1、Section Language Points () (Warmup & Lesson 1).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1They had received no news of him since his departure (离开) from the island.2Prejudice(偏见) and old habits are forces that cant be ignored.3In modern war，civilians(平民) , as well as soldiers，are killed.4He smiled suddenly，exposing(露出)
2、his white teeth.5We had a big snow here a fortnight(两周) ago.6He is so stubborn that he never compromises with anybody.7Under no circumstances should we betray our motherland.8The books in the library are classified by subject.9The department he rent yesterday is well furnished10We believe the court
3、can find justice for us.拓展词汇根据词性或汉语提示，写出下列单词1immigrate vt.移入；使移居入境immigration n移民入境2race n种族racial adj.种族之间的3furnish vt.提供；装备furnished adj.配有家具的furniture n家具4expose vt.使置身危险中exposure n暴露exposed adj.暴露的；无掩蔽的5depart vi.离开，离去departure n离开，离去6classify vt.把分类classified adj.分类的；机密的classification n分类；类别；等级
4、.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1hand over把交给2out of control 失控3keep sb.up 使某人熬夜4get into trouble 遇上麻烦5blow out 吹灭，熄灭6turn to 求助于；转向7bid goodbye to 向告别8drive sb.mad 使某人发疯9be exposed to 处于可能受伤害的境地10go back to normal 恢复正常11get rid of 除掉，摆脱12in a flash 瞬间，即刻.选词填空用上述短语的适当形式填空1Youd better blow out that candle before it s
5、ets fire to the tablecloth.2The bus went out of control and ran into a line of people.3The small craft was exposed to the danger of the open sea.4If you keep the rules, you are not likely to get into trouble5I cant get rid of this ink stain on my coat.v.uren.out of n.复合短语pressure 压力，压failure 失败expos
6、ure 暴露，揭露out of breath 喘不过气来；上气不接下气；out of balance 失去平衡；out of date 过时的；废弃的；背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Had they known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldnt have moved into the building.如果早知道他们的邻居是一位鼓手，他们就不会搬进这座大楼了。省略if的虚拟条件句。Had he come here yesterday，he would have seen Liu Xiang.他如果昨天来这儿，就会看见刘翔了。2.No s
7、ooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full nights sleep.他们刚一搬进去，噪音就开始了，他们几乎没有睡过一个好觉。no sooner.than.“一就”，引导时间状语从句。No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.我一到家，就开始下雨了。3.Wed be sitting there happily reading our newspapers, when suddenly so much water would co
8、me from above that wed be as wet as if wed showered with our clothes on！我们本来坐在那里开开心心地看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，我们就好像穿着衣服洗澡一样全身湿透！be doing.when.“正在做这时(突然)”，when为并列连词，引导并列分句。I was wandering through the street when I caught sight of my old friend.我正在街上徘徊，这时看见了我的一位老朋友。 betray vt.出卖；背叛；泄露(教材P134)He is betrayed by a
9、 family member.他被一名家庭成员出卖了。写出下列句中betray的含义A leader shouldnt betray the peoples trust in him.辜负He promised never to betray his country.出卖Her accent betrays her a Londoner.暴露betray sb./sth.出卖/背叛某人/某物betray oneself露出本来面目，原形毕露betray.by.因而泄露betray.to.向泄露；向出卖That man is likely to betray his friends to oth
10、ers.那家伙可能会(向他人)出卖朋友。She was terrified of saying something that would make her betray herself(her)她害怕说话时露了自己的底。He betrayed his intention by his behavior.他的行为泄露了他的意图。 hand over把交给；移交(权力，责任)(教材P134)Friction between the familyrun business and the military government first became serious when the owner w
11、ouldnt hand over his “secret recipe”当拥有者不肯将他的“秘方”转交时，这个家族企业和军政府之间的摩擦首次变得严重了。hand back交回；归还hand on传递hand down传给(后代)hand in上交，提交hand out分发，散发When will Professor Smith hand back our examination papers?史密斯教授什么时候会把考卷发还我们？Please hand on the documents to others.请把这份文件传递给他人。 turn to求助于；转向；翻到(书的某页)(教材P19)tur
12、n to the court for justice向法庭寻求正义turn away不准进入，拒绝；打发走turn down拧小；拒绝；调低turn in上交，交还；获得turn out生产；制造；证明是，结果是turn up出现，到场turn over翻转；移交All this may turn out to be impossible.这一切也许会被证明是不可能的。Ma Yun said he was turned down by Harvard 10 times after applying.马云说他十次申请哈佛都被拒绝了。He didnt turn up until half an h
