1、Unit 2Language当今社会，一个人会讲两种、三种语言已不再是什么稀奇的事。但你有没有思考过这样一个问题：世界上到底有多少种语言？读完下面的短文，你会大吃一惊。When people are asked how many languages they think there are in the world, the answers vary quite a bit.One random sampling of New Yorkers, for instance, resulted in answers like “probably several hundred”However we
2、 choose to count them，though，this is not close.When we look at reference works, we find estimates that have escalated (上升) over time.The 1911(11th)edition of the Encyclopedia (百科全书) Britannica，for example, implies a figure somewhere around 1,000, a number that climbs steadily over the course of the
3、twentieth century.That is not due to any increase in the number of languages, but rather to our increased understanding of how many languages are actually spoken in areas that had previously been described.Much pioneering work in proving the languages of the world has been done by missionary organiz
4、ations(such as the Summer Institute of Linguistics)with an interest in translating the Christian Bible.As of 1997，at least a portion of the Bible had been translated into 2,197 different languages，still a long way short of full coverage.The most extensive catalog (目录) of the worlds languages，general
5、ly taken to be as authoritative (权威的) as any, is that of the Ethnology (人类学) organization, whose detailed classified list currently includes 6,809 distinct languages.1random adj.随意的2estimate n& vt. 估计，估算3imply vt. 暗示；意味着4due to 因为，由于5extensive adj. 广泛的，全面的1Why does the number of languages climb stea
6、dily over the course of the twentieth century?_2What is the authoritative number of languages?_【答案】1.Because our understanding of the number of languages increases constantly. 26,809.Section Welcome to the unit & ReadingPreparing根据提示写出下列单词1_ n词汇2_ adv. 现在，如今3_ vi. 组成，构成4_ n. 混合，混合体5_ vt. 养育，培养；举起； 增
7、加，提高； 筹募；提及6_ adv. 因此，所以7_n. 过程；进程8_n. 区别，差别9_ n. 口音，腔调；着重点10_ vt. 替换，代替，取代11_ vt. 占领；占用(时间、空间等)12_ adj. 官方的，正式的13_ n. 词组，短语14_ n. 贡献，促成因素；捐赠15_ vt. 击败，战胜16_ adj. 完全的，整个的17_ n. 仆人18_ n. 羊肉19_ adj. 上层社会的20_ n. 拼写【答案】1.vocabulary2.nowadays3.consist4mixture5.raise6.therefore7.process8distinction9.accen
8、t10.replace11.occupy12official13.phrase14.contribution15.defeat16entire17.servant18.mutton19.highclass20spelling看单词学构词 后缀ion常用于动词后面构成名词，表示“行为；状态；(行动的)结果”，如：operation手术；celebration庆祝；congratulation祝贺；pollution污染；election选举等。根据提示补全下列短语1be made_of/consist_由组成(构成)2name_ 以命名3aside_ 除之外4take control_ 控制，取
9、得对的控制5lead_ 导致6add_ 增加，增添7go_ 经历，浏览，检查8_the other hand 另一方面9instead_ 代替，而不是10come_use 开始使用11result _ 造成，导致12play a part _ 在中起作用【答案】1.up；of2.after3.from4.of5.to6.to7.through8.on9.of10.into11.in12.in根据提示补全下列教材原句1That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.那就是为什么英语有那么多规则使人们困惑的原因
10、。2This_is_because English has many words and phrases from different languages.这是因为英语有很多单词和短语来自不同的语言3On the other hand，the English language did_borrow many words from French.另一方面，英语也确实借用了许多法语中的单词。4After the Norman Conquest, highclass people spoke French while common people spoke English.诺曼征服之后，上层阶级的人
11、说法语，而普通人说英语。5The question of whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer.英语在未来是不是要继续变化这个问题其实很容易回答。阅读P22P23教材课文，选择最佳答案1What is the main reason for Englishs development?AThe borrowing from other languages.BThe mixing of different languages from different countries.CThe invasi
12、ons.DAll of the above.2Old English consists of different languages used by different people.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?AThe Angles and the Saxons.BThe Vikings.CFrench.DCeltic.3Which language had an important effect on the English language during Middle English period?AGerman
13、.BFrench.CLatin.DGreek.4Which of the following is TRUE about the history of English?AThe language used before the middle of the 5th century is called Old English.BMiddle English started from about the 12th century and ended in the 15th century.COnly the English we are using today is Modern English.D
14、The process of Englishs development will not continue any more.【答案】14DCBB阅读P22P23教材课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式English has many difficult rules that/which confuse people.1._the middle of the 5th century，people in Britain all spoke Celtic.Then two Germanic groups from the European mainland and the
15、 Vikings from Northern European 2._(country) invaded Britain.They brought with them their languages，3._ also mixed with Old English.By the 10th century，Old English 4._(become)the official language of England.In 1066 the Normans defeated England and took control 5._the country.However，the Norman Conq
16、uest didnt affect English as 6._(more)as the Angles and the Saxons victory，which led to Old English 7._(replace) Celtic.Old French made 8._(contribute)to Middle English as well.Modern English appeared during the Renaissance in 9._16th century.But this was not the end of the changes in the English language.It is certain that English will keep on 10._(change)in the future.【答案】1.Before2.countries3.which4.had become5.of6.much7.replacing 8contributions9.the10.changing
