1、UNIT 5LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD (满分：100分建议用时：50分钟)第一部分单项选择(10分)()1.Notices in the waiting room requested that you can neither smoke _ shout loudly.AandBorCsoDnor()2.Could you please tell me how _ the word?AspellingBto spellCspellsDspell()3.The White Horse Temple, _ back to the Eastern Han Dynasty,
2、has a history of more than 1,900 years.AdatesBdatedCdatingDto date()4.The round mooncake is a _ of reunion and happiness in Chinese culture.AsymbolBsignalCsignDsymptom()5.He said that great changes _ in his hometown since 1990.Ahave taken placeBhave been taken placeChad taken placeDhad been taken pl
3、ace()6._ he goes, he brings happiness and laughter to people.AWhereverBWhicheverCHoweverDWhatever()7.The longer the war lasts, the _ the people there will suffer.AmanyBmuchCmoreDmost()8.No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times _ its better to remain silent.AthatBwhenCwhyDwhich()9.She b
4、rought her three friends to the party, none of _ I had ever met before.AthemBwhoCwhomDwhich()10.Would you mind if I _you a personal question?AaskBaskingCwill askedDasked【答案】15DBCAC610ACBCD第二部分阅读(20分)AEvery week in China, millions of people will sit in front of their TVs watching teenagers compete fo
5、r the title Character Hero, which is a Chinese spelling competition.In this challenge, young competitors must write Chinese characters by hand.To prepare for the competition, the competitors usually spend months studying dictionaries.Perhaps the shows popularity should not be a surprise.Along with g
6、unpowder and paper, many Chinese people consider the creation of Chinese calligraphy(书法) to be one of their primary contributions.Unfortunately, all over the country, Chinese people are forgetting how to write their own language without computers help.Software on smart phones and computers allows us
7、ers to type the word using the Latin alphabet (字母)The correct character is chosen from a list.The result? Its possible to recognize characters without remembering how to write them.But theres still hope for the paint brush.Chinas Education Ministry wants children to spend more time learning how to w
8、rite.In one Beijing primary school we visited, students practise calligraphy every day inside a specially decorated classroom with traditional Chinese paintings hanging on the walls.Soft music plays as a group of six-year-olds dip brush pens into black ink.They look up at the blackboard often to stu
9、dy their teachers examples before carefully trying to reproduce those characters on thin rice paper.“If adults can survive without using handwriting, why bother to teach it now？” we ask the calligraphy teacher, Shen Bin.“The ability to write characters is part of Chinese tradition and culture，” she
10、reasons.“Students must learn now so they wont forget when they grow up.” says the teacher.()11.What can we learn about the Character Hero?AIt draws great public attention across the country.BIts the most-viewed TV programs in the world.CIt means to spread Chinese culture to the world.DIts open to pe
11、ople of all ages and all walks.()12.Why are Chinese people forgetting how to write the characters?AChinese people dont refer to dictionaries very often.BChinese people no longer use brush pens or practice calligraphy.CChinese people are using the Latin alphabet instead of the characters.DChinese peo
12、ple neednt write by hand as often with the help of technology.()13.According to Shen Bin, being able to write characters by hand is _.Anecessary for adults to survive in ChinaBa requirement made by the Education MinistryChelpful to keep Chinese tradition and culture aliveDan ability to be developed
