予做某事的权利，如通过法令或正式条文“允许”做某事；allow可以和副词连用，permit 则不能；在表示客气的请求时，主语是you时应用permit, 以表示尊敬的

608、请求，若主语用I， 则应用allow的被动形式； let 指允许某人做某事， 多用于口语中，祈使句中用let, let 一般不用于被动式，在被动式里改用allow; promise 表示“答应、许诺”，用于主语答应自己要做某事； admit 表示 “认可”，作“认为下当确实、允许、承认”解，有时指在外界压力下不得不“承认”错误或事实。n. an official written statement giving one the right to do something通行证，许可证执照permission p5mIFnn. agreement 允许，许可，同意：with ones permi

609、ssion 经某人允许 without ones permission未经某人允许person 5p:snn. a human being 人 辨析human, person, people : human作名词时等于human being, 在将人与动物、神仙、鬼等到比较时常用human; person可以指man, woman 和child， 其复数形式常是people, 用persons 则强调数量的概念， 比较正式，“一个人”应该说：“a person , 一能说：“a people, 两个人则可以说“two persons或“ two people； people泛指人们， the

610、people指人民或确指的“人们”， a people和 peoples指民族， 种族；personal 5p:snladj. 1. private; individual 个人的； 私人的2.done or made directly by a particular person, not by a representative亲自的 personally 5psnlIadv. speaking for oneself only; as far as oneself is concerned 就自己而言persuade p(:)5sweidvt. 1.(+ of sth./ that-cla

611、use) to cause to feel certain; convince劝说；使相信2. (+ sb. into/ out of/ to do sth.) to cause to do something by reasoning, arguing, begging etc.说服：persuade sb. into doing sth./ persuade sb. to do sth. (成功地)说服，劝说好某人做某事try / want to persuade sb. to do sth.(= advise sb. to do sth) 试图想说服某人做某事， 表示劝说不一定成功pet

612、 petn. 1.an animal kept by a person in the home as a companion爱畜；宠物2.a person (esp. a child) or thing specially favoured above others.受宠爱的人或物3. a person who is specially loved or lovable特别受爱护的人；可爱的人photo/photograph5fUtU/5fUtgrB:f n. a picture obtained by using a camera and film sensitive to light照片：

613、take a photo/photograph/ take photos/photographs 拍照have/get ones photo taken请人给自己拍照photocopier (= photocopying machine) n.影印机photographer n.摄影师physics 5fIzIksn. a science concerned with the study of matter and natural forces (such as light, heat, movement, etc.)物理学physical 5fIzIkladj.1.of material t

614、hings物质的2.of the body; bodily身体的； 体力的：a physical examination 体格检查physical labour体力劳动physical training体育锻炼3.of the laws of nature自然规律的对mentaladv. physicallypiano pI5AnUn. a large musical instrument, placed by pressing narrow black or white bars which cause small hammers to hit wire strings 钢琴： play t

615、he piano 弹钢琴（演奏乐器，乐器名词前要带定冠词）pianistn. a person who plays the piano, esp. with skill钢琴家pick pIkv. 1.to choose挑选2. to pull or break off (part of a plant) by the stem from a tree or plant; gather 摘；捡；拾3.to steal or take from, esp. in small amounts 扒窃； 窃取： pick out选出； 认出 pick up拾起；拿起；搭乘（客人）；接收；用较少的钱买到

616、辨析pick, choose, select: choose是一般用词，通常指在所提供的对象中，凭个人的判断力或一定标准选择最满意的人或物，特别是从两者中抉择其一；select是正式用词，语气较强，指有目的地仔细认真地选择最好的，有“精选”的涵义，不能用于两者之间选择；pick 是口语用词，指按个人喜好或希望挑选中意的， 多用于有形的东西（人或物）。picnic 5pIknIk(picnicked) n. a pleasant trip in which (cold) food is taken to be eaten somewhere in the country野餐;have / go

617、for /on a picnic 举行/去野餐v. to go on or have a picnic野餐picture 5pIktFn.1.a painting or drawing 图画；画2.a photograph照片3.a representation of somebody or something made by painting, drawing, or photography图片4.a cinema film影片;picture-book图画书take picture of.给.照像 辨析picture, photo, painting, drawing, portrait:

618、 picture 含义较广,可指相片、 图片、电影片等； photo是photograph的缩写形式，仅指用照相机拍摄的相片；painting指着色的画， 如水彩画，油画等；drawing指用钢笔或铅笔画的线条画或素描；portrait指人或动物的照片，用线条或颜料画的人或动物的画，特别指面部的画，或指生动的人物描写或刻画pie pain. an often round pastry case filled with meat or fruit, baked usually in a deep dish 馅饼piece 5pI:sn. 1.part or bit of a solid subs

619、tance (complete in itself, but broken, separated, or made from a large portion)块；片；段；部分2.separate instance or example个别的事例3.single composition (in art, music, etc.)幅；张；首4.single thing out of a set件；个5.amount of work done（工作的）件：pay sb. by the piece/by hours 按件/时付给某人工资a piece of.一张（块/条/则/片）.pig pIgn.1

620、.a fat short-legged animal with a usu. curly tail and thick skin with short stiff hairs, esp. as kept on farms for food猎2.a person who eats too much , is dirty or ugly in manners, or refuses to consider others 贪吃的人; 肮脏的人;贪心的人;粗野的人;make a pig of oneself 大吃大喝pile pailn. a number of things of the same

621、kind placed on top of each other 堆: a pile of.一堆 piles of (=a lot)一大堆piles and piles of .一堆堆.vt. 1. to make a pile of堆起2.(+ with) to load, fill, or cover堆积;塞满pillow 5pIlUn. a cloth bag longer than it is wide, filled with soft material, used for supporting the head in bed 枕头pilot 5pailtn. (pl. pilots

622、) a person who flies an aircraft/plane 飞行员pin pInn. a short thin stiff piece of metal that looks like a small nail, used for fastening together pieces of cloth, paper, etc. 别针; 大头针vt. (pinned, pinning) 1. to fasten or join with a pin or pins(用别针等)别住; (用钉等)钉住2.to keep in one position使固定; 使不能动pink pIN

623、kn. / adj. (a colour that is ) pale red 粉红色(的)pioneer 5pai5nin. 1.one of the first settlers in a new or unknown land, who is later followed by others拓荒者2.(+of) a person who does something first and so prepares the way for others先锋; 首倡者:the Young Pioneer 少年先锋队pipe paipn. 1.a tube used for carrying li

624、quids and gas, often underground管子; 导管; 输送管2.a small tube with a bowl-like container at one end, used for smoking tobacco 烟斗pity 5pItIn. 1.Usensitiveness to and sorrow for the suffering or unhappiness of others怜悯; 遗憾: out of pity出于怜悯 have/take pity on sb. 怜悯某人 feel pity for sb.为某人惋惜2.a sad, unfortun

625、ate, or inconvenient state of affairs不幸的事; 可惜的事: what a pity!真遗憾! Its a pity that.是遗憾的; 真遗憾.(从句谓语动词用虚拟语气, 形式为(should )+ 原形动词, 表示惊奇、不满意等感情。)vt. to feel pity for同情place pleisn. 1.a particular part of space or position in space occupied by sb. or sth. 地方；地点；位置2.an empty space 空间3.a position which one c

626、onsiders to be of value or importance 重要的位置：take ones place 入座；站好位置；就职；代替take place发生；出现（无被动语态形式）take the place of . 代替(职务、工作)；取代in place of 代替； 取代 in the place of 在.地方in place在适当的位置；在原来的位置；保持原状a place of interest名胜vt. 1. to put or arrange in a certain position放置；排列2.to pass to a person , firm, etc.

627、, who can do the needed action发出（订单）；订（货）：place an order for sth. with sb. (see -order) 辨析happen, take place: happen 往往表示偶然性的没预料到的事情的“发生”；take place表示必然性的“发生” 或指是布置或策划好某事而后“举行”的。）put, lay, place, set: 均有“放置”之意。put为最普通用词，强调放置的动作，可用于任何场合； lay 兼有put和 place的含义，表示平放或横放； place是比 put较为正式的用词， 表示将某物放置在一定的位置；

628、 set 表示按一定的计划、要求或某一目的将某物放置在一定的地点， 比place的意义更严格。plain pleinn. a large stretch of flat land平原；旷野adj.1. clear; easy to see, hear, or understand明白的；清楚的；易了解的2.simple, ordinary, without ornament or pattern简单的；平凡的； 朴素的3.straightforward; frank坦白的；直截了当的4.not pretty or handsome不漂亮的；不美的plan plAn n. a carefully

629、 considered arrangement for carrying out some future activity计划；安排：a five-year plan 五年计划a plan for/of.的计划make a plan for匼plain制定计划vt.(planned, planning) to make a plan for sth. 计划;plan to do sth计划做某事had planned to do sth , but匼plain 原来本计划做某事的, 但.(表示过去未曾实现的愿望, 英语中动词think, hope, want, mean, expect, su

630、ppose等均有此用法)planeplein/aeroplane n. (= airplane Am.E.) a flying vehicle that is heavier than air, that has wings, and has at least one engine飞机: by plane/ by air 乘飞机plant plB:ntn.1. a living thing that has leaves and roots, and grows usu. in earth, esp. the kind smaller than trees植物2.a machine; appa

631、ratus机器; 设备3.a factory工厂vt. 1.to put plants or seeds in the ground to grow 种植2.(+ with) to supply a place with seed or growing plants 播种;培植 辨析plant, factory, works: 均可表示“工厂”. factory可指各类工厂,亦可指任何生产产品的地方; plant一般指化工、电力、机械等行业的工厂；works一般用作单数， 多指钢铁等重工业工厂。 plant, grow: plant的意思是移栽、移植已经长成秧苗的植物 grow的意思是使某种植

632、物在某地生长着或使其发展下去。plastic 5plB:stIkn. any of various light man-made materials produced chemically from oil or coal, which can be made into different shapes when soft and keep their shape when hard塑料；塑料制品adj. (of a substance) easily formed into various shapes by pressing, and able to keep the new shape

633、可塑的；塑料的plate pleitn. a flat, usu. round dish with a slightly raised edge from which food is eaten or served 盘子；碟子;on the plate在盘子里platform 5plAtfC:mn. 1.a raised floor of boards for speaker, performers, etc.台； 讲台2.a raised flat surface built along the side of the track at a railway station for trave

634、llers getting on or off a train（火车站）月台；站台play plein.1.activity for amusement only, esp. among the young 玩耍；娱乐2.the action or manner in a sport运动；竞赛3.a piece of writing to be performed in a theatre 剧本v.1.(+ with) to do things that pass the time pleasantly, esp including running and jumping; have fun玩

635、2.to amuse oneself at (a game)玩耍3.to amuse oneself by pretending to be or do something扮演4.(+on) ot plan and perform or carry out for ones own amusement or gain做；实行5.to perform扮演；演；演奏6.to take part in a sport or game 参加（运动或游戏）;play on words说俏皮话；玩文字游戏play a part/role in.在.方面起作用play the part/role of.扮演

636、.角色play with sb./sth.同某人玩; 玩某物play basketball打篮球play cards玩牌play the violin拉小提琴play a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑player 5plein. 1.a person taking part in a game or sport 运动员； 选手2.a person playing a musical instrument乐师 3.an actor演 员playground 5pleigraundn. 1.a piece of ground kept for children to play on , es

637、p. at a school运动场；游乐场2.an area favoured for amusement娱乐场playmate 5pleimeitn. (= playfellow) a companion who shares in childrens games and play玩伴；游戏伙伴pleasant 5plezntadj. 1. pleasing to the senses, feelings, or mind; enjoyable令人愉快的； 舒适的;sth. is pleasant 某事令人愉快It is pleasant for sb. to do sth.做某事使某人感觉

638、愉快2.(esp. of people) likeable; friendly可爱的；友善的 3.(of weather) fine; favourable 晴朗的adv. pleasantly近pleasedplI:zdplease plI:zv. 1.to make someone happy; give satisfaction (to) 取悦；使满足2.to choose; like 选择；喜欢interj. 1.(used to make a request polite)请（礼貌的请求）2.(used to give force to or make polite a reques

639、t for attention) 对不起（用来使请求更有力或更有礼）3.(used for turning a question into a request) 好吗？（改问为请求）4. Yes, please (= Yes , I accept and am grateful)好；谢谢你， 我接受pleased plI:zdadj. feeling or showing satisfaction or happiness高兴的； 愉快的：be pleased at (doing) sth. 因.快乐be pleased with sb/ sth对.表示满意be pleased to do s

640、omething(=be very willing to; be glad to)非常乐意做某事be pleased with oneself (= be too satisfied with what one has done) 怡然自得adj. pleasing 1.likeable; give delight令人喜欢的2.giving satisfaction 令人满意的pleasure 5pleVn. 1.Uthe state or feeling of happiness or satisfaction resulting from an experience that one li

641、kes愉快;欢愉 2.Uenjoyment; recreation 娱乐;享乐;for pleasure3.Ca cause of happiness, enjoyment, or satisfaction 愉快的事物4.enjoyment gained by doing or having something or some activity荣幸;have the pleasure of有幸.5.something that is not inconvenient and that one is pleased to do(某人)方便而乐意做的事;(Its) a/my/our pleasur

642、e别客气; 没什么;不用谢6.desire; wish愿望; 意愿;take (a) pleasure in doing sth. 对于.感到乐趣to ones pleasure 使某人高兴(满意)的是with pleasure(= willingly)愉快地; 高兴地; 十分愿意地(答应对方时的用语,4美国一般用OK, sure, certainly) 辨析pleasant, pleased, pleasing, please, pleasure: pleasant作定语时意思是令人高兴的, 令人愉快的,修饰事物, 不能修饰人; 作表语时意思是使人感到高兴(愉快),句子的主语只能是表示事物的

643、词语; 侧重客观地、总体地描述事物；pleased一般用作表语，偶而也作定语，但所修饰的名词往往是表示人的感情、态度、表情等方面的名词，指某事使人非常高兴而产笺一种结果， 作表语时意思是“高兴的”、“喜欢的”，含义glad基本相同，因此句子的主语只能是“人”，后接at ding sth, with sth，不定式或that从句；pleasing意思是“令人高兴的”、“令人满意的”， 用作表语和定语，说明某物; please是动词，可作及物动词， 表示“使高兴（满意、愉快）”， 也可作不及物动词， 表示高兴、愉快等，回答Would you like some water?等表示征求意见的问题时，

