1、上海市进才中学2020届高三英语4月月考试题（含解析）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you h
2、ear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a railway station. B. At an airport. C. In a park. D. In Germany.2. A. By metro. B. By bicycle. C. By car. D. On foot.3. A. The
3、woman is not a successful tourist guide.B. The woman has visited all the countries in the world.C. The man is from Africa.D. The woman hasnt been to any African country.4. A. Godfather barely surprises viewers.B. Godfather is worth watching repeatedly.C. Every classic should be watched for at least
4、6 times.D. The plot of Godfather is hard to believe.5. A. 50 mph. B. 100 mph. C. 15 mph. D. 30 mph.6. A. Do some outdoor exercise. B. Buy some coffee.C. Continue with the lecture. D. Try to make the room less dry.7. A. Doctor and nurse. B. Interviewer and interviewee.C. Teacher and student. D. Boss
5、and secretary.8. A. 2 p.m. B. 2:30 p.m. C. 4:30 p.m. D. 4:40 p.m.9. A. The ring is not hers. B. She doesnt have gold rings.C. She prefers gold to silver. D. She lost her silver ring.10. A. The screen doesnt have to be cleaned.B. The keyboard also needs cleaning.C. The man shouldnt do the cleaning.D.
6、 Theres not enough time to clean the computer.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several passages and longer conversations, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken o
7、nly once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. His university education focused on theoretical knowledge.B. His dream at university wa
8、s to become a volunteer.C. He took pride in having contributed to the world.D. He felt honored to study English literature.12. A. He participated in many discussionsB. He went through challenging survival testsC. He wrote quite a few papers on voluntary workD. He did well in countless interviews and
9、 presentations.13. A. He experienced some difficulty adapting to the local cultureB. He learned to communicate in the local language.C. He had overcome all his weaknesses before he left for home.D. He was chosen as the most respectable teacher by his studentQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the f
10、ollowing passage.14. A. Waiting for the sea to calm.B. Turning off the engines of the searching warships.C. Searching the area near the seabed where the tail of the plane was found.D. Asking passing ships to change their routes.15. A. Its overseas business is performed well.B. The employers added mo
11、re jobs than expected.C. The unemployment rate reached its highest point since 2008.D. The economy shows a weakening sign this year.16. A. Beijing. B. Havana. C. Montreal. D. Indonesia.Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.17. A. David Jackson. B. The woman. C. Peter Jones. D.
12、David Jones.18. A. At 6:30, next Wednesday. B. At 6:30, tomorrow.C. At 6:00, this Wednesday. D. At 6:00, tomorrow.Questions 19 and 20 are based on the following conversation.19. A. The differences between the big shopping centers and small shops.B. Peoples shopping habits.C. The quality of the goods
13、 in the shopping centers.D. Peoples shopping experiences online.20. A. The quality of the goods. B. The surroundings of the shops.C. The attitude of the shop assistant. D. The prices of the goods.II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to m
14、ake the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Science fiction often presents us with planets that speak a single language. However,_1_ human
15、s can express themselves in several thousand languages is a delight. Few would welcome the loss of this variety, and, along with it, a multiplicity of nations and cultures.Unfortunately, the days _2_ English shares the planet with thousands of other languages are numbered. A traveler to the future i
16、s likely to notice two things about the language landscape of Earth. One, there will be vastly fewer languages. Two, languages will be _3_ (complicated) than they are today.By 2115, its possible that only about 600 languages will be left on the planet as opposed to todays 6,000. Too often, colonizat
17、ion has led to the disappearance of languages: Native speakers are punished _4_ using their own languages. Urbanization has only furthered the destruction by bringing people away from their homelands to cities where a single language dominates.In addition, it is easy for speakers to associate larger
18、 languages with opportunities and smaller ones with backwardness. Consequently, people stop passing on smaller languages to their children.There are diligent efforts _5_ (keep) endangered languages from dying. Sadly, few are likely to lead to communities _6_ (raise) children in the languages, which
19、is the only way the languages exist as their full selves.Instead, many communities create new versions of the languages, with smaller vocabularies and simpler grammar. The Irish Gaelic (盖尔语) proudly spoken by todays English-Gaelic bilinguals is an example, something that one might call a “New Gaelic
20、.”Linguists have no single term yet for these new speech varieties, _7_ from Germanys “Kiezdeutsch” to Singapores “Singlish,” the world is witnessing the birth of more optimized versions of old languages. This simplification should not be taken as a sign of decline. All of the “optimized” languages
21、remain full languages in every sense of the term.We _8_ regret the eclipse of a world where 6,000 different languages _9_ (speak), but fortunately, it seems a decent amount of linguistic diversity will be preserved. Besides, _10_ languages become easier to pick up, the future may promise even more m
22、utual comprehension.【答案】1. that 2. when 3. less complicated 4. for 5. to keep 6. raising 7. but 8. may / might 9. are spoken 10. as / when/ if【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出英语和其他成千上万种语言共享地球的日子已经屈指可数了。一个前往未来的旅行者可能会注意到关于地球语言景观的两件事。第一，语言将大大减少。第二，语言会比现在更简单。并说明了世界上语言的消亡情况，以及人们为使濒危语言不至于消亡，所做出的不懈的努力。【1题详解】考查连接词。句意：然而，人类可