13、only when you are students【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。作者通过叙述汉字拼写大赛谈到了汉字拼写的现状。11A细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在中国，每周都有数以百万计的人坐在电视机前，观看青少年们争夺“英雄”的比赛，这是一场中国式的拼字比赛。由此可知，这个节目在全国引起了极大的公众关注。故选A。12D细节理解题。根据第二段可知，不幸的是，在没有电脑帮助的情况下，全国各地的中国人都忘记如何书写自己的语言。由此可知，中国人忘记如何写汉字是因为在科技的帮助下，中国人不需要经常用手写字。故选D。13C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，“书写汉字的能力是中国传统和文化的一部分”“学生
14、们现在必须学习，这样他们长大后就不会忘记。”由此可知，沈冰认为会书写能够帮助保持中国传统文化的活力。故选C。B(2020江西省抚州市临川第二中学高一上学期期末)Any foreigner who has tried to learn Chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand.And anyone who has tried to learn to play the violin or other instruments can report similar chall
15、enges.Now researchers have found that people with musical training have an easier time learning Chinese.Writing in the online edition of Nature Neuroscience, researchers from Northwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch(音
16、调)One of the studys authors, Nina Kraus, said the findings suggested that studying music “actually tunes our sensory system”This means that schools that want children to do well in languages should hesitate before cutting music programs, Dr.Kraus said.She said music training might also help children
17、 with language problems.Mandarin speakers have been shown to have a more complex encoding(编码)of pitch patterns in their brains than English speakers do.This is because in Mandarin and other Asian languages, pitch plays a central role.A single-syllable word can have several meanings depending on how
18、it is intoned.For this study, the researchers looked at 20 non-Chinese speaking volunteers, half with no musical background and half who have studied an instrument for at least six years.As they were shown a movie, the volunteers also heard an audio tape of the Mandarin word “mi” in three of its mea
19、nings: squint, bewilder and rice.The researchers recorded activities in their brain stems to see how well they were processing the sounds.Those with a music background showed much more brain activities in response to the Chinese sounds.The lead author of the study, Patrick CM.Wong, said it might wor
20、k both ways.It appears that native speakers of tonal languages may do better at learning instruments.()14.Why does Chinese learning have something to do with music training?ABecause there is the same difficulty in learning Chinese and music.BBecause skills to learn the two make use of the same parts
21、 of the brain.CBecause music training might help people with language study.DBecause people who do well in Chinese study do well in music.()15.The underlined word “intoned” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by the word “_”AcreatedBspelledCseemedDpronounced()16.What would be the best title for
22、this passage?AMandarin Speakers Are Smarter Than English SpeakersBSkilled Ear for Music May Help Language StudyCPitch Plays a Central Role in Chinese LearningDSchools Need to Develop Music Programs【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。任何一个学过汉语的外国人都知道掌握说话和理解所需要的声调有多难。目前有研究人员发现，受过音乐训练的人学习语言更容易。14B细节理解题。根据第二段中“researchers fr
23、om Northwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch”可知，汉语学习和音乐训练用到的都是大脑相同的部位，这些部位有助于人们发现音调中的变化。故汉语学习和音乐训练有关系。15D词义猜测题。根据第四段中“This is because in Mandarin and other Asian languages，pitch plays a central role. A single-syllable
24、word can have several meanings depending on how it is intoned.” 可知，在普通话和其他亚洲语言中，音调起着关键作用。对一个单音节词而言，当人们以不同的音调说这个词时，这个词就表达出不同的意思。在第六段中以“mi”为例，这个词不同的音调就代表着不同的意思。故画线单词表达的应是人们对一个单音节词的“发音”。16B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，研究表明，经过音乐训练的人，在学汉语方面会更加容易。音乐训练和汉语学习均用到了大脑相同的部位。该部位可以帮助人们更好地发现语调的变化，有助于人们学习语言。所以短文的最佳标题是“熟练的音乐听觉有助于语言学
25、习”。C(2020湖北省天门市高一上学期月考)You may be surprised to learn that English gets 30 to 45 percent of its words from French.The reason goes back to the year 1066, when Norman forces invaded(入侵)what is now Britain.The Normans were from northern France and spoke French.During the Norman occupation, French became