644、如同意，要说Yes, please.且用升调；pleasure是动词please的派生名词，表示“愉快、高兴、满意、喜欢”之意，多用于口语，当你帮他人受到对方感谢，你应说：Its a pleasure.或 A pleasure. 当别人请你帮忙，你乐意做时，则应说：With pleasure. 告诉他人坏消息时, 应用: It gives me no pleasure to have to tell you this. 表示 本来不愿意,但不得不的客套话, 写信时常用: I take pleasure in sending you my photo. / It gives me pleasur

645、e to send you my photo.等表达Im sending you my photo的意思, 请人吃饭可说: Will you do the pleasure of dinning with me?plenty 5plentIn. the state of having a large supply of ,esp. of the needs of life 充足; 大量;plenty of 大量的; 充足的(其后接可数名词和不可数名词均可, 用于肯定句中疑问句中通常用enough, 在否定句中用many 和much.)in plenty(= in large supply; l

646、acking nothing)供应充分; 不缺乏pron. a large quantity or number, esp. as much as or more than is/ are needed or wanted; enough 充分; 大数目; 够多plough plaun. a farming tool with a heavy cutting blade drawn by a motor vehicle or animal(s). It breaks up and turns over the earth in fields, esp. before seeds are pla

647、nted犁v. 1.to break up or turn over land with a plough 犁; 耕2.to force a way or make a track (through or across) 奋力前进3.(+ through) to make a way 费力前进pocket 5pCkItn. a small flat cloth bag sewn into or onto a garment, for keeping small articles in 衣袋poem 5pUIm n. a piece of writing, arranged in pattern

648、s of lines and of sounds, expressing in imaginative language some deep thought, feeling, or human experience 诗poet 5pUIt n. a person who writes good or serious poems 诗人point pCint n. 1.a sharp end尖2.the end 尖端3.(= decimal point) a sign used for separating a whole number from any following decimals小数

649、点4.a very small area or spot 点5.the idea contained in something said or done, which gives meaning to the whole观点; 要点: 断自助on the point of 正要.的时候 make a point 证明论点正确 to the point 正中要害; 恰到好处v. 1.(+at/ to) to hold out a finger, a stick, etc., towards someone or something in order to cause someone to loo

650、k, or to show direction or position 指; 指向2.(+at / towards) to aim, direct, or turn 瞄准3.to give added force to; stress指出; 强调:point out 说明; 指出point to 指向point at指着pole pUl n. 1.a long straight round piece of wood or metal as a support for a tent, telegraph wires, etc., or for flying a flag杆; 柱2.either

651、 of the two ends of the earths axis (地球的)极police p5lI:s n. an official body of men (and women) whose duty is to protect people and property, to make everyone obey the law, to catch criminals, etc.(集体名词, 单数形式表示复数, 作主语, 谓语动词用复数)警察policemanp5lI:smn (pl. policemen) n. a member of a police force (个体名词) 警

652、察polite p5lait adj. having or showing good manners, consideration for others, and/or correct social behaviour 有礼貌的;be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌反impolitepolitical p5lItIkl adj. of or concerning public affairs and /or the government of a country政治的politics 5pClItIks n. the art of science of government政治学;

653、政治pollute p5lU:t v. to make (air, water, soil, etc.) dangerously impure or unfit for use污染n. pollution p5lU:Fnthe action of polluting污染pool pU:l n. 1.a small area of still water in a hollow place , usu. naturally formed水坑2.a large container filled with water and built into the ground, used for swimm

654、ing, growing water plants, etc.水池poor pU adj. 1.having little money; not having and not able to get necessaries of life 无钱的; 贫穷的; 衣食不足的2.deserving or needing help or sympathy可怜的3.humble; of little value不足道的; 无价值的4.small in quantity少量的; 稀少的5.low in quality质劣的; 坏的6.lacking in spirit驯服的; 懦弱的; 卑怯的;be po

655、or at sth. (= be not good at sth.)在.不好/ 差the poor穷人(复数)popular 5pCpjUl adj. 1.favoured by many people流行的2.generally admired by great numbers of people孚众 望的3.well like, esp. by people one meets in daily life受欢迎的4.general; common; widespread普遍的；一般的;be popular with sb.受某人欢迎的population 9pCpjU5leiFnn. th

656、e number of people (or animals) living in a particular area, country, etc.人口; 人口数;have a population of .有.人口Whats the population of.? 某地的人口是多少?注 population的修饰语要用large 和small, 而不用 many和 much, 作主语时子动词谓语要用单数形式, 若将其等分, 谓语动词要依表语而定。port pC:t n. (a) harbour 港，港口position p5zIFn n. 1.C the place where someon

657、e or something is or stands, esp. in relation to other objects, places, etc. 方位；位置2.the way or manner in which someone or something is placed or moves, stands, sits, etc.(人或物的)姿态；姿势；坐立的方式3.a condition or state, esp. in relation to that of someone or something else相对状况；状态4.a particular place or rank

658、in a group名位；身分5.high rank in society, government, or business社会地位；高位6.a job, employment职业7.an opinion or judgement on a matter见解：hold / take a position 担任职务possession p5zeFn n. ownership; property财产；拥有；所有;be in possession of.拥有.;be in the possession of. 掌握.手里;take possession of.占领; 占有possible 5pCsb

659、l adj. 1.that can exist, happen, or be dome 可能的2.that may or may no be, happen, or be expected也许会(发生)3.acceptable; suitable可接受的; 适当的: as + adj./adv. + as possible/one can/could尽可能地.;It is possible for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是很可能的注possible作表语时, 主语只能是事或物, 不能是人.possibly 5pCsblI adv. 1.in accordance with

660、 what is possible可能地2.perhaps也许 possibilityn.可能;可能性n. post pUst (=mail 美) 1.the official system for carrying letters, parcels, etc., from the sender to the receiver邮政:post office( a building, office, shop, etc., which deals with the post and certain other government business for particular area)邮政局2

661、.an official place, box, etc., where stamped letters are left for sending邮局3.a job工作4.a special place of duty, esp. on guard or on watch岗位; 哨位v. 1.to take (a letter, parcel, etc.)to a post office or put into a collection box for sending邮寄; 投寄2.to send (a letter, parcel, etc.)by post邮寄postcard 5pUstk

662、B:d n. a card of a fixed size on which a message may be written and sent by post明信片postman 5pUstmn n.(= mailman美) a man employed to collect and deliver letters, parcels, etc.邮差; 邮递员pot pCt n. any of several kinds of round vessel of baked clay, metal, glass, etc., with or without a handle, cover, etc

663、., made to contain liquids or solids, esp. for cooking罐; 锅; 壶potato p5teitU n. a type of roundish root vegetable with a thin brown or yellowish skin, that is cooked and served in many different ways马铃薯; 土豆; 洋芋pound paund n. 1.a standard measure of weight equal to 454 grams(重量单位)磅 2.the standard of m

664、oney in several countries(货币单位)磅pour pC: v. 1.to flow steadily and rapidly流2.to rush together in large numbers蜂拥3.to cause (liquid or something that flows like liquid) to flow使流4.to give or send as in a flow倾泻5.to rain hard and steadily; to fall hard and steadily倾盆大雨; 倾盆而下6.fill cups of tea, coffee,

665、 etc., and serve them to others at table 倒茶咖啡等7.to supply someone with a drink from a vessel 倒; 注; 灌powder 5paud n. a kind of substance in the form of very fine dry grains 粉; 粉末power 5pau n. 1.right to govern, to give orders, or to be obeyed权力2.control over others; influence势力;影响力3.force; strength 力

666、; 力量4.force producing electricity 电力5.strength and effectiveness of armed force 军力powerful 5paufUl adj. 1.very strong; full of force强力的2.of great ability; easily producing ideas极大的 3.strong or great in degree 强的4.having a strong effect有效的； 有力的5.having much control and influence有势力的；强大的practical 5prA

667、ktIkl adj. 1.concerned with action, practice, or actual conditions and results, rather than with ideas实际的2.effective or convenient in actual use; suited to actual conditions 实用的3. sensible; clever at doing things and dealing with difficulties; concerned with facts rather than feeling or fancies老练的；

668、变通的；实际的4.taught by actual experience or practice, not by studying books 有实际经验的practice 5prAktIs n. 1.actual use or performance as compared with the idea, intention, rules, etc., on which the action is based 实行；实践2.experience; knowledge of a skill 经验；实习 3.regularly repeated performance or exercise in

669、 order to gain skill 练习：Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧put into practice实行; 实施辨析practice, drill, exercise: 均作名词,表示 练习.practice指为求得完善, 熟练而反复地做某事;drill指在老师(尤指军队中的教官)的监督下进行的严格、反复的练exercise尤指为以展智力或体力而设计的练习。practise 5prAktIs v. (=practice 美) 1.to act in accordance with (the ideas of ones religion or other fi

670、rm belief)实行； 实践2.to (force oneself to) show or use (some necessary quality in behaviour) 实施3.to do (an action) repeatedly or do exercises regularly in order to gain skill 练习；实习practise /practice doing sth练习做. praise preiz v. to speak favourable and with admiration of赞扬；表扬praise sb. for (doing) sth因

671、某事表扬某人n. 1.expression of admiration赞扬； 表扬in praise of称赞；歌颂sing high praise for 高度赞扬2.glory; worship崇拜precious 5preFs adj. 1.of great value and beauty 珍贵的2.of great value that must be not wasted宝贵的 3.greatly loved or very valuable as being dear to one珍爱的prefer prI5f: v. (preferred; preferring) to cho

672、ose (one thing or action) rather than another; like better宁可；宁愿；更喜欢;prefer doing sth./to do sth宁愿做某事;prefer (doing). to (doing).匼plain 宁愿.而不愿.;prefer to do. than do.匼plain 宁愿.而不愿.;prefer sb. to do sth.宁愿某人做某事prepare prI5pZ v. to get or make ready准备; 预备: prepare for(= get ready for)为.作准备 prepare匼plai

673、nfor匼plain使有准备; 为.准备.; be prepared for匼plain准备(有某种情况); be prepared to do准备; 打算.; prepare to do匼plain准备做. preparation 9prep5reiFn n. the act or state of preparing准备: make preparations for 为.作准备present 5preznt adj. 1.(of a person) being in the place talked of or understood 在场的; 出席的 反absent2.existing o

674、r in course of action now现在的n. 1.the time now passing现在;at present现在; 目前2.a gift礼物辨析gift, present: 两者都可作 礼物解, 常可能通用, 但gift 着重于诚意与分量, 一般指上级或同级所赠的礼物, 侧重于送礼人的诚意; present一般指同级或下级所赠的礼物, 口语中用得多.president prezIdnt n. the head of government in many modern states that do not have a king or queen 总统press pres

675、 v. to push firmly and steadily against something 压按pretend prI5tend v. to make oneself appear (to be sth., to be doing sth.), either in play or to deceive others假装; 装作:pretend (to be) + n. /adj. 假装.;pretend to do sth 假装做某事;pretend to be doing sth假装正在做某事;pretend that-从句: 假装. pretty 5prItI adj. (of a

676、 woman, a child, or a small fine thing) pleasing or nice to look at, listen to, etc; charming but not beautiful or grand漂亮的; 迷人的; 可爱的; 俊俏的同 beautifuladv. 1.in some degree; rather; quite though not completely相当; 颇2.very非常辨析 1.pretty, beautiful, handsome, lovely: 均有 美 的意思, 通常指的重点不同, 各用于不同的对象. beautifu

677、l 表示 :美丽时, 是最普遍的用法, 通常指最能产生美感的那种美, 给以人最大的满足, 是高尚的精神上的美丽, 包含喜悦感的温柔, 愉快, 爱怜, 优美等. 可以用于人, 一般用于女性, 亦可用于物, 如: face, body, flower, view, voice, poem, smell, morning, weather, music 等; pretty通常形容小孩, 青年女子, 或比较细小的东西, 含有娇小, 悦人, 精致的美的特色, 它不用于精神上的美或高尚的美, 形容物时有 娇小玲珑的意思; handsome 一般指男性美, 有 英俊, 潇洒的意思; 形容女性时, 通常指 五

678、官端正, 有男人气质; lovely通常指能引起赞美赞叹等感情的人或物, 也可以形容或描写女人的容貌; beautiful, pretty, lovely 都不用于形容男子的美, 形容男子时, 一般用 handsome, good-looking等. 2.fairly, rather, quite, pretty, very: 这几个表示程度的副词从强到弱的顺序是very rather/pretty quite fairly. 用法上的区别在于: 只有rather一词能和比较级及too连用, 但有quite better(完全康复); quite 和rather都可用在冠词前, 也可和动词连用

679、, pretty, very, fairly 则不能; quite, fairly rather, very 可放在a./an后, 但只有当名词前有形容词时, 才这样用. 只有quite一词能和一些没有程度差异的词(如: perfect, impossible, dead, wrong等)连用, 表示completely(完全地) 或absolutely(绝对的)的意思.prevent prI5vent v. 1.to keep something from happening or existing 防止; 预防2.to stop or hold back someone阻止:prevent

680、 sb./ sth. (from) doing sth = stop sb./ sth. (from) doing sth; keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事; 阻止某事发注keep sb./sth. doing sth. 使某人.某物处于某种状态price prais n. 1.an amount of money for which a thing is offered, sold, or bought价格; 价钱 ;2.that which one must lose or suffer in order to do or get somethi

681、ng one wants代价adj. priceless of very great value; of worth too great to be described or calculated无价的辨析price, cost: price 作 定价价钱价格 解, at a low/ high price 以廉价/高价; cost作 花费费用 解.pride praid n. 1. a feeling of satisfaction, delight, and pleasure in what one can do or has done, or in someone or somethin

682、g connected with oneself 自豪2.too high an opinion of oneself because of ones rank, wealth, abilities, etc.骄傲3.reasonable self-respect; proper high opinion of oneself 自尊(心)take (a) pride in匼plain(= be proud of匼plain) 以.为自豪Pride goes before a fall.骄兵必败.print prInt v. 1.to press (a mark) onto a soft sur

683、face印2.to press letters or pictures onto (paper) by using shapes covered with ink 印刷3.to make (a book, magazine, etc.) by means of pressing letters or pictures onto paper 出版n. printer印刷者n. printing印刷; 印刷术prison 5prIzn n. a large ( government) building where criminals are kept locked up as a punishme

684、nt for as long as the law has decided 监狱:be in prison坐牢out of prison出狱put sb. in prison把某人投入监狱throw/cast sb. into prison把某人投入监狱take/send sb. to prison把某人投入监狱enter/go to prison 进监狱注prison 前不用冠词.prisoner 5prIzn n. a person kept in a prison for some crime or while waiting to be tired囚犯prize 5praiz n. s

685、omething of value given to someone who is successful in a game, race, competition, game of chance, etc., or given for some deed that is admired 奖赏; 奖品:win/take /receive the first prize 获一等奖probably 5prCbblI adv. almost (but not quite) certainly 很可能; 大概 probableadj. that may be expected to happen; th

686、at a good chance of being true or correct; likely 很有可能的; 很有希望的辨析 probable, likely: likely是形容词, 也有 很可能 的意思, 大体上和probab同意, 但比probable更为多用, 在用法上也有些不同. likely之后常跟不定式(be likely to do sth.), 而probable之后通常不跟不定式. 但是在It is likely that-从句中的likely 可以用probable代替. possibleproblem 5prCblm n. a serious difficulty

687、that need attention and thought 问题; 难题; 习题:a maths problem一道数学题solve/work out a problem解出一道题no problem 没问题辨析problem, question: 都有 问题的意思, 但用法略有不同: problem通常指等待解决或决定的问题, 尤指比较困难的问题;question通常指由于对某事疑惑不解, 因而提出问题等待回答.produce pr5djU:s v. to make (something, esp. goods) from materials 制造; 生产 productn. somet

688、hing useful produced by growth or from the ground, or made in a factory产品 producern. 1.a person or company that produces goods, foods, or materials生产者; 生产商2.a person who has general control esp. of the money for a play, film, or broadcast, but who does not direct the action制作者production pr5dQkFn n.