23、以用几千种语言来表达自己是一件令人高兴的事。本句为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。故填that。【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意：不幸的是，英语和其他成千上万种语言共享地球的日子已经屈指可数了。此处为定语从句修饰先行词days，且先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when。故填when。【3题详解】考查比较级。句意：第二，语言不像现在这么复杂。结合句意可知，表示“不那么复杂”应用形容词比较级less complicated。故填less complicated。【4题详解】考查介词。句意：母语使用者会因为使用自己的语言而受到惩罚。表示“因受到惩罚”短语为be punished
24、for。故填for。【5题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为使濒危语言不至于消亡，我们做出了不懈的努力。分析句子结构可知，keep在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中作目的状语应用不定式。故填to keep。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：可悲的是，很少会导致社区用这些语言来养育孩子，这是语言作为完整自我存在的唯一方式。分析句子结构可知raise在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且根据上文communities为名词所有格，可知此处为动名词作宾语。故填raising。【7题详解】考查连词。句意：语言学家还没有一个专门的词汇来形容这些新的语言变体，但是从德国的“Kiezdeutsch”到新加坡的“Singl
25、ish”，全世界都在见证着古老语言的优化版本的诞生。结合句意可知前后文为转折关系，故用连词but。故填but。【8题详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们可能会为6000种不同语言的世界消失而感到遗憾，但幸运的是，相当数量的语言多样性将得到保护。结合句意可知表示“可能”，应用情态动词may或might。故填may / might。【9题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意同上。此处主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据后文seems可知为一般现在时，主语为languages，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are spoken。【10题详解】考查连接词。句意：此外，如果语言变得更容易学习/当语言变得更容易掌握时，未来可能
26、会有更多的相互理解。本句可理解为时间状语从句，表示“当时候”用as或when引导；也可理解为条件状语从句，表示“如果”用if引导。故填as / when /if。Section BDirections: Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is one extra word which you dont need.NEW DELHI - The first case of the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic
27、in India was reported on 30 January 2020. So far, India has suspended all existing visas, except diplomatic, official, UN/international organizations, employment, project visas until April 15. Indias federal health ministry said this Wednesday morning that the death toll due to COVID-19 in India ros
28、e to 149 and the total number of _11_ cases in the country reached 5,194.“As of 8:00 am (local time) today 149 deaths related to novel coronavirus have been recorded in the country,” reads the information _12_ by the ministry. On Tuesday evening the number of COVID-19 cases in the country was 4789 a
29、nd the death toll was 124.According to ministry officials, so far 402 people have been _13_from hospitals after showing improvement. “The number of active cases in the country right now is 4,643,” reads the information.Wednesday _14_ the 15th straight day of ongoing 21-day lockdown across the countr
30、y announced by the government to _15_ the spread of the pandemic. Authorities have imposed strict curfew-like _16_ to prevent the movement of people across the country. All road, rail and air services have been suspended in the _17_ of the lockdown, except _18_ services which are exempted. The three
31、-week lockdown is expected to end on April 14.Indias federal home minister Amit Shah has asked authorities to take quick and stern action against individuals involved in hoarding and black marketing. Meanwhile, Indian Council of Medical Research said it has no _19_ to state governments setting up co
32、nvenient sample collection sites. However, the top health research body said its guidelines should be followed and the sample collection should be done using recommended personal _20_ equipment.【答案】11. F 12. B 13. I 14. A 15. J 16. G 17. K 18. D 19. H 20. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了印度联邦卫生部周三上午表示，印度因新冠肺炎死亡的
33、人数已升至149人，确诊病例总数达到5194人。并介绍了印度此次国内为防控新冠疫情所采取的一些措施。【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：印度联邦卫生部周三上午表示，印度因新冠肺炎死亡的人数已升至149人，确诊病例总数达到5194人。结合句意表示“确诊病例”短语为confirmed cases。故填confirmed。故选F。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：卫生部发布的信息显示:“截至今天（当地时间）上午8时，全国已有149人因感染新型冠状病毒死亡。”结合句意表示“发布”应用动词release，且分析句子结构可知release在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语information构成被动关系
34、，故用过去分词。故填released。故选B。【13题详解】考查动词语态。句意：卫生部官员称，到目前为止，已有402人在病情好转后出院。句中缺少谓语表示“出院”应用discharge，且根据上文402 people have been可知是现在完成时的被动语态。故填discharged。故选I。【14题详解】考查动词时态。句意：星期三标志着政府宣布在全国实行21天封锁的第15天，以控制疫情的蔓延。本句中缺少谓语表示“标志”应用mark，此处陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为Wednesday，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填marks。故选A。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：星期三标志着政府
35、宣布在全国实行21天封锁的第15天，以控制疫情的蔓延。结合句意表示“控制”结合给出的单词应填contain，结合上文by the government to可知此处为不定式，应填动词原形。故填contain。故选J。【16题详解】考查名词的数。句意：当局实行了类似宵禁的严格限制，以防止人员在全国范围内流动。结合句意表示“严格限制”且做like的宾语应用名词restriction，restrictions为可数名词，前面没有冠词应用复数形式。故填restrictions。故选G。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：紧随着封锁之后，除基本服务被豁免外，所有公路、铁路和航空服务都已暂停。结合句意表示“紧随
36、”短语为in the wake of。故填wake。故选K。【18题详解】考查形容词。句意：紧随着封锁之后，除基本服务被豁免外，所有公路、铁路和航空服务都已暂停。修饰后文名词services应用形容词，且表示“基本的”形容词为essential。故填essential。故选D。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：与此同时，印度医学研究委员会表示，它不反对州政府设立方便的样本采集地点。结合句意表示“不反对，无异议”短语为no objection。故填objection。故选H。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，世界顶级健康研究机构表示，应该遵循其指南，样本采集应该使用推荐的个人防护设备。修饰后文名
37、词equipment应用形容词，表示“防护的”形容词为protective。故填protective。故选C。III. Reading Comprehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A new phone app uses vibrations
38、from smart phones to warn people about earthquakes.The phone app _21_ sudden shaking of the earths surface through sensors in smart phones. It is called MyShake. It is the work of four researchers at the University of California, Berkeley. They said they created a worldwide warning system that would
39、 _22_ people and give them time to prepare. The MyShake app is _23_ only for Android phones.Smart phones are _24_ accelerometers (加速度感应器). These instruments measure movement, like that of a car or airplane. MyShake uses phone accelerometers to measure seismic (地震的) activity. It has been _25_ to know
40、 the difference between normal activity and earthquake movement. The software developers say their app is right 93 percent of the time.A smart phone sends seismic information to the app developers. If the developers receive several notifications _26_, it recognizes that an earthquake might be taking
