1、非选择题专练卷(满分35分).任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。(2017扬州高三一模)People join groups to meet basic needs and feel like we belong. Groups provide a significant way to understand and define ourselves both through groups we feel a connection to and those we do not. As steady soc
2、ial units, groups also help build shared value systems and are key to the structure of society.Sociologists have built on the distinction between the ways people interact with each other to distinguish between two types of groups: primary and secondary. The primary group is usually fairly small and
3、is made up of individuals who generally engage face to face in longterm, emotional ways. This group is usually made up of significant others those individuals who have the most impact on our socialization. The best example of a primary group is the family.Secondary groups are often larger and impers
4、onal. They may also be task focused and time limited. These groups serve a practical purpose rather than an expressive one, meaning that their role is more goal or task targeted than emotional. An example of a secondary relationship is that of a stockbroker (股票经纪人) and her clients. The stockbroker l
5、ikely relates to her clients in terms of business only. She probably will not socialize with her clients or hug them.Primary relationships are most common in small and traditional societies, while secondary relationships are the norm in large and industrial societies. Secondary relationships often r
6、esult in loneliness and isolation. This does not mean, however, that secondary relationships are bad. Further, primary group relationships can evolve out of secondary group relationships. This happens in many work settings. People on the job often develop close relationships with coworkers as they c
7、ome to share complaints, jokes, gossip, and satisfactions.A groups size can also determine how its members behave and relate. A small group is small enough to allow all of its members to directly interact. Examples of small groups include families, friends, discussion groups, and athletic teams. Peo
8、ple are more likely to experience primary relationships in small group settings than in large settings.As a group increases in size, its members participate and cooperate less, and are more likely to be dissatisfied. A larger groups members may even be stopped, for example, from publicly helping out
9、 victims in an emergency. In this case, people may feel that because so many others are available to help. Similarly, members in larger groups are more likely to work less because they expect others to take over their tasks.Types of Social GroupsDivisions of social groupsPeople expect to meet basic
10、needs and have a sense of (51) _ from joining groups.Social groups are divided into two types on the (52) _ of different interactions.(53) _ of the two groupsPrimary groups consist of (54) _ people.Primary groups serve peoples emotional needs.Primary group relationships (55) _ longer.Secondary group
11、s are larger in size.Secondary groups mainly focus on (56) _ purposes.People are related rather (57) _in secondary groups.Secondary groups may bring about (58) _ feelings.Switch between the two groupsPeople may feel dissatisfied and avoid their (59) _ when primary groups become bigger.Secondary grou
12、p relationships may (60)_ into primary group relationships.51belonging信息转换题。根据第一段首句可以知道“feel like”与空格前的“have a sense of”意思相近，所以空格处所填词应该与“we belong”意思相同。所以答案是belonging。52basis信息转换题。根据第二段首句可知空格处应该填basis。on the basis of意为“根据，以为基础”。 53Features/Characteristics/Traits信息概括题。根据右栏的内容可以知道此处应是这两个群体各自的特点(特征)。54
13、fewer信息转换题。根据第二段第二句“The primary group is usually fairly small . ”可知，这个群体由很少的人组成。再根据第三段首句“Secondary groups are often larger and impersonal.”可知，与次级群体相比，初级群体的人数较少，所以答案为fewer。55last信息转换题。根据第二段第二句中的关键词“in longterm, emotional ways”可以推断，这种类型的群体关系持续(last)的时间更长。56practical直接信息题。根据第三段中的“These groups serve a p
14、ractical purpose rather than an expressive one”中的“serve a practical purpose”可知答案。57formally信息概括题。根据第四段中的“while secondary relationships are the norm in large and industrial societies . This happens in many work settings.”可以推断，次级群体中人们的关系很“正式(formally)”。58negative信息概括题。根据最后一段中的“As a group increases in
15、size . from publicly helping out victims”等可以判断，这种群体可能引起消极的感觉。59responsibility/responsibilities信息概括题。根据最后一段最后两句可以推断，当初级群体变大时，人的责任感会变差，也就是说人们会逃避责任。60evolve/develop直接信息题。根据第四段的“Further, primary group relationships can evolve out of secondary group relationships.”可以推断空格处应填evolve/develop。.书面表达(满分25分)请认真阅
16、读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。(2017江苏省四星级学校联考)Two Chinese runners died after they collapsed at the 2016 Xiamen International Half Marathon in Southeast Chinas Fujian Province. A runner fell down and suffered sudden heart failure with 4.5 kilometers to go before the finishing line. The other runner fel
17、l down after crossing the finishing line.From the national perspective, recent years marathons have seen many accidents. After all, looking back on the various marathon incidents in the last two years, we can find that lots of helplessness and pain has been added to the sport which should have gener
18、ated joy.In fact, in 2014, three other runners also had no chance to run any more: On March 31st, a 25yearold female runner died suddenly in the Suzhou Jinji Lake International Half Marathon; on May 27th, a 21yearold freshman suddenly died at the 16th km in the Kunming Plateau International Half Mar
19、athon; on July 19th, a participant who participated with the qualification of another person died suddenly in the Kangbao Grassland Marathon at about the 18th km.Marathons, aiming to keep people fit, become the way to death, which worries many people, and what most worries them is that the victims a
20、re not professional athletes, but average people, so some even appeal to cancel a few marathon events throughout China.写作内容1用约30个单词写出上文概要；2用约120个单词谈谈你对“普通公民参加马拉松”这一现象的看法，并用23个理由或论据支撑你的看法。写作要求1写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3不必写标题。评分标准内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。 参考范文：In recent years, more and more averag
21、e citizens died while running a marathon, which worries many people, some of whom even appeal to cancel a few races.I strongly object to the fact that average people compete in any marathon race. On the one hand, while many cities in our country hold their own marathon races, their preparations are
22、not always satisfactory. Many people who are obviously not fit for the race are allowed to take part, so they certainly face all kinds of risks. On the other hand, the marathon, as an extreme sport, is rather demanding for average people, but the fact is that many of them, completely ignoring their body condition and health, make all their efforts to run, which, unexpectedly, tends to end up with a tragedy.In a word, it is necessary for us average people to lead an active life, but it doesnt mean we have to run a marathon.