26、 the language of Englands rulers and wealthy class.This lasted for more than 300 years.Other people in England continued to speak English during this period.Over time, the two languages combined and shared words.Some researchers believe that about 10,000 French words eventually entered the English l
27、anguage.However, although English took many French words, their meanings have not always stayed the same.Sometimes the differences in meanings can be very important, and lead to funny or strange situations if the words are used in the wrong way.Take, for example, the French word “college”. In Englis
28、h, college can often be used in place of the word “university”， or sometimes as a school within a university.However, in French, college actually means “middle school”， or the level of schooling for students in grades five or six through eight.There are many other similar words in the two languages
29、with completely different meanings.In English, the word “chat” is a verb which means “to talk casually”； but in French, the word “chat” is the word for an animal: a cat.If an English speaker says someone is jolly, that means they are cheerful or friendly.But in French, “jolie” means someone is good-
30、looking or pleasant to look at.In any case, both are nice things to say to someone.()17.What does the author stress about the French words in English?ATheir spelling forms.BTheir changes in history.CTheir puzzles for English.DTheir different meanings.()18.What does a Frenchman mean if he says he lik
31、es a chat?AHe likes a kind of pet.BHe wants to have a talk.CHe hates to speak English.DHe prefers to chat in French.()19.What is the French word “jolie” used to do?AReplace “jolly” in English.BDescribe peoples looks.CRefer to peoples happiness.DProve the change in French.()20.What is the text mainly
32、 about?AComparison between two languages.BDifficulty in grasping English.CFrench words in English.DDevelopment of English.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英语中存在大量法语词汇的现象，解释了其原因并举例说明了它们在英语和法语中的不同含义。17D推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, although English took many French words, their meanings have not always stayed the same. Some
33、times the differences in meanings can be very important, and lead to funny or strange situations if the words are used in the wrong way.” 可知，作者强调了英语中的法语单词的不同含义。18A推理判断题。根据第四段中“In English, the word chat is a verb which means to talk casually； but in French, the word chat is the word for an animal: a
34、cat. ”可知，如果一个法国人说他喜欢a chat，他的意思是“他喜欢一种宠物”，因为在法语里chat是cat的意思。19B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But in French, jolie means someone is good-looking or pleasant to look at.” 可知，在法语中jolie的意思是说某人长得好看或看上去是令人愉快的。由此可知，jolie 在法语里是用来“描述人的外表”。20C主旨大意题。根据第一段中“You may be surprised to learn that English gets 30 to 45 percent of it
35、s words from French.”和第二段中“Over time, the two languages combined and shared words. Some researchers believe that about 10,000 French words eventually entered the English language. ”可知，本文主要讲述的是“英语中的法语单词”。第三部分完形填空(15分)(2020浙江省绍兴市诸暨中学高一上学期期中)Its amazing how one dollar can change the culture of a school
36、.We have a _21_ school of about 30 students.It is really full of competition and pressure as most of the kids get good _22_ and try to be the best ones.Its good except that a lot of us middle kids felt really _23_.We got the feeling that we were so selfishits every man for himself._24_, my friend an
37、d I set out to find a way to change the culture.We thought doing things for others was the only way to _25_ our depression(沮丧) about school.On the first day of school we put a _26_ folded into a heart into one of the leaders lockers with a piece of paper that _27_, “Buy yourself a snack.” We hoped t
38、o give away small gifts every day.We didnt know the _28_ it would have.People went _29_ over it and everyone was talking about who it might be doing the acts of kindness and _30_ that they should do something too.It is so much fun to see the _31_ on everyones faces now! Lots of other people have sta