41、 place or will take place soon.Using information sent from the app, the network then _27_ the location and strength of the quake in real time. MyShake can record magnitude 5.0 earthquakes at distances of 10 kilometers or less.MyShake uses very _28_ power, according to its developers. Only when seism
42、ic activity is _29_ by the app does it become active and sends data to the network. The app works best when your phone is resting on a _30_ surface, like a table.The developers hope that MyShake can add to information collected by the U.S. Geological Survey. That U.S. agency has created the Earthqua
43、ke Early Warning System, also _31_ EEW. The EEW has deployed (部署) sensors for measuring quakes in many areas.In places where no such equipment _32_, MyShake may be the only method of early quake _33_. The app also shows ways to stay safer during an earthquake. The developers say it will become more
44、effective as more people use it.“Our goal is to build a worldwide seismic network and use the data to_34_ the effects of earthquakes on us as individuals and on society as a whole,” say the researchers.The developers say they hope to add a feature that would _35_ people about a possible tsunami: a h
45、uge wave after an earthquake.21. A. reportsB. recognizesC. revealsD. reviews22. A. inferB. includeC. influenceD. inform23. A. acquiredB. availableC. affordableD. approachable24. A. equipped withB. made up ofC. filled withD. in need of25. A. programmedB. protectedC. prohibitedD. promised26. A. from d
46、ifferent placesB. from one areaC. from the same phoneD. from another developer27. A. controlsB. connectsC. estimatesD. receives28. A. muchB. littleC. excessiveD. green29. A. activatedB. sensedC. resistedD. issued30. A. lowB. woodenC. highD. flat31. A. honored withB. called forC. known asD. defined a
47、s32. A. existsB. formsC. countsD. exploits33. A. protectionB. diagnosisC. detectionD. resistance34. A. raiseB. receiveC. recordD. reduce35. A. confirmB. appointC. alertD. acknowledge【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款名为My
48、Shake的手机应用程序，可以通过智能手机中的传感器识别地球表面的突然震动来侦测地震，从而及时通知人们，并给他们准备时间。文章介绍了这款应用的工作原理和一些特性。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这款手机应用程序通过智能手机中的传感器识别地球表面的突然震动。A. reports报告；B. recognizes识别，认出；C. reveals揭示；D. reviews回顾。结合上文A new phone app uses vibrations from smart phones to warn people about earthquakes.可知一款新的手机应用程序使用智能手机的震动来提醒
49、人们地震，故此处指这款手机应用程序通过智能手机中的传感器识别地球表面的突然震动。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们说，他们创建了一个全球预警系统，可以通知人们，并给他们准备时间。A. infer推断；B. include包含；C. influence影响；D. inform通知。根据上文worldwide warning system that可知全球预警系统的作用是在地震发生时通知（inform）人们，并给他们准备时间。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：MyShake应用程序只适用于Android手机。A. acquired取得；B. available可获得的
50、；C. affordable负担得起的；D. approachable可接近的。结合后文only for Android phones.可知此处字这款应用只适用于Android手机。短语be available for“对可用”。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：智能手机配备有加速度感应器。A. equipped with配备；B. made up of由组成；C. filled with充满；D. in need of需要。结合后文accelerometers可知此处指智能手机配备有加速度感应器。短语be equipped with“配备有”。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨
51、析。句意：它已编好程序，可以知道正常活动和地震运动之间的区别。A. programmed编程，规划；B. protected保护；C. prohibited禁止；D. promised承诺。结合后文to know the difference between normal activity and earthquake movement.可知MyShake这款软件被编程好，可以知道正常活动和地震运动之间的区别。故选A。【26题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：如果开发人员从一个地区收到多个通知，它就会意识到地震可能正在发生，也可能很快就会发生。A. from different places从不同的地
52、方；B. from one area从一个地区；C. from the same phone从同一个手机；D. from another developer从另一个开发人员。要识别地震应当是收集同一个地区的多个通知，软件就会意识到地震可能正在发生，也可能很快就会发生。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：利用该应用程序发送的信息，该网络然后实时估计地震的位置和强度。A. controls控制；B. connects连接；C. estimates估计；D. receives接收。结合后文the location and strength of the quake可知利用该应用程序发送的信
53、息，该网络然后实时估计（estimates）地震的位置和强度。其它选项不符合语境。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据开发人员介绍，MyShake的耗电量非常小。A. much许多；B. little小的；C. excessive过多的；D. green绿色的。结合后文app does it become active and sends data to the network.可知只有当地震活动被探测到时，应用程序才会激活，并向网络发送数据。所以MyShake的耗电量很小。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有当地震活动被感应到时，应用程序才会激活并向网络发送数据。
54、A. activated激活；B. sensed感应，感觉；C. resisted反抗；D. issued发布。结合上文，可知这款APP的功能就是用来感应地震活动的。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你的手机放在像桌子这样的平面上时，这款应用的效果最好。A. low低的；B. wooden木制的；C. high高的；D. flat平的。根据后文like a table.可知手机要放在像桌子这样的平面上，应用的效果最好。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个美国机构已经建立了地震预警系统，也被称为EEW。A. honored with荣誉；B. called for要
55、求；C. known as被称为；D. defined as定义为。结合后文EEW可知EEW是Earthquake Early Warning的首字母缩写，因此此处指地震预警系统，也被称为EEW。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在不存在这种设备地方，MyShake可能是早期侦测地震的唯一方法。A. exists存在；B. forms形成；C. counts计算；D. exploits开发。根据后文MyShake may be the only method of可知一些地方不存在在地震预警系统，那么MyShake可能是早期地震探测的唯一方法。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析
56、。句意：在不存在这种设备的地方，MyShake可能是早期侦测地震的唯一方法。A. protection保护；B. diagnosis诊断；C. detection侦测；D. resistance抵抗。根据第三段中MyShake uses phone accelerometers to measure seismic activity.可知MyShake的作用是侦测地震。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这组科学家说:“我们的目标是建立一个全球地震网络，利用这些数据减少地震对我们个人和整个社会的影响。”A. raise上升；B. receive收到；C. record记录；D. re
57、duce减少。地震是一种自然灾害，因此是要减少对个人和整个社会的影响。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：开发人员说，他们希望增加一项功能，提醒人们可能发生的海啸：地震后的巨浪。A. confirm确认；B. appoint任命；C. alert使警惕；D. acknowledge承认。结合后文people about a possible tsunami: a huge wave after an earthquake.可知开发人员希望给这款应用再增加一项提醒人们可能发生海啸的功能。故选C。Section BDirections: Read the following three
58、passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Learning how to cope with death has always been a cent
59、ral part of human existence. Even the Pixar movie Coco bases its story on the Mexican traditions of Dia de los Muertos. In this article, you will find out why and how Mexicans celebrate the Day of the Dead.I once visited the Museum of Mummies in the Mexican city of Guanajuato with a Swedish friend.