13、our later.半小时后他才出现。 compromise n妥协；让步(教材P19)Government minister announces compromise on new TV violence laws.政府部长宣布向新的电视暴力法让步。(1)make/reach/come to/arrive at compromise达成妥协，做出让步(2)compromise vi.妥协，折中，让步compromise with sb.向某人妥协compromise on sth.就某事妥协In any relationship，you have to make a compromise.在
14、任何关系中，你都得做出让步。After much argument，the judges finally compromised on (agreed to give the prize to)the 18yearold pianist.经过激烈争论，评委终于同意那个18岁的钢琴手获奖。They were unwilling to compromise with the military，so they continued to fight.他们不愿与军方妥协，所以他们继续作战。 out of control 失控(教材P19)Army arrests “out of control”civi
15、lians.军队逮捕“失控的”平民。(1)lose control of失去对的控制in control of掌握/控制take control of控制，管理under control处于控制之下under/in the control of受的管理/控制(2)out of work失业out of date过时out of sight看不见out of balance失去平衡out of touch失去联系The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it was publis
16、hed.这本词典过时了：自从它出版以后许多新词被添加到这种语言中。The family may lose control of the company.这个家族可能失去对公司的控制权。There has been some violence after the match，but the police are now in control of the situation.比赛后发生了一些暴力事件，但是现在警方已控制了局势。 expose vt.显露；暴露；使置身于危险中(教材P20)Yang Mings neighbours say they were being driven mad be
17、ing exposed to such noise.杨明的邻居们说处于这样的噪音中他们快要被逼疯了。(1)expose sb.to sth. 使面临、使遭受(危险或不快)；使接触、体验(2)exposed adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的be exposed to处于可能受伤害的境地(3)exposure n.暴露At the presidential debate on Monday night, roughly 100m Americans will be exposed to Mr Trumps magical thinking.在当地时间周一晚的总统竞选辩论中，大约1亿美国人将见识到特朗普的
18、神奇思维。This problem is quite sensitive that might not be exposed(expose) to the medium.这是一个非常敏感的问题，恐怕不应该告诉媒体。图形助记图解expose含义 classify vt.把分类(教材P20)Yang Ming hates being called an alcoholic，but it is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upsets him most.杨明讨厌被人叫做酒鬼，但是实际上最让他伤心的是人们
19、把他的音乐归类为“噪音”。(1)classify.into.把分为classify.as.把界定为classify.by.按照分类(2)classified adj.分类(级)的(3)classification n.分类，分级Patients are classified into three categories.病人被归为三种类型。In law，beer is classified as a food product.在法律上，啤酒归在食品一类。Classified(classify) by size and color，the apples are put into boxes and
20、 shipped abroad.那些苹果按大小、颜色分类之后，装箱、船运海外。 (教材P20)Had they known their neighbour was a drummer，they wouldnt have moved into the building.要是早知道他们的邻居是一名鼓手，他们就不会搬进这座大楼。【要点提炼】本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，其正常语序为：If they had known their neighbour was a drummer，they.building.在虚拟条件句中，若从句谓语部分含有were，had，should可将if省略，把were，h
21、ad，should移到主语之前，形成部分倒装结构。虚拟语气在非真实条件从句中的用法：从句谓语主句谓语与过去事实相反的假设had过去分词would/should/could/mighthave过去分词与现在事实相反的假设动词的过去式(be 动词用were)would/should/could/might动词原形与将来事实相反的假设were to do/should do/动词的过去式would/should/could/might动词原形If he should not come tomorrow，we should put off the meeting till next Monday.如果
22、他明天不来，我们就把会议推迟到下周一。If I were(be) you，I would seize the chance to go abroad.如果我是你，我就抓住这次出国的机会。If you had taken(take) my advice，you would not have failed in the exams.如果你早听了我的建议，你考试就能通过了。 (教材P20)No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full nights sleep.他们刚一搬进去，噪音就开始了
23、，而且他们几乎没有睡过一个安稳觉。【要点提炼】本句是and连接的并列句。前一个分句采用了倒装语序，相当于they had no sooner moved in than the noise began；后一个分句与前一个分句相似，因否定副词rarely置于句首而采用了部分倒装语序，可转化为they rarely got a full nights sleep。其中no sooner.than.为“一就”的意思。英语中，表示“一就”表达法很多，常用的有：(1)hardly/scarcely.when.(2)immediately/directly从句(3)the moment/the insta
24、nt/the minute从句(4)each time/the first time/by the time从句(5)upon/on (doing) sth.He had hardly entered the classroom when the teacher began his lecture.他刚走进教室，老师就开始讲课了。He made for the door directly(direct) he heard the knock.一听到敲门声他就去开门了。On hearing(hear) the noise，he went out to see what was the matte
25、r.他一听见响声就出门看发生了什么事。 (教材P20)Wed be sitting there happily reading our newspapers，when suddenly so much water would come from above that wed be as wet as if wed showered with our clothes on!我们本来坐在那里开开心心地看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，我们就好像穿着衣服洗澡一样全身湿透！【要点提炼】when在此句中用作并列连词，意为“这时”，相当于 and at that time。(1)sb.was doing st
