1、教学设计Using Language：Speaking and writing整体设计教材分析In this period，the teaching activities will focus on speaking and writing.These activities offer students the opportunity to discuss what they need if they travel to the moon.If they were going off on a holiday they would take many clothes，shoes，creams
2、and lotions.But for space they need specialized equipment.It is also a good opportunity for a discussion about the pains and pleasures that might occur when travelling in space.Do students think the science fiction stories in this unit portray the difficulties of space travel accurately？If they dont
3、，in what way they fail？If students wish to be reminded of the dangers of space travel，they can watch the film “Apollo 13” about an American space mission that went wrong.Only the ingenuity and commitment of the astronauts and their helpers on the ground prevented a tragedy.The practice of speaking a
4、nd writing is important for students to use the vocabulary and structures they have learned.This is also a best way to test if students have mastered what they have learned.Encourage them in pairs to discuss what they need if they travel to the moon.Make a list of their ideas and take part in a clas
5、s discussion to find the best ones.Remind them to use the words and expressions of giving instructions.Then let them write a short article explaining one of the problems that they might have on the moon and set out what they should do to overcome this difficulty and have a happy visit.Speaking and w
6、riting are higher stages of language learning.The teacher should frequently give students some assignments of speaking and writing.Only in this way can students use what they have learned more freely.教学重点1Develop students speaking and writing abilities.2Let students learn how to give instructions.3G
7、et students to learn to write a short article to show their problems and the way to overcome them.教学难点1How to develop students speaking ability.2How to develop students writing ability.三维目标知识目标1Get students to learn more about what they need if they travel to the moon.2Let students know how to give
8、instructions.3Have students know how to write a short article to show their problems and the way to overcome them.能力目标1Train students speaking ability by discussing what they need if they travel to the moon.2Develop students writing ability by learning to write a short article to show their problems
9、 and the way to overcome them.情感目标1Enrich students knowledge of space travel and stimulate their interest.2Train students ability to cooperate with others.教学过程Step 1 Revision 1Check the homework exercises.2Ask some of students to retell the passage A VISIT TO THE MOON.Step 2 Warming up1Tell students
10、：As we know，life is different in a spaceship.There is very little gravity so that things float around.2Let them brainstorm the question：If we were going to the moon，what would we need?（spaceship，spacesuit，water，oxygen producer，a space camera）Step 3 Speaking1Let students in pairs discuss the followin
11、g situations and fill in the chart.What you need if you travel to the moon：to protect your skinto stop you flying off the moons surface and into spaceto stop your food floating awaySuggested answers：to protect your skinspacesuitto stop you flying off the moons surface and into spacea rope to tie you
12、 to the spaceshipto stop your food floating awayspace foodthat you can eat easily2Students work in pairs and give each other a number of “dos” and “donts” for going to the moon.When finished，choose the best ideas and read them out to the class.3Show the words and expressions on the screen to help th
13、em：DosDontsPlease pay attention toPlease check thatMake sure thatYoud betterWatch out forYou mustYou needPlease look atYou mustntPlease dontRemember never toDont forget toStep 4 WritingTask：Write a short article explaining one of the problems that you might have on the moon and set out what you shou
14、ld do to overcome this difficulty and have a happy visit.1Brainstorming for writing Let students brainstorm the questions：What problems might we have on the moon？How do you solve them?2Making a writing planAsk students to make their writing plans like this：Main idea：explain the three problems you wi
15、ll have while visiting the moon.Paragraph 1：one of the problems you might have on the moon.Paragraph 2：how you will solve it.Summing up：how successful the holiday will be if you follow this advice.3Have students write their articles.4Let some of them read their articles to the class.Others should gi
16、ve comments.Sample article：If I visited the moon，I might have the problem：how to move around.I would find it difficult to move around on the moon as I would weigh onesix what I weigh on the earth.This means I would bounce like a balloon if I try to walk.I would have to learn to walk differently so t
17、hat I dont fall over.If I follow this advice，I think I will have a happy visit on the moon.Step 5 Speaking Task1Suppose you，a school newspaper journalist，are going to interview Li Yanping after his return to the earth.2Let students get well prepared for the interview：1）Read the following questions a
18、loud and get the answers.2）Work out some more questions and their answers.3Have them roleplay in pairs.One will imagine he/she is the journalist and ask questions.The other will imagine he/she is Li Yanping and answer the questions.Then change roles.4Ask some pairs to present their interviews to the