39、rted sharing _32_ now too: chocolate bars, cookies and money left on purpose in the vending machine(自动售货机)And lots of notes are on the thanks board saying: “Thanks to whoever started.”Now I actually expect to go to school to have the chance to _33_ people up.I hope kindness will _34_ to other school
40、s.If anybody is struggling with being _35_ at school and work, I totally suggested doing acts of kindness.()21.A.smallBlargeClovelyDterrible()22.A.gradesBbooksCresultsDteachers()23.A.interestedBsatisfiedCpressuredDembarrassed()24.A.In returnBIn chargeCIn responseDIn anger()25.A.deal withBlive withCc
41、ome up withDkeep up with()26.A.paperBgiftCdollarDticket()27.A.wroteBsaidCtoldDprinted()28.A.problemBopinionCeffectDattitude()29.A.wildBsadCangryDpeaceful()30.A.regrettingBdisagreeingCdoubtingDdeciding()31.A.tearsBpainCsmilesDterror()32.A.happinessBselfishnessCkindnessDsadness()33.A.bringBcheerCspeed
42、Dhold()34.A.spreadBreferCreactDtake()35.A.ignoredBconcernedCconfusedDdepressed【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者用一张一美元的钞票改变了整个校园的风气学校里呈现出人人做好事的好现象。21A句意：我们是一大约所有30名学生的小型学校。根据下文“of about 30 students”可知，这所学校规模很小。A.small小的；B.large大的；C.lovely可爱的；D.terrible糟糕的。22A根据下文“and try to be the best ones”可知，这里的大部分孩子们的成绩都很好。A.g
43、rades分数，年级；B.books书；C.results结果；D.teachers老师。23C句意：这很好，除了许多像我们这种处于中等水平的孩子感到很有压力。根据上文“It is really full of competition and pressure as most of the kids get good _22_ and try to be the best ones.” 可知，这里是指前面的那种现象是很好的，只是学校的中等生会感到很大压力。A.interested感兴趣的；B.satisfied满意的；C.pressured有压力的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。24C句意
44、：作为回应，我和我的朋友开始寻找改变这种文化的方法。根据后面的“my friend and I set out to find a way to change the culture”可知，这里是指作为对这种文化现象的回应。A.In return作为回报，反过来；B.In charge负责；C.In response作为回答；D.In anger愤怒地。25A句意：我们认为为别人做事是解决我们对学校的沮丧情绪的唯一方法。A.deal with解决；B.live with忍受；C.come up with提出；D.keep up with赶上。26C句意：开学的第一天，我们把一张折叠好的美元和一
45、张写着“给自己买点零食”的纸，放进了一个佼佼者的储物柜里。根据文章首段“Its amazing how one dollar can change the culture of a school.” 可知，这里是指一张一美元的钞票。A.paper纸张；B.gift礼物；C.dollar美元；D.ticket票。27B句意参考上题。A.wrote写着(主语一般为人)；B.said(书面材料上)写着；C.told告诉；D.printed印刷。28C句意：我们不知道它会有什么影响。根据常识可知，作者也是第一次这么做，所以不知道它会有什么影响。A.problem问题；B.opinion观点；C.eff
46、ect影响；D.attitude态度。29A句意：人们为之疯狂，每个人都在谈论谁可能在做善事，并决定他们也应该做些什么。根据下文“everyone was talking about who it might be doing the acts of kindness and _30_ that they should do something too. ”可知，这里是指人们都沸腾起来，人人都想知道到底是谁做的好事。短语go wild over sth.意为 “对某事狂热起来”。30D句意参考上题。根据下文“that they should do something too”可知，这里是指大家
47、决定他们也应该做些什么。A.regretting后悔；B.disagreeing不同意；C.doubting怀疑；D.deciding决定。31C句意：现在看到每个人脸上的笑容真是太有趣了！根据“It is so much fun”可知，这里是指看到每个人脸上都有笑容是一件很开心的事情。A.tears眼泪；B.pain痛苦；C.smiles微笑；D.terror恐怖。32C句意：现在，许多人也开始分享善意：故意留在自动售货机上的巧克力棒、饼干和钱。根据下文“And lots of notes are on the thanks board saying：Thanks to whoever st
48、arted.”可知，这里是指很多其他人也开始与别人分享友善行为。A.happiness幸福；B.selfishness自私；C.kindness友善；D.sadness伤心。33B句意：现在，我很希望有机会去学校鼓舞人们。A.bring up提出，抚养；B.cheer up鼓舞，喝彩；C.speed up加速；D.hold up举起，阻挡。34A句意：我希望那些友善的行为可以传播到其他学校。A.spread传播；B.refer参考；C.react反应；D.take带走。35D句意：如果有人在学校里正在因为学习压力而感到沮丧的话，我完全建议做些善事。根据上文“We thought doing t
49、hings for others was the only way to _25_ our depression(沮丧)about school.”可知，这里是指如果你正在为学习压力而感到沮丧的话，作者建议不防做一些善事。A.ignored被忽视；B.concerned关心的；C.confused困惑的；D.depressed沮丧的。第四部分语法填空(15分)(2019福建省三明一中高一上学期期中)Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to attract the attention of the world.Kung fu, 36._(especi
50、al), has had a great effect 37._ the millions of people who first learned about China through it.Sometimes, they may come to China and learn about some other 38._ (aspect) of this culture.Other Asian nations have long known about the 39._ (great) of ancient Chinese culture.Their own cultures are 40.