60、The mummies were displayed among fake cobwebs ( 蜘 蛛 网 ), and other cheap adornments (装饰物). Confronted with this seeming lack of respect for the dead, I explained to my shocked companion that Mexicans have a peculiarly different relationship with death to other cultures. As the Nobel Prize-winning Me
61、xican writer Octavio Paz explained in his work:“The Mexican is familiar with death, jokes about it, caresses it, sleeps with it, and celebrates it. True, there is as much fear in his attitude as in that of others, but at least death is not hidden away: he looks at it face to face, with impatience, d
62、isdain (鄙视) or irony.”The celebration of the Day of the Dead a week of festivities from 28 October to 2 November is an essential part of this embracement of death that is particular to Mexican national identity. The popular belief is that the dead have divine permission to visit friends and relative
63、s on earth and enjoy once again the pleasures of life. Therefore, Mexicans visit the graves of families and friends and adorn them with colorful flowers and offerings of food. The period is a joyous celebration of life, rather than a sober mourning of its passing.The origins of the festival lie in t
64、he 16th-century fusion of the Aztecs belief in death as merely one part in the wider cycle of existence, their ritual venerations (仪式崇拜) and offerings to the goddess Mictecacihuatl (“Lady of the Dead”) for the deceased, and the Spanish conquerors desire to accommodate these festivities within the Ca
65、tholic celebrations of All Saints Day and All Souls Day.In a country as socially and geographically diverse as Mexico, there is significant regional variation in the nature of festivities: the southern state of Chiapas is far more likely to focus its efforts on processions ( 队 伍 ) and public commemo
66、rations( 纪 念 ) of death than the valley ofMexico, where the decoration of altars ( 供 坛 ) in homes and tombs of the deceased is more popular. Urbanization, too, plays a large role in regional variations. For the south and rural areas the period holds far greater social and cultural significance than
67、in the north and large cities; families and communities in rural areas will often spend large parts of the year preparing for the occasion.36. Why does the author say “Mexicans have a peculiarly different relationship with death to other cultures?”A. Because Mexicans always show their respect for de
68、ath in the form of mummies.B. Because Mexicans do not fear death or respect it.C Because adornments like flowers can be seen everywhere during the Day of the Dead.D. Mexicans face death bravely rather than hide it away.37. Which statement is NOT true according to the origins of the Day of the Dead?A
69、. It was the Aztecs who determined how to celebrate the Day of the Dead.B. The Aztecs believed death was part of the wider cycle of existence.C The Aztecs would give offerings to the goddess of death for their lost loved ones.D. The Spanish conquerors wanted to fit the festivities into some of their
70、 Catholic celebrations.38. Why do Mexicans visit the graves of families and friends and offer colorful flowers and food?A. Because they can ask God to permit the dead to visit them in this way.B. To celebrate the joy of new life in spring.C. Because the dead will be permitted to visit their families
71、 and enjoy the pleasure of life again.D. Because this is an essential part of embracement of death.39. Which of the following explains the role that urbanization plays in the regional variations of celebrating the Day of the Dead?A. People in the south and rural areas put more emphasis on the occasi
72、on.B. People in the valleys usually decorate the alters in homes and the tombs of the dead.C. People in the north and big cities spend large part of the year preparing for the celebration.D. The southern states do not care about the decoration of alters at home.【答案】36. D 37. A 38. C 39. A【解析】这是一篇说明文
73、。文章介绍了墨西哥著名的亡灵节，讲述了其历史文化背景，庆祝形式等。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“True, there is as much fear in his attitude as in that of others, but at least death is not hidden away: he looks at it face to face, with impatience, disdain (鄙视) or irony.”可知，墨西哥人的死亡观中，虽然也存在恐惧，但并不会逃避这个话题，是可以直面死亡、坦然讨论的，这正是相比其他民族和文化最特别的地方。故选D项。【37
74、题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段内容“The origins of the festival lie in the 16th-century fusion of the Aztecs belief in deathand the Spanish conquerors desire to accommodate these festivities within the Catholic celebrations of All Saints Day and All Souls Day.”可知，亡灵节确实源于16世纪阿兹特克文明中的一些信仰和习俗，但后来是来自西班牙的天主教传入了“诸升节”和“万灵日”
75、，最终才融合出了现有的亡灵节的庆祝形式，A选项的描述不符合事实。故选A项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The popular belief is that the dead have divine permission to visit friends and relatives on earth and enjoy once again the pleasures of life.”可知，墨西哥人普遍相信逝去的人们可以得到神圣的许可重返人间享受生者的欢乐，因此才做出拜访坟墓、敬献花果的行为。故选C项。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Urbanization, t
76、oo, plays a large role in regional variations. For the south and rural areas the period holds far greater social and cultural significance than in the north and large cities.”families and communities in rural areas will often spend large parts of the year preparing for the occasion.可知，城市化在区域差异中也扮演着重
77、要角色。对于南方和农村地区来说，这个时期的社会和文化意义远远大于北方和大城市，农村地区的家庭和社区通常会花一年中大部分时间来准备这一节日。由此判断出南方人和农村地区的人更重视这一节日。故选A项。(B)This booklet, prepared by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), provides an overview on depression. It will help you learn the things that everyone should know about depression.This booklet
78、is intended for informational purposes only and should not be considered a guide for making medical decisions. For more information on depression, please visit the NIMH website at www.nimh.nih.gov.1. Depression is a real illness.Sadness is something we all experience. It is a normal reaction to diff
79、icult times in life and usually passes with a little time. When a person has depression, however, it interferes with daily life and normal functioning. Doctors call this condition “depressive disorder.” It is a real illness. Many factors may play a role in depression.Causes of Depression(1) Genetics
