1、2020-2021年大同中学高二下英语期末II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks. use one
2、word that best fits each blank.A glimpse at the “private, hidden face” of Albert Einstein, including the celebrated scientists thoughts on everything from his fears 21 his best work was behind him to his beloved younger sister, Maja.The collection, which includes a previously unknown photograph of E
3、instein as a five-year-old and the only 22 （survive）letter written by Einstein to his father, comes from the archive（档案）of Maja Winterler-Einstein and her husband Paul Winteler. A mix of letters. postcards and photographs, many of 23 have not previously been published, range in date from 1897 to 195
4、1. “What is remarkable about them comes from the fact that he had this incredibly close relationship with his sister. Its quite clear that 24 hes writing to her, theres no role-playing at all.” said Thomas Venning at Christies. which will auction（拍卖）the letters soon. “He was very conscious of what 2
5、5 （expect）of him after he became famous, and you dont get any of that in letters to his sister. He says some things that Ive never seen him say anywhere else. and Ive catalogued many hundreds of his letters.”In 1924, nine years after he completed the general theory of relativity in 1915. Einstein wo
6、uld write to Maja that “scientifically I havent achieved much recently-the brain gradually goes oft （停止） 26 age, though that is not so unpleasant. It also means that youre not so answerable for your later years.” Ten years later, he would write to her: “I am happy in my work, 27 in this and in other
7、 matters I am starting to feel that the brilliance of younger years is past.”Venning said he had not seen Einstein 28 （admit）this anywhere else. “Its not him 29 （play）a role: you can see that thought going through his head, which is true-if Einstein had died in 1916, his fiundamental legacy would ha
8、ve been complete. He carried on working for another 40 years without making any other great breakthrough, so its just an extraordinary moment which we get because of 30 close their relationship was. He didnt have to reassure（使安心）her,” he said.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper wor
9、d chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. threatened B. enthusiastically C. charge D. viewed E. command F. satisfy G. undoubtedly H. approval I. favorable J. treasured K. considerablePublic image doesnt make money directly. nor is it an
10、ything visible. However, excellent public image is such an important thing that it is 31 desired by every company, enterprise, institution, etc. Public image refers to how a company is 32 by its customers, suppliers, and stockholders, by the financial community, by the communities where it operates,
11、 and by federal and local governments. Public image is controllable to 33 extent. just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are.A firms public image plays a vital role in the attraction of the firm and its products to employees, customers, and to such outsiders as stockholders, supp
12、lies, creditors（货款方）, government officials, as well as different special groups. With some things it is impossible to 34 all the different publics: for example, a new highly automated plant may meet the 35 of creditors and stockholders. However, it will 36 find resistance from employees who see thei
13、r jobs 37 . On the other hand, high quality products and service standards should bring almost complete approval, while low quality products and false claims would be widely looked down upon. A firms public image, if it is good, should be 38 . It is a valuable strength that usually is built up over
14、a long and satisfying relationship of a firm with publics. If a firm has developed a quality image, this is not easily imitated by competitors. Such as image may enable a firm to 39 higher prices, to win the best distributors and dealers, to attract the best employees, to expect the most favorable c
15、reditor relationships and lowest borrowing costs. It should also allow the firms stock to 40 higher price-earnings ratio（比例）than other firms in the same industry with such a good reputation and public image. . Cloze test:Directions: For each blank in the following passage，there are four words or phr
16、ases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Nothing seems more inevitable than aging and death-not even taxes. Every plant, animal and person you have ever seen will 41 die. But some recent research suggests that aging as we know it may not be ine
