1、广东和平县2017高考英语短文语法填空一轮选练（三）及答案阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015吉林省吉林市第三次调测)People can often see a talking parrot on a TV show, in a movie, or even in someones home. The parrot has learned _1_(copy) sounds that people make. Dolphins, bats, and some apes also copy sounds. Now we can add elephan
2、ts _2_ this list of copycats (盲目的模仿者)Dr. Joyce Poole is a zoologist, _3_ studies the sounds of elephants. While she was in Kenya, she would hear strange noises _4_(make) by Mlaika after sunset. Mlaika was _5_ 8yearold African elephant _6_ it lived near a highway. Dr. Poole says that she couldnt tell
3、 the difference between Mlaikas call and the _7_(distance) truck noise. Why did _8_ copy the sounds of the trucks driving by? Animals that are able to copy sounds may enjoy _9_(practice) new sounds. When they are kept outside of their natural environment, they may copy unusual sounds. So far Dr. Poo
4、le _10_(spend) 18 years with two female Asian elephants. Asian elephants make sounds like birds to talk with one another. Parrots, dolphins, humans, and elephants show that being a copycat is one way that animals and people make new friends and keep old ones.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意
5、：文章主要介绍了动物比如鹦鹉、海豚、大象等都具有和人一样的模仿功能。1命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案： to copy根据learn后跟不定式作宾语，故填to copy。2命题立意：考查固定词组。答案：to根据add sth. to sth.把加到。故填to。3命题立意：考查定语从句。答案：who根据先行词是zoologist，定语从句中缺少主语，且是非限制性定语从句，故填who不填that。4命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案：made根据strange noises是make的动作承受者，应用过去分词作定语。故填made。5命题立意：考查冠词用法。答案：an8yearold African e
6、lephant的首字母的发音是/ei/，元音音素应用an，故填an。6命题立意：考查连词用法。答案： and 根据空前后分句之间的并列关系判断。故填and。7命题立意：考查形容词用法。答案： distant根据空后是truck noise是名词，应用形容词修饰，故填distant。8命题立意：考查代词用法。答案： it根据前文判断，可知填it指代这头大象。9命题立意：考查非谓语动词用法。答案：practising/practicing根据前文的enjoy后跟动词ing形式作宾语判断填practising/practicing。 10命题立意：考查时态。答案：has spent 根据空前的so
7、far判断应用现在完成时，填has spent。广东省2014语法填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。In social life, time plays a very important partIn the U.S.A.,guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation 1 a dinner party is extended only three or four days 2 t
8、he party dateBut it is not true in all countriesIn 3 areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make 4 appointment too far in advance because plans that are made for a date more than a week away tend 5 (forget)The meaning of time differs in different parts of the worldThus, misunderstanding
9、s arise between people from cultures 6 time is treated differentlyPromptness is valued highly in American life, for exampleIf people are not punctual, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully 7 (responsibility). In the U.S.A. no one would think of keeping a business associate 8 (wait) for an ho
10、ur; 9 would be too impoliteA person who is 5 minutes late will say a few words of explanation, 10 perhaps he will not complete the sentence【参考答案】（10）1to2before; 3other;4an;5to be forgotten;6where;7responsible;8waiting;9that;10though广东省2014语法填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并
11、将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。Scientists have developed a non-stick chewing gum. The new gum can _1_ (remove) easily from pavements, shoes and clothes. Its the result of polymer (聚合体) research at the University of Bristol and could be launched commercially in 2008. _2_ it catches on(流行), the product will s
12、olve _3_ major headache for present authorities around the world.“The advantage of our Clean Gum is that _4_ has a great taste, it is easy to remove and has the potential to be _5_ (environment) degradable (可降解的),” said Terence Cosgrove, a professor of chemistry _6 _ helped to found a company called
13、 Revolymer to commercialize the technology.Todays chewing gums are made from synthetic(人工制造的) latex(植物的乳汁), which is resistant _7_ the weather and is strongly sticky. The new gum adds a special polymer to modify(修改，改变) its properties(特性), _8 _ (make) it far _9 _ sticky.In two street trials, other co
14、mmercial gums remained stuck to the pavement _10 _ Clean Gum came away(脱掉，脱落) naturally in all cases. 【参考答案】（11）6. be removed 2. If 3. a 4. it 5. environmentally 6. who 7. to 8. making 9. less 10. while 【上海市虹口区2014模拟】短文语法填空BA land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supp
15、ly all these were important factors in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution, but they were not enough. Something else 33 (need) to start the industrial process. That “something special” was men creative individuals 34 could invent machines, find new sources of power, an
16、d establish business organizations to reshape society.The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were more inventors than scientists. A pure scientist appreciates 35 (conduct) his research accurately. He is not necessar
17、ily working 36 _ his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may strive 37 (solve) a problem by using the theories of science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is wo
18、rking to obtain 38 specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives. Many of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not 39 (train) scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors.