80、, brain biology and chemistry(2) Life events such as trauma, loss of a loved one(3) A difficult relationship(4) Early childhood experience(5) Chronic illness, drug and alcohol abuse(6) Any stressful situation2. Depression affects people in different ways.Not everyone who is depressed experiences eve
81、ry symptom. Some people experience only a few symptoms; others have many. The seriousness and frequency of symptoms, and how long they last, vary depending on the individual and the stage of the illness.Symptoms of Depression(1) Feelings of guilt, sadness, worthlessness, helplessness or hopelessness
82、(2) Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities(3) Difficulty concentrating, remembering, making decisions(4) Persistent aches or pains(5) Insomnia(6) Appetite and/ or weight changes(7) Consistent fatigue and decreased energy(8) Thoughts of death or suicide, suicide attempts3. Depression
83、is treatable.Depression, even the most serious cases, can be treated. The earlier treatment begins, the more effective it will be.Dealing With DepressionReach out and stay connected: Make real-life communication a priority! Spend time with other people and confide in a trusted friend or relative. Le
84、t them help you.Try to be active and exercise: Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise every day. This does not have to be all at once. A ten-minute walk can improve your mood for two hours.Eat a healthy and mood-boosting diet: Reduce foods that contain caffeine, alcohol, trans fats, and foods with
85、high levels of chemical preservatives as well as sugars.Get a daily dose of sunlight: Sunlight can help improve your mood. Whenever possible, get outside during daylight hours and expose yourself to the sun.Challenge negative thinking: Nothing is as bad as it seems at first. Try to move your focus a
86、way from concentrating on what is bad in your life.Find professional help: If none of the above tips help, do not wait for the symptoms to disappear. Seek professional help.4. You are not alone.In addition to your treatment, you could also join a support group. At the meetings, people share experien
87、ces, feelings, information, and coping strategies for living with depression.Depression Around the WorldNearly seven percent of American teens and adults are currently living with depression.About 300 million people around the world are suffering from depression.40. According to the article, depress
88、ion is NOT something that _. makes a person feel a little bit sad always has a clear cause a person can get rid of happens to a small group of peopleA. B. C. D. 41. According to the article, who might be suffering from depression?A. A teenager who frequently complained of stomachaches before going t
89、o school and preferred to stay in her room alone.B. A firefighter who had a sleepless night after a tough task.C. A mother who felt really exhausted after helping her child with her homework.D. An old man who had no appetite for his favorite food and decided to try a new diet.42. If you had a friend
90、 who was living with depression, you should probably suggest he _.A. make an overseas trip all by himselfB. stay at the gym and work out day and nightC. concentrate on the negative feelings and try to overcome themD. take professional advice and accept medical intervention【答案】40. B 41. A 42. D【解析】【分
91、析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本关于抑郁症的小册子，包括抑郁症这种疾病产生的原因、症状、可治愈性及普遍性。【40题详解】细节理解题。由第三点Depression is treatable 中的“Depression, even the most serious cases, can be treated.”可知，即使是最严重的抑郁症都是可以治愈的，可知是对的；题干要求选择不符合抑郁症描述的选项，所以可以排除所有含有的选项。故选B项。【41题详解】推理判断题。由Symptoms of Depression中的内容“Persistent aches or pains”及“Loss of in
92、terest or pleasure in hobbies and activities”可知，持续的疼痛和对爱好及活动兴趣的丧失是抑郁症的症状；A选项中描述的对象经常肚子痛、喜欢独自呆着不愿意参加集体活动，符合抑郁症的症状描述，可推断有可能是抑郁症患者。故选A项。【42题详解】细节理解题。由Dealing With Depression中的内容“Find professional help: If none of the above tips help, do not wait for the symptoms to disappear. Seek professional help.”可知
93、，治疗抑郁症的方法之一是要学会寻求专业的帮助，在医生指导下克服抑郁症。故选D项。【点睛】考试时间是有限的，为了快速准确解题，高效利用考试时间，要学会灵活处理，多渠道解题，有时候可以反其道而行之。如第1小题选项都是三个描述的组合，要求找出不是抑郁症的表现，说明四个描述中只有一个是正确的，所有只要找出描述正确的那一个，就可以把含有正确描述的所有选项全部排除，避免了一个个去对比，节省了解题时间。 (C)On Wednesday, two things happened. In Syria, 80 people were killed by government airstrikes. Meanwhi
94、le, in Florida, Elon Musks SpaceX successfully launched and fired a sports car into space. Guess which story has dominated mainstream news sites?The launch of Musks Falcon Heavy rocket, the most powerful ever launched by a private company, went off successfully. Musk sent his cherry-red Tesla roadst
95、er running toward Mars, launching “a new space age”. The event attracted phenomenal publicity and made the rocket launch a masterstroke of advertising for Tesla.Meanwhile, in Syria, where hundreds of thousands of refugees may be forced to return to unsafe homes, a UN human rights coordinator for Syr
96、ia said despondently(沮丧地) that he was no longer sure why he bothers to videotape the effects of bombing, since nobody ever pays attention. He wondered what level of violence it would take to make the world care.There is, perhaps, no better way to appreciate the tragedy of 21st-century global inequal
97、ity than by watching a billionaire spend $90m launching a $100,000 car into space.Musk said he wanted to participate in a space race because “races are exciting” and that while strapping his car to a rocket may be “silly and fun silly and fun things are important”. Thus, anyone who mentions the huge
98、 waste the project involves, or the various social uses to which these resources could be put, can be dismissed as a killjoy.But one doesnt have to hate fun to question the justification for pursuing a costly new space race at exactly this moment. If we examine the situation honestly, it becomes har
99、d to defend a project like this.A mission to Mars does indeed sound exciting, but its important to have our priorities straight. First, perhaps we could make it so that a child no longer dies of malaria every two minutes. Or we could try to address the level of poverty in Alabama which has become so