689、1. the action of producing or making products 生产2.the act of producing a play, film, or broadcast制作3.the amount produced生产量professorpr5fes n. the title of a teacher of the highest rank in a university department教授program(me) 5prUgrAm n. 1. a complete show or performance, esp. one made up of several

690、different acts节目2.a fixed plan of a course of action; list of duties, activities, etc.规划; 计划; 项目3.a (printed) list of performers or things to be performed at a concert, a theatre, a sports competition, etc.节目单progress5prUgres n. 1.advance; journey onward; forward movement in space 前进; 行进2.continual

691、improvement or development 进步; 进展:make (much/ great/ rapid) progress (= get better/improved) in sth. 在某方面取得很大/很快进步promise 5prCmIs n. 1.a statement, which someone else has a right to believe and depend on, that one will or will not do something, give something, etc.诺言:make a promise to do sth./that-从

692、句: 许下诺言.;break a promise违约; 不守诺言;keep a promise守约; 信守诺言2.expectation or hope (esp. of success or of something good or desired)希望v. 1.to make a promise to do or give (something) or that (something ) shall be done许诺: promise sb. sth.答应某人某物 promise (sb.) to do sth.答应(某人)做某事 promise (sb.) +that-从句: 答应.2

693、.to say that (something) is certain; warn (someone) of (something)保证; 警告pronounce pr5nauns v. to make the sound of ( a letter, a word, etc.) (in a particular way)发音pronunciation pr9nQnsI5eiFn n. 1.a particular persons way of pronouncing a language, or the words of a language发音2. the way in which a w

694、ord is usually pronounced读音proper 5prCp adj. 1.right; suitable; correct正当的2.correct (for a purpose)正确的3.fine; splendid; good-looking好的; 漂亮的4.exact准确的 properlyadv. 1.suitably, correctly; sensibly适当地; 正确地2.really; actually; exactly真正地3. completely; thoroughly完全地protectpr5tekt v. (+ against/ from) to k

695、eep safe (from harm, loss, etc.), esp. by guarding or covering保护:protect.from/ against.使.勉受. 注: 较大的事情用against; 较小的事情用fromproud praud adj. 1.having or expressing a proper personal feeling of satisfaction and pleasure in something connected with oneself 自豪的; 引以为荣的:be proud of匼plain以.自豪;be proud of doi

696、ng sth.以做某事而自豪be proud to do sth.以.为荣(自豪)be proud that-从句: 以.为荣(自豪)2.having too high an opinion of oneself or a false idea of ones own importance 骄傲的; 自负的3.having the quality of self-respect and showing this in ones standards of behaviour 自尊的; 自重的prove prU:v v. 1.to give proof of; show to be true or

697、 give cause for belief in 证明2.to test (a quality or the quality of something) 试验3.to show (oneself or itself) afterwards, in the course of time or experience, etc., to be of the quality stated证实:prove (to be ) + n./ adj.(作表语) .被证明/证实是.;prove that-从句: 证明.; 证实.provide pr5vaid v. (+ for/ with) to suppl

698、y (something needed or useful)提供; 供给:provide sth. for sb.(= supply sth for sb.)为.提供.;provide sb. with sth.(= supply sb. with sth.) 供应某人某物public 5pQblIk adj. 1.of, to, by, for, or concerning people in general 公众的:2.for the use of everyone; not private 公用的3.in the sight or hearing of many people; not

699、secret or private公开的:4.known to all or to many众人皆知的; 公开的n.公民; 公众(集体名词, 作主语, 谓语动词用复数) :the public公众; 公民(作主语, 谓语动词可单可复)in public 公开地; 当众地adv. publiclypull pUl v. 1.to draw (something) along behind or after one while moving拉2.to move (someone or something )to another place by holding and drawing along,

700、 sometimes with force 拖; 拉3.to seize and draw roughly toward one, sometimes with the desire to hurt用力拉扯:pull up (使)停下来n. 1.force or effort used in moving or drawing something towards one 拉力; 牵引力2.a natural force that influences or causes movement吸引力反pushpump pQmp n. a machine, usu, with a tube and a

701、 handle, for forcing liquids, air, or gas into or out of something 泵v. to move (liquids, air, or gas) by using a pump.用泵抽punish 5pQnIF v. (+ for) to cause (someone) to suffer for (a misdeed, fault, or crime)惩罚; 处罚punishment p5QnIFmnt n. the act of punishing or condition of being punished惩罚pupil 5pjU

702、:pl n. a person, esp. a child, who is being taught学生(指小学生)pure pjU adj. 1.clean; free from dirt, dust, bacteria, or any harmful matter纯净的; 干净的; 无有害物质的2.free from evil; without sexual thoughts or experience纯洁的; 无邪的3.unmixed with any other substance纯粹的purpose 5p:ps n. 1.an intention or plan; reason fo

703、r an action目的; 意图:do sth on purpose故意做某事do sth for/with the purpose of.为.目的做某事2.use; effect; result用途; 效果; 结果3.steady determined following of an aim; willpower决心; 毅力purse p:s n. a small flattish leather or plastic bag used, esp. by women, for carrying money(女性的)钱包push pUF v. to use sudden or steady

704、pressure in order to move (someone or something) forward, away from oneself, or to a different position 推:push over推倒; (风)刮倒n. an act of pushing 推反 pullput pUt v. (putted; putting) to move, set, place, lay, or fix (someone or something) in, on, or to a stated place放置; 摆放:put.away 放好; 把.收起来put on 穿;

705、戴上; 上演put on performance演出put on weight发福; 增加体重put out扑灭; 关熄put sth. down 把某物放下; 把.记下put up 挂起; 举起; 贴(广告等)quake v. to shake or tremble震动n. an earthquake 震动，颤动，地震quantity n. amount, a large amount. 数量，大量quarrel v. dispute angrily 争吵n. an angry argument 争吵（论）quarrel with sb. about sth.quarter n. one f

706、ourth, 15 minutes 四分之一，15分钟queen n. the female ruler of a country 王后，女王question n. thing asked, matter to be talked over问题、疑问vt. to ask sb questions to find out sth, about a crime or doubt询问、审问quick adj. adv. fast, soon, clever 快、迅速地（的）敏捷的quiet adj. at rest, moving very little安静的syn. silent (adj.)qu

707、ietly, silently (adv.)quite adv. entirely; really, rather.很、十分、完全quite a few =quite a lot of quiz n. a short test 测验、小型考试race n. group of people, animals, or plants 族类、种族、人种a competition in which one tries to run, drive, etc. fastest andfinish first 竞赛、赛跑adj. racial 种族的radio n. (pl. radios) CU an ap

708、paratus to receive sound broadcast无线电、收音机。on the radio 通过无线电广播 =By using the radiorail n. one of the pair of metal bars fixed to the ground along which a trainruns, or railway 铁轨、轨道syn. railway, railroadrain n. U water falling in drops from the clouds, the fall of such drops雨，下雨vi. fall in drops of

709、water 降雨adj. rainy. raincoat 雨衣 rainfall 降雨量、一场雨raise vt, lift up, cause to rise, in crease in degree amount, price, etc升高、提高、增加rapid adj. very quick, fast, swift 迅速的、急促的adv. rapidlysyn. fast, quick, swiftant. slowrather adv. more willingly with better reason. somewhat, fairly, quite宁愿、相当rather than

710、: more than. or instead of someone or something else倒不如说，是而不是ray n. C a narrow beam of light, usu, from sun or something else光线、射线syn, sunlightread vt, get the meaning of (written or printed) speak 阅读，朗读。n. reading 读物realize vt. to know the importance of sth. to achieve sth. you want toachieve.意识到，实

711、现reach vt. get to. stretch, touch。达到，伸出，触及ready adj. prepared, willing 已预备的，愿意的get/be ready for sth. (to do sth.)real adj. actual, true. 实际的，真实的adv. Really 真正的，确实reason n. cause, motive 原因，动机adj, reasonable 有道理的，合情合理的receive vt. take (sth, offered or sent), take or let in to the mind,suffer 收到，接到，遭受

712、recent adj. done or made not long ago 最近的，近来的adv. recently. Lately, not long ago 近来，最近reception n. a particular type of welcome for someone 接待reception desk.(room)接待处（室）recognize vt. know again, accept. 认出，承认record v. set down in writing so as to keep for future use记录n. a written statement of facts,

713、 events etc. 记录，记载keep a record of 记录下recorder 收录机recover v. get better after an illness, return to normal condition恢复recover from recycle v. use again ( of objects that have been used )再循环，回收再用red adj. having the colour of blood or fire 红色的，红色reddish-brown 综红色redirect v. send sth in a different dir

714、ection.转移呼叫，更改方向n. redirectionreduce vt. make less or smaller in size. amount or price 缩减，减少refer v. phr. Refer to mention or speak about someone or somethingto look at a book, map, reference materials etc.提交，提到，参考（与to连用）refuse v. turn down, reject, say one will not give 拒绝，不愿，不肯regard vt. consider,

715、 think of 当作，视为，看待regard as: to consider (sb /sth) as being (something)regret n. vt. (regretted, regretting ) feel sorry for遗憾，抱歉regular adj. happening or doing sth very often or at a same time everyday 规则的，固定的，有规律的，整齐adv. regularlyant. irregularrelate v. to show or prove a connection between two or

716、 more things,to speak of 有关，叙述relate to 涉及，有关n. relation关联，联系，交往，亲属adj. relative 有关系的，相关的adv. relatively 相对地，比较地remark n. notice, looking at, comment 注意，评论v. notice, see, say sth. by way of comment. 注意，谈起，评论remain vi. stay, continue, be left 保持，仍是，剩下（always + adj. prep, linking verb）remember vt. cal

717、l to mind, recall, keep in mind. 想起，记得remember me to 请向致意remind vt. to make sb. remember, sth /sb that they must do or they knowbefore使人想起remind sb that 使某人想起remind sb of sth.remove vt. take away, move from a place, get rid of 移动，除去repair v. mend, fix, make up for 修理n. repair, the act of repairing s

718、th. 修理repay vt. pay back (money) 偿还，还钱repeat v. do again, say over 重复，重说adj. repeated. adv. repeatedlyreplace v. take the place of 取代reply v. to answer or to do as an answer回答, 答复(usu. reply to)syn. answerreport v. n. announce ,give a formal account of an account ofevents, experience, etc. 报告,汇报,报道n

719、. reporter 记者republic n. a state completely governed by elected representatives.共和国eg. the People s Republic of Chinarequest n. v. a polite demand for sth. require.请求syn. demand ,requirerequire v. need, ask, demand.需要,要求n. requirementrescue v. save sb./sth. from danger 营救,援救research n. ( u ) an adva

720、nced study of a subject, so as to learn newfacts or scientific laws 调查,研究n. researcher 研究人员respect v. n. honor, expression of respect, show honor for 尊敬,尊重rest n. sleep, ease after work, absence of motion, the remaining part ofsomething 1.休息,静止 2.剩余部分,其余v. sleep, relax ,stop working. 休息,歇息.take ( ha

721、ve ) a restrestaurant n. place to buy and eat a meal 饭馆result n. something that happens because of something that happens before结果,效果as a result of 作为的结果return vt. put or pay back, come back 归还,返回reuse vt. use again, recycle 重新使用,循还使用review v. look at again; look back on 复习, 回顾n. reviewer 评论家n. revi

722、sion 复习 温习revolution n. a complete overthrow of government 革命n. adj. revolutionary 革命的 革命者rewrite v. write again 重写rice n.U any of several kinds of food grain grown in wet tropical places大米 米饭rich adj. having much money, fertile abundantly supplied有钱的 富有的 丰富的ride vt. sit on a horse, bike, etc. And m

723、ake it go 骑right adj. just; correct; normal; on the side of the body that does notcontain the heart 公正的; 对的; 正常的 ; 右边的adv. properly ; correctly 正好 ; 恰恰n. the right side; morally just or lawful claim右; 右边; 权力all right: yes , good ; well in healthon the right: on the right sideright away: at once . im

724、mediatelyright now: at present without delayring v. (a bell, telephone )sound or cause to sound (钟,电话)响n. a piece of jewellery that you wear on your fighter or a circle环,戒指ring back 回电话ring off 挂断电话ring up 打电话ripe adj. (fruit or crops) fully grown and ready to eat, suitable成熟的,适宜的rise vi. go upwards

725、, increase, get up, come up 上升, 升高, 起床n. the act of growing greater or more powerful 升高,增长river n. a long natural stream of water 江,河,川road n. way or course, high way between places.路.公路.rock n. a stone or a type of stone.岩石,大石头rocket n. a vehicle used for travelling or carrying things into space火箭r

726、ole n. the way in which sb./sth. is involved in an activity, a part,character in a play or film 作用,角色roll v. move along by turning over and over 打滚,翻滚roof n. (pl. roofs) the top covering of a building屋顶,顶部room n. C a part of a house with walls separating it from the rest ofthe building 房间 , 室n. U sp