17、vitable. Indeed, as our 42 of it grows, aging can be seen not as an unchangeable reality from which there is no escape, but as the product of biological processes that we may be able to 43 someday.We already know that some animals do not seem to age. Many cold-water ocean fish and some amphibians（两栖
18、动物）never 44 a fixed size: they continue to grow bigger, to be able to reproduce and to live until something kills them. What these creatures seem to be telling us is that something in their 45 and possibly in ourscontrols the pace of aging, 46 that aging is not the fate of every living thing.Through
19、out the history of life on earth, one of the most common difficulties that animals and their cells） have faced has been a lack of food. About 70 years ago, scientists discovered that when animals are forced to live on 30 to 40 percent fewer calories than they would 47 eat, something unusual happens;
20、 they become 48 to most age-related diseases -cancer, heart disease, diabetes and live 30-50 percent longer. Restricting calories 49 aging. But what are the 50 genes that preserve vitality and starve off diseases?About 15 years ago, armed with powerful new molecular-research technique, a few scienti
21、sts began to 51 these genetic phenomena. They have discovered that a gene called Sir2which is present in all animals, including humans is 52 for the health benefits of calorie restriction perhaps by repairing our DNA. But if we had to restrict our calorie intake 53 30 to 40 percent would it be of an
22、y practical use? Few of us would be capable of restricting our diets so severely that we were constantly 54 . Whether or not it made life longer, it would surely make life 55 longer41. A. suddenly B. eventually C. gradually D. unexpectedly42. A. desire B. feeling C. fear D. understanding43. A. devel
23、op B. design C. control D. solve44. A. reach B. acquire C. need D. display45. A. brains B. environment C. growth D. genes46. A. but B. or C. and D. nor47. A. rarely B. occasionally C. normally D. mainly48. A. resistant B. similar C. essential D. accessible49. A. quickens B. slows C. avoids D. overco
24、mes50. A. available B. extra C. specific D. original51. A. investigate B. generous C. record D. prove52. A. famous B. to C. responsible D. convenient53. A. on B. depressed C. in D. by54. A. disappointed B. feel C. starved D. scared55. A. look B. extra C. live D. becomeIV. Reading Comprehension:Direc
25、tions: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read（A）Zelda Fitzgerald, as is re
26、vealed by numerous personal books and letters, wore many labels in her life. She was “the original flapper girl” and “the spirit of the Jazz Age.” Married to the celebrated writer F. Scott Fitzgerald （author of The Gireat Giatsby）, she was by turns his muse and the woman who ruined his life. In her
27、later years she was “Crazy Zelda”.Accurate as all these descriptions may be, they do not tell the whole story. Bon in Montgomery, Alabama, she was noted for her beauty and high spirits in dancing. In July 1918, at a country club dance. Fitzgerald was hooked immediately by the beautiful and charming
28、18-year-old Zelda who out-shined（使逊色）other beauties with her distinguished ballet. A light affection evolved into a lengthy long-distance pursuit of weekly letters, with Fitzgerald aware of her uncommitted dating of other men. He courted her after his discharge from the Army in February 1919, but Ze
29、lda had doubts. Her fiance wasnt rich and there was no guarantee hed ever be famous. His short stories didnt sell. His apartment was a dump. Zelda gave back the ring. Hoping to fix the “no money” part of his problem. Fitzgerald quit the job and started to rewrite novels for success and money so that
30、 he could win back his girl. Finally. he made it! On March 20, 1920, his novel This Side of Paradise got published and Zelda agreed to marry him.However, their marriage was troubled by wild drinking, fighting, infidelity（不忠实）and bitter recriminations. Emest Hemingway, whom Zelda disliked, blamed her
31、 for Scots declining iterary output, though she has also been portrayed as the victim of an overbearing husbano Actually. Zelda was also creative, pursuing both dancing and writing. Some scholars have portrayed Zelda as a creative talent ignored by the patriarchal（男权的）society of the day. Her inspira
32、tion was even drawn by her husband in literary creation-Scott used their relationship as material in his novels, even borrowing episodes from Zeldas diary and applying them into his fictional writings. She detested（讨厌）her husbands practice: “Mr. Fitzgerald-I believe that is how he spells his name-se
33、ems to believe that plagiarism begins at home.” To seek an artistic identity of her own value, as she put it “I wish I could write a beautiful book to break those hearts that are soon to cease to exist.”Nevertheless her unique personality was starting to seem more unbalanced than charming. The coupl