100、 extreme that the UN investigator did not believe it could occur in a first-world country. Perhaps when violence, poverty and disease are solved, then we can head for the stars.Many might think that what Elon Musk chooses to do with his billions is Elon Musks business alone. If he wanted to spend al
101、l his money on medicine for children, that would be nice, but if hed like to spend it making big explosions and sending his convertible on a million-mile space voyage, thats his right.But Musk is only rich enough to afford these money-consuming projects because we have allowed social inequalities to
102、 arise in the first place. If wealth were actually distributed fairly in this country, nobody would be in a position to fund his own private space program.Elon Musk is right: silly and fun things are important. But some of them are an indefensible waste of resources. While there are still humanitari
103、an crises such as that in Syria, nobody can justify vast spending on rocketry experiments.43. Why does the writer mention the two pieces of news at the beginning of the passage?A. To highlight the significance of SpaceXs successful launch of a rocket and a car into space.B. To illustrate the inequal
104、ity of wealth distribution and the consequent inequality of attention distribution.C. To appeal to the government for more attention to the air strikes and refugee crisis in Syria.D. To find out which news dominated the mainstream news sites.44. Why did the UN human rights coordinator for Syria feel
105、 disappointed?A. Because nobody appreciated his work and all the efforts he made.B. Because the violence in Syria is not serious enough to make the world care.C. Because however hard he tried, nobody seemed to care about the situation in Syria.D. Because he had great difficulty videotaping the effec
106、ts of bombing.45. What is implied in paragraph in 6 and 7?A. The space project of SpaceX cost the government too much money.B. Addressing problems of violence, poverty and diseases should be our top priority.C. Space programs are a waste of money that cannot be justified.D. It kills the fun to quest
107、ion the justification of the pursuit of space programs.46. What does the writer mainly want to tell us?A. We should pay equal attention to space projects and solving social problems.B. No private companies should be allowed to spend money in rocketry experiments.C. The successful launch of SpaceX ha
108、s distracted the world from more important things.D. The money and resources used in space projects could have been used to deal with various social problems.【答案】43. B 44. C 45. B 46. D【解析】本文是议论文。文章通过两条新闻的对比，引起人们对社会财富分配不公的关注。作者认为 解决世界上的暴力、贫穷和疾病等问题是我们要首先考虑的事情。【43题详解】推理判断题。在文章第一段中提到的一条新闻是“在叙利亚，80人在政府空
109、袭中丧生”，是关于贫困人群遭到不幸的报道；另一条新闻是“埃隆马斯克的SpaceX公司成功地向太空发射一辆跑车”，是关于私人公司不惜耗费巨资发射跑车到太空的报道。根据第二段中“The event attracted phenomenal publicity”，第二条新闻吸引了惊人的宣传。相比之下，第二条新闻引起人们的关注。因此可以推断，作者提到这两条新闻是为了说明财富分配的不平等，从而导致公众注意力分配的不平等。故选B项。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“he was no longer sure why he bothers to videotape the effects of bom
110、bing, since nobody ever pays attention. （他不再确定自己为什么要费心拍摄爆炸的后果，因为从来没有人关注这件事。）可知，叙利亚的联合国人权协调员感到很沮丧，是因为他觉得不管他怎么努力，似乎没有人关心叙利亚的局势。故选C项。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段中“A mission to Mars does indeed sound exciting, but its important to have our priorities straight.（火星任务听起来确实令人兴奋，但重要的是要分清轻重缓急。）”；下文提到世界上还存在严重的疾病和贫困的问题“a
111、 child no longer dies of malaria every two minutes. Or we could try to address the level of poverty in Alabama)”；该段最后提出“Perhaps when violence, poverty and disease are solved, then we can head for the stars.（也许当暴力、贫穷和疾病得到解决时，我们就可以奔向太空。）” 因此可以推断，第六段和第七段是表明作者认为解决暴力、贫穷和疾病问题应是我们优先考虑的事情。故选B项。【46题详解】推理判断题。
112、文章第九段中提出“If wealth were actually distributed fairly in this country, nobody would be in a position to fund his own private space program.（如果财富在这个国家得到公平分配，就没有人有资格为自己的私人太空计划提供资金了。）”和最后一段中提到“some of them are an indefensible waste of resources.（其中一些是毫无道理的资源浪费。）”作者认为社会上财富分配不公，一方面资源和财富被浪费，另一方面还存在贫困、疾病、暴力等
113、社会问题。因此在文章中作者想要告诉我们的是用于太空项目的资金和资源是浪费的，这些资源本可以首先用来解决社会上的贫困、疾病、暴力等社会问题。故选D项。Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.Think of Spider-Man, Iron Man and Ant-Man. Think
114、of Black Panther, the Mighty Thor and the X-Men. Think of the Incredible Hulk, the Fantastic Four and all the other superheroes that have stimulated the popular imagination. _47_. From a small office in Manhattan in the 1960s, he helped create a lineup of fictional heroes that have crossed from page
115、 to screen in a series of TV and movie adaptations and changed the face of popular culture.For many, he was the face of Marvel, if not comic books in general, witnessing the companys rise to become an international media giant. As a writer, editor, publisher and Hollywood executive, he played a crit
116、ical role in what comic fans call one of the mediums golden ages._48_. Lee gave the heroes flaws and insecurities, as well as an awareness of trends, social causes and a sense of humor, trying to make them real flesh-and-blood characters with personality, he told The Washington Post in 1992. Thats w
117、hat any story should have, but comics didnt have it until that point. They were all cardboard figures. _49_. Iron Man, for example, could join forces with the Fantastic Four, and Captain America could find himself a wedding guest alongside Doctor Strange. Lee created a fictional universe for readers
118、 to explore one that made readers buy multiple series to get the whole story.I used to think what I did was not very important, Lee told the Chicago Tribune in 2014. People are building bridges and participating in medical research, and here I was working on stories about fictional people who do cra
119、zy things and wear costumes. But I suppose I have come to realize that entertainment is not easily dismissed. Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created, said Disney chairman and CEO Bob Iger. Indeed, Lee worked tirelessly his whole life creating great characters for the world to enj