727、ace 地方, 空位, 余地make room for 给腾出地方standing room 立足之地root n. part of a plant that grows down into the soil, holds it in placeand feed it 根,起源rope n. a strong , thick line or cord. 粗绳子rose n. red, pink, white or yellow flower that grows on a bush with strongstems 玫瑰花rot v. decay, cause to go bad 腐烂, 使腐

728、烂rot away: to disappear by decay 烂掉rough adj. not smooth, not exact, not gentle 粗糙的 粗暴的round adj . shaped like a ball.圆的,圆形的.adv . in a circle, on all sides.循环地,围绕地.all round: in a circular position.四周prep. around , surrounding.围着,围绕一周.row n. a neat line ( of people or things ) a line of seats I a c

729、inema ortheatre 排robber n. a substance used to make types, gloves, bouts, etc. which is madefrom the juice of a tropical tree; a thing that you use to removepencil marks 橡胶,橡皮rubbish n. U waste stuff of no use废物,垃圾syn. garbage.rude adj. impolite, rough in manners.无礼的,粗暴的adv. rudely.粗暴地ruin vt. spoil

730、 or destroy sth. completely.毁灭,毁坏rule n. principle governing conduct, action, etc.规则,规定.vt. govern, control 统治ruler n. someone such as a king who has official power over a country,a flat narrow piece of plastic, metal etc. with straight edges.统治者, 尺子run v. move quickly on foot , control operate.奔跑,操

731、作.run away 逃走 逃脱run out of 用完running water 自来水rush v. move very quickly 冲, 奔rush hour ( 上下班) 车辆拥挤的时间Russia n. ( the name of a country ) ( 国名) 俄国, 俄罗斯adj. Russian : related to the language and people of Russia 俄国( 人 )的n. Russian 俄语sad adj. not happy, causing sorrow 难过的, 悲哀的adv. sadlysadness n.ant. ha

732、ppy; gladsafe adj. free from harm or danger 安全的; 平安的n. safety 安全 ,保险ant. dangeroussail vi. travel on water by the action of wind on sails or on a steamboat, airship 张帆而行. 航行n. sailing 航海 航行 sailor 海员 水手 水兵sale n. an act of selling 买 出售on sale 出售 vt. sell n, salesgirl salesmansalt n. (u) a white subs

733、tance found in earth and in sea water, used to preserve food 盐adj. salty 盐的 咸的 含盐的same adj. not another , just the same 同一的 同样的all the same 仍然 还是the same as 同一样sand n. (u) tiny grains of worn-down rocks 沙n.(c ) 沙摊海滩sandwich n. two pieces of bread with cheese, meat between them 三名治satisfy v. make som

734、ebody happy; please 使满意满足adj. satisfied 满意的Saturday n. the seventh day or the last day of the week , the day before Sunday 星期六sauce n. a thick cooked liquid that is served with food to gave a particular taste 酱汁，调味汁save vt. keep or rescue from harm, danger, hurt, loss, etc; store up救，援救，贮存say v. spe

735、ak, express 说，讲，表达say hello to sb. 向问好say goodbye to sb.向告别scene n. (in a play or film )any of the division; the background for the action of a play 一场，布景，场面School n. place for teaching and learning.学校，校舍after school 放学后at school在学校go to school上学school-leaver 学校毕业生scholarship奖学金science n. knowledge

736、of facts and laws based upon observation and arranged in an orderly system. 科学adj. scientific 科学的n. scientist 科学家scold vt. find fault with.责骂，斥责score n. a group of twenty record of points made in a game.二十，得分phr. scores of 许多，大量Scots adj. Scottish, from or belonging to Scotland. 苏格兰人的.scream n. & v.

737、 to let out a high ,loud noise, shout, cry out, loud high sound made with your voice.尖叫.screen n. a covered frame that hides, protects, or separates幕,荧光屏sea n. any large body of salt water, smaller than an ocean 海,海洋by sea = on a shipseaman n. a sailor on a ship or in the navy 海员,水手seamanship 航海技术se

738、al n. a large sea animal that eats fish and live in cold area 海豹seashell n. the shell of some types of sea animal 海贝,贝壳seaside n.海滨search v. try to find by looking, seek.搜查,探索.n. an act of 搜查,探索.in search of 寻找,寻求.season n. one of the four periods of year.季节seaweed n. a common plant that grows in th

739、e sea.海草,海藻.seat n. thing to sit on .座位.have a seat 坐下 take a seat 就座vt. cause or help to sit 使坐下be seated 就座 坐下second num. next after the first 第二的n. person or thing that is second 第二个(人,物) equal to 1/60 of a minute 秒 second-hand 第二手的 旧的secret adj. & n. kept from knowledge of others; known only to

740、a few, sth. kept hidden or known only to a few 秘密的; 隐蔽的, 秘密secretary n. a person with the jobs of preparing letters, keeping records, arranging meetings, etc. for another 秘书; 书记section n. one of the parts that sth. is divided into; group of people 段; 部分; 部门see vt. look at, understand, find, visit 看

741、理解 会见 看望see sb. off 为某人送行seed n. thing from which anything grows 种子seek v. look for , try to get, ask for 玩弄; 试图 ; 探寻seize vt. take hold of suddenly, grasp, take by force 夺取; 捉; 占有seldom adv. rarely, not often 很少 ; 不常sell v. exchange for money or other payment 卖 售sell out 卖完semicircle n. half a circ

742、le 半圆send v. cause to do, cause to be carried 派;派遣;发射;寄发send up 发射;把送上去send out发出;派遣send for派人去叫请senior adj. older, having a higher position or rank 高级的较高的sense n. good understanding and judgement, a feeling 感觉意识make sense 有意义sentence n. a group of words that forms a statement, command, etc.usu. con

743、tains a sub. and a verb句子n.& vt. to give a punishment to , a punishment for a criminal found guilty in court宣判判决make a sentence with 用造句Sentence sb. to death.宣判某人死刑Separate adj. apart, not joined ,not shared with another分离; 单独的; 独立的adv. separately 分离地个别地独立地vt. put apart, go apart, keep apart分开;分离;分隔

744、separatefrom 把同分开separation n. 分离隔离September n. the ninth month of the year九月serious adj. Thoughtful, grave, bad 严重的; 严肃的adv. seriouslyserve vt. work for or in 服务; 服役servant n. person employ in a household or any service仆人;佣人;服务者service n. the act of serving.服役服务set n. a group of things 一套;一副;装置;设备a

745、 set of 一套v. put ,go down , make ready 放（日，月）落准备setfree 释放seton fire 放火烧set an example 树立榜样set fire to 点火;放火;引起set off 出发;引爆set out 出发;着手set up 建立创立竖立settle v. determine, decide, arrange 决定;安排;安家n. settlement 住宅区; 部落settler 移居者settle down 安家; 落户several adj. being more than two or three but not many几

746、个;数个;个别的sew v. fasten with stitches 缝纫;缝制sex n. the activity in which a male and a female join the sexual organs to create a baby or for pleasure; female nature of a person 性; 性别shade n. slight darkness, sth. to reduce or block light 阴凉处; 树阴shadow n. darkness caused by sth.; preventing light from en

747、tering a place 阴影; 影子shake v. to move up and down or from side to side with quick repeated movements 摇动; 震动shall v. aux. ( used with I and we to express the simple future) 将要（to make a suggestion or ask a question that you want other person to decide) 好吗shame n. painful feeling of having done someth

748、ing wrong, improper, or silly; a disgrace dishonor 羞愧耻辱It s a shame that What a shame!shape n.& vt. the appearance or form of sth. that is seen 形成;形状form , take shape 造成某形; 成型share n. vt. portion, part 部分; 份use together, divide into parts 分享;分担sharp adj. having a thin edge or point of sth. that cuts

749、 things easily.( sound ) loud, short and sudden.(difference) clear and definite锋利的;尖的;清楚的;明显的shave v. to cut off hair very close to the skin , especially from the face剃; 刮( 胡须等 )sheep n. ( pl. sheep )a grass-eating farm animal that is kept for its wool and its meat 羊sheet n. a large piece of thin co

750、tton that you put on a bed to lie on. a thin flat piece of sth. such as paper, glass or metal床单;薄片;薄板shelf n. a long flat narrow board fixed to a wall for storing things on 架子shine v. send out light, glow发光; 照耀to look bright and shiny使发光(亮)ship n. & v. a large boat for carrying goods or people acros

751、s the sea. to sendor carry sth. by ship船; 轮船; 运送shirt n. garment for the upper part of a man s body (男)衬衣shock n. v. unexpected unpleasant feeling to make someone feel very surprised震动 冲击 震惊shoe n. an outer covering for a person s foot鞋shopn. a store, a place where things are sold商店vi. to visit stor

752、es to look at or buy sth.购物shop assistant 售货员shopping 购物shore n . the land along the edge of a large stretch of water岸short adj. not long ,not tall, to be insufficient短的; 矮的; 不足short wave 短波should v. aux. used as a past form of shall, used to talk about duty, obligation and similar ideas 将; 应该should

753、er n. the part of the body to which an arm or foreleg is attached肩膀shout v.& n. call or cry loudly and vigorously 呼； 喊； 叫a long call expressing anger 叫； 喊shout at 对大声叫show v. let be seen, be in sight, point out ,make clear to显露; 出现; 指示; 说明show sb. around 领某人参观show sb. out 把送出去n. display, entertainme

754、nt 展览 表演 放映on show 展出shower n. a short fall of rain, act of washing 阵雨; 淋浴shut v. close 关闭ant. Openshut up 闭嘴 ; 住口shy adj. bashful, uncomfortable in company 害羞; 胆小的adv. shylysick adj. in poor health, ill 患病的; 恶心的syn. ill ant. Healthysickness n.疾病side n. surface or line bounding a thing 边 ; 面side by

755、side 肩并肩地by the side of 在旁边sigh v. to breathe in or out to make a long sound 叹气sight n. ability to see, act of seeing 视力 thing you see 风景; 情景phr. lose one s sight 丧失视力sign n. any mark used to mean, represent sth.; gesture intended to express an idea 符号; 手势; 迹象v. make a gesture 做手势 write name on 签名n.

756、 signature 签名silence n. absence of sound or noise 寂静; 无声adj. silent 无声的; 无对话的in silence 沉默地silk n. fine thread produced by the silk worn and made into thread for sewing and into cloth 丝; 丝绸silly adj. foolish, stupid, not clever傻的; 糊涂的syn. foolish ,stupid Ant. bright, cleversilver n. a shiny, valuabl

757、e metal used to make jewelry , coins, etc.银similaradj. almost the same but not exactly the same类似的adv. similarly 类似地simple adj. easy to do or understand容易的; 朴素的adv. simply 简单地since prep. adv. conj. from then till now自从以来; 以后because, as.由于; 既然sincerely adv. in a sincere way真诚的adj. sinceresing v. make

758、 music with the voice歌唱n. singer 歌手; 歌唱家single adj. only one 单独的; 单一(个)的sink v. go down沉 落下move lower; change worse沉落; 消沉sister n. a female relative with the same parents姐妹sit v. rest on a lower part of the body; be seated 坐size n. amount of space; a thing takes up; one of a series of measures 大小; 尺

759、寸; 型号situation n. location, place, circumstances 位置; 场所; 情形skate vi. move on skates 滑冰skill n. ability gained by practice, knowledge, etc. 技能; 技巧adj. skilled 熟练的; 有技能的skin n. the covering of the body in persons, animals, fruits, etc. 皮肤; 皮skirt n. woman s or girl s garment that hangs from the waist.

760、 裙sky n. the covering over the world 天空slave n. person who is the property of another 奴隶slavery n. system of having slaves 奴隶制sleep vi. & n. rest body and mind; the natural resting state of unconsciousness of body 睡眠; 睡adj. sleepy 欲睡的; 困倦的go to sleep 入睡; 睡着slightly adv. to a slight degree, a bit , r

761、ather 少许; 一点adj. slight 轻微的; 少量的slow adj. & adv. not fast or quick behind time , not clever 慢的; 缓的; 不聪明adv. slowlyant. fast ,quicksmall adj. not large little, not important 小的; 少的; 不重要的ant. big ,largesmart adj. intelligent , quick, fashionable 灵巧; 伶俐的smell v.& n. have or use the sense of nose, to no

762、tice, examine, discover, have an unpleasant smell,; sense of smelling 闻; 嗅; 散发气味; 发出臭气; 嗅觉; 气味adj. smelly 有臭味的smile vi. show pleasure, favor, kindness by an up ward curve of the mouth 微笑n. an expression of the face for amusement, happiness微笑; 笑容smooth adj. even, like glass, silk or still water光滑的; 平

763、滑的adv. smoothly 平滑地vt. smooth 使平滑snake n. a long ,slender crawling animal without limbs 蛇snow n.& v. water frozen into white soft pieces, that fall from the sky in cold weather. ( of snow )to fall雪; 下雪so adv.( used to describe how big, tall etc. or that.)conj. (used to give the reason why something

764、happens) 那么; 如此; 非常; 因此; 所以sothat 如此以致so that 以致 以便 结果是so as to 以便 为的是so long as 只要so/as far as (表示程度 范围)就 尽 远至soap n. substance used for washing.肥皂social adj. concerning human society and its organization or quality of peoples lives.社会的 社交的socialism n. 社会主义socialist adj. n. 社会主义的(者)sock n. a piece

765、of clothing made of soft material that you wear on your foot短袜soft adj. not hard, not rough, gentle and without much force软的; 光滑的adv. softlyAnt. hard. roughsoil n. the top covering of the earth in which plants grow, gound土地; 土壤soldier n. man serving in an army.士兵 战士solid adj. n. not liquid or gas.固体

766、 固态 固体的solve v. to find or provide a way of dealing with a problem, work out, settle解决 解答some adj. certain, but not known or named, a number of, any某些; 若干; 少许; 任何一个pron. a certain number or quantity若干; 少数somebody/someone pron.某人; 有人something pron. 某事某物sometimes adv. 有时somewhere adv.某处 在某处son n. a ma

767、le child 儿子song n. something to sing歌soon adv. in a short time, early 不久; 早; 快as soon as 一就sooner or later 迟早sorry adj. feeling pity, regret , sympathy 抱歉; 遗憾sort n. kind , class , person or thing of a certain kind or quality 种类; 类别soul n. the spiritual part of a person, energy of mind or feeling 灵魂

768、; 精华; 心灵sound n. v. what is or may be heard, a sensation in the ear,; seem when heard 声音听起来soup n. liquid cooked food often containing small pieces of meat or vegetables 汤south n. adj. direction to the right as one faces the rising sun; belonging to the south part; towards the south 南;南方;南方的;在南方sout

