1、专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考第5课时 高级词汇、句式及非谓语动词的运用专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考一、高级词汇 写作时，“高级词汇与高级句式”如能运用贴切自然，哪怕整篇文章只用上一两处，也会为你的作文增添色彩。(一)使用高级词汇的三大技巧 1.标新立异 写作时要恰当得体地使用一些蕴含感情色彩、别人有可能想不到的词汇，恰当地求新求异。专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考As far as Im concerned，parents much protection will domore harm than good to childrens future development.As far as Im
2、concerned，parents limitless protection willdo more harm than good to childrens future development.(福建卷)I received your email last week，but I am busy preparing formy final exam，which is important for me，so I didnt reply toyou without delay.I received your email last week，but I am busy preparingfor my
3、 final exam，which is vital for me，so I didnt reply to youwithout delay.(山东卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考2.短语优先 多使用短语、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。To achieve ones dream，one must try to equip oneself withrich knowledge and set a goal easy to reach.To achieve ones dream，one must make great efforts toequip oneself with rich knowl
4、edge and set a goal easy to reach.(北京卷)Whats more，we can pour out the troubles we face，andrelease our pressure from different aspects.Whats more，we can pour out the troubles we are facedwith，and release our pressure from different aspects.(重庆卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考3.避免重复 尽量避免过多地使用某一个单词，必要时选择使用其他恰当的同义词或短语来代
5、替。I like reading while my brother likes watching footballmatches.I like reading while my brother enjoys watching footballmatches.专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考(二)使用高级句式的七大策略 1.使用被动语态 We will have selected about thirty volunteers to the Marsthroughout the world by 2015.About thirty volunteers will have been selected
6、 to theMars throughout the world by 2015.(广东卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考Im delighted to know that the Shanghai Museum willorganize a famous art exhibition and you are collecting opinions ofthe public as to selecting the location for the exhibition，whichencouraged me to write to express my ideas.Im delighted to
7、know that a famous art exhibition will beorganized by the Shanghai Museum and opinions of the public arebeing collected as to selecting the location for the exhibition，which encouraged me to write to express my ideas.(上海卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考2.使用强调句 As a saying goes，the little thing matters most.As a sayi
8、ng goes，it is the little thing that matters most.(上海卷)Our parents have devoted their unconditional love to us，which indeed deserves our appreciation and reward.Its our parents who have devoted their unconditional loveto us，which indeed deserves our appreciation and reward.(重庆卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考3.使用倒装句
9、The children can grow up mentally and physically healthyonly in this way.Only in this way can the children grow up mentally andphysically healthy.(福建卷)I didnt realize words could be powerful in both positive andnegative ways until then.Not until then did I realize words could be powerful inboth posi
10、tive and negative ways.(湖北卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考4.使用省略句 If it is so，I hope you will have a wonderful time.If so，I hope you will have a wonderful time.(山东卷)Although they were faced with many problems，they didntlose heart.Although faced with many problems，they didnt loseheart.专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考5.使用感叹句 It is a v
11、ery splendid moment.How splendid a moment it is！(辽宁卷)I am very worried about his condition.How worried I am about his condition！(湖北卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考6.使用with复合结构 His mother is paving the way for him while his father isholding his jacket behind him，and we can see sweat on his face.His mother is paving
12、the way for him while his father isholding his jacket behind him，with sweat on his face.(福建卷)As the society develops rapidly，its necessary for us to havea good knowledge of English and computer.With the society developing rapidly，its necessary for usto have a good knowledge of English and computer.专
13、 题 探 究感 悟 高 考7.使用虚拟语气 It is high time for both children and parents to take action tomake small changes.It is high time that both children and parents took action tomake small changes.(福建卷)I missed being hit by the car with your help.Without your help，I would have been hit by the car.(安徽卷)专 题 探 究感 悟
14、 高 考二、高级句式 众所周知，作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味，句子与句子之间的关系显得松散；而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换，不仅句型多样，句子活泼，而且读起来结构紧凑，言简意赅。专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考(一)运用非谓语动词转换简单句 写作时，我们可以利用非谓语动词对两个简单句进行转换，使其成为较高级的表达方式。转换时可采用三步法。第一步：写出两个简单句。第二步：找准两个简单句的对接点，让一个句子作为主干，另一个句子用非谓语动词进行改写。第三步：判断应用何种非谓语动词，把握好时态和语态，最后连接起来。专 题 探 究感