120、oy. _50_. His legacy will outlive us all.A. He inspired our imagination and hoped we could use it to make the world a better place.B. If all these entertainment products can be traced to one person, it would be Stan Lee, who died last November at the age of 95.C. Lee also appeared in a number of Mar
121、vel movies watering his lawn, delivering the mail, and so on.D. In order to keep multiple stories going at the same time, Lee wove them together into a seamless(无缝的) fictional world.E. Under Lee, Marvel transformed the comic book world by humanizing its characters.F. Through the honesty of guys like
122、 Spider-Man, we learn about different aspects of human nature.【答案】47. B 48. E 49. D 50. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诸多超级英雄形象的创造者斯坦.李。从他的功绩，他对漫威的贡献，他创造角色的思路，他编造故事的方法，以及对他对娱乐产业的看法等多方面介绍了斯坦.李.【47题详解】上文Think of Spider-Man, Iron Man and Ant-Man. Think of Black Panther, the Mighty Thor and the X-Men. Think of the I
123、ncredible Hulk, the Fantastic Four and all the other superheroes that have stimulated the popular imagination.(想想蜘蛛侠，钢铁侠和蚁人。想想黑豹雷神和X战警。想想绿巨人浩克，神奇四侠和所有其它刺激了这一流行幻想的超级英雄)与B. If all these entertainment products can be traced to one person, it would be Stan Lee, who died last November at the age of 95.(如
124、果所有这些娱乐产品都可以追溯到一个人，那就是斯坦.李，他去年11月去世，享年95岁)承接自然，选项里的all these entertainment products就是上文提到的所有“超级英雄”，故选B项。【48题详解】下文Lee gave the heroes flaws and insecurities, as well as an awareness of trends, social causes and a sense of humor, trying to make them real flesh-and-blood characters with personality, he
125、 told The Washington Post in 1992. (李给了英雄缺陷和不安全感，以及对趋势认识，以及社会原因和幽默感，“试图让他们成为有血有肉、有个性的角色”，他在1992年接受华盛顿邮报采访时说)与E. Under Lee, Marvel transformed the comic book world by humanizing its characters.(在李的努力下，漫威通过赋予角色人性改变了漫画世界)承接自然，下文所提到的flaws and insecurities, as well as an awareness of trends, social cause
126、s and a sense of humor就是赋予角色人性的具体内容，故选E项。【49题详解】下文Iron Man, for example, could join forces with the Fantastic Four, and Captain America could find himself a wedding guest alongside Doctor Strange. (例如，钢铁侠可以和神奇四侠联手，而美国队长会和奇异博士一起成为婚礼嘉宾)与D. In order to keep multiple stories going at the same time, Lee
127、wove them together into a seamless(无缝的) fictional world.(为了让众多故事发生在同一时间，李在小说无缝的世界把它们编织在一起)承接自然，下文所陈述的内容就是把各个故事的主要人物编织在一起的故事场景，故选D项。【50题详解】上文Indeed, Lee worked tirelessly his whole life creating great characters for the world to enjoy.(事实上，李一生不知疲倦地工作，创造伟大的角色让世界享受)与A. He inspired our imagination and h
128、oped we could use it to make the world a better place.(他激发了我们的想象力，希望我们可以利用它来让这个世界变得更美好)承接自然，上下文都讲述了李对世人的贡献，故选A项。IV. Summary Writing (71)51.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possi
129、ble.Standing desks have been praised for their positive effects on physical health, reducing sitting time and lowering certain health risks linked to a sedentary( 久坐的) lifestyle. But could standing desks have positive mental effects?New research suggests that students may think best when they are on
130、 their feet. It offers some of the first evidence of mental benefits of standing desks in classrooms.Testing was done on high school freshmen who used standing desks, evaluating them at the beginning and end of the school year. Dr. Ranjana Mehta, an assistant professor at the Texas A&M School of Pub
131、lic Health, led the experiments aiming to assess standing desks mental benefits.Through computerized tests, students executive functions were evaluated. Executive functions are the cognitive skills used to analyze tasks and break them into steps, and are directly related to academic needs like time
132、management, memorizing facts and solving multi-step problems. These functions are largely controlled by frontal(前额的) brain regions, so researchers used a portable brain-imaging device to examine any related changes.“Test results indicated that continued use of standing desks was associated with sign
133、ificant improvements in executive functions and working memory abilities,” Mehta said. “Changes in corresponding brain activation patterns were also observed.”“Interestingly, our research showed the use of standing desks improved mental function, which is consistent with results from previous studie
134、s on school-based exercise programs,” Mehta noted.Policymakers, public health professionals and school administrators should consider the positive effects of standing desks and make some simple changes in classrooms that will have the potential to increase energy expenditure and develop cognitive sk
135、ills. That would be a valuable contribution to the educational world.【答案】Standing desks have positive effects on physical health. Now new research offers evidence that standing desks offers mental benefits too. Experiments on high school students showed standing desks improved students executive fun
136、ction and memory/cognitive ability and problem solving skills. These effects are similar to the effects of exercise. Standing desks should be used in classrooms to burn more energy and improve cognitive skills.【解析】分析】这是一篇概要写作。短文介绍了站立式书桌对身体健康的积极影响。【详解】概要写作需要先理清文章主题和篇章结构，在此基础上再加以总结。可以先梳理各段的内容：第一段：提出站立
137、式书桌对人的健康有好处，而在最后话锋一转，引出文章中心论点：站立式书桌对于精神方面的影响。这一部分可以总结为：Standing desks have positive effects on physical health. Now new research offers evidence that standing desks offers mental benefits too.第二、三、四段：详述一项针对前面论点的新研究的过程，通过观察比较对照组高中学生学期始末的成绩来评估学生大脑的执行功能。第五、六段：引述研究主导人Metha的话，得出结论：长期使用站立式书桌使得执行功能、工作记忆能力等
138、都有所提升，即确实能提高学生心智，与先前的研究结果是一致的。这两部分可以总结为：Experiments on high school students showed standing desks improved students executive function and memory/cognitive ability and problem solving skills.第七段：作者根据前面得出的结论向决策者、学校管理者和健康专家们提出建议。这一部分可以总结为：Standing desks should be used in classrooms to burn more energy
139、 and improve cognitive skills.这样就可以较为全面、清晰地写出全文概要了。V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 有些家长从来没有意识到，替孩子们做所有事情其实对孩子们的成长弊大于利。（It）53. 专家认为 2019 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的疫苗可能需要 12 至 18 个月才能成功研发出来。（take）54. 各种在线学习课程会把你的时间表排满，所以你得抽出充足的时