769、hern adj. 南方的; 南部的sow v. plant or scatter seeds on a piece of ground 播种space n. unlimited room or place expending in all direction太空; 空间in space 在空间spaceship 宇宙飞船spare adj. not needed for use, free空闲的; 多余的spare timespeak v. Say words ,talk; make a speech 说话special adj. of a particular kind, not ordi

770、nary or usual.特别的 特殊的 专门的adv. speciallyspeech n. a talk, the ability to speak 讲话 演讲speed n. rate of movement; distance divided by time of travel速度speed up 加快速度spell v. to name in order to form ( a word ) 拼写spelling n. 拼写; 拼写法spend v. to give out in payment, to pass or use.渡过 花费(时间 金钱)syn. lost , tak

771、espend on sth.spend in doing sth.spirit n. a person apart from the body, ones mind or soul, ghost 精神 妖怪 精灵adj. spiritual 精神的splendid adj. brilliant, very good辉煌的壮丽的极好的adv. splendidlysplit v. divide into groups or more parts, break or tear 撕开;切开spoken adj. the form of language that you speak rather t

772、han write口语的spoon n. a thing used for eating, cooking or serving food 勺子sport n. form of amusement or a play; game 游戏;运动pl. sports 运动会have sports 进行体育活动spread v. move further apart, stretch out , scatter 伸展;开展;伸出;传播spring n. season after winter 春天春季spy n. & v. person who , in time of war, tries to g

773、et information about the enemy; to watch secretly 间谍square n. & adj. ( a figure ) with four equal sides and four equal angles 正方形的square kilometers 千米squirrel n. a small animal with a long furry tail that climbs trees and eats nuts 松鼠stage n. a particular time or state , theatre, acting 舞台 时期 阶段stai

774、r n. ( usu. pl. ) one of the series of steps for going from one level or floor to another 阶梯的一段; 楼梯; 阶梯stand v. be on one s feet 站stand for 代表; 象征standard n. adj. a level of quality , skill, or achievements, accepted as normal or usual 标准(的)stare v. to look fixedly with wide-open eyes, gaze 盯; 凝视; 盯

775、着看stare at 盯着看start v. begin , set out, begin to move 开始; 着手; 出发starve v. die from lack of food, to suffer from great hunger 饿死;挨饿starvation n.state n. a country , a condition in which a person or thing is 国家; 州 状态; 状况station n. place to stand in a regular stopping place as on a railway line 站 所 车站s

776、tay n. v. remain; live for a while 停留 暂住stay up 挺立 站住steady adj. not moving , not changing, continuous 稳固的; 平稳的adv. steadily 稳定地; 稳固地steal v. take something that doesnt belong to one 偷窃steal sth. from sb.steam n. water in the state of gas by boiling 气; 蒸汽steel n. iron in a hard strong form containin

777、g some carbon or other metals 钢steep adj. a road ,hill ,etc. that is steep slopes at high angle 险峻的; 陡峭的step n. & v. the act of putting one foot in front of the other so as to move along; to walk 脚步; 脚步声; 行走stick n. branch of a tree 杖 棍 棒v. to push(in), put into, be fixed with a sticky substance阻;粘贴

778、stick to 坚持 粘住still adj. & adv. without motion, without noise, at this or that time, yet 静止不动; 寂静; 仍然; 还stomach n. the part of the body for receiving and digesting food 胃; 腹部; 肚子stone n. solid mineral material, a piece of rock 石头stop v.& n. cease moving ,a place on a road where buses stop for passen

779、gers 停止; 阻止; 停车站stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop to do sth. 停止某事去做另一件事stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事store n. & v. place where goods are kept for sale, supply, put away for future use 商店; 供给; 积蓄storm n. a strong wind with rain, snow or thunder or lightening风暴; 狂暴天气story n. account of some happening or gro

780、up of happening.故事 小说straight adj. & adv. in a straight form or position.直的 直地strange adj. unusual and queer, not known, seen, or heard of before 奇怪的; 陌生的stranger n. 陌生人strength n. power, quality of being strong力量; 力气; 强力vt. strengthen 加强 增强strict adj. severe严格的adv. strictly 严格地be strict with 对要求严格s

781、trike v. hit, beat打; 击; 敲n. a time when no work is done because of disagreement ,as over pay or working conditions 罢工strong adj. having much force or power健壮的; 强大的; 坚固的strongly adv. 强烈的strength n. 力量strengthen vt. 增强struggle n. & v. a hard fight or bodily effort 斗争; 奋斗 to make violent movement when

782、fighting against a person or thing 斗争struggle against 同 作斗争struggle to ones feet 努力站起来studio n. a room where TV and radio programs are made and broadcast 工作室; 演播室study v. try to learn, examine carefully 学习; 研究n. effort to learn by reading or thinking, a room to study in 读书; 书房; 学习stupid adj. not cle

783、ver , not interesting 愚蠢的 无趣味的subject n. something thought about, discussed, studied, etc.科目; 学科succeed v. turn out well, have success , come next after 成功; 继续 succeed in doing something 干成功success n. 成功 successful adj. successfully adv.such adj. adv. of that kind, of the kind 这样的; 那样的; 那么pron. such

784、 a person or thing 这样的人( 事)such as 例如suck vt. to draw into the mouth by using the tongue, lips and muscles at the side of the mouth 舔食sudden adj. happening, done, etc. unexpectedly 突然的adv. suddenly 突然地suffer v. have or feel pain, grief, etc.受苦 遭受n. suffering 痛苦 苦难suffer from 遭受sugar n. a sweet subst

785、ance obtained chiefly from sugar cane or sugar beets糖suggest v. to say or write ( an idea to be considered ) to give signs of建议; 暗示suggestion n.建议suit n. set of clothes 衣服v. be suitable, be fit for 适合suitto 使合适suitable adj.合适的suitcase n. a large box with handle, used for carrying things when you tra

786、vel 手提箱; 衣箱summary n. a short statement that gives the main information about sth. 摘要; 概要summer n. the warmest season of year.夏天sunburnt adj. having skin that is red and painful for spending too much in the sun 晒黑的sun n. the brightest object in the sky 太阳Sunday n. the first day of the present week星期

787、天sunglasses n. dark glasses that you wear to protect your eyes when the sun is bright 太阳镜sunrise n. the time when the sun first appears in the morning 日出sunshine n. a word meaning the light and heat that comes from the sun 阳光; 日光sunny adj. having bright sunlight 晴朗的; 阳光充足的sunset n. the time of the d

788、ay when the sun disappears and night begins 日落supper n. an evening meal 晚餐supply n. & v. quantity ready for use, stock 供给物; 储藏量 furnish, provide , make up for 供给; 供应; 补充support v. hold up, keep up, help , provide shelter, clothing, etc. 支持; 支撑; 维持suppose v. consider as possible, think 假定 以为syn. thin

789、k feel guesssure adj. free from doubt, confident, safe 确实的; 无疑的; 一定的be sure to do something 一定做make sure 务必; 务请surface n. the outside of anything 表面table teibl n.1. 桌子；餐桌：a piece of furniture with a flat top supported by legs (辩析)to be at table 在吃饭 to be at the table 在桌子旁边. 2. 表；目录：a railway time-ta

790、ble 火车时刻表.tail teil n. the movable part growing at the back of a creatures body 尾巴tailor teil n. a person who makes clothes裁缝 at the tailors 在裁缝店take teik vt. & vi. (took, taken) 1. to hold with the hand 拿;取2. to carry to another place 拿走;带走; 带去3. 做(和名词连用, 表示与该名词意义相关的动作)4. 花费(时间) (辩析)spend “花费”，在主动语

791、态句中只能用人作主语，其宾语一般是金钱或时间名词。cost 可指花费金钱、时间、力气等，只能用事物作主语，不能用被动语态，一般用双宾语。take 与表示时间的名词连用时，主语可以是it ，也可以是人或活动。例：It took him three years to write the book. /He took three years to write the book./ The book took him three years to write；5. 吃,喝,服用6. 乘车(船)take along 随身带着；take a walk/rest 散步/休息，take an interest

792、 in 对.产生兴趣；take away 拿走；take down 取下, 记下；take off 脱掉衣服, 起飞；take out 取出 ；take food/medicine 吃食物/药 ；take the train/a boat/a bus 坐火车/船/公共汽车；take sb. back to 使某人回想起 ；take sides in 站在 . 一边 ；take up 占去, 占据, 开始, 从事某项活动；take pride in 以 . 为自豪, 对 . 感到得意；take it easy 放心好了, 别着急 ；take the place of 代替 ； 发生。(辩析)ta

793、ke place 往往强调所发生的事情事前已有安排，因此常可作“举行”。例：When willthe football match take place? happen 是普通名词，表示具体事物的发生，往往带有意外和偶然性。tale teil n. a story 故事, 传说 ；A Tale of Two Cities 双城记； a folk tale 民间故事 ；a fairy tale 童话故事能。(辩析) tale 一般指传说或幻想的故事。story 最常用，它可指口头或文字、真实或虚构的故事。talk t :k n., vt. & vi. to say something; spea

794、k to give information 谈话, 聊天, 讲话, 演讲；talk about/of 谈论, 谈到 . ；talk to 对.说 ；talk with 和.说 ；have a talk (with sb.) 和某人谈话 。tall t :l adj. having a greater than average height 高的， (同义词)high。 (辩析)tall指从某物或某人的顶端到底部的长度，反义词是short。如：a tall pole 一根高高的电杆； high指高度，强调的是从地面或某基准面向上到某点的距离，反义词是low。如: a high mountain

795、高山/ a high tower 高塔 /The shelf is too high for me to reach. 这个架子太高了，我够不着。tank t k n. a container for holding liquid 储水箱; 储水容器tap t p n. a thing which controls the flow of liquid (自来水、煤气等的)龙头tape teip n. narrow material in the form of a band 录音带tape-recording n. 录音task ta:sk n.a piece of work that mu

796、st be done 任务taste teist n. 味道quality of substances made known by putting some on the tongue; v. 尝味道; 有.味道be aware of the taste of sth.tax t ks n. the money which you pay to the government 税; 税款 v. 交税; 收税taxi t ksi n. a car which you can hire for a short journey 出租车 take a taxi乘出租车 by taxi乘出租车tea ti

797、: n.a drink made with water and the dried leaves of a plant茶;leaves of a plant for making such a drink 茶叶teach ti:t vi. & vt. (taught, taught) to show somebody how to do something 教, 讲授teacher ti:t n. a person who teaches 教员team ti:m n. a number of people who play a game together 队, 组tear ti n. a dr

798、op of salty liquid from the eye 眼泪(常用复数)tear t vt. (tore, torn) to pull apart or into pieces 撕开, 撕裂tear down 拆除, 拆毁tear open 撕开teachnical teknikl adj. having to do with some special art of skill; having to do with machines 技术的, 工艺的technique teknik n. skill 技艺telegram teligr m n. a message which is s

799、ent by telegraph 电报telegraph teligra:f n. a way of sending messages by radio or wire 电报telephone/phone telif n n. an instrument for speaking to a person who is a long way away 电话v. 打电话television/TV telivi n n. a method of showing films, shows, pictures, etc. over a distance 电视机tell tel v. (told, tol

800、d) 1. to express in words 讲述, 说; 告诉 tell lies 说谎 2. to command, to order 吩咐, 命令 tell sb. to do sth. 吩咐某人做某事temperature temprit n. how hot or cold a thing is 温度take ones temperature 给某人量体温ten ten num. the number 10 十tens of thousands 好几万tennis tenis n. a game played by two or four players with a soft

801、 ball which they hit over a net 网球tense tens 1. n. verb form showing the time of action or state (语法)时态2. adj. anxious; excited because something uncommon in going to happen 紧张的tent tent n. a shelter made of thick cloth which can be carried 帐篷term t :m n.a part of year at school, three of four month

802、s during which students attend classes 学期terrible terbl adj.1. causing great fear 可怕的2. very bad 严重的, 极坏的, 很糟的 (同义词) horribletest test v. to find out how good something is, to examine 考, 测验, 试验n. examination 考试 have a test 进行测验/试验 (辩析)test指小考或考查, examination指正式的考试text tekst n. main body of a book of

803、 printed page 课文; 文本; 课本; textbook textbook tekstbuk n. 课本; 教科书than n conj. introducing the second part of a comparison 比thank k v. to say that you are grateful 感谢n.(仅用复数)感谢 thank to 由于; 幸亏that t adj. & pron. (contrasting with this, these)那; 那个 conj. (引导名词性从句)the i: art.1. (指特定的人或物)这(那)个; 这(那)些2. (用

804、在序数词、形容词和副词的最高级之前）3. (用在某些专有名词之前)4. (用在世界上独一无二的事物前) the moment 一.就.the more . the . 越. 越. ; 愈. 愈.the Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖the Sleeping Beauty Castle 睡美人城堡the States 美国the Union 联邦the War of Indepence 独立战争the World Service 国际广播theatre/theater i t n. a building where we go to see a play 剧院; 戏院their pron. b

805、elonging to them他们/她们/它们的theirs z pron. that or those belonging to them 他们/她们/它们的them em pron. 他们/她们/它们themselves mselvz pron. 他们/她们/它们自己then en adv.1. at that time 那时; 当时now and then有时; 不时2. after that 然后; 后来; 接着3. 那么there adv. 1. in or to that place; not here 在那儿; 往那儿2. (作引导词)表示“存在”therefore f : a

806、dv. and so, because of that 所以；因此these i:z adj. & pron. 这些they ei pron. subject form, pl. of he, she , it 他们thick ik adj. 1. some distance from one side to the other; not thin 厚的;2. heavy, with parts close together 浓重的; 密集的 (反义词) thinthief i:f (pl. thieves) n. a person who steals 小偷; 窃贼thin in adj.