15、悟 高 考【示例】第一步：写出两个简单句。I feel quite sorry for that.I begin to think about what to do to help.第二步：让句作主句，用非谓语动词改写句。第三步：句表示原因，其动词feel与主语I之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作原因状语。Feeling quite sorry for that，I begin to think about what todo to help.(陕西卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考其他几个转换的例子如下：1.另一方面，我将帮着建立英语角，提供给我们学生一个练习英语口语的平台。On the ot
16、her hand，I will help set up the English corner.Iwill provide us students with a platform to practice our oralEnglish.On the other hand，I will help set up the English corner，providing us students with a platform to practice our oralEnglish.(现在分词作状语)(天津卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考2.这儿的人都喜欢汤姆写的那本小说。All the people
17、here like the novel.It is written by Tom.All the people here like the novel written by Tom.(过去分词作定语)3.我们应该多讲英语。我们认为这是很重要的。We should speak more English.We think it is very important.We think it very important to speak more English.(it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考(二)运用非谓语动词转换复合句 用非谓语动词转换复合句比转换简单句要容易一些
18、，因为需转换的一般是从句部分，这时只需要判断用何种非谓语动词，再把握好时态和语态即可，所以只需两步。【示例】第一步：写出复合句。After we had practiced playing basketball for almost twomonths，we strongly desired to be the winner.专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考第二步：把after引导的时间状语从句转换为非谓语动词，practice与we之间为主谓关系，且表示完成，故用现在分词的完成式作状语。Having practiced playing basketball for almost twomonth
19、s，we strongly desired to be the winner.(湖南卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考其他几个转换的例子如下：1.惊诧于他们的熟练程度，我决心要像他们一样好。Because I was amazed at how skillful they were，Idetermined to be just as good.Amazed at how skillful they were，I determined to be justas good.(过去分词作状语)(浙江卷)2.看到一辆车朝她飞驰而来，我伸出手把她拉了回来。When I saw a car running
20、towards her，I reached my handout and pulled her back.Seeing a car running towards her，I reached my hand outand pulled her back.(现在分词作状语)(安徽卷)专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考3.这里曾有一家化肥厂，位于城市的南边。它每天释放出大量有毒气体，污染环境。There was a large factory，which produced fertilizer.Everyday it gave out a lot of poisonous gas，which pollu
21、ted theenvironment.Therewasalargefactory，whichproducedfertilizer.Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gas，pollutingthe environment.简析：“原句”中分别由which引导两个定语从句，重复且单调，将第二个定语从句转换为现在分词短语作状语后，不仅表达多样，而且言简意赅。专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考4.由于老师的帮助，我的英语进步很大。因为我的英语进步很大，我确信我能考上更好的大学。Because my teacher helps me，my English ha
22、s greatlyimproved.Because my English has greatly improved，Im sure Iwill go to a better university.With my teacher helping me，my English has greatlyimproved.Because my English has greatly improved，Im sure Iwill go to a better university.简析：“原句”两处重复出现由because引导的从句，读起来很别扭。换用“with现在分词的复合结构”后，读起来给人的感觉大不一
23、样。专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考【典例剖析1】(2014天津卷)假设你是晨光中学高二(1)班的班长李津，得知美国学生Chris 作为交换生，下学期将到你班学习。请你根据以下提示，给他写封邮件：(1)表示欢迎；(2)介绍与本地生活相关的信息(如天气，饮食等)；(3)介绍本班情况；(4)希望Chris做哪些事情，以增进中美学生间的了解和友谊。专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考注意：1.请勿提及与考生相关的真实信息。2.可以适当增加细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。3.词数不少于100；开头已给出，不计入总词数。4.参考词汇：交换生 exchange student Dear Chris，Im Li Jin，m
24、onitor of Class One，Grade Eleven._Yours，Li Jin 专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考试题解读(细审题)仔细审读提示内容，确定写作要点：对Chris的到来表示欢迎，介绍当地的生活环境，介绍本班的情况，Chris怎样做才能增进中美学生间的了解与友谊等。在布局谋篇上，除了完成试题所既定的要点外，还要适当增加细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。同时要确定好使用哪些高级词汇、句型结构以及恰当的连接词与过渡词。文章主体时态为一般现在时与一般将来时。专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考写作要点(定主体)(1)欢迎Chris的到来；(2)介绍与本地生活相关的信息；(3)介绍本班情况；(4
25、)Chris怎样做才能增进中美学生间的了解与友谊。专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考【佳作赏析】Dear Chris，Im Li Jin，monitor of Class One，Grade Eleven.Knowingthat you will study in our class as an exchange student next week，every one of us feels excited and eager to meet you.I hold thebelief that youll enjoy the life and study here.Generally speakin
26、g，the climate here is pleasant.But inwinter it can be a bit cold，so youd better carry some overcoats incase you catch a cold.As is well known，the Chinese food of allkinds is delicious，which many foreign friends favor.Im confidentyou are certain to adore it.专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考Our class，consisting of twent
27、y girls and thirty boys，is ahappy group.Not only do we get on well with each other，but alsowe are always ready to help others.Dont hesitate to ask us for helpif you are in trouble.Besides，I hope you show us Americanschools and culture，and meanwhile convey our culture to yourclassmates，which contribu
28、tes to improving our understandingand friendship.Were looking forward to seeing you.Yours，Li Jin 专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考点拨 非谓语动词作时间状语，表示与句子主语动作同时或几乎同时进行。此处表达一听到Chris要来，全班同学都怀着激动的那种心情。hold the belief相当于believe，是高级表达，符合短语优先原则。这是评注性短语，常放在句首作状语，也可以换成generally或in general。同时在此处也起到过渡作用。此处as引导非限制性定语从句，as指代整句话内容，该考生对句式把握能力较强。adore为高级词汇的使用。专 题 探 究感 悟 高 考非谓语动词consisting of作后置定语使用。另外，consist of用得非常准确，需要提醒的是这个短语不能使用被动语态。not only引导倒装结构，强调同学们相处融洽。高级句式使用恰当。meanwhile，convey为两个高级词汇。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整句话内容；contribute to doing结构的正确运用也增加亮点。