19、 class.Suggested questions：1What was the most unexpected thing you found out about the “black holes”？2If you cannot see a “black hole”，how did you know you had reached one?3What was the most frightening thing that happened to you on this journey?Possible answers to the questions：1Most unexpected thi
20、ng：The “black hole” threw out material as well as swallowing objects.2Knowing when we reached it：You only know you are close to a black hole by seeing things disappear into what appears to be an empty space.The black hole cannot be seen.3Most frightening experience：When the gravity of the “black hol
21、e” was pulling us slowly into its “mouth”，and then the spaceship moved around the hole and began to go faster and faster into it，I was terrified because I thought we would be swallowed by the “hole”Step 6 Writing Task1Ask students to write an article telling their teacher and classmates about their
22、ideas and hopes for traveling in space.2When most of them finish，let some read their articles to the class.The teacher and others should give comments.Sample writing：I would like to visit the planet，Venus，if I had opportunity to go into space.I have always wanted to visit it ever since I first found
23、 out which star it was in the night sky.I think it would take me a long time to get there.So I would need a spaceship with lots of distractions.It would be very important for my exercise on my journey to Venus so I would need a gym and a swimming pool.Then my muscles would be strong when I return to
24、 the earth to tell my story.I hope that I will see many exciting things on Venus.I love heat but I understand it is extremely hot there.My spacesuit will have to be able to withstand heat of over 1000 degrees and not melt.It would be wonderful if I could pass close to the moon on my way to Venus.I w
25、ould like to be able to see the first footprints left by the American astronauts and find the place where they landed.I will be able to see that because they left a flag on the surface.I expect that when I get there Venus will be very cloudy，hot and humid.I shall need special clothes to wear and air
26、 to breathe.I would like to be the first astronaut to walk on Venus and plot its geography.That would be wonderful for me as well as my country.I hope I will be clever enough to take part in the Chinese manned space missions when I am old enough.Step 7 Homework1Finish off the Workbook exercises.2Rev
27、iew the contents of the unit and complete Summing Up on Page 32.活动与探究Go to the library and surf the Internet to find information and do some research to explain why there is life on the earth.You are required to write a research report and encouraged to give your own views in it.The beginning has be
28、en given：Why exactly there is life on the earth is still a mystery to scientists.The theories are numerous，but the answer is probably a combination of reasons.Possible version：Why exactly there is life on the earth is still a mystery to scientists.The theories are numerous，but the answer is probably
29、 a combination of reasons.First，the earths distance from the sun is idealnot too hot like Venus，not too cold like Mars.Second，the earth is the only planet we know of that has water on its surfaceover 70 percent of it is covered by water.Scientists believe that electrical storms on the newly formed p
30、lanet caused chemical reactions between gases in the atmosphere.These created the first building blocks of life，which fell into the oceans，where they combined to become simple plantlike forms.All plants make oxygen，and so an ideal atmosphere was soon created for the evolution of oxygenbreathing life
31、 forms.备课资料Further readingHow Old IS the EarthIn the very beginning of the earths history，this planet was a giant，red，hot，roiling，boiling sea of molten rocka magma ocean.The heat had been generated by the repeated high speed collisions of much smaller bodies of space rocks that continually clumped t
32、ogether as they collided to form this planet.As the collisions tapered off，the earth began to cool，forming a thin crust on its surface.As the cooling continued，water vapour began to escape and condense in the earths early atmosphere.Clouds formed and storms raged，raining more and more water down on
33、the primitive earth，cooling the surface further until it was flooded with water，forming the seas.It is theorized that the true age of the earth is about 4.6 billion years old，formed at about the same time as the rest of ours.The oldest rock geologists have been able to find is 3.9 billion years old.
34、Using methods to determine the age of rocks means scientists have to rely on when the rock was initially formed（when its internal minerals first cooled）In the infancy of our home planet the entire earth was molten（melted）rock，a magma ocean.Since we can only measure as far back in time as we had soli
35、d rock on this planet，we are limited in how we can measure the real age of the earth.Due to the forces，our planet is also a very dynamic one；new mountains forming，old ones wearing down，volcanoes melting and reshaping new crust.The continual changing and reshaping of the earths surface that involves the melting down and reconstructing of old rock has pretty much eliminated most of the original rocks that came with earth when it was newly formed.So the age is a theoretical age.