807、1. not thick 薄的; 细的2. not fat 瘦的3. not thick, with parts not close together 稀淡的; 稀疏的thing i n.1. any object, when you do not know or use its name 东西2. (pl.) ( 个人的)物品; 用品3. affair 事件; 事情think i k (thought, thought) v. 1. to use the mind 想; 思索2. to believe that something is probably true 料想; 以为3. to h

808、ave opinion 认为 think about 考虑(是否去做) think of 想起 thinkingn. 思索; 见解; 想法third :d num. next after the second 第三thirsty :sti adj. wanting to drink 渴thirteen :ti:n num. the number 13 十三thirty :ti num. the number 30 三十this is adj. & pron. the one here 这; 这个those uz adj. & pron. 那些though u conj. in spite of

809、 the fact that; although 虽然; 尽管thought :t n. the act or way of thinking; an idea or opinion 想法; 思想thousand aus nd num. the number 1000 一千thousands of 成千上万的thread red n. very thin string made of cotton, silk or wool used with a needle 线; 棉线; 丝线; 毛线three ri: num. the number 3 三through ru: prep. 1. fro

810、m one side to the other (指空间)穿过; 通过2. from beginning to end (指时间)从头到尾3. because of 由于; 因为adv. 1. the way to some place 到底2. from one end or side to the other 通过; 穿过throughout ru(:)aut prep. right through; through or in every part 从头到尾; 自始至终prep. through or in every part of 遍及; 贯穿throw ru: (threw, th

811、rown) v. to send through the air 投, 掷, 抛, 扔throw at 向.扔去throw away 扔掉throw up吐出(食物); 呕吐Thursday :zdi n. the fifth day of the week 星期四thus s adv. in this way; in the same way; so 如此; 这样; 因而ticket tikit n. a small piece of paper which shows that you have paid for something 票; 券tidy taidi adj. neat; cl

812、ean; with everything in the right place 整洁的; 整齐的tie tai n. a long piece of cloth with which men wear round the neck with a shirt 领带v. to make a knot, to fix with rope or string (用带、绳、线等）系, 拴, 扎, 缚tiger taig n. a fierce wild animal like a large cat 虎tight tait adj. & adv. not loose; fixed well; fitti

813、ng closely 紧的; 牢固的; 紧贴的 (反义词) loosetill til prep. up to 直到.为止conj. up to the time when 直到.为止 (till基本上与until相同, 但句首一般不用till, 而用until)time taim n. 1.时间; 一段时间; 2.时期; 3. 时刻; 钟点 4. 次; 回v. 测定. 的时间; 记录.的时间all the time 一直; 始终at the same time 同时at a time 每次; 一次at one time 以前; 曾经from time to 间或; 时常have a good

814、 time 玩得很高兴; 过得很愉快in time 及时on time 准时time and time again 多次; 不断地in modern times 现代; 近代tin tin n. 1. a white metal 锡2. a container made of this metal to preserve food (保藏食物的)罐头tiny taini adj. very small 很小的tip tip n. 1. a small amount of money you give to a waiter, porter, etc. 小费2. the end of somet

815、hing 梢; 末端;尖端v. give tip to sb. 给小费tire tai v.make or become weary, in need of rest, or uninterested 使疲劳tired tai d adj.1. in need of rest 疲乏的2. having had too much of 厌倦的title taitl n. the name of a book, painting, etc 标题; 题目to tu:, tu, prep. 1. in the direction of; towards 向; 到2. 表比较间接关系3. (表示钟点)在

816、.之前to ones astonishment 令某人吃惊的是to ones surprise 令某人惊奇的是to ones delight 令某人高兴的是to the point 中肯; 扼要tobacco t ba:k n. the dried leaves of a plant which people smoke in pipes and cigarettes 烟草; 烟叶today t dei adv. & n. this day 今天together t ge adv. in the same place ; in company with 共同; 一起toilet t ilit

817、n. a place where there is a lavatory and a place to wash 盥洗室; 厕所tomato t ma:t u n. (pl. tomatoes) a kind of soft, round, red fruit 西红柿tomorrow t m r u adv. & n. the day after today 明天ton t n n. a large measure of weight (重量单位)吨tongue t n. the part of the mouth which helps you eat, speak and taste 舌头

818、; 舌 mother tongue 母语too tu: adv. 1. also; as well 也, 还2. more than enough 太, 过于too to 太. 以致于不能tool tu:l n. any instrument such as an axe, hammer, etc. which is held in the hands 工具tooth tu: n. (pl. teeth) one of the white things in the mouth with which we bite our food 牙齿top t p n. the highest part

819、or point 顶部, 最高处adj. highest 顶上的; 最高的 on top of 在.的上面total t utl adj. complete, whole 总的; 完全的; 整个的n. complete amount 总数touch t t v. 1. to leave no space between; to put ones hand, fingers, etc. on or against something 碰到, 接触; 触摸2. reach 够着n. the action of touching 接触; 触摸keep in touch with 与.保持联系tour

820、 tu n. a journey to visit many different places 游览; 观光v. to travel around to see a city , country, etc. 游览; 观光 (辩析)journey: 指长时间长距离的陆地旅行，有时指海、空旅行。例：We are going to make a long journey to Xinjiang. 我们打算长途旅行到新疆去。travel: 指到远方去或长期旅行，多用复数。它和journey 不同之处在于，它没有直接向某处去的含义。例：Is he back from his travel yet? 他旅

821、行回来了吗？trip: 着重为公出差或旅游的短途旅行，在日常用语中，常与journey 互换使用。例：He is going on a trip. 他要外出旅游。tour 指为考察、观光等巡回各地的旅行。例：a tour around Europe 环游欧洲toward(s) t w :d(z) prep. in the direction of 向; 朝tower tau n. a very tall building or part of a building 钟楼; 塔town taun n. an area where a lot of people live, not the cou

822、ntry 镇; 城镇toy tau n. a thing for children to play with 玩具track tr k n. 1. a line of marks left by a person, thing or animal 踪迹2. a path or road 小径, 路, 轨道tractor tr kt n. a motor vehicle used for pulling farm machines 拖拉机trade treid n. 1. buying and selling things 商业; 贸易; 生意; 交易2. a job for which som

823、e training is needed 行业; 手艺; 工作v. buy and sell; engage in trade 交易; 经商 (辩析)business 日常用语，含义较广，泛指“做生意”，常有以利润为主的含义，例：What business are you in? trade 最普通的用词，一般不同的商业机构之间的商品交易或表示各种特殊商品的贸易和对外贸易。例：Japan does a lot of trade with China.traffic tr fik n. cars, buses, etc. moving in the roads 交通train trein n.

824、several carriages joined together on the railway 列车; 火车v. to teach; to practise 培养; 训练trainer trein n. a person who trains 训练人; 教练training treini n. training or being trained 训练; 培训training centre 训练中心translate tr nsleit v. to change from one language into another 翻译translate . into. 把.译成.transport

825、v. tr nsp :t to carry something from one place to another 运输; 输送n.tr nsp :t the act of moving or carrying something 运输travel tr vl v. (traveled, traveling) to go from one place to another 旅行n. the act of travelling 旅行treasure tre n. a collection of precious things 金银财宝; 珍宝treat tri:t v. 1. to behave

826、 towards 对待treat . as . 把.当作.2. to give medical help to 医治; 治疗treatment tri:m nt n. medical care from a doctor 治疗tree tri: n. a large plant from which we get wood 树trick trik n. practical joke 恶作剧play a trick on 捉弄trip trip n. a short journey 远足; 旅行have a good trip 旅行愉快trouble tr bl n. sadness, diff

827、icult, worry 烦恼; 困难; 麻烦v. to worry, to disturb 烦恼; 扰乱in trouble 处于困难(苦恼)中trousers trauz zn.(pl.) a garment which covers the legs, usually worn by men 裤子, 长裤truck tr kn. a large car for carrying heavy loads by road 卡车true tru: adj. 1. correct, right, not a lie 真的, 真实的2. faithful 忠诚的come true 实现trust

828、tr st v. to believe in a person or thing 信任; 相信n. belief in the honesty, etc. of a person 信任truth tru: n. what is true 真实; 实际情况, 真相; 真理try traiv. 1. to do what one can; to make an attempt 试图; 尝试;验想办法2. to see if you like something, or if something works 试try on 试穿try ones best 竭尽全力try out 试验Tuesday

829、tju:zdi n. the third day of the week 星期二turn t:n v. 1. to go around; to make something go round 转; 使转动2. to change direction 转变方向3. to change to 变成 (辩析) turn：强调变化结果。有成为完全不同的事物的含义。例：The milk turned sour. 牛奶变酸了。turn还常用于颜色的变化。例：The trees turn green. 树变绿了。grow: 有逐渐变成新的含义，强调变化过程。例：The trees is growing ta

830、ll. 那棵树逐渐长高了。become, get, go 通常表示变化的过程已经完成。其中become 比较正式，get和go较口语化。例：Tom becomes ill.汤姆病了。He has got poor.他变穷了。The food must have gone bad. 食物一定变坏了。n. a chance or duty to do something in a particular order of time or place 依次序轮流得到的机会; 轮到的责任turn down 关小; 调低turn . into. 变成; 变得; 把. 变成.turn off 关掉(自来水、

831、电灯、收音机等）turn on 开；旋开(电灯、无线电等)turn over 翻到; 翻身; 翻(书页)turn to 翻到; 转向; 求助于turn up到达; 出现twelfth twelf num. 第十二twelve twelv num. the number 12 十二twentieth tweti num. 第二十twenty twenti num. the number 20 二十twice twais adv. two times 两次; 两倍two tu: num. the number 2 二type taip v. to use a typewriter 打字n. a k

832、ind; a sort; an example of a group 型; 类别; 典型 (辩析) kind表示种类时，指性质相同的东西；type主要指类型、样式；sort 指种类基本相似的东西，讲话时意思较含糊。type-writer taiprait n. a machine for writing 打字机typist taipist n. a person who type 打字员ugly adj. unpleasant to see 丑陋的，难看的UK n. abbrev. United Kingdom (of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) (

833、大不列颠及北爱尔兰) 联合王国umbrella n. an arrangement of cloth over a folding frame with a handle, used for keeping rain off the head 伞，雨伞unable adj. not able; without the power, knowledge, time, etc., to do something 不能的；无能为力的；不胜任的；没时间做的uncertain adj. 1. not certain; doubtful 不确定的；不明确的；可疑的2. undecided or unabl

834、e to decide 未作决定的；无法断定的be uncertain about 对不确定uncle n. the brother of ones father or mother, or the husband of ones aunt伯父；叔父；舅父；姑丈；姨丈under adv. in or to a lower place; below 在下；往下；少于prep. 1. directly below; covered by 在下面，在底下；被遮掩着2. less than;syn. below 少于；低于；在以下ant. over3. working for; controlled

835、by 为工作；受支配underground also tube BrE; subway AmE n. a railway system in which the trains run in passages under the surface of the ground 地下铁道understand v. 1. to know or get the meaning of (something) 懂；理解；明白2. to know or feel closely the nature of (a person, feelings, etc.) 领会，了解（人，感情等）3. fml or poli

836、te(正式；雅) to have been informed; have found out(a fact) 获悉；得知；发觉understanding n. the act of understanding; power to judge 理解，了解，领会；理解力，判断力underwater adj.& adv. (used, done, etc.) below the surface of the water 在水下的，在水中（使用，进行）的；在水下，在水中（使用，进行）undivided adj. complete 完整的，未分割的；专一的unfair adj. 不公平的;不公正的unf

837、old v. 1. to open from a folded position 展开，摊开，打开2. to make or become clear, more fully known, etc. 显露，表露unhealthy adj. 1. not generally in good health 不健康的；有病的2. not likely to give good health 对健康不利的；对身心有害的3. unnatural 非自然的；反常的；怪异的uniform n. a certain type of clothing which all members of a group w

838、ear, esp. in the army, a school, or the police（尤指军人，学生，或警察的）制服union n. 1. the act of joining or state of being joined into one 联合；合并；结合2. (often cap.) (常大写) a group of countries or states joined together 联邦；联盟3. a club or society, esp. a TRADE UNION 协会；联合会；（尤指）工会unit n. 1. a thing or group regarded

839、as being a complete whole 单位；单元（指被视作一个整体的事物或团体）2. an amount or quantity taken as a standard of measurement (作为计数或计量标准的)单位3. a piece of furniture, storage apparatus, etc., which can be fitted with others of the same type 一套用具（如家具、贮藏用具等）unite v. 1. to join together into one （使）联合；（使）团结；(使）合并2. to act

840、together for a purpose (为一定目的而)联合行动，一致行动united adj. 1 joined in a state of love, agreement, etc. 团结的，和睦的2 with everyone concerned having the same aim 一致的，统一的3 (cap. In names) (作名称时大写) joined in a political organization结合于一个政治组织内的universe n. (often cap.) (常大写) all space and the matter which exists in

841、 it 宇宙；世界；天地万物unknown n.& adj. (a person or thing) whose name, value, or origin is not known(人或事物的名称、价值或起源)未知的，未被发现的，不了解的；未知的人（或事物）university n. 大学unless conj. if not; except if 如果不；除非unpleasant adj. not pleasant; causing dislike; not enjoyable; unkind 使人不愉快的；讨厌的；不合意的；不和善的-unpleasantly adv. -unpleas

842、antness n.unreserved adj. without limits or reservations 无限制的，无保留的；充分的；坦白的unrest n. 不安；骚动unsold adj. 未销售的unsuccessful adj. 不成功的；失败的until also till（亦作till)- prep.& conj. up to the time when, up to as late as 直到为止;在以前notuntil 直到之前；不到（不）unusual adj. not usual; rare; not common; interesting because diff

843、erent from others 不平常的；罕见的；与众不同的；独特的up adv. 1 from below towards a higher place; away from the floor, the ground, or the bottom 向上；向更高处；离开楼面（地面，底部）2 in a high place 在上；在高处3 into an upright or raised position 趋向直立或竖起姿势adj. 1 directed or going up 向上的2 (of a road )being repaired (道路)正在修理的prep. 1 to or

844、in a higher place in; upwards by way of 向面; ;在上面；由向 上2 along; to or at the far end of 沿着；向的远端；在的远端3 against the direction of(the current of a river) 逆着（河流）的方向 (反down)4 up and down:a. higher and lower on 沿上（去）下（来）b. backwards and forwards along 沿来 回upon prep. 在上面upstairs adv.& adj. at, to, or on the

845、upper floor(s) of a building 在楼上(的)；往楼上（的）upwards also upward AmE(亦作upward )- adv.1 going up 向上，上升2 with a particular side facing up （某一面）朝上地uranium n. a heavy white metal that is a simple substance(element)and gives out radioactivity 铀（放射性元素）us pron. (object form of WE) (WE的宾格)use n. 1 the act of u

846、sing or state of being used 用；使用；应用；利用2 the ability or right to use something 运用能力；使用权3 the purpose or reason for using something 使用目的；用途；用处4 the usefulness or advantage given by something 效用；好处；价值use v. used, using 1 to employ for a purpose; put to use 用；使用；利用；应 用2to finish; consume 消费；消耗；耗尽3 derog