140、间去放松或运动，正如你在校园学习时一样。（set aside）55. 当被要求居家隔离并保持社交距离时，很多人用各种活动自娱自乐，以乐观心态应对这 场危机。（entertain）【答案】52. It never occurred to some parents that doing everything for their children actually does more harm than good to their childrens growth. 53. Experts believe/think that it could/will/might take 12 to 18 mo
141、nths for the COVID-19 vaccine to be successfully developed. 54. Various online learning courses will give you a full/tight schedule, so you need to set aside enough time to relax or exercise just like when you are studying on campus.Your schedule will be filled with/crammed with various online learn
142、ing courses, so you have to set aside sufficient time for relaxation or sports/exercise as you would do when you are studying at school. 55. When (they are) asked to stay at home for isolation/quarantine and to keep/maintain social distance , many people entertain themselves with all kinds of activi
143、ties and cope with this crisis with a positive attitude.【解析】本题考查汉译英翻译能力。【52题详解】考查it作形式主语和固定句式。分析可知，所提供词it可作形式主语，结合汉语“有些家长从来没有意识到”应是主句，可由“it never occurred to sb.+that 从句”结构担当，即：it never occurred to some parents that；“替孩子们做所有事情其实对孩子们的成长弊大于利”可作句子的主语从句，从句中可以使用短语结构“do sth for sb.”，意为“为某人做某事”以及“do more h
144、arm than good”，意为“弊大于利”。故翻译为：It never occurred to some parents that doing everything for their children actually does more harm than good to their childrens growth.【53题详解】考查宾语从句和固定句式。分析可知，句子主语为“专家”，即experts；谓语动词为“认为”，即believe/think；“2019 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的疫苗可能需要 12 至 18 个月才能成功研发出来”应是宾语从句，其中，“需要花费时间做某事
145、”可由动词短语“it takes/will take/might take/could take time to do sth”担当，且“疫苗（the COVID-19 vaccine）”与动词“研发（develop）”之间应是被动关系，因此应使用该句式的被动结构：it takes/will take/might take/could take time for sth. to be done。故翻译为：Experts believe/think that it could/will/might take 12 to 18 months for the COVID-19 vaccine to
146、be successfully developed.【54题详解】考查固定短语和并列句。分析可知，“各种在线学习课程会把你的时间表排满”应是主句，其中主语为“各种在线学习课程”，可翻译为“various online learning courses”；“把你的时间表排满”可使用固定结构“give sb. sth”，即“will give you a full/tight schedule”。“所以你得抽出充足的时间去放松或运动”为结果，由“so”引导并列句，“抽出时间做某事”可使用固定结构“set aside time to do”，即“set aside enough time to re
147、lax or exercise”。“正如你在校园学习时一样”为方式状语从句，可由“(just) like+从句”表达。故翻译为：Various online learning courses will give you a full/tight schedule, so you need to set aside enough time to relax or exercise just like when you are studying on campus.分析可知，“各种在线学习课程会把你的时间表排满”应是主句，其中“你的时间表”可作主语，即“your schedule”；“被排满”为谓
148、语，即“be filled with/crammed with sth”。“所以你得抽出充足的时间去放松或运动”为结果，由“so”引导并列句，“抽出时间做某事”可使用固定结构“set aside time for sth”，即“set aside sufficient time for relaxation or sports/exercise”。“正如你在校园学习时一样”为方式状语从句，可由“as+从句”表达，其中as意为“就像；正如”。故翻译为：Your schedule will be filled with/crammed with various online learning co
149、urses, so you have to set aside sufficient time for relaxation or sports/exercise as you would do when you are studying at school.【55题详解】考查固定结构和省略句。分析可知，“当被要求居家隔离并保持社交距离时”为时间状语从句，结合句意可知，从句主语应是“many people”，与主句主语一致，可翻译为“When (they are) asked to stay at home for isolation/quarantine and to keep/mainta
150、in social distance”，其中“they are”可省略，从句可为省略句。主句主语为“许多人”，即“many people”；谓语为“自娱自乐”，可翻译为“entertain oneself with sth”；并列谓语为“应对”，可翻译为“cope with”；“以乐观心态”为方式状语，可由“with sth”介词短语结构担当。故翻译为：When (they are) asked to stay at home for isolation/quarantine and to keep/maintain social distance , many people entertai
151、n themselves with all kinds of activities and cope with this crisis with a positive attitude.VI. Guided Writing56.Directions: Write an English composition in 120 -150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.最近新冠病毒肆虐的特殊时期，全国各地大中小学都在组织课，学生利用电脑、手机以及各种 App 学习。 经历了两个多月的网上学习体验，请把居家上网课和在
152、学 校课堂学习做一个比较，并说明你更喜欢哪一种方式及理由。_【答案】Affected by the epidemic we have been studying online for more than two months. Online teaching is different from classroom teaching. Many students enjoy online teaching, but I prefer the latter. The reasons are as follows.First of all, the time of online teaching i
153、s flexible, but we are required to have a relatively high self-control consciousness. However, we dont need to worry about discipline problems in classroom teaching. Secondly, our eyes cant bear it for a long time in online teaching, which seriously affect the study efficiency. In addition, differin
154、g from online teaching through the screen, we can communicate with our teachers and students face to face in classroom teaching thus the teachers can easily judge the situation of the class.To sum up, I prefer classroom teaching to online teaching, for through classroom teaching I can concentrate an
155、d study more efficiently.【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。本篇要求考生写一篇短文，比较课堂教学和线上教学模式，表明喜爱哪种教学模式，并阐述原因。【详解】体裁：议论文时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主结构：总分总 要求：1.比较线上教学和课堂教学2.你更喜欢哪种模式，及理由。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）affect/ be different from/ enjoy/ preferto/ as follows/ flexible/ relatively/ worry about/ in addition/ bear/ face to face/ communicate
156、with第三步：连词成句1. Affected by the epidemic we have been studying online for more than two months. 2. Online teaching is different from classroom teaching. 3. Many students enjoy online teaching, but I prefer the latter. The reasons are as follows.4. First of all, the time of online teaching is flexible
157、, but we are required to have a relatively high self-control consciousness. 5. However, we dont need to worry about discipline problems in classroom teaching. 6. Secondly, our eyes cant bear it for a long time in online teaching, which seriously affect the study efficiency. 7.In addition, differing
158、from online teaching through the screen, we can communicate with our teachers and students face to face in classroom teaching thus the teachers can easily judge the situation of the class.8. To sum up, I prefer classroom teaching to online teaching, for through classroom teaching I can concentrate a
159、nd study more efficiently.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些高分句型，例如：Secondly, our eyes cant bear it for a long time in online teaching, which seriously affect the study efficiency.中which引导的非限制性定语从句；Affected by the epidemic we have been studying online for more than two months.中使用了过去分词作状语。