26、h.when.某人正在做某事，这时(2)sb.was about to do sth.when.某人正要做某事，这时(3)sb.was on the point of doing sth.when.某人正要做某事，这时(4)sb.had just done sth.when.某人刚做完某事，这时He was smiling when (suddenly) the door opened.他正在笑，这时门(突然)开了。I was about to go out when Tom came in.我正要出去，这时汤姆进来了。I was on the point of sleeping(sleep)
27、 when the phone rang.我正要睡，这时电话响了。(教材P9)Smith lives above the McKays and it appears that not only is he a keen gardener，he is also a fish collector.【分析】这是一个由and连接的并列句。第二个并列分句又是一个主从复合句，在that引导的主语从句中包含一个not only.(but) also.连接的并列句，且not only置于句首，其后的句子用部分倒装语序。【翻译】史密斯住在麦凯一家人的楼上，看起来他不仅热衷于园艺，还是个鱼类收藏家。语 境 自 主
28、 领 悟先观察原句Seldom has drumming caused such conflict.Had they known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldnt have moved into the building.Neither could they relax nor read a book without plugging their ears.It was only after careful consideration that we gave Yang Ming a warning.No sooner had they m
29、oved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full nights sleep.后自主感悟1.句是否定词置于句首，引起的部分倒装。2.句是省略“if”将“had”提前，还原句为：If they had known.3.句是it用于强调结构中。一、倒装倒装是将语句中的主语、谓语、宾语、状语等颠倒顺序的一种语法现象，常常具有强调语气，在英语中比较常见，也是高考中常考的一种语法。根据倒装的结构可以分为完全倒装和部分倒装。(一)完全倒装1there be句型属于完全倒装结构，该句型中be可换为appear，lie，live，stand，
30、remain，exist等表示存在意义的动词。There is a bench under the big tree.那棵大树下有一个长凳。It is said that there lived a god called Lv Dongbin in ancient times.据说古代有一位神仙叫吕洞宾。2here，there等方位副词及now，then等时间副词位于句首，句子的谓语动词为come，go，leave，run等表示动作趋向或状态(be)的动词，且句子的主语是名词时，句子完全倒装。Here is the book you want.你要的书在这儿。Now comes your tu
31、rn.现在该你了。3in，out，away，up，down，off等表示趋向的副词位于句首，且句子的谓语动词为go，fly，rush，run等表示动作的动词，且句子主语是名词时，句子完全倒装。Away flew the bird.鸟飞走了。Down went the boat.船沉了。4表语置于句首时，句子要完全倒装。其结构为“表语系动词主语”。Present at the meeting were experts on AIDS.出席会议的是艾滋病方面的专家。Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.这些东西
32、里有圣诞树、花、蜡烛和玩具。5分词短语置于句首时，句子要完全倒装。Seated in the front are the guests.坐在前面的是客人。Lying on the floor is a boy named Tom.躺在地上的是一个叫汤姆的男孩。名师点津完全倒装的句子中，谓语通常是不及物动词或be动词，时态为一般现在时和一般过去时，且主语为名词，不能为代词。即时训练1单句改错Beyond the river live an old fisherman.livelivesSuch is the facts, no one can deny them.isare(二)部分倒装1nev
33、er，seldom，by no means，not until，rarely，hardly，at no time，scarcely，little，in no way等表示否定或半否定的词置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.母亲直到孩子睡着才离开房间。2only状语(副词/介词短语/状语从句)在句首构成部分倒装。Only in this way c
34、an you learn English well.只有这样，你才能学好英语。Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.叫了三次，他才来参加会议。名师点津(1)如果only后面不是状语，则不用倒装。(2)如果only后面是状语从句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。Only Tom can come up with a good idea to persuade her to change her mind.只有汤姆才能想出好办法来说服她改变主意。Only when he is seriously ill does he
35、ever stay in bed.病得很重时，他才卧床休息。3so/such.that.结构中的so或such位于句首时，主句用部分倒装强调so/such和that之间的部分。So hot was the weather that we couldnt go to sleep.天这么热，我们都无法入睡。4so，nor，neither置于句首，表示前面提到的情况也适用于后者，后面的句子用部分倒装结构。Mary has learned by heart 200 words, and so have I.玛丽已经记住了200个单词，我也一样。I never play PC games；nor/nei
36、ther do they.我从不玩电脑游戏，他们也不。名师点津(1)若两个动词的形式不一样，即表示两种不同情况时，则用so it is with.或it is the same with.。Jane is a good student and works hard.So it is with Tom./It is the same with Tom.简是个好学生并且学习刻苦。汤姆也是。(2)当so表示“确实，正是”，是对前句内容的肯定和附和时，用正常语序。The students work very hard.So they do.学生们学习很努力。他们确实是这样。5在not only.but
37、 (also), no sooner.than，hardly/scarcely.when中，not only, no sooner, hardly，scarcely置于句首时，其后的句子要倒装，但but(also)，than，when后的句子不倒装。Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow.他刚到，天就下起雪来。Not only did he refuse the gift, but he also severely criticized the sender.他不但拒绝接受礼物，而且还严厉地批评了送礼者。6as引导让步状语从句时，从句须倒装；th
38、ough引导让步状语从句时，从句可倒装。Tired as/though he was, he sat up late.尽管他很疲倦，但他很晚才睡。7在省略了引导词if的虚拟条件句中，当从句谓语为were，had，should时要将它们置于句首，从句用部分倒装结构。Were I in your position, I would not go.我要是碰到你那样的情况，我是不会去的。名师点津部分倒装巧记口诀only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装；否定意义副连词，位于句首须倒装；表示前置主语长，平衡结构常倒装；so和such置句首，此时主句要倒装；not only开头句，前一分句须倒装；had，were