847、 (贬)to treat (someone) with consideration only for ones own advantage（为私人利益）利用（他人）；自私地对待（某人）v. used, BrE negative short forms usednt, usent (否定缩略形式 usednt, usent )(used in the past tense only, to show that something happened always or regularly)（仅用于过去式中，表示某事过去经常或有规律地发生）make use of 利用；借用use ones head

848、 动脑筋；仔细考虑USAGE 1 Used to and would are both used of things that happened always or regularly in the past, but would is not used at the beginning of a story用法: Used to和would 都用以表示事物过去经常或有规律地发生，但在开始叙述时不用would: We used to swim ev.ery dayWhen we were children. We would run down to the lake and jump in 我

849、们小时候天天去游泳。我们常跑到湖边，跳进水里2 The usual question form of used to is Did(nt)sl: use/used to, but Used/Usent she to are also possible. used to 的常用疑问形式是Did(nt)she use/used to, 但也可用Used/Usent she to. in the NEGATIVE, She used not to/usent to and She didnt used/use to are all possible, but She never used to, w

850、hich expresses the same idea, is probably more common. 在否定句中，She used not to/usent to 和She didnt used/use to 两者都可用，但意思相同的She never used to 也许用得更为普遍used 动词use的过去式used to 过去常常be used to 习惯于useful adj. 1 effective in use 有用的；有效的；有益的 2 helpful 有帮助的useless adj. not of any use 无用的；无效的；无益的uselessly adv.use

851、lessness n.usual adj. happening most often; customary 通常的，平常的，惯常的as usual as generally has happened before 象往常一样；照例usually adv. often; generally 通常，经常，惯常vacation v kei n n. A time of rest, amusement, and recreation away from ones job or school Am. E 假期，休假syn. holiday Am. E 可指传统节日，也可泛指休息日，常用复数表示长时间休息

852、leave 因事，因病请假valley v li n. The land lying between two lines of hills or mountains 山谷，河谷various v ri s adj. different; several, number of 各种各样的，不一样的variously, variety, varyant. different 不同的，不一样的valuable v ljuble adj. 1. worth a lot of money 贵重的，值钱的2. very useful 宝贵的,有价值的valuably adv.value n; invalu

853、able adj. 千金难买的。ant. valueless 毫无价值的。value v lju: n. 1. the degree of usefulness of something 重要性，用途，益处2. the worth of something in money 价值3. worth compared with the amount paid 值得. 合算valuable, valuelesssyn. worth , priceof value 有价值的variety v r I ri n. 1. the stare of varying; difference of condit

854、ion or quality 变化，多样性2. a group or collection containing different sorts of the same thing or people 种种，各种各样a variety of 种种的, 多种多样的。vast va:st adj. 1. very large and wide 巨大的, 广阔的2. great in size or amount 巨额的, 大量的。vaster, vastest, vastly, vastnesssyn. giant, hugevegetable ved it bl n. a (part of a

855、) plant that is grown for food 蔬菜, 菜very veri adv. especially , to a great degree 很，十分，非常very wellverb :b n. a word or phrase that tells what someone or something is , does, or experiences 动词。verbs, verbal adj. 口头的。Venus vi:n s n. the planet second in order from the sun, and next to the earth 金星，太白星

856、victory vikt ri n. (常与in, over连用) (an) act of winning or state of having won 胜利，战胜，克服video vidi u n. & adj. connected with or used in the showing of picture by television; an instrument which record picture and sound 电视的，视频的，录象带a video, videosvideophone vidi nf un n. a phone that has picture showing

857、 while telephoning 可视电话view vju: n. 1. (与of 连用) (a picture or photograph of) something seen from a particular place 风景，景色2. sight 视力，视野3. a personal opinion , belief or idea 意见,观点，见解a view , views , viewer (收视率，观众)syn. scene , sceneryin ones view 在某人看来，依某人见解in view 在视野之内in view of 由于，鉴于with a view t

858、o doingviewer vju: n. a person watching TV 电视观众，观看者village vilid n. a collection of houses and other buildings in a country area, smaller than a town 乡村，村庄villager vilid n. a person who lives in a village 村民，乡下人vinegar vinig n. an acid tasting liquid 醋，食用醋violence vai l ns n. very great force in act

859、ion or feeling; use of bodily force to hurt or harm 猛烈，剧烈；暴动，暴力行为violent vai l nt adj. using, showing or produced by great damaging force 猛烈的，激烈的。more/most violent, violence, violentlyviolin ,vailinn. a four-stringed musical instrument 小提琴。violinist 小提琴家, violinsvisit visit v. to go and spend time i

860、n (a place) or with (a person) 拜访，访问，游览；to go to make an official examination 视察，巡视；n. an act or time of visiting 参观，访问，探望。a visit, visits, visitorpay a visit tovisitor visit n. a person who visits 访问者，参观者，来宾，游客pay a visit tovocabulary v k bjul ri n.1. all the words known to a particular person 词汇2.

861、 a list of words, usu. in alphabetical order 词汇表voice v is n. 1. the sounds produced by people when speaking and singing 声音2. an opinion 意见3. 语态voices, voiced (loud-voiced) 大嗓门的at the top of ones voice; very loudly 高声的raise ones voice: to speak louder 提高嗓门vote v ut v. 1. to express ones choice offic

862、ially 投票，选举，表决2. to agree ,by a vote, to provide (sth. ) 议决n. an act of making a choice or decision by means of voting 投举，表决，选举。votes, voted, voting, voter (投票人)voting Rights Bill 选举权法案volleyball v lib ：l n. a game in which a large ball is struck by hand 排球voyage v id n. a long journey made by boat

863、or ship 航行 航海a voyage, voyages, voyager (航行者)Bon voyage ! 旅途愉快!wait weit vi. to not do something or go somewhereuntil something else happens, someonearrives etc.等，等候n. singular a period of time in which youwait for something to happen, someone toarrive etc. 等候wait for (prep) 等候wait on (prep) 服侍，侍候wa

864、iting room 候诊车，候车室waiter n.（餐厅）服务员waitress n. 女服务员wake weik v. (woke, waked or woken) to stop sleeping orto make someone stop sleeping. 醒，醒来wake up 醒来，叫醒Syn. awakewalk w :k 1. vi. to move along putting one foot in frontof the other. 走，步行2. vt. to walk in order to get somewhere, acrossa particular ar

865、ea or distance. 走过，走遍3. to walk for pleasure and exercise especiallyin the country side. 散步n. C a journey that you make by walking, especially for exercise orenjoyment 步行，散步go out for a walk 出去，散步have a walktake a walk 散步wall w :l n.C 1. an upright flat structure made of stone or brick that divideso

866、ne area from another 围墙，城墙2. one of the sides of a room or building（房间，楼房）的墙3. the side of something hollow, such as a pipe or tube间隔层，内壁，哭壁want w)nt v. (not usually in progressive)1. vt. to have a desire for something要，想要2. vt. to need something. 需要，必要want to do sth. 想做某事want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事3.

867、 n.C, U something that you need but do not have 需要物want动名词 .需要.syn. needwar w : n. 1.C a particular period of time when countries fight with soldiersand weapons 战争2.C, U a struggle over a long period of time to control somethingharmful 斗争3.C, U a situation in which a person or group is fighting for

868、power,influence, or control 竞争at war 在交战syn. battlewarm w):m adj. 1. slightly hot, especially pleasantly 暖和的，温暖的2. friendly in a way that makes you feel comfortable热情的，亲切的warm up 暖起来warm-blooded adj. （动物的）热血的warm-hearted adj. 热情的，亲切的syn. hotant. coolwarn w :n vi. & vt. 1. to tell someone that someth

869、ing bad or dangerous may happen,so that can avoid it or prevent it 警告2. to tell someone about something before it happens so thatthey are not worried or surprised by it 预先通知warn sb. not to sth. 告诉某人别做某事warn sb. against doing sth. 告诉别人别做某事warn sb. of sth. 告诫某人可能有warning n. 警报，警告，预先通知wash w 1. vt. to

870、clean something using soap and water 洗2. vi. to clean yourself with soap and water 洗washing n. U 洗 eg. do some washingwash away 冲走waste weist n. 1.sing. U things such as money or skills that should be used andare not or that are not used effectively 滥用2. unwanted materials 废物，垃圾vt. not use sensibly

871、滥用，浪费adj. waste materials, substances etc are unwanted because the good part ofthem has been removed. 无用的，废弃的a waste of moneytimeeffort 浪费（金钱、时间、力气）syn. rubbish, refuseant. savewatch w t vi. vt. to look at and pay attention to something that is happening观看，注视n. 1. C a small clock that you wear on yo

872、ur wrist or carry in your pocket手表，怀表2. sing. U the act of watching something carefully in order to warnpeople of any danger 看守，守卫keep watch 守望，值班，放哨on watch 守望，值班watch over 登看，监视syn. lookwater w :t n. U 1. the colorless liquid that falls as rain, fills lakes andrivers, and is necessary for life to

873、exist 水2. an area of water such as a lake, river, etc. 水域vt. to pour water on an area of land, a plant etc, especially in order tomake things grow.浇水，灌溉vi. eyes water 流泪vt. to give an animal to drink使（牛、马等）饮水fresh water 淡水boiling water 沸水wave weiv n. C 1. a line of raised water that moves across the

874、 surface of thesea 波浪2. a movement of your hand or arm from side to side 挥手3. the form in which some types of energy such as light and soundmove 波long-wave 长波short wave 短波vi. to move your hand or arm from side to side in order to greet someone orattract their attention 挥手vt. make something move 使波动w

875、ay wei n.1. method 方法，手段2. manner 方式3. roadpath 道路4. direction 方向5. distance 路线，路途，路程by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下get in ones way 妨碍某人on ones way to 往.去的路上on the way 在途中，在路上in this way 用这种方法This way, please. 请这边走make ones way 前进，行进we wi: pron. used as the subject of a sentence I and one or more other我们（作主格）w

876、eak wi:k adj. 1. not physically strong 弱2. not having much ability or skill in a particular activityor subject 差的，薄弱的3. easily influenced by other people because you cannot makedecisions by yourself 软弱的，儒弱的weakness n. U 虚弱，脆弱 C 弱点syn. feeble, frailant. strongwealth wel n. 1. u a large amount of mone

877、y and possessions 财富，财产2. a large number or amount of experience etc. 丰富（经验）,大量a man of great wealth 有钱人wealth adj. 富的syn. richant. poorwear w v. (worew :, worn w :n)1. vt. to have something such as clothes, shoes, or jewellery on yourbody 穿，戴2. vi to become thinner or weaker after continuous use磨损，

878、变旧，穿破，用坏n. U damage caused by continuous use over a long period磨损，损耗wearing 使人疲乏的weary 疲倦的，困乏的wear out 穿旧，使筋疲力尽syn. dressant. undressweather we n. sing. U the temperature and other conditions such as rain,sun, and wind 天气vi.,vt. if rock, wood etc weathers, or if wind, sun rain etc weathers them,they

879、 change colour or shape over a period of time使经受风吹雨打，使褪色侵蚀，风化syn. climatewedding wedi n. c a marriage ceremony, especially one with a religious service婚礼wedded 已结婚的，结婚的wedding-breakfast 喜宴（在婚礼后蜜月旅行前举行）wedding-cake 结婚蛋糕wedding-day 婚礼日；结婚纪念日wedding march 婚礼进行曲wedding ring 结婚戒指wedding bell 结婚的钟声Wednesd

880、aywenzdi (written abbreviation Wed or Weds)n.C, U the day between Tuesday and ThursdayIn Britain. Wednesday is considered the third day of the week andin the U.S.A it is considered the fourth day of the week星期三on Wednesday = each Wednesdayweekwi:k n.C1. a period of seven days and nights. usually mea

881、sured in Britainfrom Monday to Sunday and in the US from Sunday to Saturday星期、周；2. any period of seven days and nights（从任何时候算起）连续七天3. the part of the week when you go to work usually from Monday toriday 工作周 eg. working-weekweekend n.c周未weekly adj. 每周的weighwei v. 1.Linking Verb to have a particular w

882、eight 重若干，称分量2. vt. to use a machine to find out what something or someone weighs称.重量，掂估.的分量3. vt. to consider something carefully so that you can make a decisionabout it 掂量，考虑、权衡weight n.u 重量、重、体重weighty adj. 重的、重要的welcomewelk m vt. 1. to say hello in a friendly way to someone who has justarrived 欢

883、迎2. to accept an idea, suggestion etc happily高高兴兴地接受（建议，观点）adj. 1. someone who is welcome is gladly accepted in a place 受欢迎的2. something that is welcome is pleasant and enjoyable, especiallybecause it is just what you need or want 可喜的、来得正好的n.C a greeting you give to someone when they arrive 欢迎，迎接You

884、 are welcome 不用谢wellwel adv.better, best 1. satisfactorily 好，令人满意地2. in a thorough way 完全地，充分地interjection （感叹词）1. used before a statement or question to emphasize it哎呀，好，那么2. used to pause or give yourself time to think before saying something用于停顿或给自己时间思考 喔，噢，这个adj.better, best healthy 健康的n.C a dee

885、p hole in the ground from which people take water 井well-knownwelnoun 出名的，众所周知的sink a well = dig a wellas well 也as well as 又；和.一样好，除了.而外还，不仅.而且do well in 学得好well-done 干得好syn. fineant. ill, sickwestwest n.sing. U the direction towards which the sun goes down, and which ison the left of someone who is

886、facing north 西部，西方adj.only before noun in the west or facing the west 西部的，西方的adv. toward the west 向西westernerwest n n.c 西方人wetwet adj. 1. covered in or full of liquid 湿的，水分，液体2. rainy 多雨的v.wet or wetted to make something or somebody wet 把.弄湿the wet n. 湿气，水份，潮湿，雨天whatw t pre-determiner, determiner, p

887、ron.1. used when asking questions about a thing or person（疑问代词）什么2. used especially in indirect questions to talk about things orinformation (关系代词）所.的事物（或人）3. spoken used at the beginning of a statement to emphasize what you aregoing to say（主语从句，表强调）所.的adj. spoken used at the beginning of a sentence

888、 to show that you thinksomething is very good very bad etc. 多么，何等adv. used especially in questions to ask to what degree or in what waysomething matters 在哪一方面，到什么程度int. used to show that are angry/surprised by what someone has said表惊讶，气愤等什么whatever adj. 不管什么，无论什么what about = how about. 怎么样pron. 不管什么

889、，无论什么syn. no matter whatwheatwi:t n.U 1. the grain that bread is made from 谷物（做面包）2. the plant /that this grain grows on 小麦wheelwi:l n.U 1. one of the round things under a car, bus, bicycle, etc thatturn when it moves 车轮2. a flat round part in a machine that turns round when themachine operates 机轮v.

