1、Section Word power & Grammar and usage根据提示写出下列单词1_ n 一生，终生；存在期2_ n. 能力，胜任；技能，本领3_ n. 发明者，发明家4_ vt. 放弃；抛弃，舍弃5_ n. 约会，预约；任命，委任【答案】1.lifetimepetence3.inventor4.abandon5.appointment看单词学构词后缀ment可构成名词。如movement运动，arguement论证；论据；争吵，development发展；开发，treatment治疗，处理，待遇根据提示补全下列短语1stand _(指缩写或符号)是意思，代表，象征；支持，主张
2、2make _ 组成；编造3_lack of 由于的缺乏4stop sb._ doing sth. 阻止某人干某事5set good examples _sb. 给某人树立榜样【答案】1.for2.up3.for 4.from5.to根据提示补全下列教材原句1If you want to keep_the_page_available while doing something else, just minimize it.做其他事情时，如果想让网页保持可用，就把它最小化。2People often have to overcome failures before they can accom
3、plish something great.人们常常要战胜很多失败之后才能取得伟大的成就。3He was confident in himself, and eventually he did succeed.他对自己有信心，而且最终真的成功了。4When I got to the library, he was nowhere_to_be_seen.当我到达图书馆时，到处都看不到他的身影。5I would_rather tell him the truth than make an excuse.我宁可告诉他真相也不愿意找借口。 stand for (指缩写或符号)是意思，代表，象征；支持，
4、主张(教材P38)This stands for the World Wide Web, also the first part of a web address.这是万维网的缩写，也是网址的开头部分。stand by站在旁边；旁观；支持stand out 显眼；突出How can you stand by and see him accused of something he didnt do?你怎么能眼睁睁地看着他遭人诬陷而袖手旁观呢？Her bright clothes always make her stand out in a crowd.她那鲜艳的衣服总是使她在人群中很显眼。 (教
5、材P41)Thomas Edison was fired from his first two jobs for_lack_of competence. 托马斯爱迪生因不能胜任他的前两份工作而被解雇。(1) for (through) lack of由于的缺乏The trip was cancelled through lack of interest. 因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。(1)lack(for)nothing没有欠缺(2)a lack of 缺乏(3)lacking adj. 没有的；缺乏的；不足的be lacking in. 缺乏Too many teachers are tr
6、eated with a lack of respect.有太多老师得不到尊重。Japan is an island country which is lacking (lack)in resources.日本是一个缺乏资源的岛国。名师点津动词lack后面不要用in或of，但是be lacking和a lack后面可以用in或of。(2)competence n能力，胜任；技能，本领competent adj.有能力的；足以胜任的be competent to do sth. 有能力做某事be competent at (doing) sth. 在某事/方面有才干，擅长某事Make sure
7、the firm is competent to carry out the work.要确保这家公司有能力完成这项工作。She is competent(competence) at communicating.她很善于交际。 abandon vt.放弃；抛弃，舍弃；陷入，沉湎于(某种情感)(教材P41)They wouldnt have achieved their success if they had abandoned their dreams.如果他们放弃了自己的梦想，他们就不会取得成功。(1)abandon (doing) sth.放弃(做)某事abandon oneself t
8、o. 沉溺于(2)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的，废弃的abandon n. 尽情；放纵with abandon 尽情地；放纵地The boy was abandoned by his parents when he was a baby, so he tended to abandon himself to despair when meeting trouble in life.这个男孩从小就被父母遗弃，所以在生活中遇到困难时他很容易陷入绝望。They jumped and shouted with abandon.他们尽情地又跳又叫。 appointment n约会，预约；任命，
9、委任(教材P41)I think Id better apologize to him tomorrow for not keeping the appointment.我想我明天最好因未能赴约向他道歉。(1)keep an appointment守约；赴约make/have an appointment(with sb.) (与某人)预约/约会by appointment 依约；经预先约定(2)appoint vt. 任命；确定appoint sb.to be/as. 任命/指派某人为appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事(3)appointed adj. 约定的，指定的
10、He has an appointment with a client at 10：30.他10点半约了客户。The headmaster has appointed the headteacher to look into the matter.校长已安排班主任调查此事。You should phone his secretary if you want to make an appointment.如果想预约，你应该给他的秘书打电话。.语境填词1My mother made an _ with the doctor and they _ to meet at 9 this morning.
