1、Section Grammar & Writing动词ing形式作状语阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法1.I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.2I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.3She stepped back appearing surprised.4Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling，together with George Coo
2、k from Canada.5When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door.动词的ing形式(短语)可以在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，用来表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随情况。一、动词ing形式作状语的用法表示时间、原因或条件时，通常位于句子的前部；表示方式、伴随或结果时，通常位于句子的后部。1作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句Hearing the noise，I turned round.When I heard the noise，I turned round.听到响声我转过身去。2作原因状
3、语，相当于原因状语从句Being too young，he couldnt join the army.Because he was too young，he couldnt join the army.因为年轻，他不能参军。3作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句Working hard，youll succeed.If you work hard，youll succeed.努力工作，你会成功的。4作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句动词ing 短语作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句，有时它的前面可带有连词although，whether，even if，even though等。Admitting w
4、hat she said，I still think that she hasnt tried her best.Although/Though I admit what she said，I still think that she hasnt tried her best.尽管承认她所说的话，但我仍然认为她没有尽最大的努力。5作方式状语或伴随状语He walked down the river，singing softly to himself.He walked down the river and sang softly to himself.他沿着河流一边走，一边轻轻地唱。6表示结果
5、，作结果状语，相当于结果状语从句。通常放在句末，中间有逗号隔开，表示一种自然的、顺理成章的结果。His parents died in the war，leaving him an orphan.His parents died in the war so that he became an orphan.他的父母在战争中死亡，以致他成了孤儿。名师点津不一样的结果状语现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。二、动词ing形式作状语的注意事项1动
6、词ing形式的时态动词ing(短语)作状语时，要注意它的时间性，即注意是用其一般式(doing)还是用完成式(having done)。当动词ing形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用一般式。当它的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用完成式。Walking in the street，I met an old friend of mine.我正在大街上行走时，遇到了一位老朋友。(walking和谓语动词met同时发生)Having finished the letter，he went to post it.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(having finished是先发
7、生的，went是后发生的。)2动词ing形式的否定式动词ing形式的否定式是在它的前面加not。Not seeing John，I asked where he was.我看不见约翰，于是问他在什么地方。3动词ing形式的语态使用动词ing形式的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语间的关系。句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.(they是被带领着参观)被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。4动词ing形式作评注性状语有少数动词ing(短语)并不表示主语的动作，即不存在其逻辑主语必
8、须和句子主语一致的问题，只是表示说话人的态度。常这样用的有：generally/frankly/properly.speaking一般/坦白/恰当说来judging from/by.从判断considering.考虑到supposing.假设.单句语法填空1(2016北京高考)Newlybuilt wooden cottages line the street，_(turn) the old town into a dreamland.2Tony lent me the money，_ (hope) that I would do as much for him.3_(stand) in a
9、long queue，we waited for the store to open to buy a new iPad.4He got up late and hurried to his office，_ (leave) the breakfast untouched.5_ (gather) around the fire，the tourists danced with the local people.【答案】1.turning2.hoping3.Standing4leaving5.Gathering.用ing形式改写下列句子1The man who is speaking to th
10、e teacher is his father.The man _ the teacher is his father.2In the years that followed，he worked even harder.In the _ years，he worked even harder.3While he was waiting for the bus，he read a copy of China Daily._，he read a copy of China Daily.4Her mother died in 1990，and left her with her younger br
11、other.Her mother died in 1990，_ with her younger brother.5If you use your head，you will find a way._，you will find a way.【答案】1.speaking to2.following3.While waiting for the bus4.leaving her5.Using your head应用文写作关注信关注信(letter of concern)属于应用文的范畴。关注信是作者就某一个问题或一些现象，表达自己对事件的关心，并提出自己的一些看法和解决办法。一封好的关注信分为三
12、个部分：开头、主体和结尾。开头：简单介绍写信的缘由。主体：针对对方问题(如生病等)进行有针对性的鼓励和安慰，并适当提出自己的建议。注意语气一定要委婉，能体现出自己对对方的关切之情。结尾：简单的希望或祝福。亮点句式1开头常用语：Im shocked/awfully sorry to hear that.It was a great shock to hear that.It broke my heart to hear that.I just cant tell you how sad I was when I heard that.I cant tell you how sorry I fel
13、t when I heard that.I am writing to express my deep sympathy/care for you.2主体常用语：I understand how you feel now.I know the way you feel very well.Youll always have a support in me.Its true that attitude decides everything.So you should never give up no matter what happens.Please let me/us know if the
14、re is anything I/we can do.If I can be of any help，please dont hesitate to let me know.3结尾常用语：Im looking forward to.I hope our caring will help to comfort you.I hope that time will take away the sorrow of your recent loss.Remember that my heart and my thoughts are with you.写作任务假如你叫李明，你有一位来自英国的朋友Mike
15、。他与父母一道来到了中国。初来乍到，他发现自己在家时所学的汉语根本就不够用。因此，他给你发来一封电子邮件，向你请教如何提高汉语听说能力。请根据下面的提示，给他回一封邮件。邮件的内容包含如下要点：1邮件已收到，理解他所遇到的问题；2提出如下建议：在课内课外要多说汉语，应尽可能用汉语与同学交流，不要担心犯错误；在家看电视时，多注意节目主持人(presenter)的发音，以便提高听力水平；3祝愿他学习取得进步。注意：1内容应包括以上要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2.词数80个左右。_审题谋篇体裁电子邮件话题提出建议时态一般现在时人称第一、二人称遣词造句.词汇1与某人交流_2犯错误 _3注意 _
16、4取得进步 _5最后 _【答案】municate with sb.2.make a mistake/mistakes3.pay attention to4.make progress5.in conclusion/to conclude.句式1Dont be afraid of making mistakes.Making mistakes is quite natural.(用原因状语从句合并句子)_2You speak more.Your Chinese will be better.(用“the比较级the比较级”改写)_【答案】1.Dont be afraid of making mi
17、stakes，because making mistakes is quite natural.2.The more you speak，the better your Chinese will be.妙笔成篇_【参考范文】Dear Mike，I have received your email and I understand your problem.Here is my advice for improving your Chinese.Firstly，speak Chinese more，both in and out of class.Dont be afraid of making
18、 mistakes because making mistakes is quite natural.I think the more you speak，the better your Chinese will be.Secondly，in order to improve your listening，you should pay more attention to TV presenters when watching TV at home.Im sure you will make great progress with time going on.In conclusion，I wish you every success with your studies.Yours，Li Ming