890、 to push/move someone or something that is an object with wheels滚动，推动wheelchair wi:l tf n. 轮椅whenwen adv. conjunction1. at what time 什么时候2. at the time that 当.的时候pron. since when used in questions to mean since what time 自.时候起whenever wenev conj. 每当，无论何时syn. no matter whenwherew adv. conj. 1. at,to,

891、or from a particular place or position去（往）哪里，从哪里2. in, towards,or from a particular situation or at aparticular situation or at a particular point in aspeech, argument etc.在那里，往那里，在.地方，到.地方whereverw ev adv. 任何地方, 无论何处syn. no matter wherewhetherwe conj. 1. used when talking about a choice you have to

892、 make or abouttwo different possibilities 是否2. used to say that something definitely will or will nothappen whatever the situation is. 不管.还是.whether.or 是.还是或者.或者,不是.就是不管.还是whether or no 不管怎样，无论如何syn. ifwhichwitf determiner. pron. adj.1. used to ask or state what people or things you mean when a choi

893、cehas to be mad 哪一个；哪些2. use to show what specific thing or things you mean(限定关系代词) 那一个，那一些3. used especially in written language after a comma, to add moreinformation about a specific thing or things, or about the first partof the sentence (非限定定语从句) 那一个，那一些whicheverwitfev determiner. pron. 无论哪个，无论哪

894、些whilewail conj. 1. during the time that something is happening在（当）.的时刻；2. something happens at the same time as something else和.同时3. used to emphasize the difference between two situations,activities etc(强调不同)而，当.却4. used to show that you partly agree with, or accept somethingbut not completely（表让步

895、）虽然，尽管n. a period of time, especially a short one 一会儿，一段时间after a while 过了一会儿in a short while 不久once in a while 有时，偶尔syn. as, whenwhisperwisp 1. vi. vt. to speak or say something very quietly, using yourbreath rather than your voice 耳语，低语2. vt. to say or suggest something privately or secretly低声地讲，私

896、下说 （后跟that 从句）n.C 1. a very quiet voice, when you are whispering. 低语，耳语，私语2. a piece of news or information that has not been officiallyannounced 谣传，暗示，秘密话in whispers 低声说话whitewait adj. 1. having the colour of milk, salt or snow 白的，白色的2. looking pale, because of illness, strong emotion etc.苍白的n. 1.U

897、 the colour of milk, salt, and snow 白色2.C someone who belongs to a pale-skinned race 白种人3.c + of the white part of your eye 眼白ant. blackwhohu: pron. 1. used in questions to ask what person or people（疑问代词，连接代词，引导名词性从句和否定式）谁2. used in a question or statement to show what person or people youare talkin

898、g about （关系代词引导定语从句）谁3. used especially in written language after a comma, to add moreinformation about a person or people（关系代词，引导非限定语从句）谁whose adj. 谁的whom pron 谁（宾格）whoever pron. 无论谁syn. no matter whowholehoul adj. all of something 整个的syn. entire, all, totalant. partn. the whole of all of something

899、 especially something that is not aphysical object. 整个as a whole 通盘，作为整体on the whole 总的来说whywai adv. conj. for what reason （疑问副词，关系副词，连接副词）为什么？Why not?a). used to make a suggestion （表建议）建议为什么b). used to show that you agree withc). suggestion or idea （对建议，观念）表示同意, 为什么不呢？int. especially AME used to sh

900、ow that you are surprised or annoyed（表惊异，不耐烦等）噢.wide waid adj. 1. measuring a large distance from one side to the other宽阔的2. including or involving a large variety of different people,things, or situations 广阔的 广泛的3. wide difference/gap/variation etc. a large and noticeabledifference 开得很大的adv. openin

901、g or spreading as much as possible 宽阔地 广大地 广泛地.syn. broadant. narrowwife waif (pl. wiveswaivz) n. C the woman that a man is married 妻子ant. husband 丈夫wild waild adj. 1. Plants/animals : living in a natural state, not changed orcontrolled by humans 野生的,野的2. emotions: feeling or expressing strong uncon

902、trolled emotions,especially anger, happiness, or excitement狂热的,疯狂的,发怒的3. behaving in an uncontrolled, sometimes violent way失去控制的,放荡的,任性的wildlife waildlaif n. 野生动植物(总称)ant. tame(驯服的) domestic(家养的)will w:l (modal verb) 1. used to express the simple future tense(将来时) 将要2. used to show that you are will

903、ing or ready to do something(表意志,意愿,建议等) 愿意, 乐意.3. used to ask someone to do something(客气提问)是否愿意4. used like can to show what is possible(表示功能)能,行n. 1.C, U determination to do something that you have decided to do, evenif this is difficult 意志 决心 毅力(可与不定冠词连用)2.C a legal document that says who you wan

904、t your money and property tobe given to after you die 遗嘱v. to try to make something happen by thinking about it very hard意欲,决心要, 主观促成willing wili adj 乐意的,愿意的.willingly wili li 乐意地.willingnesswili nis n. U 意愿 愿望.win win v.(won, won) 1.(I.T) to be the best or first in a competition, game,election etc.

905、 获胜 羸得2. vt. to get something as a prize for winning in acompetition or game 获得(奖)3. vt. to get or achieve something that you want because ofyour efforts or abilities (经努力)达到,到达n.C a success or victory, especially in sport 胜利,羸winner n. 获胜者syn. gainant. losewind wind n. C,U moving air, especially wh

906、en it moves strongly or quickly ina current 风get/have wind of: to hear or find out about something secret or private,especially if you learn it accidentally or unofficially风声,传说U your ability to breathe without difficulty 呼吸,气息wind waind v. (wound, wound) 1. to turn or twist something repeatedly, es

907、peciallyaround something else 缠绕 绕2. if a road, track, river etc winds, it has manysmooth bends and is usually very long 迂回 蜿蜒window windou n. C 1. an opening in the wall of a building, car etc that letsin light and air, and is usually covered with glass窗中2. one of the separate areas on a computer s

908、creen wheredifferent processes or programs are operating(计算机)窗口3. a short period of time that is available for a particularactivity (为完成特定活动时的)有效时限wine wain n. C, U 1. an alcoholic drink made from grapes, or a type of this drink.葡萄酒2. an alcoholic drink made from another fruit or plant果子酒vt. to ente

909、rtain someone well with a meal, wine etc (请.)喝酒wing wi n. C 1. one of the parts of a birds or insects body that isused for flying 翅膀2. one of the large flat parts that stick out from the side ofa plane and help to keep it in the air 机翼3. one of the parts of a large building 边房 侧厅v. 1. especially lit

910、erary to fly 飞行2. wing its way 飞速行进 使飞winter wint n. C, U the season after autumn and before spring 冬天(季)v. to spend the winter somewhere 过冬wipe waip v. 1. to rub a surface with a cloth in order to remove dirt,liquid etc. 擦净2. to remove dirt, liquid or marks by wiping 擦去,去除,消灭3. to try to forget an

911、unhappy or upsetting experience忘记,挥去(不高兴,悲伤)n.C a wiping movement with a cloth. 擦,揩wipe off 擦去wire wai n. 1.U thin metal in the form of a thread 金属线2.C a piece of metal like this, usually covered in plastic, usedfor taking electricity from one place to another 电线v. 1.also wire up to connect wires to

912、 something,especially in an electrical system.给.装电线2.to fasten two or more thing together using wire.用金属丝缚.3.to send money electronically from one bank to another (线)电汇a live wire 通电电线wise waiz adj. 1. wise decisions and judgements are based on good sense andexperience; sensible 明智的2. someone who is

913、 wise makes good decisions, gives good adviceetc, especially because they have a lot of experience of life英明的,有见识的v. wise up1.I to realize the unpleasant truth about a situation.知道,了解2.wise sb. up to: to make someone realize the unpleasant truth abouta situation. 使某从了解.be/get wise to 知道,了解.syn. brig

914、ht, cleverant. unwise. foolishwisdom wizd m n. u 智慧wish wi v. 1.want something impossible 希望2.want to do sth. 希望做某事3.to say that you hope someone will have good luck, a happy life,etc. 祝愿n.C 1. desire 愿望2. thing you want 希望wish every success 祝.成功with wi prep. 1. near someone or something or in someo

915、nes presence与.在一起2. having, possessing, or showing a particular thing, quality orfeeling 具有,带有3. by means of something or using it (表手段或方法)用ant. without wi autwithin wi in prep. adv. 1. inside a certain area and not beyond it在.范围以内,不超过2. during a certain period of time 在.期间3. before a certain period

916、 of time has passedsyn. in 在.里面woman wum n n. (pl. women) 1. C an adult female person 妇女2. a rude way of addressing a woman when you are angryannoyed etc. (生气时的粗鲁用语)女人wonder w nd v. 1. I.T to think about something that you are not sure aboutand try to guess what is true will happen etc. 想知道2. I.T to

917、 feel surprised and unable to believe something.诧异 感到疑惑n.U a feeling of surprise and admiration for something very beautiful ornew to you. 奇迹,奇观make wonders 创造奇迹 No wonder 不足为奇wonderful w nd ful adj 极好的.精彩的wood wud n. 1. C, U the material that trees are made of 木头, 木材2. C also the woods. a small for

918、est 小森林,树林syn. forestwoodcutterwud.k t c(pl. woodcutters) 樵夫,伐木工wooden wudn adj. 木的,木制的wool wul n.u 1.the soft thick hair that sheep and some goats have on the body.羊毛2.material made from wool 羊毛衣3.thread made from wool that you use for knitting clothes羊毛线pull the wool over sbs eyes 蒙蔽某人woolen wul n

919、 adj. 羊毛的.羊毛制的wordw :d n. 1. C language/sth. you say or write 词,单词2. talk/discussion 谈话3. information/news 消息,信息vt. to use words that are carefully chosen in order to express something用言词表达have a word with sb. 和某人说句话.in a word 总而言之in other words 也就是说;换句话说.keep ones word 信守诺言workw :k v. 1. do a job 工

920、作 劳动syn. labour2. (vi.) if a machine or piece of equipment works, it does what itis supposed to do 运转n. 1.U a job you are paid to do or an activity that you do regularlyto earn money. 工作劳动syn. job2.U something that you produce as a result of doing your job or doingan activity. 成果，产品at work 在工作out of

921、 work 失业work hard at 努力学习work out 算出,解决worker n. 工人workable adj. 可使用的,可操作的workforce n. 劳动力.workmate n. 同事,工友.works n. 作品,著作worldw :ld n. our planet/everyone on it 地球syn. earthadj. existing in or affecting the whole world 世界的world famous 世界著名的worldwidew :ldwaid adj. 世界范围的worryw ri v. 1. v. be anxious

922、 担心,担扰,发愁2.make sb. anxious 使某人担扰n. 1. C a problem that you are anxious about or are not sure how todeal with 烦恼,心烦2. U the feeling of being anxious about something 担心,扰虑worry about 为.而担心worsew :s adj. 1.the comparative of bad not as good as someone or somethingelse or more unpleasant or of a lower

923、standard坏, 更差,更恶劣parative of ill more ill them before (病情)更重的.adv. comparative of badly1. in a more severe or serious way than before 更坏,更糟2.to a lower standard or quality or less successfully 更低,更差n.U something worse 更坏的事from bad to worse 越来越糟ant. betterworstw :st adj.the superlative of bad (only b

924、efore now) worse than anythingelse of the same kind or worse than at any time before最坏的,最差的.n. the worst: the person, thing, situation, state, part etc that isworse than all others of the same kind or worse than at any timebefore 最坏者adv. the superlative of badly most badly 最坏地v. T usually passive to

925、 defeat someonein a fight, competition, or argument 击败,胜过worthw : adj. be worth. to have a value inmoney. 值.的, 有.的价值的.be worth doing .值得.Its worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的.Its worth sbs while to do sth. 值得某人做.syn. valueant. worthless(无价值的)wouldwud v.modal verb 1.used instead of will to describe what someo

926、ne has said,asked etc 将要(过去)2. used to describe what someone used to do a lot or whatused to happen a lot 过去,常常,习惯3.used instead of will with a past tense verb or to showwhat is likely or possible (表推测) 大概4.Would you.? used to express a polite request(语气委婉) 愿would rather 宁愿.woundwu:nd n. C 1. an inj

927、ury, especially a cut or hole made in your skin by aweapon such as a knife or a bullet. 伤口,创伤2. a feeling of emotional or mental pain that you get whensomeone says or does something unpleasant to you(感情上的)痛苦, (名誉的)损伤.vt. 1. to injure someone, especially by making a cut or hole in theirskin using a k

928、nife, gun etc. 使受伤,伤害2. to make someone feel unhappy or upset (在感情等方面)伤害woundedwu:ndid adj. 受伤的.writerait v. (wrote, written) I.T to produce a new book, poem song etc.syn. copy 写,书写write to: to write a letter to sb. 写信给.write down: 写下,记下.writerrait n. 作者,作家,记者.syn. author.wrongr adj. 1. not correct

929、不对的,错误的2. not suitable 不适当的.3. not moral 不道德的,犯罪的,邪恶的.adv. not in the correct way 错,不对n. 1.U behaviour that is not morally right. 坏事,错事,邪恶.2.C an action, judgement, or situation that is unfair不公正,冤屈.v. to treat or judge someone unfairly 冤枉, 委屈Theres something wrong with . .出毛病了.be wrong with 不顺心,出毛病

930、.do wrong 做错事,做坏事.X-ray eksrei n. X射线, X光yard j :d n. 院子year j : n. 年year after year年年; 每年year by year 年年; 每年yellow jel u adj. & n. 黄(色)的; 黄色yes jes adv. 是; 好; 同意yesterday jest di adv. & n. 明天yet yet adv. 1. 到目前为止; 还2. 仍然you ju: pron. 你; 你们(主格;宾格)young j adj. 年轻的; 年幼的your j : pron. 你的; 你们的yourself j

931、 :self pron. 你自己yourselves j :selvz pron. 你们自己youth ju: n. 青春; 青年zero n. 1. the number 0 零2. nothing 无zero growth 零增长zebra n. horse-like African animal with broad black and white lines斑马zone n. area 某种特性的地区zoo n. park where wild animals are kept for show 动物园高考资源网提供高考试题、高考模拟题，发布高考信息题本站投稿专用信箱：ks5u，来信请注明投稿，一经采纳，待遇从优共89页第89页