34、e-like the rest of the nation-was living on borrowed time. In October 1929 the stock market crashed, triggering the Great Depression. Six months later. Zelda suffered her first nervous breakdown. After being diagnosed with schizophrenia（精神分裂）, she was increasingly confined to specialist clinics, and
35、 since then has departed with her husband. Zelda died later in a fire at her hospital in Asheville. North Carolina, putting an end to her flamboyant（绚丽夺目的）life. *A young woman, especially one in the 1920s, who was against traditional dress and behavior.56. Where will you most probably find this arti
36、cle? A. In a newspaper. B. In a literary magazine.C. In a prepared speech D. In a research report.57. Which phrase can best summarize the relationship between F. Scott Fitzgerald and Zelda?A. Ideal partnership B. Unbalanced love relationship. C. Love-hate relationship. D. Mutually-jealous relationsh
37、ip58. The underlined word “plagiarism” in paragraph three is closet in meaning to “_”.A. copying B. adaption C. reference D. imagination59. Which of the following is true according to the article?A. Fitzgerald successfully won Zeldas heart by reading her his novels and writing her weekly letters.B.
38、Hemingway disliked Zelda because of her female identity and talent that outshined her husband.C. Zelda was glad to be her husbands muse and provided him with literary materials.D. The “Crazy Zelda” died without Fitzgeralds companion after severe schizophrenia.（B）What exactly is a lie? Is it anything
39、 we say which we know is untrue? Or is it something more than that? For example, suppose a firiend wants to borrow some money from you. You say “I wish I could help you but Im short of money myself.” In fact, you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you
40、dont want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie?Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of Southern Califormia has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men. particular when telling a “white lie”, such as when a woman at a p
41、arty tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it looks awful. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise which they no intention of fulfilling. This is the kind of lie poli
42、ticians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at: the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.Research has also been done into the way peoples behavior changes in a number of small apparently unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sit
43、ting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now.” They also tend to touch certain parts of the face more often, in particular the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight
44、increase in blood pressure. The up of the nose is very sensitive to such changes and the increased pressure make sit itch.Another gesture which give liars away is that the writer Desmond Morris in his book Man-watching calls “the mouth cover” He says there are several typical forms of this, such as
45、covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth. Such as gesture can be understood as an unconscious attempt on the part of the lair to stop himself or herself from lying.Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or cove
46、ring the mouth, or moving about in a chair cannot be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to occur more frequently n this situation. It is not one gesture alone that gives the lair away but whole number of things and in particular the context in which the lie is told.60. Accord
47、ing to the passage, a “white lie” seems to be a lie _.A. that other people believe B. that other people dont believeC. told in order to avoid offending someone D. told in order to take advantage of someone61. According to Professor Jellison, women _.A. generally lie far more than men do B. are bette
48、r at telling less serious lies than men areC. lie at parties more often than men do D. often make promise they dont intend to keep62. Researchers find when a person tells a lie, _.A. he looks very serious B. his blood pressure increase considerablyC. he uses his unconscious mind D. there tends to be
49、 some small changes in his behavior63. Which of the following may best betray（出卖）a liar?A. The touching of the tip of ones nose B. The changes of ones behavior.C. The circumstances where the lie is told D. “The mouth cover” gesture.（C）Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a