11、(appoint)2Edison was an _ who had many _， and the bulb was _ by him.(inventor)3I think she is _ to do the task as she has proved her _ to deal with such issues.(competence)4The large tour bus that we rode raced _ toward the southwestthe _ of Mount Fuji.(direct)5Mr.Mack was a very _ man.He spoke _ an
12、d moved carefully.(care)【答案】1.appointment；appointed2.inventor；inventions；inventedpetent；competence4directly；direction5.careful；carefully.选词填空for lack of，get annoyed with，stand for，make up，set a good example to，stop sb.from doing sth.，make an appointment with sb.1We_equality among all nations, big or
13、 small.2The crops all died _ water.3We need one more person to_a team.4He_me about my carelessness.5The headmaster likes to arrive early at school to_the other teachers.【答案】1.stand for2.for lack of3.make up4.got annoyed with5.set a good example to(教材P41) I would_rather tell him the truth than make a
14、n excuse.我宁可告诉他真相也不愿意找借口。【要点提炼】would rather do sth.than do sth.为固定句型，表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事”。I would watch TV at home rather than go to the concert.我宁可在家看电视也不愿去听音乐会。Rather than work(work) in a big city，the young man preferred to_teach(teach) in a remote village.这个年轻人宁愿在偏远的村庄教书，也不愿在大城市工作。名师点津would rather后接
15、从句时，从句常用虚拟语气：用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；用过去完成时表示过去的愿望。一句多译考试时他宁可不及格也不会作弊。 【导学号：25000017】1_2_【答案】1.He would rather fail than cheat in the exam.2.He prefers to fail rather than cheat in the exam.助动词阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法1I am speaking in favour of the Internet.2There are two main points which must be included when we
16、 analyse the Internet.3With the touch of a button or the click of a mouse，a student will find abundant information.4These problems do not occur as often when people use traditional reference materials.5To help solve this problem, a special clinic was opened in Beijing in 2005.6One university did a s
17、tudy about the students who had dropped out.助动词一般本身没有独立的实际意义，不能单独作谓语，通常帮助实义动词并与实义动词一起构成谓语，助动词与实义动词连用，表示时态、语态、语气等，或构成陈述句、疑问句和否定句。一、助动词的用法1助动词be的用法(1)“be现在分词”构成进行时态。He is giving a lecture.他在做报告。English is becoming more and more important.英语现在越来越重要。(2)“be过去分词”构成被动语态The window was broken by Tom.窗户是汤姆打碎的
18、。English is taught throughout the world.世界各地都教英语。(3)“be动词不定式”可表示下列内容：用现在时表示最近、未来的计划或安排，这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态的表达法。 He is to go to New York next week.他下周要去纽约。We are to teach the fresh students.我们要教新生。表示命令。You are to explain this.对此你要做出解释。All the questions are to be answered at once.所有的问题都必须立即回答。征求意见。How am
19、 I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他？Am I to go on with the work?要我继续做这项工作吗？表示相约、商定。We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。Audrey and Jimmy are to be married in June.奥德丽和吉米将在六月份结婚。2助动词do的用法(1)构成一般疑问句。Do you want to pass the CET4?你想通过大学英语四级测试吗？Does she get up early in the mor
20、ning?她早上起得早吗？(2)donot构成否定句。I do not want to be criticized.我不想挨批。He doesnt want to study.他不想学习。(3)构成否定祈使句。Dont go out on so cold a day.这么冷的天，不要出去。Dont be so absentminded.不要这么心不在焉。(4)放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气。I did go there.我确实去那儿了。I do miss you.我确实想你。/我真想你了。(5)用于倒装句。引导此类倒装句的副词有never，seldom，rarely，little，only，
21、so等。Never did I hear of such a thing.我从未听说过这样的事情。Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English.只有在开始大学生活时我们才认识到英语的重要性。(6)用作代动词。Do you like Beijing?你喜欢北京吗？Yes，I do.是的，喜欢。She works harder than he does.她学习比他努力。名师点津构成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。助动词do用于加强语气时，只用于一般现在时、一般过去时以及肯定句中。3助
22、动词have的用法(1)“have过去分词”构成完成时态。He has left for London.他已去了伦敦。The teacher had taught us the words several times before he asked us to read them.老师在让我们读这些单词之前已经教了我们好几遍了。(2)“havebeen现在分词”构成完成进行时。I have been studying English for ten years.我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。He looks tired because he has been painting the livi
23、ng room all day.他看起来很累，因为他刷了一整天起居室了。(3)“havebeen过去分词”构成完成时态的被动语态。English has been taught in China for many years.英语在中国被教授已经多年。Paper money has been used for over a thousand years.纸币已经被使用一千多年了。二、半助动词的用法半助动词是指在功能上介于主动词和助动词之间、本身具有词义的一类结构。常见的半助动词有：be able to，be about to，be due to，be going to，be likely to
24、，be meant to，be supposed to，be willing to，have to，have got to，seem to，be unable to，be unwilling to等。 We were about to start when it rained.我们正要出发，这时下雨了。 We have to be careful when driving.我们开车时要小心。三、情态助动词的用法情态助动词包括will/would，shall/should，can/could，may/might，must，need，dare，ought to，used to，had better
25、等，后接动词原形。Will you tell me your telephone number?请告诉我你的电话号码好吗？Shall I telephone her to tell her the news?要不要我打电话告诉她这个消息？.单句语法填空1If it_(not rain)tomorrow，the sports meeting will take place.2He _(do)come to visit us yesterday as he had promised.3Look！The race is about_(start)4Many tall buildings_(build
26、)in my town next year.5_you_(like) to answer my question?【答案】1.doesnt rain2.did3.to start4.will be built5.Would；like.单句改错1So real friendship should able to stand all sorts of tests._2I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people._3Since thenfor all these yearswe had been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please._4I was just helping a friend. Why does she punish me?_5I knew that they will be worried about me because I was so far away，and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. 【导学号：25000018】_【答案】1.should后加be2.删除had3.hadhave4.doesdid5.willwould
