1、Section Grammar & Writing复习同位语阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法。1Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years，half the length of the life of the original sheep.2Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.3However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.一、
2、同位语及同位语从句的定义1同位语主要用于对名词进行解释与说明，属于名词的范畴，与其所说的名词是同位关系，可充当同位语的有名词(词组)、代词、数词、形容词(短语)、动名词(短语)、不定式(短语)及从句等。Are you two reading?你们俩都在看书吗？She has great concern for us students.她对我们学生很关心。2在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某个名词后面，用来说明前面名词的具体内容。常见的这类名词有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，promise，orde
3、r，problem，belief，word message，information，proof，announcement，desire，doubt，proposal，advice，possibility等。The news that the team won the game is exciting.球队赢得了这场比赛的消息真是令人激动。The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁应当做这份工作，这个问题需要考虑。二、同位语从句的连接词连接词thatwhetherwhowhatwhich句子成分不作成分不作成分主表主宾
4、表主宾表意义无意义是否谁什么哪一个连接词whomwhosehowwhenwhy句子成分宾定状状状意义谁谁的怎么样什么时间为什么The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.我们是否继续做这个实验的问题已经被解决。The problem what we should do next is being discussed at the meeting now.我们下一步该做什么的问题正在会上被讨论着。The question when and where we should spend our
5、 holiday has not been decided.我们要什么时候到哪里去度假的问题还没有决定。三、同位语从句的注意事项1同位语从句中的虚拟语气名词suggestion，order，demand，command，request等后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(shoulddo)”的形式。The suggestion that everyone(should)make efforts to make our country stronger is necessary.每个人都应努力来使我们的国家变得更强的建议是有必要的。2doubt后的同位语从句名词doubt(怀疑)后的同位
6、语从句用whether引导；no doubt(毫无疑问)后的同位语从句用that引导。There is no doubt that he will come to help me whenever I am in trouble.每当我有困难时他会来帮我，这是毫无疑问的。(no doubt表示肯定概念)We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.我们怀疑他们能否按时完成任务。3同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句定语从句功能不同说明名词表示的具体内容说明名词的性质、特征、来源等that不作成分，起连接作用，不可省略
7、作主语、宾语或表语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略，指物时可用which代替whether/how不作成分，起连接作用有“是否”；“如何”之意不引导定语从句wh类连接词作成分，起连接作用，有自己的含义，但与先行词无关作成分，起连接作用，没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分Jim got to know the news that the whole village was in great danger.吉姆得知整个村子都处在极度危险中的消息。(that引导同位语从句，解释说明the news的内容)Do you know the news(that/which)Jim told
8、 me?你知道吉姆告诉我的那个消息吗？(that/which引导定语从句，且在从句中作宾语)4分隔式同位语从句有时同位语从句与其所解释说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，从而形成分隔式同位语从句，这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。A saying goes that a constant guest is never welcome.谚语说：常客令人厌。(that引导同位语从句，说明saying的内容).单句语法填空1There is no doubt he will succeed in time.2We cant solve the problem we can travel fas
9、ter than light.3The question we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.4The message responsibility it was is known to all.5He holds the belief he will pay off if he works hard.【答案】1.that2.how3.whether4.whose5.that.完成句子1我不知道你在这儿。I had no idea 2有人怀疑约翰是否会准时到来。There is some doubt 3谁该做这项工作的
10、问题需要考虑。The question requires consideration.4永远不可否认的事实是他考试作弊了。The fact can never be denied.5护士们竭尽全力减少这位病人对将死于这种疾病的恐慌。The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear 【答案】1.that you were here2.whether John will come on time3.who should do the work4.that he cheated in the exam5.that he woul
11、d die of the disease应用文写作发言稿发言稿主要针对某一观点或问题(一般为有争议的观点或问题)发表议论和看法，因此写此类文章时要考虑的论据多为正反两个方面。通过对有争议的观点或问题的不同看法进行比较和对比，然后进行分析和评论，最后提出自己的看法，表达自己支持或反对的态度并加以论证说明，得出结论。1在文章的开头提出有争议的观点(一般提出两个相对的观点然后客观地对其进行评析)。2接下来可用一个或两个段落分别展开论述。在每段中，均可用主题句来点明论点，并对这些论点进行比较和对比、分析和评论。3文章结尾对所论述观点进行客观、合理的评论，提出自己的看法、建议，表示自己对某一现象或论点的
12、赞成或反对，阐明立场；或者也可以将不同观点相互融合，选其可取之处，形成自己独到的观点。亮点句式1There are different opinions among people as to.Some people suggest that.2Peoples opinions about.vary from person to person.Some people say that.3Everything has two sides and.is not an exception；it has both advantages and disadvantages.4On the contrary
13、, there are some people in favour of.At the same time, they say.5Faced with.，we should take a series of effective measures to.For one thing，.for another，.6As far as I am concerned，I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.I think that.7For my part，I think it reasonable to.Only in this way can y
14、ou.8From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that.写作任务每个家庭都有忙不完的日常家务活(household chores)。高中生是否应该帮助父母干家务活？在班会课上，你班同学就这一话题展开辩论。请你选择一方观点(正面的或反面的)，根据以下表格提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。词数：80左右。开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。不同观点支持1.减轻父母负担，是感恩形式之一。2.培养劳动意识，提高独立能力。3.反对1.枯燥无味，影响情绪。2.耗费时间，不利于学习。3.Should
15、Senior High School Students Help Parents With Household Chores?“Should senior high school students help parents with household chores？”Different students have different views. Thats all.Thank you!审题谋篇体裁议论文话题高中生是否应该帮助父母干家务活时态一般现在时人称第一、三人称遣词造句.词汇1支持 in favour of2对表达谢意 express thanks to3培养 bring up4意识到
16、 be aware of5调整思想 adjust ones mind.句式1We all know that our parents are busy with their work to bring us up.(改为包含定语从句的复合句)As is known to us all, our parents are busy with their work to bring us up.2By doing it, we may adjust our mind and may forget about our homework for the moment and this improve o
17、ur learning.(改为包含非谓语动词的句子)By doing it, we may adjust our mind, forgetting about our homework for the moment and thus improving our learning.妙笔成篇 Should Senior High School Students Help Parents With Household Chores?“Should senior high school students help parents with household chores？”Different stu
18、dents have different views.As for me, I am strongly in favour of students helping parents with chores. Firstly，it can reduce the burden over our parents and it is clearly a form of expressing thanks to them.If we help them do some chores such as cleaning up rooms, polishing furniture, washing clothe
19、s, cooking meals, etc.They will have more time to relax themselves.Whats better, by doing chores, we can be increasingly aware of the necessity of labor and gradually improve the ability of independence.Most importantly, by doing it, we may adjust our mind, forgetting about our homework for the moment and thus improving our learning.Thats all.Thank you!