50、 proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. But despite its popularity, experts warn that bio-metrics might not be as secure as wed imaginedB. Security experts dont think it absolutely necessary to use biometric tec
51、hnology. C. But using different security measures is the best defense. D. Now. this type of technology might not be far away.E. If a persons biometric information is stolen, that could have extremely serious results for him.F. The chance that a random person could look at your iPhone X and unlock it
52、 with his face is about one in a million.Imagine youre standing in line to buy an after-school snack at a store. You step up to the counter and the cashier scans your food. Next. you have to pay. But instead of scanning a QR code with your smartphone, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can s
53、can your fingerprint. Or, a camera scans your face, your eyes or even your ear. 64 As technology companies move away from traditional password, biometric（生物识别）security, which includes fingerprint, face and voice ID, is becoming increasingly popular.In 2013. Apple introduced the iPhone 5s.one of the
54、first smartphones with a fingerprint scanner. Since then, using ones fingerprint to unlock a phone and make mobile payments has become commonplace, bringing convenience to our lives. And since lasts year, San-sun has featured eye-scanning technology in its top smartphone, while Apples new iPhone X c
55、an even scan a users face. 65 “Bio-metrics, ideally are good.” John Michener, a biometric expert, told tech website Inverse. “In practice, not so much.”When introducing the new iPhones Face ID feature at Apples Keynote Event in September. Phil Schiller, Apples senior vice president, said. “ 66 ”.But
56、 its already been done. In a video posted on community website Reddit on Nov 3, two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face. Quartz reported. And they arent even twins.“We may expect too much from bio-metrics.” Anil Jain, a computer science professor
57、at Michigan State University. told CBS news. “No security systems are perfect.”Earlier this year, Jain found a way to trick biometric security. Using a printed copy of a thumbprint, she was able to unlock a dead persons smartphone for police.“Its good to see bio-metrics being used more,” Jain told C
58、BS News, “because it adds another factor for security. 67 .”V. Phrases:Directions: Fill in each blank with one phrase from the table in its proper form. Note that there are two phrases more than needed.for the sake of plunge into come up with in rains establish the position of burst out have every r
59、eason in silence act on contribute to nothing more than for sure1. We each Chinese _ to pride ourselves on the achievements we have made over the past 20 years.2. Objects at rest tent to remain at rest unless _ by an outside force.3. Engineers in different countries, working independently of each ot
60、her, _ very similar results on it in the last decades.4. We heart that the city was _ and that it was filled with thousands of starving, homeless people.5. The significance of this project lies in the fact that it _ a better interaction between teachers and students in recent years.6. In the Netherl
61、ands. thousands of enthusiasts braved the chill winds to _ the North Sea to celebrate New Years Day.7. The sudden sound of footsteps _ made Mr. Spencers blood run cold.8. In time of the global financial crisis. the only way out is _ Chinese clothing brand in the international clothing industry.9. Th
62、e luxury car represents the owners social status in China while it is _ a vehicle in its country of origin.10. I thought everything was fine until Charles _ crying in the middle of dinner.VI. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.
63、1. 那个被指控抢劫的罪犯后来证明是清白的。（accuse）2. 他的小说在世界范围赢得了大量的读者，其中大部分是年轻人。（account, whom）3. 一部名著能让读者发现生命的部分意义从而能经得住时间的考验。（enable）4. 我们从参观博物馆中受益匪浅，让我们更好地理解了如何保护野生动植物。（So., befit）VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. Tape s
64、cripts&keys to2020第二学期高二英语期末考试Keys：. Listening: 16%1-10 CCDDB ACDBA 11-16 BAB CABII. Grammar & Vocabulary: 20%21. that 22. surviving 23. which 24. when 25. was expected 26. with 27. even if28. admit 29. playing 30. how31-40 BDKFH GAJCE. Cloze test: 15%41-55 BDCAD CCABC ACDCBIV. Reading: 12*2=24%56-5
65、9 BCAD 60-63 CBDC 64-67 DAFCV. Phrases: 10%have very reason to acted on have come up with in ruins has contributed toplunge into in silence to establish the position of nothing more than burst outVI. Translation: 3+3+4+5=15%1. The criminal （who was） accused of robbery proved （to be） innocent.2. His novels have won a worldwide audience, the majority of whom young people account for.
