1、2021高考英语二轮阅读理解解题与练习（十一）一：知识梳理细节题解题技巧 1：什么叫定位 （先看题；带着问题读文章） 2：定位标志的选择原则(1. 明显定位词（大写字母；数字；敏感词（最高级；序数词；唯一性(2. 核心含义定位：优先考虑名词（多个）以防定位不准；再找形容词副词；最后找动词）3：解题步骤： a：从题目中找寻定位标志（选多个词定位，以防1个词无法定位）b：文中找词（题文同序；均匀分布）一次性看完所有题；记忆定位c：确定答案所在句（定位标志出现后，开始详细翻译；发现是所问为答案；不是所问；非答案，陈述对象发生转变；非答案） d：选择答案：1：同义替换2：证明中心3：全面大于片面（A片
2、面；证明中心，B全面；偏离中心）二：习题训练（A）I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others. To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the s
3、hort play.Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright(剧作家) hopes to get across through dialogue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection,
4、for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types is represented here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional drama. To show the versatility(多面性) of the sh
5、ort play, I have included a guidance play, a radio play and a television play.Among the writers of the plays in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson, Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the the
6、ater. More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book.To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience. The houselights dim(变暗). The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogu
7、e will tell you the story.1.What do we know about the author from the first paragraph?A.He has written dozens of plays.B.He has a deep love for the theater.C.He is a professional stage actor.D.He likes reading short plays to others.2.What does the author avoid doing in his work?A.Stating the plays c
8、entral ideas.B.Selecting works by famous playwrights.C.Including various types of plays.D.Offering information on the playwrights.3.What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays?A.Control their feelings.B.Apply their acting skills.C.Use their imagination.D.Keep their audience in mi
9、nd.4.What is this text?A.A short story.B.An introduction to a book.C.A play review.D.An advertisement for a theater.（B）When a leafy plant is under attack,it doesnt sit quietly.Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out
10、a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give ou
11、t VOCs when being attacked.Its a plants way of crying out.But is anyone listening?Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbors react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enem
12、ies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors,relatively speaking,stay safer beca
13、use they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plants talk to each other?Scientists dont know.Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches,and so,in effect,was talking to itself.Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry.
14、So information was exchanged,but it wasnt a true,intentional back and forth.Charles Darwin,over 150 years ago,imagined a world far busier,noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear.Our senses are weak.Theres a whole lot going on.1.What does a plant do when it is under attack?A
15、.It makes noises.B.It gets help from other plants.C.It stands quietly.D.It sends out certain chemicals.2.What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?A.The attackers get attacked.B.The insects gather under the table.C.The plants get ready to fight back.D.The perfumes attract n
16、atural enemies.3.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .A.predict natural disastersB.protect themselves against insectsC.talk to one another intentionally D.help their neighbors when necessary4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.The world is changing faster than ever.B.People h
17、ave stronger senses than before.C.The world is more complex than it seems.D.People in Darwins time were more imaginative.（C）There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees;another gets the shade”,and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters.The relationship be
18、tween a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing.It can be similar to friendship.However,the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship.These characteristics include a level of responsibilities and unconditional love,which preclude mothers a
19、nd daughters from being best friends.Marina,27 years old,said,“I love spending time with my mom,but I wouldnt consider her my best friend.Best friends dont pay for your wedding.Best friends dont remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life!Best friends dont tell you how wise they
20、are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesnt mean that the mother and daughter relationship cant be very close and satisfying.While some adult relationships are still troubled,many find them to be extremely rewarding.This generation of mothers and adult daughters
21、has a lot in common,which increases the likelihood of shared companionship.Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being home-makers,responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions.Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of
22、 the workforce and technology,which may bring them even closer together.Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends,but for better or worse,the mother and daughter relationship is permanent,even if for some unfortunate reason they arent speaking.The mother and child relationship is close
23、r than any other.There is not an equal relationship.Daughters should not feel responsible for their mothers emotional well-being.It isnt that they dont care deeply about their mothers.Its just that they shouldnt be burdened with their mothers well-being.The mother and daughter relationship is a rela
24、tionship that is not replaceable for any other.Mothers never stop being mothers,which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness.Mothers always “trump(胜过)” friends.1.What does the underlined word “preclude” in Para.1 probably mean?A.diffe
25、rB.preventC.benefitD.change2.What do you know from the text?A.The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend.B.A mothers love brings her and her daughter a close friendship.C.The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friends friendship.D.Marina has a troubled relat
26、ionship with her mother.3.How does the author mainly prove his statement?A.By listing data.B.By giving explanations.C.By quoting sayings.D.By making comparisons.4.What is the best title for the text?A.How to be a good mother and daughter?B.Who is a mothers best friend?C.Mothers or friends?D.Can a mother be a daughters best friend?参考答案：A篇：BACBB篇：DABCC篇：BCBD
