1、2021年高考英语高频核心词汇释义比较与分类记忆03英语不规则变化动词读背记AAA式动词原形过去式过去分词汉语costk:stcostk:stcostk:st花费cutktcutktcutkt割，切hurth:thurth:thurth:t受伤hithIthithIthithIt打，撞letletletletletlet让putptputptputpt放下readri:dreadredreadred读setsetsetsetsetset安排，安置spreadspredspreadspredspreadspred展开，传播，涂spitspItspit/spatspItspit/spatspIt吐
2、痰shuttshuttshutt关上,闭起,停止营业AAB式动词原形过去式过去分词汉语beatbi:tbeatbi:tbeatenbi:tn打败ABA式动词原形过去式过去分词汉语becomebIkmbecamebIkeImbecomebIkm变comekmcamekeImcomekm来runrnranrnrunrn跑ABB式（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d,t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词汉语burnb:nburntb:nt/burnedb:ndburntb:nt/burnedb:nd燃烧dealdi:ldealtdeltdealtdelt解决dreamdri:mdrea
3、med/dreamtdremtdreamed/dreamtdremt做梦hearhIheardh:dheardh:d听见hanghhanged/hunghhanged/hungh绞死，悬挂learnl:nlearned/learntl:ntlearned/learntl:nt学习lightlaItlit/lightedlItlit/lightedlIt点燃,照亮meanmi:nmeantmentmeantment意思provepru:vprovedproved /provenpru:vn证明,证实,试验shineaInshonen/shinedshonen/shined使照耀，使发光shows
4、howedshowed/shownn展示,给看smellsmelsmelled/smeltsmeltsmelled/smeltsmelt闻,嗅speedspi:dspedsped/speededspedsped/speeded加速spellspelspelled/speltspeltspelled/speltspelt拼写wakeweIkwokewkwokenwkn醒来，叫醒,激发（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词汉语buildbIldbuiltbIltbuiltbIlt建筑lendlendlentlentlentlent借给rebu
5、ild,ri:bIldrebuilt,ri:bIltrebuilt,ri:bIlt改建,重建sendsendsentsentsentsent送spendspendspentspentspentspent花费（3）原形oughtought动词原形过去式过去分词汉语bringbrIbroughtbr:tbroughtbr:t带来buybaIboughtb:tboughtb:t买fightfaItfoughtf:tfoughtf:t打架thinkIkthought:tthought:t思考,想(4)原形aughtaught动词原形过去式过去分词汉语catchktcaughtk:tcaughtk:t捉
6、,抓teachti:ttaughtt:ttaughtt:t教（5）变其中一个元音字母动词原形过去式过去分词汉语digdIdugddugd掘(土),挖(洞、沟等)feedfi:dfedfedfedfed喂findfaIndfoundfandfoundfand发现，找到getetgottgot/gottentn得到holdhldheldheldheldheld拥有，握住，支持leadli:dledledledled引导,带领,领导meetmi:tmetmetmetmet遇见sitsItsatstsatst坐shootu:tshottshott射击spitspItspit/spatsptspit/s
7、patspt吐痰stickstIkstuckstkstuckstk插进,刺入,粘住winwInwonwnwonwn赢（6）原形lt/pt/ft动词原形过去式过去分词汉语feelfi:lfeltfeltfeltfelt感到keepki:pkeptkeptkeptkept保持leaveli:vleftleftleftleft离开sleepsli:psleptsleptsleptslept睡觉sweepswi:psweptsweptsweptswept扫(7)其他动词原形过去式过去分词汉语layleIlaidleIdlaidleId下蛋,放置paypeIpaidpeIdpaidpeId付sayseI
8、saidsedsaidsed说standstndstoodstdstoodstd站understand,ndstndunderstood,ndstdunderstood,ndstd明白loselu:zlostlst,l:stlostlst,l:st失去havehvhadhd,hdhadhd,hd有makemeIkmademeIdmademeId制造sellselsoldsldsoldsld卖tellteltoldtldtoldtld告诉retell,ri:telretold,ri:tldretold,ri:tld重讲，重复，复述ABC式（1）原形过去式原形+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词汉语b
9、lowblblewblu:blownbln吹drivedraIvdrovedrvdrivendrIvn驾驶drawdr:drewdru:drawndr:n画画eati:tateet,eIteateni:tn吃fallf:lfellfelfallenf:ln落下giveIvgaveeIvgivenIvn给growrgrewru:grownrn生长forgivefIvforgavefeIvforgivenfIv原谅,饶恕knownknewnju:,nu:knownnn知道mistakemIsteIkmistookmIstkmistakenmIsteIkn弄错;误解,overeat,vri:tove
10、rate,vreItovereaten,vri:tn(使)吃过量provepru:vprovedprovenpru:vn/proved证明,证实,试验taketeIktooktktakenteIkn拿throwrthrewru:thrownrn抛，扔rideraIdroderdriddenrIdn骑seesi:saws:seensi:n看见showshowedshowed/shownn展示writeraItwrotertwrittenrItn写（2）原形过去式过去式+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词汉语breakbreIkbrokebrkbrokenbrkn打破choosetu:zchosetz
11、chosentzn选择getetgottgot/gottentn得到hidehaIdhidhIdhiddenhIdn隐藏forgetfetforgotftforgottenftn忘记freezefri:zfrozefrzfrozenfrzn冷冻,结冰，感到严寒speakspi:kspokespkspokenspkn说stealsti:lstolestlstolenstln偷(3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。iau动词原形过去式过去分词汉语beginbiInbeganbInbegunbIn开始drinkdrIkdrankdrkdrunkdrk喝singsIsangssungs唱sinksiksanksk/sunksunksk下沉,沉没swimswImswamswmswumswm游泳ringrIrangrrungr打电话（4）其他动词原形过去式过去分词汉语be(am,is,are)was/werebeen是bearbe(r)boreb:(r)born/borneb:n负担,忍受dodu,du:diddIddonedn做flyflaIflewflu:/fliedflownfln/flied飞gowentwentgonen/been去lielaIlayleIlainleIn躺wearwe(r)worew:(r)wornw:n穿