19、Even those who had little or no training in science 40 not have made their inventions if a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years before.【参考答案】33. was needed34. who/that35. conducting 36. so that 37. to solve38. a 39. trained40. might/could/would【上海市崇明县2014模拟】短文语法填空A Directions: After read
20、ing the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Senator Jeff Flake, an adventurous politician,
21、went on a four-day Robinson Crusoe style holiday with his two sons, (25)_ of whom are teenagers, to a remote, uninhabited island in the North Pacific Ocean. They traveled 5,200 miles from Phoenix, Arizona to the island of Biggarenn. They didnt carry any food or water.The island is part of the Marsha
22、ll Islands. It offered no basic facilities, (26)_ the Flakes had to catch and cook their own food and purify their water. Their diet (27)_(make) up of coconuts(椰子), fish and other seafood. They captured the fish and other sea creatures themselves and cooked the food over an open fire (28)_(start) wi
23、th a magnifying glass(放大镜).The Flakes brought along a lobster(龙虾) trap in hopes of having some delicious treats, but it was lost within the first few hours after (29)_(attack) by a shark. They also carried two pumps to remove salt from ocean water. It took them hours each night (30)_ (pump) for just
24、 a small amount of fresh water.One of the most memorable moments of the trip, the father said, was (31)_ he and his 15-year-old son were chased by sharks after catching a fish in the ocean.Still, it was quite (32)_ enjoyable holiday for the politician. “For a dad it was a wonderful thing. No video g
25、ames around, no television, no texting,” Flake recalled.【参考答案】25. both26. so/and27. was made28. started 29. being attacked 30. to pump31. when32. an阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Three years ago, the president of Harvard, Lawrence H. Summers, got into trouble for questioning womens“intrinsic
26、 (内在的)aptitude (能力)”for science and engineering. Recently, a study paid for by Americas National Science Foundation has found that girls perform as well as boys on standardized math tests. Although boys in high school performed better than girls in math 20 years ago, the researchers found that is no
27、 longer the case. The reason, they said, is simple: Girls used to take fewer advanced math courses than boys, but now they are taking just as many. “Now that enrollment in advanced math courses is equalized, we dont see gender differences in test performance,” said Marcia C. Linn of the University o
28、f California, Berkeley, a co-author of the study. “But people are surprised by these findings, which suggests to me that the stereotypes are still there.”The researchers looked at the average test scores of all students, the performance of the most gifted children and the ability to solve complex ma
29、th problems. They found, in every category, that girls did as well as boys. Janet Hyde, a professor at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, who led the study, said the stereotypes about girls and math, had taken a toll (造成伤害). “The stereotype that boys do better at math is still held widely by teac
30、hers and parents,” hyde said. “And teachers and parents guide girls, giving them advice about what courses to take, what careers to pursue. I still hear anecdotes about guidance counselors (顾问)steering (指导)girls away from engineering, telling them they wont be able to do the math.”The study also ana
31、lyzed the gender gap on the math section of the SAT. Since more girls than boys go to college, about 100, 000 more girls than boys take the test, including lower-achieving girls who bring down the girls average score.1. What might be the reason to carry out the study? A. To put Harvard University to
32、 shame for its presidents prejudice against girls. B. To find out if theres any gender gap in science. C. To help girls to earn equal social status as boys. D. To enroll more girls in advanced math courses in the university. 2. Which statement about peoples opinions of girls is NOT true? A. People s