51、_ mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics.Korea and Japan long ago adopted Confucianism, something that continues today even as it 41._ (challenge) by pop culture.This strength comes from the ideas 42._ (give) in the Four Books of Confucianism, which were built upon the idea of an even
52、43._ (much) ancient period included in the Five Classics.From them, the West learns 44._ is uniquely Chinese, for example, feng shui.So far China has taken steps 45._(increase) this spread of its culture by establishing Chinese Cultural Centres in such places as the United States and Europe.【语篇解读】本文
53、是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统文化开始引起世界的关注。36especially考查副词。句意：尤其是功夫，对通过它首次了解中国的数百万人产生了巨大的影响。本空在句中作状语，故应用副词especially，意为“尤其是”，用于强调突出的人或者事情。37on考查介词。句意参考上题。have a great effect on意为“对有影响”。38aspects考查名词复数。句意：有时，他们可能会来到中国，了解这种文化的其他方面。aspect 为可数名词且前有some修饰，故本空应用复数aspects 。39greatness考查名词。句意：其他亚洲国家早就知道中国古代文化的伟大。本空在句中作宾语，根
54、据空前定冠词the和空后介词of可知，本空应填名词greatness。40a考查冠词。句意：他们自己的文化是本土文化和中国特色的混合。a mix of意为“的混合”。41is challenged考查时态及语态。句意：韩国和日本在很久以前就接受了儒家思想，这种思想在今天仍然存在，尽管它受到了流行文化的挑战。根据句中today可知，本句应用一般现在时，且句子主语it与动词challenge之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。42given考查过去分词。句意：这种力量来自于儒家四书中的思想，这四书是建立在“五经”所包含的更古老时期的思想之上的。本空作定语修饰名词ideas，动词give
55、和ideas之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故本空应用过去分词given 作定语。43more考查形容词比较级。句意参考上题。even可用来修饰形容词比较级，故本空应用形容词的比较级more。44what考查宾语从句。句意：从他们那里，西方学会了中国独有的东西，比如风水。分析句子可知，learn后接宾语从句作宾语，宾语从句中缺少主语，故本空应填what 。45to increase考查动词不定式。句意：到目前为止，中国已经采取措施，通过在美国和欧洲等地建立中国文化中心来扩大中国文化的传播。take steps to do sth. 意为“采取措施做某事”。第五部分写作(40分)第一节单词拼写(5题，共
56、5分)46You should practise speaking English with a _(本地的) peaker.47We still have a long way to go in our health care _(制度)48One important biological _(因素) that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.49We will look for a pumpkin and _(雕刻) it into a jack-o-lantern.50
57、His unhappy childhood experiences had a great effect on his _(性格)【答案】46.native47.system48.factor49carve50.character第二节完成句子(15分)51I dont know _ _ _ the oven.我不知道如何使用烤箱。52She can _ _ _ _.她既不会跳舞也不会唱歌。53I realized that I had to change my _ _environmental protection.我意识到我得改变我对环保的态度了。54_ _ _ in life will
58、make us stronger.人生的起伏会使我们变得更强大。55The tradition _ _ _ to 300 BC.这个传统可以追溯到公元前300年。【答案】51.how to use52.neither dance nor sing53attitude towards54.Ups and downs55could date back第三节书面表达(1题，共20分)(2019甘肃省静宁一中高一上学期期中)假设你们班将举行一场以“Why Should We Learn English？”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你结合以下内容，写一篇英语演讲稿。主要内容：1现在英语被广泛使用；2学习英
59、语可以为我们带来很多好处，如：可帮助我们考取理想大学，增强竞争力，了解外国文化，丰富我们的生活等等。注意：1词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：ideal理想的；competitive有竞争力的Why Should We Learn English?Dear friends，It is known to all that_ _Thats all.Thank you.One possible version：Why Should We Learn English?Dear friends，It is known to all that En
60、glish is the most widely used language in the world. There are many advantages for us to learn English.Firstly, it will not only help us enter an ideal university but also make us become more competitive. A good command of English will help us find a good job more easily. Secondly, with the help of English we can get a better understanding of foreign cultures. Thirdly, we can relax ourselves and give colour to life by listening to English songs and watching English movies.In brief, learning English is necessary and we should learn it.Thats all. Thank you.