39、，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。即时训练2把下列句子转换为倒装句He spoke so loudly that even people in the next room could hear him.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.Although he is busy, he wont miss the football game.Busy as he is, he wont miss the football game.If it should rain, the crop
40、s would grow better.Should it rain, the crops would grow better.I have never heard such a thing in my life.Never in my life have I heard such a thing.二、强调句型(分裂句“It”)(一)强调句型的基本结构I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.我昨天在火车站遇见了李明。强调主语：It was I that/who met Li Ming at the railway station yeste
41、rday.强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.(二)强调句型的特殊结构1一般疑问式：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他？Was it in Zhejiang that Li Hua was born?李华是在浙江出生的吗？2特殊疑
42、问式：特殊疑问词is/was it that其他？When is it that they will leave for Beijing?他们什么时候动身去北京？3not until.强调句式：It is/was not until.that其他It was not until midnight that they reached the camp site.直到午夜他们才到达宿营地。名师点津(1)“删减法”判断强调句。把“It is/was”和“that”删去后，可重新排列一下句子，如果句子结构完整，句意通顺，就是强调句，否则就不是强调句。It is Tom that often helps
43、 me with my English.(强调句)It is strange that he did not come at all.(it作形式主语的主语从句)(2)It is/was.that.结构不能强调谓语，如需强调谓语，需用助动词do，does或did。He did write to you last week.上周他的确给你写信了。即时训练3单句改错You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel where the coach picks up tourists.wherethatIt was when we were re
44、turning home where I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.wherethatBach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century when his musical gift was fully recognized.whenthat.单句语法填空1Johns success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work that h
45、as made him what he is today.2Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.3It was not until I saw Mary the next morning，however，that I felt happy.4There are(be) thousands of people on the square.5Were(be) I you, I would try it again.单句改错1Hard although
46、 he tried, he didnt pass the exam.althoughas或though2Have I prepared well, I couldnt have lost the job.HaveHad3It was in the park where an accident happened to the old man.wherethat4It was because the bus broke down on the way we missed the train.we前面加that5So fast did light travel that it is difficul
47、t for us to imagine its speed.diddoes.单句语法填空1. While he is in poor health，he works hard.2She was saying something that would betray herself(her)3We were about to leave when the telephone rang.4It was what he meant rather than what he said that annoyed me.5He had just got(get) home when it began to r
48、ain.6They made a compromise with each other finally even though they quarreled fiercely.7The more one is exposed(expose) to the Englishspeaking environment, the better he or she will learn the language.8Should it rain tomorrow，we would have to cancel the football match.9He was here just now but he d
49、isappeared in/like a flash.10If I had not studied hard，I might have failed(fail) in the exam.单句改错1Exposing to the sunlight too long, ones skin will be harmed.ExposingExposed2Has he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here.HasHad3It was not until 11 oclock when we went to bed.when
50、that4It is the little boy that are enjoying the ice cream over there.areis5I had to compromise against my husband on this matter.againstwith.完成句子1Were you in my position, you would do the same.假如你处在我的地位，你也会这样做的。2Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。3I had just walked out of the kitchen when someone knocked at the door.我刚从厨房出来，突然有人敲门。4The more birds are exposed to light，the more active they are at night.鸟暴露在光线下时间越长，在夜间越活跃。5Quite a lot of people will betray themselves when tempted by money.相当多的人受到金钱的诱惑将会原形毕露。