33、till find it hard to believe average girls perform in math as well as boys. B. Highly educated people are more likely to accept the fact that girls can do well in math. C. Many teachers and parents advise girls to avoid careers like engineering based on their talent. D. Some guidance counselors thin
34、k careers related with math are not suitable for girls. 3. We can learn from the text EXCEPT _.A. girls used to perform worse than boys in math because they didnt take as many advanced math coursesB. the stereotype about girls and math may lead to misguided choice of future careersC. the average low
35、er scores of girls in SAT math test prove that boys do better in mathD. the public doesnt accept outspoken prejudice against girls talent for math despite the stereotype4. The main purpose of writing the passage is to_.A. report the findings of a research into girls math abilityB. criticize those wh
36、o hold the wrong belief that girls cannot do well in mathC. prove that the stereotype that girls do worse in math is wrongD. help girls regain confidence in learning math well 【参考答案】14、BBCA 【由山东省2014模拟改编】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Our body clock，or natural body rhythm，influences our energy
37、and alertnessPaying attention to it can help us choose the suitable time of day when we best perform specific tasksThe reality，however，is that most of us organize their time around work demands，school deadlines，commuting or social eventsDoing whatever your body feels like doing is a luxury in todays
38、 fast-paced modem societyBut that doesnt mean it isnt worth tryingObeying our body clock has significant health benefitsDisrupting our natural body rhythm，on the other hand，has been linked to problems such as depression，obesity，or headache，says Steve Key，a biology professorWhen the body clock can sy
39、nchronize（使同步）the rhythms of its natural processes，it “gives us an advantage in daily life”，says KeyAccording to him，when it comes to cognitive（认知的）work，most adults perform best in the late morningAs our body temperature starts to rise just before awakening in the morning and continues to increase u
40、ntil midday，our memory，alertness and concentration gradually improveHowever，he adds，our ability to concentrate typically starts to decrease soon thereafterMost of us are more easily distracted（分心）between noon and 4 pmAlertness also tends to fall after eating a meal and sleepiness tends to peak aroun
41、d 2 pm，making that a good time for a napSurprisingly, tiredness may increase our creative powersFor most adults，problems that require open ended thinking are often best dealt with in the evening when they are tired， according to a study in the journal Thinking & ReasoningWhen choosing a time of day
42、to exercise，paying attention to your body clock can improve resultsPhysical performance is usually best from about 3 to 6 pm，says Michael Smolensky，a professor of biomedical engineeringOf course, not everyones body clock is the same，making it even harder to synchronize natural rhythms with daily pla
43、ns1If we know our natural body rhythm well, we can Afind out the suitable time to do specific tasksBorganize our time around work demandsCdo whatever our body feels like doingDbe sure to be healthy2Which of the following is NOT true?AOur alertness is influenced by our natural body rhythmBDoing whate
44、ver your body feels like is very difficult in our modem societyCObeying our body clock is good for our healthDDisrupting our natural body rhythm can lead to obesity3According to Steve Key，which of the following is NOT true?AWhen our body clock synchronizes the rhythms of its natural processes，we can
45、 do betterBWhen it comes to cognitive（认知的）work，most people perform best in the late morningCAs body temperature rises before awakening in the morning，our concentration gradually improvesDWe concentrate better in the late morning than between noon and 4 pm4Inspiration（灵感）to solve a difficult problem
46、will most probably come to us Awhen we get up in the morningBwhen we are tired in the eveningCwhen we are full of energy in the late morningDwhen we are asleep at night5Which of the following can be the suitable title for the passage?AWhat is natural body rhythm?BNatural body rhythm is good for usCSomething about natural body rhythmDThe latest research about natural body rhythm【参考答案】1-5 ADBBC
